完形填空解题技巧名师优质课赛课一等奖市公开课获奖课件

完形填空技巧训练

第1页完形填空命题特点：1.短文长度300词左右，记叙文、说明文和议论文为主。记叙文故事情节多有波折，结果出乎意料，是幽默所在；议论文结构严谨层次分明，有很多对仗现象。2.首句无空格，提供语境。5-10词设一空，人名、地名、日期、数字不在之列。3.选项多为一词，偶会为词组。四选项为同一类词或属同一范围，或近义或形异义，或与前后配成词组。故干扰性、迷性大。有时单独看一句话语法都是正确，但依据上下文只有一个正确答案。第2页4.考查单词以实词(v,n,adj,adv,pron.)为主，虚词(conj.,prep.)为辅。实词普通占80%-90%。5.以考查学生对文章整体了解（篇章逻辑题）和词汇意义（词汇题）把握为主。有些要结合常识才能正确选项；有些甚至要求在通篇了解基础上，正确把握上下文逻辑关系，才能正确判断和选择。6.有些空格答案由上文决定（前置性设空），有些由后文决定（后置性设空），有些要综合上下文才能得到答案（语篇性设空），以后置性设空为主。第3页英语完形填空解题步骤速览全文，把握大意。细读首句，摸清文路。瞻前顾后，准确选择。复核全文，调整答案。做完形填空必须读懂文章，前后逻辑一致；完形填空每个小题正确答案都是有充分依据，能够在文章汇总找到详细突破口也就是信息点。解题时应联络上下文寻找相关线索，如某一个词原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词和概括词等。≈2mins≈10mins≈2mins≈1mins第4页答题方法：1）择优法：依据文章及结构边读边填，假如能够立刻判定最正确答案，无须再去逐一考证其余答案。2）排除法：如答案一时难以确定，可按空格位置，从语法结构、词语搭配、上下文语境、习惯使用方法、词义辨析等方面，对选项逐项分析试填。排除干扰项，从而确定正确答案。第5页Herearesome

Basicskillsof

cloze第6页Skill1:Highlightthefirstsentenceorparagragh.(重视首句或伎俩，推测主旨大意。)

IfyouhavenotalreadybeentoMorocco,Iurgeyoutoputitnextonyourlist.Africa21aworldcompletelydifferenttothatofEurope,22awarmer,morefragrantandmorecolorfulone!Productsarecheapbutthe23isnot.Whatdoesthefirstsentencetellus?Theauthorencourages

peopletoMoroccototravel.Whatdoyouknowfromthefirstparagragh?TravellinginAfricaisverydifferentfromthatin

Europe.第7页Skill2:Choosingbycontext(上下文、语境)eg1.

Ihadthegood

24

tospendfivedaysthereduringmyholidays.Westayedinabeautifulhotelwhichcostfiveeurosanightwithfreebreakfast.AsistraditionalinMorocco,weweresuppliedwithmanycupsofmint（薄荷）teaaswell.…24.A.possibilityB.courageC.fortuneD.TimeC第8页eg2.Duringourstayherewedecidedtobe

28andvisittheSahara.Itmayhavebeenninehours'29

butitwasdefinitelyworththelongminibusride!28.A.relaxedB.abnormalC.uniqueD.Adventurous29.A.drive B.walk C.flightD.Voyage29A28D第9页Skill3：logic（逻辑推理）eg2.Wezoomedthrough（穿过）themountainsandround（围绕）thebigcorners.Afterninehourswe

arrivedatthemouthoftheSahara.We

tookacamelridetowherewehadourcamp.Thiswas

32byarichmealandaheart—warmingbonfire(篝火)withmusic.Itwasawonderfulwaytohavesomeinsightinto（洞察）lifeinthedesertandhowthepeoplethere

33.

32.A.abandonedB.accompaniedC.followedD.replaced33.A.surviveB.escapeC.lastD.standCA第10页1.动词、名词、形容词等与介词搭配Westayedinabeautifulhotelwhichcostfiveeurosanightwithfreebreakfast.AsistraditionalinMorocco,wewere26withmanycupsofmint（薄荷）teaaswell.A.suppliedB.coveredC.equippedD.exchangedSkill4:Choosingby

meaningsofwordsandexpressions(词汇和短语使用方法)A第11页2.及物动词和不及物动词使用方法：eg2.Wezoomedthroughthemountainsandroundthebigcorners.Afterninehourswe

30atthemouthoftheSahara.30.A.reachedB.arrivedC.enteredD.LeftSkill4:Choosingby

meaningsofwordsandexpressions(词汇和短语使用方法)B第12页3.同词复现（同义词、近义词、反义词等重现）：首句：IfyouhavenotalreadybeentoMorocco,Iurgeyoutoputitnextonyourlist.…尾句：ThiswasprobablythebestexperienceofmylifeandIwould40anyoneelsetotakeonthisadventure!40.A.agreeB.encourageC.declineD.promiseSkill4:Choosingby

meaningsofwordsandexpressions(词汇和短语使用方法)B第13页。Skill5:Choosingbygrammar(语法分析)

eg.Wesawshootingstars(流星)andthenomads（牧民）sleptunderthestarsinthedesert

37

itisvery,verycoldatnight!Howeverourtentswereverybigandquiteluxurious(奢侈)withmattresses（床垫）inside__38___rugs（地毯）laiddowneverywhere.37.A.because B.evenifC.sinceD.sothat38.A.andB.butC.orD.besidesBA第14页温馨提醒：语法分析主要分析句子结构：长句难句、依据句与句之间逻辑关系选择连接词。递进关系：besides,inaddition等转折关系：however,but,unfortunately,onthecontrary等。因果或目关系：because,since,for,as,so,therefore,inorderto,consequently等。表示例举关系：forexample,forinstance,suchas,thatistosay,inotherwords或“﹣”“：”等标点符号。）表示条件：if,unless,once等表示时间：before,after,when,while,until等第15页

Skill6:Choosingbycommonsense(常识)eg1.

IfyouhavenotalreadybeentoMorocco,Iurgeyoutoputitnextonyourlist.AfricaoffersaworldcompletelydifferenttothatofEurope,mainlyawarmer,morefragrantandmorecolorfulone!Productsarecheapbutthe23isnot.23.A.quantityB.weightC.impressionD.quality

D第16页

Skill6:Choosingbycommonsense(常识)eg2.AsistraditionalinMorocco,weweresuppliedwithmanycupsofmint（薄荷）teaaswell.Thereyoucoulddocookeryclasses,

27ontheroof,andeatadelicioustagine（泰琼羊肉）.27.A.showerB.sunbatheC.sunburnD.settle

B第17页TheskillsoffinishingCloze?Whatdowelearntoday?Skill1:Highlight首句或伎俩，推测主旨大意。Skill2:Choosingby上下文、语境Skill3:Choosingby逻辑推理Skill4:Choosingby词汇和短语使用方法Skill5:Choosingby语法分析(句子结构：长句、难句、连接词)Skill6:Choosingby常识第18页完形填空四利用：1.利用复现或同类词汇答题。2.利用前后文对仗关系。3.利用上下文逻辑关系。4.生活常识。第19页完形填空三忌