神经科学中英文名词

1、Tape1SideA中枢神经系Centralnervoussystem脊髓Spinalcord颈段Cervicalsegment颈膨大Cervicalenlargement胸段Thoracicsegment腰（紙）段Lumbarsegment腰膨大Lumbarenlargement脊髓圆锥Medullarycone终丝Terminalthread终室Terminalventricle前正中裂Anteriormedianfissure后正中沟Posteriormediansulcus后外侧沟Posterolateralsulcus后中间沟Posteriorintermediatesulcus脊髓

2、索Funiculiofspinalcord前索Anteriorfuniculus侧索Lateralfuniculus后索Posteriorfuniculus脊髓断面Sectionsofspinalcord中央管Centralcanal灰质Graymatter灰质柱Graycolumn刖柱Anteriorcolumn侧柱Lateralcolumn后柱Posteriorcolumn前角Anteriorhorn侧角Lateralhorn后角Posteriorhorn后尖角Tipofposteriorhorn中间灰质中央部Centreofintermediategraymatter中间灰质外侧部Lat

3、eralportionofintermediategraymatter胶状质Gelatinoussubstance背核Dorsalnucleus网状结构Raticularformation白质Whitematter白质前连合 静脉堵塞Venousobstruction静脉窦Venoussinuses脑水肿Brainswelling出血性脑梗塞Haemorrgagicinfarction梗阻性脑积水Obstructivehydrocephalus脉络丛Choroidplexuses侧室Lateralventricles室间孔Interventricularforamen导水管Agueductof

4、sylvious小脑幕缘Edgeofthetentorialhiatus失状窦Sagittalsinus头痛Headache视乳头水肿Papilloedema呕吐Vomiting精神障碍Mentaldisorder昏睡Drowsiness人格变化Personalitychange严重痴呆Profounddementia偏头痛Migraine局灶性神经科异常Focalneurologicaldisorders视觉现象Visualphenomena闪光暗点Forticationspectra偏盲Hemianopia失明Blindness感觉异常Paraesthesiae言语困难Dysphasia麻

5、木Numbness诱发因索Precipitatingfactors月经Menstruation情绪紧张Emotionalstress衰竭Alarmingprostration身心的症状Psychosomaticsymptoms三叉分布Trigeminaldistribution颈椎关节强硬Cervicalspondylosis假性脑膜炎Meningism颍动脉炎Temporalarteritis眼底Opticfundus原发性视神经萎缩Primaryopticatrophy肯尼迪综合征（脑前叶综合征）Fosterkennedysyndrome咽下困难Dysphagia发音困难Dysphonia

6、呼吸困难Dyspnea眼底镜Funduscope窦栓塞Sinusthrombosis前卤门张力Fontanelletension扩展（占位）病变Expandinglesion癫痫Epilepsy眩晕Vertigo头晕Dizziness晕厥Fainting假性视乳头水肿Pseudopapilloedema球后神经炎Retrobulbarneuritis眶内肿瘤Orbitaltumor妊娠Pregnancy非定位性神经症状Non-localisingmentalsymptoms慢性遗忘综合征Chronicamnesticsyndrome意识模糊Cloudingofconsciousness额叶综合

7、征Frontallobesyndromes即抵体Corpuscallosum局部定向障碍Topographicaldisorientation精神病学家Psychiatrist脑萎缩Cerebralatrophy早老性痴呆Preseniledementia偏瘫Hemiplegia脑动脉硬化Cerebralarteriosclerosis假性球麻痹Pseudobulbarpalsy精神病Psychosis定位症状体征Localisingsymptomsandsigns症状学Symptomatology对比剂放射学Contrastradiology颅内肿瘤的解剖分类Anatomicalclassi

8、ficationofintracranialtumours幕上Supratentorial侧而的，旁边的Lateral额,顶,甌枕Frontalparietaltemporaloccipital中线的Central三室前Anteriorthirdventrical基低节Basalganglia室间孔Foramenofmonro购氐体Corpuscallosum鞍区和鞍旁Sellarandparasellar幕下Infratentorial侧而的Lateral小脑半球Cerebellarhemisphere桥脑小脑角Cerebello-pontineangle中线的Central蚓部Vermis

9、枕大孔Foramenmagnum四室Fourthventricll裂孔Hiatus发作Episode抽搐Convulsion特发性癫痫Idiopathicepilepsy运动性失语Motordysphasia感觉性失语Sensorydysphasia命名性失语Nominaldysphasia书写困难Dysgraphia书写不佳Agraphia失读Alexia诵读困难Dyslexia精神混乱Mentalconfusion构音困难Dysarthria含糊语言Slurredspeech顶叶空间感觉障碍Parietalspatialdisorders肢体Limbs失嗅Anosmia前颅凹肿物Anter

10、iorfossamasses同名性偏盲Homonymoushemianopia对诊法Confrontation感觉运动异常Sensorimotordisturbance巴氏征Extensorplantarreflex腹壁反射Abdominalreflex力弱Weakness实体觉缺失Astereognosis关节位置觉Jointpositionsense胶样囊肿ColloidCyst打呵Yawning锥体纤维Pryamidalfibers内分泌紊乱Endrocrineimbalance视交叉受累Chiasmalcompression双颍偏盲Bitemporalhemianopia外上四分z象限

11、Upperquadrant视力Visualacuity下丘脑核Hypothalamicnuclei垂体柄Pituitarystalk性机能减退Hypogonadism甲状腺机能减退Hypothyroidism肾上腺皮质机能不足Adrenocorticaldeficiency尿崩症Diabetesinsipidus肥胖Obesity侏儒Dwarfism海绵窦综合征Cavernoussinussyndroms面痛Facialpain角膜感觉缺失Cornealanasthesia动眼神经瘫Oculomotorpalsy上脸下垂Ptosis复视Diplopia眼外肌Externalocularmusc

12、les视力模糊Burringofvision后颅凹Posteriorfossa恶性质Cachexic酸中毒Acidotic眼震Nystagmus肢体共济失调Limbataxia躯干共济失调Trunkalataxia蹒珊步态Staggeringwidebasedgait摇动Sway意向震颤Intentiontremor耳聋Deafness热反应Caloricreaction后组颅神经Bulbarnerves三叉神经痛Trigeminalneuralgia鉴别诊断Differentialdiagnosis脱鞘病Demyelinatingdisorders良性高颅压Benignintracrania

13、lhypertension颖下减压Subtemporaldecompression耳炎性脑积水Otitichydrocephalus红细胞增多Polycythaemia慢性肺气肿Chronicemphysema脑移位Brainshift脑疝Herniation去脑强直Decerebraterigidity颈强直Stiffneck房颤Auricularfibrillation亚急性细菌性心内膜炎Subacutebacterialendocarditis神经梅毒Neurosyphilis转移癌Metastatictumour头颅平片PlainskullX-ray后前位Postero-anterio

14、r蝶骨翼Sphenoidalwings前后位Antero-posterior后床窦Posteriorclinoidprocesses岩骨Petrousbones垂体窝Pituitaryfossa穹窿部的血管迹Vascularmarkingsonvault钙化Calcification脑电图Electroencephalogram颈动脉血管造影Carotidangiography胶质瘤Glioma星形细胞瘤Astrocytoma胶母细胞瘤Glioblastoma髓骨细胞瘤Medulloblastoma室管膜瘤Ependymoma少枝胶质瘤Oligodendroglioma脑膜瘤Meningiom

15、a难染性腺瘤Chromophobeadenoma嗜酸性腺瘤Eosinophiladenoma颅咽管瘤Craniopharyngioma神经瘤Neuroma听神经瘤Acoustictumours血管母细胞瘤Haemangioblastoma恶性的Malignant奇异现象Paradox松果体瘤Pinealtumour分流Short-Circuitingprocedures预后Prognosis先天性肿瘤Congenitaltumour神经胶质增生Gliosis脓肿Abscess蛛网膜下腔出血Subarachnoidhaemorrhage退行发育，间变Anaplasia活检Biopsy形成因索Ca

16、usatirefactor头皮瘢迹ScalpScar不可达到的Inaccessible缓和Remission癌瘤Carcinomatosis畸胎瘤Teratoma上皮样成分Epithelialelements胆脂瘤Cholesteatoma珍珠瘤Pearlytumours上皮样囊肿Epidermoidscyst脊索瘤Cordoma姑息的方法Palliativeprocedures降低脑压Reducingbraintension控制呼吸Controlledrespiration高渗液Hypertonicsolutions低温Hypothermia低血压Hypotension探查Explorati

17、on放疗Radiotherapy放疗敏感的肿瘤Radiosensitivetumours并发症Complications细胞毒药Cytotoxicdrugs皮瓣Scalpflap骨瓣Boneflap发热和感染Pyrexiaandinfection中枢性高热Centralhyperpyrexia伤口感染Woundinfection脑膜炎Meningitis尿路感染Urinaryinfection腮腺炎Parotitis骨髓炎Osteomyelitis预防性抗抽搐药Prophylacticanticonvulsants癫痫持续状态Statusepilepticus角膜炎Keratitis睑缝术Ta

18、rsorraphy可疑肿瘤复发Suspectedtumourrecurrence颅内血肿Intracranialclot标准Criteria意识恶化Deterioratingconscionslevel同侧瞳孔扩大Dilatedipsilateralpupil脉搏减慢Fallingpulserate軒息状周期呼吸Stertorousperiodicrespiration硬膜外血块Extraduralclot硬膜内血块Intraduralclot沾血的敷料Blood-soakeddressings缝线脓肿Stitchabscesses蜂窝织炎Cellulitis抗菌索Antibiotics脑脊液漏CSFleak鼻溢Rhinorrhoea血性液Bloodstainedfluid鞘内Intrathecal肺栓塞Pulmonaryembol