大学优品精选版《大学英语外报外刊阅读教材第二版》Lesson2224课件

1、外报外刊阅读教程*（第二版） * 大学英语外报外刊阅读教程*（第二版） * 大学英语Lesson 24Structure AnalysisKey to Questions Photos & Diagrams Additional Notes Background InformationContentsLesson 24 Bored at work? Youre hardly aloneLesson 24Structure AnalysisKeyBored at work? Youre hardly aloneA third of all U.S. workers struggle with b

2、oreout. But there are remedies By Marilyn GardnerBored at work? Youre hardly Background Information As a result of excessive and prolonged stress, a state of emotional, mental, and physical exhaustion, also known as burnout, comes into being. Your interest or motivation that led you to take on a cer

3、tain role in the first place begin to wane when you feel overwhelmed and unable to meet constant demands. Burnout can decrease your productivity and suck up your energy, which only leaves you feeling more and more helpless, hopeless, cynical and resentful. You may even come up with the conclusion th

4、at you have nothing more to give. We have days when feeling bored, or unappreciated; when the dozen balls we keep hanging in the air arent noticed, not to mention rewarded; when getting out of bed requires our tremendous determination. If you too often feel like this, however, you may be performing

5、with the phenomena of burnout.Lesson 24 Background Information Background Information According to specialists, the circumstances of burnout always go through the following five stages:1. End of honeymoon: not caring at all about work 2. Fuel shortage: feeling drained and tired and often having nigh

6、tmares3. Chronic symptoms: often suffering from headache, chest distress, shortness of breath, depression, irritability and lack of energy and appetite. 4. Appearance of crisis: susceptible to despair, self-torment and obsession. 5. Hitting the wall: job and even life in danger It is not only burnou

7、t in the job, which lead to discontent and illness, but also boreout from the other extreme. As a new office disease, boreout leads to the feelings of disinterest, listlessness and tiredness. Outsiders cannot easily diagnose its syndrome because boreout people often develop behavioral strategies for

8、 looking as if they are pretty occupied thus excluded from more assignments.Lesson 24 Background Information Background InformationBoreout is the new office disease. According to some researches, about 15 percent of office staff in the US are on the way to boreout. Based on their studies, if an empl

9、oyee says “yes” to four or more of the following 10 questions, he/she could have the problem of boreout. 1. Do you complete private tasks at work? 2. Do you feel underchallenged or bored? 3. Do you sometimes pretend to be busy? 4. Are you tired after work even though you experience no stress in the

10、office? Are you unhappy with your work? 6. Do you find your work meaningless? 7. Could you complete your work more quickly than you are doing? 8. Are you afraid of changing your job because you might take a salary cut? 9. Do you send private emails to colleagues during working hours? 10. Do you have

11、 little or no interest in your work?Lesson 24 Background InformationBoreAdditional Notes1. She finds limited opportunities to take on more duties. (Line 3, Para. 1) 她感到承担更多职责的机会有限。2.The authors, business consultants in Europe, explain that boreout, the opposite of burnout, consists of three elements

12、: being understretched, uncommitted, and bored in the workplace. (Line 1, Para. 4)作者均是欧洲的商业顾问，他们解释道，闷爆是倦怠的反义词，常常表现在三个方面：工作负担很轻，不受约束，乏味无聊。Lesson 24Additional Notes1. She finds lAdditional Notes3.As unemployment rates soar, Haase, Rothman, and others who feel underworked are quick to express appreciat

13、ion for having a job and a paycheck. (Line 1, Para. 9)哈泽、罗斯曼等等一些感到没有充分发挥工作才能的职员由于失业率大幅飚升，能有一份工作和薪水便会十分感激了。4. Maybe the boredom is a real message that you need to make a change. (Line 1, Para. 14)或许感到无聊是在传递一个重要信息：你得换一下工作了。Lesson 24Additional Notes3.As unemploymPhotos & DiagramsLesson 24Photos & Diagr

14、amsLesson 24Photos & DiagramsLesson 24Photos & DiagramsLesson 24Key to QuestionsA. working as a receptionist B. sportswriting C. working as a supervisor D. fundraising1. It can be seen from the article that what Nicole Haase really wants to do is _.Lesson 24Key to QuestionsA. working as Key to Quest

15、ions2. Doug Newberrys plan to start his own company has failed because _. A. he lacks after-work time to commit to it B. he lacks strong work enthusiasm C. he does not have enough funds D. he does not have work experience in that fieldLesson 24Key to Questions2. Doug Newber3. According to workplace

16、specialists, employees sensible response to underemployment in the present situation is _.A. noticing their boredom and thinking about what they can add to their jobB. devising smart strategies to look busyC. quitting the unchallenging jobD. telling the boss in a direct way about their dissatisfacti

17、on with the jobKey to QuestionsLesson 243. According to workplace spec4. Megan Rothman took the position of a marketing copywriter because _.A. she really liked the jobB. she was told that she would wear many hatsC. the pay was much higher than the averageD. she wanted to clear up the debtKey to Que

18、stionsLesson 244. Megan Rothman took the posi1. What does Haase do in a manufacturing firm in Milwaukee?She works as a receptionist and payroll administrator in a manufacturing firm in Milwaukee.Key to QuestionsLesson 241. What does Haase do in a man2. Why is she dissatisfied with the job? How does

19、she fill empty moments?She thinks that work is slow. She finds limited opportunities to take on more duties. She fills empty moments by emailing friends and working on freelance writing assignments.Key to QuestionsLesson 242. Why is she dissatisfied wit3. How pervasive and how serious is the problem

20、 of boreout in the US according to Rothlin and Werder?According to Rothlin and Werder, one third of workers in the US do not have enough to do. Underchallenged employees spend more than two hours a day on personal matters. Employees waste over $5,000 a year per worker on boreout.Key to QuestionsLess

21、on 243. How pervasive and how serio4. Why did Haase take the job she didnt really like?Haase took the job she didnt really like because she was saddled with student loans and needed a paycheck.Key to QuestionsLesson 244. Why did Haase take the job 5. Why does Megan Rothman suffer from boreout?Megan

22、Rothman suffers from boreout because her boss doesnt seem to be willing to accommodate her though she has asked to take on additional responsibilities.Key to QuestionsLesson 245. Why does Megan Rothman suff6. How does Megan Rothman spend her idle time?She divides her idle time equally between produc

23、tive tasks such as reading marketing blogs or doing writing exercises, and nonwork activities such as G-mail and My Space.Key to QuestionsLesson 246. How does Megan Rothman spen7. What advice does Bryant offer to employers concerned about boredom on the job?Bryant offers to employers concerned about

24、 boredom on the job this reminder: “People dont want to be bored. Given the opportunity, theyll be productive to their fullest ability.”Key to QuestionsLesson 247. What advice does Bryant offStructure AnalysisI. (1-2) Specific example of Nicole Haase II.(3-5)Rothlin and Werders book about boreout II

25、I. (6-9)Process of boreout formation IV.(10-19)Workplace specialists advice to employees struggling with boreout V. (20)Specialists advice to employers concerned about boredom on the jobLesson 24Structure AnalysisI. (1-2) SpeI. (12) Specific example of Nicole Haase 1. Having limited opportunities to

26、 take on more duties 2. Ways of filling empty momentsII. (35) Rothlin and Werders book about boreout 1. Pervasive problem in the US2. Three elements of boreout3. Cause of boreout and employees ways of pretending to be busyStructure AnalysisLesson 24I. (12) Specific example of NIII. (69) Process of b

27、oreout formation 1. Case of Haase2. Case of RothmanIV. (1019) Workplace specialists advice to employees struggling with boreout Remaining committed and connected to their employerNoticing their boredom and thinking about what they can add to their jobUsing a proper way to show to the supervisor what

28、 else theyre willing to take on in their workMaking an analysis of their situationStructure AnalysisLesson 24Structure AnalysisLesson 245. Other causes of underemployment and specialists adviceOverstaffing and taking shadow positionsBoredom serving as a message about the need for a changeCase of Dou

29、g NewberryCase of Haase6. Advice to those employees eager for greater challengesV. (20) Specialists advice to employers concerned about boredom on the job Structure AnalysisLesson 24Structure AnalysisLesson 24外报外刊阅读教程*（第二版） * 大学英语外报外刊阅读教程*（第二版） * 大学英语Lesson 22Structure AnalysisKey to Questions Photo

30、s & Diagrams Additional Notes Background InformationContentsLesson 22 The Angry AmericansLesson 22Structure AnalysisKeyThe Angry Americans By Marcela SanchezThe Angry Americans By MarceBackground Information After the disaster of September 11, 2001, as all 19 hijackers managed to pass existing check

31、points and board the aircraft, problems on the effectiveness of security questions were raised at the time. To lower the probability of this kind of event occurring again, security at many airports all around the world has been escalated. Two major public reactions to the attacks were a surge of pub

32、lic expressions of patriotism not seen since World War II: American flag can be seen anywhere on this land ; and as a big family, Americans in other parts of the United States shows an unprecedented level of respect, sympathy, and admiration for New York City and New Yorkers. Lesson 22Background Inf

33、ormation Afte Besides the man-made disaster, Hurricane Katrina of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season was the costliest natural disaster, one of the five deadliest hurricanes in the history of the United States. It was the sixth strongest overall in the record. At least 1,836 people died in the actua

34、l hurricane and in the following floods, making it the deadliest U.S. hurricane since the 1928 Okeechobee hurricane with $81 billion property damage, nearly triple the damage Hurricane Andrew caused in 1992. Background InformationLesson 22 Besides the man-made disas The Hurricane Katrina had major i

35、mplications for a large segment of the population, economy, and politics of the entire United States. A Congressional review of the Corps of Engineers was prompted. Experts agreed that the federally built flood protection systems had failed to protect the citys inhabitants Katrinas surge. It also st

36、imulated significant research into urban planning, real estate finance, and economic issues in the wake of a natural disaster. Background InformationLesson 22 The Hurricane Katrina had Additional Notesretrace ones steps: go back along the same road that you took the first time (Line 1, Para. 2 )原路折回

37、2. one too many ：more than necessary (Line 4, Para. 2 )太多3. maybe what we experienced that day were unfortunate coincidences in this usually civil city (Line 2, Para. 3 )或许，那天的经历是我们在这个通常文明的城市所碰到的不幸巧事。4. erosion of privacy(Line 4, Para. 4 ) 侵犯隐私5. lives of abundance (Line 6, Para. 4 )富裕的生活Lesson 22Ad

38、ditional Notesretrace ones Additional Notes6. But that call and all the optimism that the Democratic National Convention pumped over the airwaves came off as a veneer for the true rage that politicians know will drive people to the polls. (Line 4, Para. 6)但是，这个号召和民主党全国代表大会通过广播电视所表现出的乐观气氛掩盖了真实的愤怒情绪，政

39、客们知道这种情绪会驱使民众去投票。（to come off to turn out to be; veneer - an outer appearance of a particular quality that hides the true nature of sth）7. This kind of values debate leads to “profound social divisions” characterizing one side as the good guys and the other side as the bad guys.(Line 5, Para. 11 )对价

40、值观的辩论导致社会严重分化，其特点就是辩论一方要么是坏人要么是好人。Lesson 22Additional Notes6. But that caPhotos & DiagramsLesson 22Photos & DiagramsLesson 22Key to QuestionsMexico B. El Salvodor C. Colombia D. the US1. Among the following countries, which one ranks the lowest on measures of happiness and life satisfaction?Lesson 2

41、2Key to QuestionsMexico Key to Questions2. What the author means by the word “productive” in the last paragraph is _.increasing US GDP increasing Americans happinessC. increasing politicians chances of election D. strengthening Americans unityLesson 22Key to Questions2. What the au3. According to th

42、e article, what is needed to change peoples own assessment of life satisfaction is _.elevation of living standards culture of nonmaterialistic valuesC. peaceful life D. love of natureKey to QuestionsLesson 223. According to the article, w4. The authors attitude toward US politicians is _.supportive

43、B. critical C. sympathetic D. unknownKey to QuestionsLesson 224. The authors attitude towar1. Is the author a single mother? What does she mean by the term “single mother”?No, the author is neither single nor a mother. What she means by the term “single mother” is that she looked after her cousins 1

44、3-year-old daughter for eight weeks.Key to QuestionsLesson 22No, the author is neither sing2. What was the girls final impression of the US? Why had she got such an impression?Her final impression of the US was that every American seemed angry because all the service people at the airport had displa

45、yed anger and hostility.Key to QuestionsLesson 222. What was the girls final i3. What does the author think is the cause of Americans anger?The author thinks that agitation anxiety is the cause of Americans anger.Key to QuestionsLesson 223. What does the author think 4. What do many polls show about

46、 Americans mood? Many polls show Americans are dissatisfied with everything. They are angry about Iraq, angry over corporate pay and scandals, and angry at both political parties. They are frustrated with media, concerned about the rising cost of prescription drugs and worried about erosion of priva

47、cy.Key to QuestionsLesson 224. What do many polls show abo5. What do the politicians do about Americans anxiety? Politicians of both parties direct anxieties at the other side of the political spectrum and use the opportunity not for conciliation but to rile the masses and turn personal anxiety into

48、 public anger.Key to QuestionsLesson 225. What do the politicians do 6. What does the index of happiness seem to imply?The index of happiness seems to imply the revolutionary notion that money doesnt buy happiness. It also suggests that a deeper appreciation within a country or culture of nonmateria

49、listic value is necessary to change peoples own assessment of satisfaction.Key to QuestionsLesson 226. What does the index of happ7. What effects will the values debates produce?The values debates will lead to profound social divisions, new clashes and irritations, and in turn make people feel less

50、content with their everyday lives.Key to QuestionsLesson 227. What effects will the valueStructure AnalysisI. (1-3)Experience of angry treatment at the airport II.(4-7)Pervasive anger in the US III. (8-10)World Values Surveys findings IV.(11-12)Effects of values debatesLesson 22Structure AnalysisI.

51、(1-3)ExpeI. (13) Experience of angry treatment at the airport 1. Seeing off the cousins 13-year-old daughter 2. Anger displayed by the service people at the airport 3. Reason for the angerII. (47) Pervasive anger in the US 1. Polls finding about Americans anger 2. Politicians use of public anger for

52、 personal gains a. Intensifying public feeling of frustration b. Reason for doing so: to gain votes in electionStructure AnalysisLesson 22I. (13) Experience of angry tIII. (810) World Values Surveys findings 1. Difference between some developing countries and industrialized countries2. Latin America

53、n countries rankings on measures of happiness and life satisfaction3. Relationship between money and happinessIV. (1112) Effects of values debates 1. Leading to profound social debates2. More likely to make people feel less content with everyday lifeStructure AnalysisLesson 22III. (810) World Values

54、 Surve外报外刊阅读教程*（第二版） * 大学英语外报外刊阅读教程*（第二版） * 大学英语Lesson 23Structure AnalysisKey to Questions Photos & Diagrams Additional Notes Background InformationContentsLesson 23 Globally, Relligion Defies Easily Identified PatternsLesson 23Structure AnalysisKeyGlobally, Religion Defies Easily Identified Patter

55、ns By Peter SteinfelsGlobally, Religion Defies Easi Background InformationMost of the Europeans describe themselves as Christians, but they can be further divided into many denominations. Its usually advisable that the Christian denominations be classified into three categories: Catholicism, Eastern

56、 Christianity (consisting of Eastern Orthodox and Oriental Orthodox churches) and Protestantism, which will be introduced to you in the following. Roman Catholicism is the largest denomination of the three, and its adherents are mostly existing in Latin Europe (including France, Southern Belgium, Po

57、rtugal, Spain, and Italy), Ireland, Lithuania, Poland, Croatia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Hungary, and the Czech Republic, as well as the southern parts of Germanic Europe (comprising Austria, Luxembourg, Northern Belgium, Southern and Western Germany, and Liechtenstein). Eastern Orthodoxy (the churches a

58、re in full communion, i.e. they regard each other as local churches, members of one religious body).Lesson 23 Background InformationMost ofSeveral branches of it can be listed out as Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople, Russian Orthodox Church, Serbian Orthodox Church, Church of Greece, Cyprio

59、t Orthodox Church, Romanian Orthodox Church, Albanian Orthodox Church, Bulgarian Orthodox Church, and Georgian Orthodox Church. Protestantism mainly includes Independent Evangelical-Lutheran Church, Danish National Church, Estonian Evangelical Lutheran Church, Evangelical Lutheran ChurchSynod of Fra

60、nce and Belgium, Evangelical Church in Germany, Reformed Church in Hungary, Church of Sweden, Swiss Reformed Church. Secularization thesis refers to the belief that as societies “progress”, particularly through modernization and rationalization, religion loses its authority in all aspects of social