冲压模具外文翻译

1、机电与车辆工程学院毕业设计（外文翻译）题目：短连杆冲压模具设计专业：机械制造及其自动化班级：2010级2班名：学号：指导教师：日期：2014.5.15DiehistoryAbstract:themoldisatoolformassproductionwiththeformofaproduct,isthemainprocessequipmentinindustrialproduction.Moldhasbecomeanimportantmeansofmodernindustrialproductionandtechnologydevelopmentdirection.Thefoundationo

2、fthemoderneconomyindustry.Modernindustrialdevelopmentandtheimprovementoftechnicallevel,toalargeextentdependsonthedevelopmentlevelofmoldindustry,sodieindustrytonationaleconomyandsocialdevelopmentwillplayanmoreandmoreimportantrole.Inordertoadapttotheuserformouldmanufacturingofhighprecision,shortdelive

3、rytime,lowcost,theurgentrequestofthemodernadvancedmanufacturingtechnologyiswidelyusedindieandmouldindustrytoacceleratethetechnologicalprogressofmoldindustry,satisfyallwalksoflifetomoldthebaseandtheurgentneedofprocessequipmentKeywords:mold;Amoderneconomy;ThedevelopmenttrendDiepositioninindustrialprod

4、uctionMoldisahigh-volumeproductswiththeshapetool,isthemainprocessofindustrialproductionequipment.Withmoldcomponents,withhighefficiency,goodquality,lowcost,savingenergyandrawmaterialsandaseriesofadvantages,withthemoldworkpiecespossesshighaccuracy,highcomplexity,highconsistency,highproductivityandlowc

5、onsumption,othermanufacturingmethodscannotmatch.Havealreadybecomeanimportantmeansofindustrialproductionandtechnologicaldevelopment.Thebasisofthemodernindustrialeconomy.Thedevelopmentofmodernindustrialandtechnologicalleveldependslargelyonthelevelofindustrialdevelopmentdie,sodieindustrytonationalecono

6、micandsocialdevelopmentwillplayanincreasingrole.March1989theStateCouncilpromulgatedonthecurrentindustrialpolicydecisionpointsinthemoldasthemachineryindustrytransformationsequenceofthefirst,productionandcapitalconstructionofthesecondsequence(afterthelarge-scalepowergenerationequipmentandthecorrespond

7、ingpowertransmissionequipment),establishtoolingindustryinanimportantpositioninthenationaleconomy.Since1997,theyhavetomoldanditsprocessingtechnologyandequipmentincludedinthecurrentnationalfocusonencouragingthedevelopmentofindustries,productsandtechnologiescatalogandtoencourageforeigninvestmentindustr

8、ydirectory.ApprovedbytheStateCouncil,from1997to2000,morethan80professionalmoldfactoryowned70%VATrefundofpreferentialpoliciestosupportmoldindustry.AllthesehavefullydemonstratedthedevelopmentoftheStateCouncilandstatedepartmentstoolingindustryattentionandsupport.Moldaroundtheworldaboutthecurrentannualo

9、utputof60billionU.S.dollars,Japan,theUnitedStatesandotherindustrializedcountriesdieofindustrialoutputvalueofmorethanmachinetoolindustry,beginningin1997,Chinasindustrialoutputvaluehasexceededthemoldmachinetoolindustryoutput.Accordingtostatistics,homeappliances,toysandotherlightindustries,nearly90%oft

10、hepartsareintegratedwithproductionofchopsticks;inaircraft,automobiles,agriculturalmachineryandradioindustries,theproportionexceeded60%.Suchasaircraftmanufacturing,theuseofacertaintypeoffighterdiesmorethan30,000units,ofwhichthehost8000sets,2000setsofengines,auxiliary20000sets.Fromtheoutputofview,sinc

11、ethe80s,theUnitedStates,Japanandotherindustrializedcountriesdieindustryoutputvaluehasexceededthemachinetoolindustry,andtherearestillrising.Productiontechnology,accordingtotheInternationalAssociationpredictsthatin2000,theproductbestpiecesofrough75%,50%willbefinishedmoldcompleted;metals,plastics,ceram

12、ics,rubber,buildingmaterialsandotherindustrialproducts,mostofthemoldwillbecompletedinmorethan50%metalplates,morethan80%ofallplasticproducts,especiallythroughthemoldintoDietrendmoldCAD/CAE/CAMbeingintegrated,three-dimensional,intelligentandnetworkdirectionmoldsoftwarefeaturesintegratedDiesoftwarefeat

13、uresofintegratedsoftwaremodulesrequiredrelativelycomplete,whilethefunctionmoduleusingthesamedatamodel,inordertoachieveSyndicatednewsmanagementandsharingofinformationtosupportthemolddesign,manufacture,assembly,inspection,testingandproductionmanagementoftheentireprocesstoachieveoptimalbenefits.Seriess

14、uchastheUKDelcamssoftwarewillincludeasurface/solidgeometricmodeling,engineeringdrawingcomplexgeometry,advancedrenderingindustrialdesign,plasticmolddesignexpertsystem,complexphysicalCAM,artisticdesignandsculptureautomaticprogrammingsystem,reverseengineeringandcomplexsystemsphysicallinemeasurementsyst

15、ems.Ahigherdegreeofintegrationofthesoftwareincludes:Pro/ENGINEER,UGandCATIA,etc.ShanghaiJiaotongUniversity,ChinawithfiniteelementanalysisofmetalplasticformingsystemsandDieCAD/CAMsystems;BeijingBeihangHaierSoftwareLtd.CAXASeriessoftware;JilinGoldGridEngineeringResearchCenterofthestampingdiemoldCAD/CA

16、E/CAMsystems.molddesign,analysisandmanufactureofthree-dimensionalTwo-dimensionalmoldoftraditionalstructuraldesigncannolongermeetmoderntechnicalrequirementsofproductionandintegration.Molddesign,analysis,manufacturingthree-dimensionaltechnology,paperlesssoftwarerequiredtomoldanewgenerationofthree-dime

17、nsional,intuitivesensetodesignthemold,usingthree-dimensionaldigitalmodelcanbeeasilyusedintheproductstructureofCAEanalysis,toolingmanufacturabilityevaluationandCNCmachining,formingprocesssimulationandinformationmanagementandsharing.SuchasPro/ENGINEER,UGandCATIAsoftwaresuchaswithparametric,feature-bas

18、ed,allrelevantcharacteristics,sothatmoldconcurrentengineeringpossible.Inaddition,CimatrancompanyMoldexpert,DelcamsPs-moldandHitachiShipbuildingofSpace-E/moldareprofessionalinjectionmold3Ddesignsoftware,interactive3Dcavity,coredesign,moldbasedesignconfigurationandtypicalstructure.AustraliancompanyMol

19、dflowrealisticthree-dimensionalflowsimulationsoftwareMoldflowAdvisersbeenwidelypraisedbyusersandapplications.ChinaHuazhongUniversityofSciencehavedevelopedsimilarsoftwareHSC3D4.5FandZhengzhouUniversity,Z-moldsoftware.Formanufacturing,knowledge-basedintelligentsoftwarefunctionisameasureofdieimportants

20、ignofadvancedandpracticalone.SuchasinjectionmoldingexpertsCimatronssoftwarecanautomaticallygeneratepartingdirectionbasedpartinglineandpartingsurface,generateproductscorrespondingtothecoreandcavity,implementationofallrelevantpartsmold,andforautomaticallygeneratedBOMFormNCdrillingprocess,andcanintelli

21、gentlyprocessparametersetting,calibrationandotherprocessingresults.moldsoftwareapplications,networkingtrendWiththemoldintheenterprisecompetition,cooperation,productionandmanagement,globalization,internationalization,andtherapiddevelopmentofcomputerhardwareandsoftwaretechnology,theInternethasmadeinth

22、emoldindustry,virtualdesign,agilemanufacturingtechnologybothnecessaryandpossible.TheUnitedStatesinits21stCenturyManufacturingEnterpriseStrategythattheautoindustryby2006toachieveagilemanufacturing/virtualengineeringsolutionstoautomotivedevelopmentcycleshortenedfrom40monthsto4months.moldtesting,proces

23、singequipmenttotheprecise,efficient,andmulti-directionmoldtestingequipmentmoresophisticated,efficientSophisticated,complex,large-scalemolddevelopment,testingequipmenthavebecomeincreasinglydemanding.PrecisionMouldprecisionnowreached23m,moredomesticmanufacturershavetouseItaly,theUnitedStates,Japanando

24、thercountriesinthehigh-precisioncoordinatemeasuringmachine,andwithdigitalscanning.SuchasDongfengMotorMouldFactorynotonlyhasthecapacity3250mmx3250mmItaliancoordinatemeasuringmachine,alsohasadigitalphotographyopticalscanner,thefirstinthedomesticuseofdigitalphotography,opticalscanningasameansofspatialt

25、hree-dimensionalaccesstoinformation,enablingtheestablishmentfromthemeasurementofphysicalmodeloutputofengineeringdrawingsthewholeprocessofmoldmaking,reverseengineeringasuccessfultechnologydevelopmentandapplications.Thisequipmentinclude:second-generationBritishRenishawhigh-speedscanners(CYCLONSERIES2)

26、canberealizedandcontactlaserprobecomplementaryprobe,laserscanneraccuracyof0.05mm,scanningprobecontactaccuracyof0.02mm.AnotherGermancompanyGOMATOSportablescanners,JapanRolandsPIX-30,PIX-4desktopscannerandtheUnitedKingdomTaylorHopsonsTALYSCAN150multi-sensor,respectivelyThree-dimensionalscannerwithhigh

27、speed,low-costandfunctionalcompositeandsoon.CNCEDMJapanSodicklinearmotorservodriveusingthecompanysAQ325L,AQ550LLS-WEDMhavedrivenfastresponse,transmissionandhighpositioningaccuracy,theadvantagesofsmallthermaldeformation.SwitzerlandChanmiercompanyNCEDMwithP-E3adaptivecontrol,PCEenergycontrolandautomat

28、icprogrammingexpertsystems.OthersalsousedthepowdermixedEDMmachiningtechnology,micro-finishingpulsepowerandfuzzycontrol(FC)technologies.high-speedmillingmachine(HSM)Millingisanimportantmeansofcavitymold.Thelow-temperaturehigh-speedmillingwiththeworkpiece,cuttingforceissmall,smoothprocessing,processin

29、gquality,processingefficiency(forthegeneralmillingprocess5to10times)andcanprocesshardmaterials(60HRC)andmanyotheradvantages.Thusinthemoldprocessingmoreandmoreattention.RuishikelangcompanyUCP710-typefive-axismachiningcenter,machinetoolpositioningaccuracyupto8町home-madeclosed-loopvectorcontrolspindlew

30、ithamaximumspeed42000r/min.ItalyRAMBAUDIshigh-speedmilling,theprocessingrangeofupto2500mmx5000mmx1800mm,speedup20500r/min,cuttingfeedspeedof20m/min.HSMgenerallyusedlarge,medium-sizedmold,suchasmotorcovermold,diecastingmold,largeplasticsurfacemachining,thesurfaceprecisionupto0.01mm.rapideconomicmodel

31、ingtechniquesShortentheproductdevelopmentcycleisaneffectivemeansofmarketcompetitiontowinone.Comparedwiththetraditionalmoldprocess,fasteconomicmodelingtechnologyisashortmoldingcycle,thecharacteristicsoflowcost,precision,andlifecanmeettheproductionneeds,overalleconomicefficiencyismoresignificantinthem

32、oldmanufacturingtechnology,specificallythefollowingmaintechnology.rapidprototypingandmanufacturing(RPM).Itconsistsofthree-dimensionallaserlithography(SLA);laminatedprofilemanufacturing(LOM);laserpowdersinteringprototyping(SLS);FusedDepositionMolding(FDM)andthree-dimensionalprintingformingtechnology(

33、3D-P)andsoon.thesurfaceformingtooling.Itreferstotheuseofspray,chemicalcorrosion,electroformingandnewmethodfortheformationofthecavitysurfaceandafinepatterntechnology.Castingformingtooling.Therearebismuthtinalloytooling,zincalloytooling,resincompositeformingtechnologyandsiliconrubbermoldmoldingtechnol

34、ogy.coldextrusionmoldtechnologyandultra-moldedshapes.multi-pointformingtechnology.KEVRONsteelblankingblankingtooling.moldblankrapidmanufacturingtechnology.MainlydrysandMoldCasting,VacuumMoldCasting,ResinSandMoldCastingLostWaxCasting,andothertechnologies.Otheraspectsoftechnology.Suchastheuseofnitroge

35、ngasspringpressureside,discharge,quickdietechnology,stampingunittechnology,andcuttingedgetechnologyandsolidsurfacingedgeinsertsdiecastingtechnology.moldmaterialsandsurfacetreatmenttechnologydevelopedrapidlyIndustrytothelevelofmold,materialapplicationisthekey.Duetoimproperselectionanduseofmaterials,c

36、ausingprematurediefailure,whichaccountsformorethan45%failuredie.Inthemoldmaterial,commonlyusedcoldworktoolsteelwithCrWMn,Cr12,Cr12MoVandW6Mo5Cr4V2,flamehardenedsteel(suchasJapan,AUX2,SX105V(7CrSiMnMoV),etc.;usedanewtypeofhotworkdiesteelAmericanH13,SwedenQRO80M,QRO90SUPREME,etc.;usedapre-hardenedplas

37、ticmoldsteel(suchastheU.S.P20),age-hardeningsteel(suchastheU.S.P21,JapanNAK55,etc.),heattreatmenthardenedsteel(suchastheUnitedStates,D2,Japan,PD613,PD555,SwedenwinstheWhite136,etc.),powderdiesteel(suchasJapanKAD18andKAS440),etc.;paneldrawingdieusedHT300,QT60-2,Mo-Cr,Mo-Vcastiron,large-scalemoldwithH

38、T250.moreregularuseofPrecisionDieHardSteelResultsYG20hemoldsurfacetreatment,themaintrendsare:theinfiltrationofasingleelementtothemulti-elementpenetration,complexpermeability(suchasTDmethod)development;bythegeneraldiffusiontotheCVD,PVD,PCVD,ionpenetration,thedirectionofionimplantation,etc.;canusethec

39、oatingare:TiC,TiN,TiCN,TiAlN,CrN,Cr7C3,W2C,etc.,whileheatfromtheairtreatmentmeanstothedevelopmentofvacuumheattreatment.Inaddition,thecurrentstrengtheningofthelaser,glowplasmaNitridingandelectroplating(plating)enhancedanti-corrosiontechnologiesarealsomoreandmoreattention.The21stcentury,inthenewsituat

40、ionofeconomicglobalization,withcapital,areincreasinglyusedtoprovidetheproductsfromthemoldindustry.Inordertomeettheusershigh-precisionmoldmanufacturing,shortdeliverytime,theurgentdemandlow-cost,moldindustryisextensiveapplicationofmodernadvancedmanufacturingtechnologytospeedupthemoldindustry,technolog

41、icalprogress,tomeetthebasicsectorsofthemoldprocessequipmenturgentneeds.模具的发展摘要：模具是大批量生产同形产品的工具，是工业生产的主要工艺装备。模具已成为当代工业生产的重要手段和工艺发展方向。现代经济的基础工业。现代工业品的发展和技术水平的提高，很大程度上取决于模具工业的发展水平，因此模具工业对国民经济和社会发展将起越来越大的作用。为了适应用户对模具制造的高精度、短交货期、低成本的迫切要求，模具工业正广泛应用现代先进制造技术来加速模具工业的技术进步，满足各行各业对模具这一基础工艺装备的迫切需求关键词：模具；现代经济；发展趋

42、势模具在工业生产中的地位模具是大批量生产同形产品的工具，是工业生产的主要工艺装备。采用模具生产零部件，具有生产效率高、质量好、成本低、节约能源和原材料等一系列优点，用模具生产制件所具备的高精度、高复杂程度、高一致性、高生产率和低消耗，是其他加工制造方法所不能比拟的。模具已成为当代工业生产的重要手段和工艺发展方向。现代经济的基础工业。现代工业品的发展和技术水平的提高，很大程度上取决于模具工业的发展水平，因此模具工业对国民经济和社会发展将起越来越大的作用。1989年3月国务院颁布的关于当前产业政策要点的决定中，把模具列为机械工业技术改造序列的第一位、生产和基本建设序列的第二位（仅次于大型发电设备及

43、相应的输变电设备），确立模具工业在国民经济中的重要地位。1997年以来，又相继把模具及其加工技术和设备列入了当前国家重点鼓励发展的产业、产品和技术目录和鼓励外商投资产业目录。经国务院批准，从1997年到2000年，对80多家国有专业模具厂实行增值税返还70%的优惠政策，以扶植模具工业的发展。所有这些，都充分体现了国务院和国家有关部门对发展模具工业的重视和支持。目前全世界模具年产值约为600亿美元，日、美等工业发达国家的模具工业产值已超过机床工业，从1997年开始，我国模具工业产值也超过了机床工业产值。据统计，在家电、玩具等轻工行业，近90的零件是综筷具生产的；在飞机、汽车、农机和无线电行业，这

44、个比例也超过60。例如飞机制造业，某型战斗机模具使用量超过三万套，其中主机八千套、发动机二千套、辅机二万套。从产值看，80年代以来，美、日等工业发达国家模具行业的产值已超过机床行业，并又有继续增长的趋势。据国际生产技术协会预测，到2000年，产品尽件粗加工的75%、精加工的50将由模具完成；金属、塑料、陶瓷、橡胶、建材等工业制品大部分将由模具完成，50以上的金属板材、80以上的塑料都特通过模具转化成制品。模具的发展趋势模具CAD/CAE/CAM正向集成化、三维化、智能化和网络化方向发展（1）模具软件功能集成化模具软件功能的集成化要求软件的功能模块比较齐全，同时各功能模块采用同一数据模型，以实现

45、信息的综合管理与共享，从而支持模具设计、制造、装配、检验、测试及生产管理的全过程，达到实现最佳效益的目的。如英国Delcam公司的系列化软件就包括了曲面/实体几何造型、复杂形体工程制图、工业设计高级渲染、塑料模设计专家系统、复杂形体CAM、艺术造型及雕刻自动编程系统、逆向工程系统及复杂形体在线测量系统等。集成化程度较高的软件还包括：Pro/ENGINEER、UG和CATIA等。国内有上海交通大学金属塑性成型有限元分析系统和冲裁模CAD/CAM系统；北京北航海尔软件有限公司的CAXA系列软件；吉林金网格模具工程研究中心的冲压模CAD/CAE/CAM系统等。（2）模具设计、分析及制造的三维化传统的

46、二维模具结构设计已越来越不适应现代化生产和集成化技术要求。模具设计、分析、制造的三维化、无纸化要求新一代模具软件以立体的、直观的感觉来设计模具，所采用的三维数字化模型能方便地用于产品结构的CAE分析、模具可制造性评价和数控加工、成形过程模拟及信息的管理与共享。如Pro/ENGINEER、UG和CATIA等软件具备参数化、基于特征、全相关等特点，从而使模具并行工程成为可能。另外，Cimatran公司的Moldexpert，Delcam公司的Ps-mold及日立造船的Space-E/mold均是3D专业注塑模设计软件，可进行交互式3D型腔、型芯设计、模架配置及典型结构设计。澳大利亚Moldflow

47、公司的三维真实感流动模拟软件MoldflowAdvisers已经受到用户广泛的好评和应用。国内有华中理工大学研制的同类软件HSC3D4.5F及郑州工业大学的Z-mold软件。面向制造、基于知识的智能化功能是衡量模具软件先进性和实用性的重要标志之一。如Cimatron公司的注塑模专家软件能根据脱模方向自动产生分型线和分型面，生成与制品相对应的型芯和型腔，实现模架零件的全相关，自动产生材料明细表和供NC加工的钻孔表格，并能进行智能化加工参数设定、加工结果校验等。（3）模具软件应用的网络化趋势随着模具在企业竞争、合作、生产和管理等方面的全球化、国际化，以及计算机软硬件技术的迅速发展，网络使得在模具行

48、业应用虚拟设计、敏捷制造技术既有必要，也有可能。美国在其21世纪制造企业战略中指出，到2006年要实现汽车工业敏捷生产/虚拟工程方案，使汽车开发周期从40个月缩短到4个月。模具检测、加工设备向精密、高效和多功能方向发展(1)模具检测设备的日益精密、高效精密、复杂、大型模具的发展，对检测设备的要求越来越高。现在精密模具的精度已达23口山，目前国内厂家使用较多的有意大利、美国、日本等国的高精度三坐标测量机，并具有数字化扫描功能。如东风汽车模具厂不仅拥有意大利产3250mm义3250山山三坐标测量机，还拥有数码摄影光学扫描仪，率先在国内采用数码摄影、光学扫描作为空间三维信息的获得手段，从而实现了从测量实物f建立数学模型f输出工程图纸f模具制造全过程，成功实现了逆向工程技术的开发和应用。这方面的设备还包括:英国雷尼绍公司第二代高速扫描仪(CYCLONSERIES2)可实现激光测头和接触式测头优势互补，激光扫描精度为0.05mm,接触式测头扫描精度达0.02mm。另外德国GOM公司的ATOS便携式扫描仪，日本罗兰公司的PIX-30、PIX-4台式扫描仪和英国泰勒霍普森公司TALYSCAN150多传感三维扫描仪分别具