水厂锚杆施工专项预案培训文件

1、III. Main Construction Method of Anchor 、总体方案 1.Overall Scheme锚杆施工与边坡开挖施工同步进行，上层边坡支护施工完成，开挖至预应力锚杆施工位置后，及时组织进行腰梁及预应力锚杆施工，完成边坡防护，减少边坡暴露时刻。The anchor construction shall be performed simultaneously with the slope excavation. After the completion of supporting construction of upper slope, excavating to t

2、he construction location of prestressed anchor, then carrying out the construction of intermediate beam and prestressed anchor and finishing supporting work for slope in order to reduce exposure time of slope. 、预备工作：机具配备质量和数量，人员配置数量和结构等必须与预应力锚杆施工相适应，满足施工需要；完成原材料进场及试验检测；完成施工技术方案、开工报告等技术资料的编写、上报和审批，技术

3、交底资料的下发学习，原材料送检、报批手续及资料收集。 1).Preparation Work: The quality and quantity of equipment preparation together with the quantity and structure of human resource arrangement must be compatible with the construction of prestressed anchor to meet the construction needs; Completing the approach and test of

4、raw materials ;Completing the preparation, submitting and approval of related technical documents including construction program and construction starting report, etc; Issuing technical information to staff for study; Conducting raw materials inspection, approval procedures and data collection.、锚杆施工

5、顺序：锚杆施工按从上到下（可依照现场情况适当调整）分序加密的原则进行施工。锚杆施工平面布置详见附图（一）（以从上至下为例）所示，然后及时进行后续各工序的施工。 2).Construction Sequence of Anchor: The anchor construction shall be conducted from the top to the bottom(some proper adjustment can be made according to the actual situation) under the principle of sequence and densenes

6、s. Grout leaking between anchor holes shall be avoided in order to prevent the serious impact on construction effect. See Attachment 1 for detailed Plan of Anchor Arrangement(take the construction order from the top to the bottom as example). The following various construction work shall be carried

7、out timely.、施工预备2. Construction Preparation2.1、锚杆的简述2.1 Brief Introduction of Anchor2.1.1、锚杆长度：15.020.0m，锚杆锚固长度58m,以进入原混凝土基础顶向下许多于1.0m操纵。2.1.1. Length of anchor: its length shall be 15.020.0m and the anchorage length shall be 58m.The depth that the anchor hacked into the original concrete foundation

8、 shall be not less than 1m. 2.1.2、锚杆入射角度：25度2.1.2 Injection Degree:25 degree2.1.3、锚杆直径：150mm2.1.3 Diameter of anchor:150mm2.1.4、锚杆：采纳钢绞线s17.8-1860 执行标准GB/T HYPERLINK mailto:5224-2014，锚杆规格采纳绞线3s17.8-1860、绞线2s17.8-1860；沿锚杆长度2000mm，采纳48*3.5mm钢管制作定位隔离支架； 5224-2014，锚杆规格采纳绞线3s17.8-1860、绞线2s17.8-1860；沿锚杆长度

9、每隔2000mm，采纳48*3.5mm钢管制作定位隔离支架；2.1.4 Anchor: The steel strand with the specification and model of s17.8-1860 shall be selected in line with the operative norm of GB/T 5224-2014.The specification of anchor has two types including 3s17.8-1860 and 2s17.8-1860. The steel pipe with 48*3.5mm shall be used

10、to make positioning isolation stent along the length of anchor every2000mm.2.1.5、锚具：锚具（M17-2,2孔）设计值340KN，与钢绞线2s17.8-1860配套，锚具（M17-3,3孔）设计值380KN，与钢绞线3s17.8-1860配套， 执行规范GB50086-2015。2.1.5 Anchorage: The designed strength of M17-2 anchorage with 2 holes shall be equal or more than 340KN which match wit

11、h that steel strand with 2s17.8-1860; The designed strength of M17-3 anchorage with 3 holes shall be equal or more than 380KN which match with that steel strand with 3s17.8-1860. Two types anchorages shall conform to the operative norm of GB50086-20、锚板：锚板尺寸300*300*25(mm)，锚板中间圆孔尺寸依照锚具圆孔确定（锚具3孔），垫板的圆孔

12、外径等于锚具圆孔外边距；锚板尺寸300*300*25(mm)，锚板中间圆孔尺寸依照锚具圆孔确定（锚具2孔），垫板的圆孔外径等于锚具圆孔外边距。执行规范GB50086-20152.1.6 Anchor plate: The size of anchor plate shall be 300*300*25(mm). The size of round hole located at the center of anchor plate shall be determined according to the round hole of anchorage(with 3 holes). The ex

13、ternal diameter of round hole for inserted plate shall be equal to dimension of the margin of anchorage. The size of anchor plate shall be 300*300*25(mm). The size of round hole located at the center of anchor plate shall be determined according to the round hole of anchorage(with 2 holes). The exte

14、rnal diameter of round hole for inserted plate shall be equal to dimension of the margin of anchorage. The standard of GB50086-2015shall be complied with. 2.1.7、锚杆抗拔：待腰梁施工完毕立即进行养护，且腰梁、锚杆混凝土强度达到80%后才能进行锚杆抗拔实验检测；2.1.7 Tensile testing of anchor: The curing work shall be carried out at once after the co

15、mpletion of intermediate beam construction and the tensile testing of anchor could be conducted after the concrete strength of intermediate beam as well as anchor up to 80%.锚杆检测实验按下列规范进行：The anchor test shall be performed conforming to the following standards:、锚杆成孔工艺3. Bore-forming Process of Anchor

16、锚杆施工工艺流程图：Anchoring Construction Process Flow Chart3.1、技术参数：3.1 Technical Parameters:在土方开挖或回填施工的同时，留设锚杆工作面（锚位以下500mm）。预应力锚杆采纳风动潜孔锤施工工艺，锚杆长度1520m,锚杆锚固长度约5-8m。Reserve anchor working area(500mm below anchoring point) while excavating or backfilling of earthwork. Air-driven down-hole hammer construction

17、 technology shall be adopted for prestressed anchor whose length is 15-20m and anchorage length is about 5-8m.3.2、风动潜孔锤施工方法 3.2. Air-driven Down-hole Hammer Construction Method 3.2.1、依照设计图纸要求，测量人员测定锚杆孔的孔位，打入标桩，注明锚孔编号（详见附图一、二、三）。钻机安装好后，进行全面质量检查，检查钻机方位、倾角、水平度和开孔钻头落点差。检查合格后再进行施工。3.2.1 According to requ

18、irement of drawing, surveyors measure and determine the location of anchorage hole, hammered it into the relevant pile and indicate serial number of the anchor hole(see Attachment 1,2,3). After completing the drill machine installation, overall quality inspection shall be performed for position, inc

19、lination and levelness of the drill and placement difference of opening bit. Construction shall be continued after the inspection is passed.3.2.2、锚孔采纳风动潜孔锤钻孔施工，能有效地幸免冲刷坡体，施工速度快。锚杆孔施工选用优博林868型锚固钻机，锚孔直径约150mm，设计锚孔深度为5-8m，与水平夹角25度成孔。3.2.2 Adopt air-driven down-hole hammer for anchor hole construction t

20、o effectively avoid the erosion of the slope. Fasten the construction speed. Adopt type 868 Youbolin anchorage drilling rig for anchor hole construction. The diameter of the anchor hole is about 150mm, the designed depth of the anchor hole is 5-8m, 25 degree bore-forming with horizontal angle.3.2.3、

21、锚孔钻孔技术参数依照所钻部位孔内地层情况确定。3.2.3 The technical parameter of anchor hole is based on the geological condition of the drilled location.3.2.4、钻压：钻孔过程中，钻压保持平稳，不得随意增减压力。 3.2.4 Drilling pressure: keep stable pressure during drilling and dont change the pressure randomly.3.2.5、转数：正常钻孔中，保持中等转数。松散土层及破裂岩石中采纳低转数，完

22、整基岩中钻孔中适当提高转数。3.2.5 Revolving speed: keep medium speed in normal drilling proceed. Keep low speed for the loose soil and broken rock. Appropriately improve the speed for unbroken bedrock.3.2.6、钻孔过程中，随时保证孔内排渣畅通，及时排出孔内岩渣。3.2.6 During the drilling proceed, remove the residue timely and keep the inside

23、hole smooth.3.3、要紧施工方法：3.3 Main Construction Methods 3.3.1、坡面修整3.3.1 Clean Surface of Slope锚杆施工前，首先用人工及时按照从上而下分层修坡。开挖至灌注桩桩周围缘时，每层开挖高度为锚杆上下横梁间距大小，严格操纵超挖，直至开挖至下级平台，然后再开挖腰梁基础并施作锚杆。完成每层坡面开挖后，若为土质坡，及时用彩条布覆盖，防止雨水冲刷边坡。Before anchor construction, arrange manpower to modify the slope surface timely from top

24、to bottom layer by layer. When excavated to edge of the filling pile body, excavation height of each layer is equal to the spacing between intermediate beams. Over excavation is strictly controlled. Intermediate beam foundation can be excavated until excavating to the next terrace, and carry out the

25、 anchor working. After each slope excavation completed, if occurred soil slope, it shall be covered by tarpaulin to avoid erosion by rain.3.3.2、施作锚孔3.3.2 Anchor Hole Drilling锚孔在腰梁基础开挖完成，并经坡面地质条件确定能满足锚杆施工要求后进行。Anchor hole shall be drilled after completing foundation excavation of intermediate beam an

26、d ensuring that geological condition of slope can meet the requirement of anchor construction.3.3.3、锚孔测放3.3.3 Anchor Hole Measure and Setting out依照实际坡面，先按设计布置要求，将锚孔位置准确测放在坡面上，并用红油漆在现场施工部位标明锚杆开孔位置（详见附图一）。如遇坡面不平顺或专门困难场地时，须经设计单位认可，在确保坡体稳定和结构安全的前提下，适当调整锚孔定位。对测放并验收合格的锚孔位置进行编号，并用油漆标示在现场坡面上，该编号作为锚杆制作编号的依据。

27、Based on existing slope surface, position of anchor hole shall be measured and set out exactly and marked by red paint at the construction point according to designed arrangement(see Attachment 1 for details). If uneven slope surface or special geological condition occurred, adjust position of ancho

28、r appropriately on premise of getting approval from design unit and ensuring stability of the slope and safety of the structure. Position of anchor holes which have been measured, set out and verified shall be numbered and marked on the slope surface with paint. The serial number shall be regarded a

29、s anchorage making evidence . 3.3.4、钻孔设备3.3.4 Drilling Equipment 为提高钻孔效率和保证钻孔质量，钻孔机具采纳优博林868型锚固钻机，潜孔冲击成孔。In order to improve drilling efficiency and guarantee drilling quality, type 868 Youbolin anchorage drilling rig shall be adopted to drill.3.3.5钻机就位3.3.5 Position of Drilling Machine依照坡面准确测放锚杆孔位，

30、准确安装固定钻机，并严格认真进行机位调整，确保锚孔开钻就位纵横误差、高程误差、钻孔倾角和方向、方位符合中国规范标准。Exactly measure and set out the anchorage position according to slope, accurately fix drilling machine and strictly adjust the machines position to ensure the deviation in vertical and horizontal direction and elevation conform to Chinese sta

31、ndard. Ensure the drilling angle and direction in accordance with Chinese standard. = 1 * GB3 、钻孔方式 = 1 * GB3 Drilling Methods锚孔钻孔采纳干钻，以确保锚固工程施工不至于恶化边坡岩土工程地质条件和保证孔壁的粘结性能，难以钻孔时方可采纳水钻。Adopt dry drilling method to ensure that anchorage construction will not deteriorate the geological condition of the s

32、lope and guarantee the adhesive property of the hole wall. Water drilling method shall be adopted only when it is hard to drill. = 2 * GB3 、钻孔工艺 = 2 * GB3 Drilling Process 锚杆钻孔施工要加强钻机的导向作用，及时检测孔斜误差，合理采纳纠偏措施，确保锚杆钻孔满足设计及规范要求。钻孔过程中对每个孔的地层变化，钻孔状态(钻压、钻速)、地下水及一些专门情况作好现场施工记录。如遇地质情况与地勘报告不符出现不良钻孔现象时，须立即停钻，及时

33、进行孔道固壁灌浆处理(灌浆压力0.10.2MPa)，待水泥砂浆初凝后，重新扫孔钻孔。Strengthen guide role of drilling machine during the anchor hole drilling, check deviation error of hole timely and adopt reasonable corrective measure to ensure anchor hole meeting design requirements and specification. The stratum change, drilling status(d

34、rilling pressure and speed), ground water and some special circumstances during the drilling work shall be recorded in site. If geological conditions are not matched with geological report which causing undesirable drilling , stop the drilling immediately. Grouting for braced hole wall(grouting pres

35、sure as 0.10.2MPa) shall be carried out timely. After initial setting of cement mortar, clean the hole and restart the drilling work. 渗水及塌孔的处理a. Treatment of Water Seepage and Hole Collapsing孔内有渗水时，在钻孔过程中或钻孔结束后吹孔时，从孔中吹出的差不多上一些小石粒和团粒而无粉尘，岩粉多贴附于孔壁。当锚孔深度已满足要求，则以高压风吹净，直至吹出清水。During drilling or blowing h

36、ole after drilling, gravel and aggregate without dust are blew out from holes if water seepage occurred in hole ,and rock powder generally is attached to hole wall. When the depth of anchor hole has met the requirements, blow the hole with high-pressure air until water is blew out. 塌孔、卡钻的处理b. Treatm

37、ent for Hole Collapsing and Drill Sticking当钻孔穿越强风化岩层或岩体破裂带时，往往发生塌孔。出现此类现象进行固壁注浆，注浆压力采纳0.5Mpa，浆液为水泥砂浆,24h后重新钻孔。雨天施工时，常常顺岩体破裂带向孔内渗流泥浆,固壁注浆前，必须用水和风把泥浆洗出(塌入钻孔内的石块不必清除)。When drilled weathered rock and fracture rock zone, hole collapsing frequentlyoccurred. Grouting for braced wall by cement mortar with 0

38、.5Mpa of grouting pressure shall be adopted for this kind of situation. Drilling work shall be restarted after 24 hours. Mud often seep into hole along fracture rock zone during work time in rainy days. Before grouting for braced wall, mud must be cleaned by water and air(no need to remove gravel wh

39、ich seeped into the hole) = 3 * GB3 、孔径、孔深 = 3 * GB3 Diameter and Depth of Hole钻孔孔径、孔深要求不得小于设计值（设计孔径150mm，孔深1520m）。为确保锚孔直径，要求实际使用钻头直径不得小于设计孔径。为确保锚孔深度，要求实际钻孔深度大于设计深度0.2m以上，但不宜超出0.3m，当遇专门地质情况时，可适当增加超钻深度，但不可超过500mm。Drilling diameter and depth shall not less than designed value(design hole diameter is 1

40、50mm,hole depth is 1520m). In order to ensure anchor hole diameter, the actual diameter of drill bit shall not less than design hole diameter. In order to ensure anchor hole depth, the actual drilling depth shall be more than 0.2m of the design depth but not exceed 0.3m. However, in case of special

41、geological condition, drilling depth may be increased appropriately but shall not more than 500mm. = 4 * GB3 、锚孔清理 = 4 * GB3 Clean Anchor Hole钻孔达到设计深度后，不能立即停钻，要求稳钻12分钟，防止孔底紧缩、达不到设计孔径。钻孔孔壁不得有沉碴及水体粘滞，必须清理洁净，在钻孔完成后，使用高压风(风压0.20.4MPa)将孔内岩粉及水体全部清除出孔外。除相对坚硬完整的岩体锚固外，余均不得采纳高压水冲洗锚孔。若遇锚孔中有承压水流出，待水压、水量变小后方可安装锚

42、杆与注浆，必要时在周围适当部位设置排水孔处理。假如要求处理锚孔内部积聚水体，一般采纳灌浆封堵二次钻孔等方法处理。After drilling to designed depth, drilling work cannot be stopped immediately and keep drilling 1-2mimutes to avoid insufficient size of hole and not up to the designed hole diameter. Any dregs and water cannot be attached on hole wall and must

43、 be cleaned out of hole. After drilling, blow the rock powder and water out from hole with high-pressure air (0.20.4MPa). Except for anchorage of integrity and hard rock , the rest anchor holes cannot be washed by high-pressure water. If the confined water flew from anchor hole, anchorage and grouti

44、ng could be carried out after water pressure and volume reduced, and set up drainage hole in suitable place if necessary. If it is required to deal with impounded water in anchor hole, grouting closure and secondary drilling will be adopted. = 5 * GB3 、锚孔检验 = 5 * GB3 Anchor Hole Test锚孔钻孔结束后，须经CMEC工程

45、师检验合格后，方可进行下道工序。孔径、孔深检测采纳标准钻杆在CMEC工程师旁站下进行，要求验孔过程中钻头平顺推进，不产生冲击或抖动，钻具验送长度满足设计锚孔深度，退钻要求顺畅，用高压风吹验不存明显飞溅尘碴及水体现象。然后用一根聚乙烯管复核孔深，并以高压风吹孔，待孔内粉尘吹洁净，且孔深许多于锚杆设计长度时，拔出聚乙烯管，以织物或水泥袋塞好爱护锚孔口待用。同时要求复查锚孔孔位、倾角和方位，全部锚孔施工分项工作合格后，即可认为锚孔钻造检验合格。锚孔检验项目同意偏差符合规范要求。After completion of drilling work, the next procedure could be

46、 continued only after inspected and qualified accepted by CMEC engineer. Inspection for hole diameter and depth shall be carried out with standard drill rods with the witness of CMEC engineer. Drill shall be propelled smoothly without any impact and vibration during inspection process; length of dri

47、lling tool shall meet designed depth of anchor hole. Drawing back of drill shall be carried out smoothly .Checking with high-pressure air blowing and no any obvious dust and water shall be found. After blowing up the dust in hole and the depth of hole is not less than designed length of anchorage, p

48、olyethylene pipe shall be pulled out and hole shall be covered by fabric or cement bags. Position, inclination and direction of anchor hole shall be rechecked at the same time. Anchor hole drilling is regarded as passed inspection when all the anchor hole construction work item is qualified. Allowab

49、le deviation of anchor hole inspection shall meet the specification requirements.3.4、钻孔质量保证3.4 Drilling Quality Assurance严格掌握钻孔的方位，调正钻杆，符合设计的水平倾角，并保证钻杆的水平投影垂直于坑壁，经检查无误后方可钻孔。Strictly control the position of hole, adjust drill pole to meet the designed horizontal angle and guarantee that horizontal pr

50、ojection of drill pole is perpendicular to pit wall. After get qualified inspection can continue to drill.钻孔时应依照工程地质情况，操纵钻孔速度。遇到障碍物或异常情况应及时停钻，待情况清晰后再钻孔或采取相应措施。钻孔深度大于锚杆设计长度200mm。Control drilling speed according to geological condition. Drilling work shall be stopped in time when the obstacles or abno

51、rmal conditions occurred and take corresponding measures as soon as possible after checking. Drilling depth is 200mm greater than the designed anchor length.3.5、锚杆采购及安装3.5 Anchor Purchase and Installation 预应力锚杆体由腰梁、自由段、锚固段和安全段四部分组成。采纳压力分散型锚杆，钢绞线采纳s17.8mm高强度低松弛预应力钢绞线。钢绞线沿锚杆体轴线方向每隔2m设置一道架线环，保证锚杆体爱护层厚度

52、不小于2cm。锚杆体采纳人工安装，安装前，认真核对锚孔编号，确认无误后再用高压风吹孔，缓缓将锚杆体放入孔内，用钢尺量出孔外露出的钢绞线长度，计算孔内锚杆长度(误差操纵在50mm范围内)，确保锚固长度。Prestressed anchor is made up of intermediate beam, free segment, anchorage section and safety section. Adopt pressure-dispersed anchor.s17.8mm high strength low relaxation prestressed steel strand sh

53、all be used. The steel strand is provided with a wire loop every 2m along the axis of the anchorto ensure the protective layer thickness of anchor body is not less than 2cm. Manpower shall be adopted for anchor body installation. It shall be checked seriously for anchor hole serial number before ins

54、tallation.Then use high-pressure air to blow the hole after confirmed. Slowly put the anchor body into hole,use steel tape to measure the steel strand length outside the hole and calculate the inside hole anchor length(deviation controlled within 50mm) to ensure the anchorage length. 首先按照设计要求长度切割钢绞线

55、，用冷弯机将无粘结钢绞线弯曲成U型并固定在承载体上，然后按设计荷载体间距组装完成整个锚杆体。制作时注意，钢绞线不得相互缠绕并保证承载体位于钻孔中部。First, according to the design length requirements to cut steel strand, bond-free steel strand shall be bent into U-shape by a cold bending machine and fixed on the barrier,and then assembled by the design of the load to compl

56、ete the entire anchor body. Note that the steel strand should not be entangled with each other and ensure that the carrier is located in the middle of the borehole.、截取钢绞线用切割机，严禁使用电气焊；Use cutting machine to get steel strand.It is prohibited to use the electrical welding.、钢绞线编制在工作平台上进行，其下料长度为：设计长度+锚梁厚

57、度+张拉千斤顶长度+锚具厚度+张拉操作预留量。(2) Strand meshing shall be done on the work platform, the cutting length is: design length + anchor beam thickness + tension jack length + anchor thickness + tension operation reserve.、沿锚杆长度方向每隔2000mm设置一个48*35mm隔离支架（详附图四、五），相邻两隔离架之间安设束线环(绑扎丝)对锚杆进行绑扎固定。钢绞线不得相互缠绕并保证承载体位于孔的中部，锚杆

58、爱护层厚度不小于20mm。(3) Set a 48 * 35mm isolation stent along the length of the anchor every2000mm(see Attachment 4, 5), install the bunching line (binding wire) between the adjacent two isolation stent to make anchor fixed. The strand shall not be entangled with each other ,and ensure that the carrier is

59、located in the middle of the hole and the thickness of the protective layer of the anchor is not less than 20 mm.、锚杆下料完成入孔安装前，用高压风清孔一次。索体采纳人工下锚，缓慢从孔口送入。(4) Before the anchor installation, the hole shall be cleaned with high-pressure air. Rope shall be inserted slowly from the top of the hole by manu

60、al.、锚杆组装的同意偏差符合中国标准，组装完成后对锚杆对应锚孔进行编号，分类存放在专用场地，并加以防潮、防雨等防锈蚀爱护。(5) The allowable deviation of anchor assembly shall coincide with the Chinese standard. After completing the assembly, anchor hole shall be numbered corresponding to anchorage and stored in clarification on a dedicated place with anti-co