2022年同等学力申硕英语真题B卷

同等学力申硕英语真题（B卷）

PartOne(90minutes)Part1Dialoguecommunication(10minutes,10points,1foreach)SectionADialoguecompletionDirections:Inthissection,youwillread5shortincompletedialoguesbetweentwospeakers,eachfollowedby4choicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Choosetheanswerthatbestsuitsthesituationtocompletethedialogue.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.1.A:Dangavemeafreeridehome,butIpaidforthegas.B:Youknowwhattheysay,____.AonegoodturndeservesanotherBthere’snofreelunchCit’swhoyouknowthatcountsDdon’tbiteoffmorethanyoucanchew2.A:DavidsaidheboughtanewBMWfor$5,000!B:_____.Soundsprettycheaptome!A:Well,that’swhathesaid.ACometothinkofit.BAreyousure?CDoyouthinkso?DIshecrazy?3.A:WejustcamebackfromPhoenix.Andwehadthebestvacationinyears.B:____.I’mgladtohearit.AHowwasit?BOh,mygoodness!CGoodforyou.DOh,thereyougoagain.4.A:Ijustcan’tstandthisclassanymore?B:____.It’srequired,andyouhavetositinitinordertograduate.AWhy,youcansaythatagain!BWell,whynotjustdropoutofit?CWhy,Icouldn’tagreemore!DWell,youmightaswellgetusedtoit.5.A:Idon’tknowaboutyou,butIthoughtthatfilmwasterrific.B:____.Theactionwasgreat,andsowasthemusic.AI’mwithyouthereBJustthesame.CMoreorless.DIsuredo.SectionBDialogueComprehensionDirections:Inthissection,youwillread5shortconversationsbetweenamanandawoman.Attheendofeachconversationthereisaquestionfollowedby4choicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Choosethebestanswertothequestionfromthe4choicesbymarkingthecorrespondingletterwithsinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.6.Woman:I’mtiredofdrivingallthewaytoworkandbackeveryday.Ifonlycarscoulddrivethemselves!Man:Well,somecarmanufacturesareworkingonthem.Iguessyou’llsoonbuyoneifyoucanaffordit.Question:Whatdoesthemanimply?ACarsthatdrivethemselvesmaybeveryexpensive.BThewomanwillbeabletobuyanintelligentcar.CHeisworkingwithacarproduceronintelligentcars.DDrivingtoworkisreallyaheadache.7.Woman:I’drathernottalkaboutit.Justdon’task.Man:Comeon.Ithinkyouneedtoletoffsomesteam.Question:Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?ATokeepthesecret.BTotalktohimabouttheproblem.CToreducetheworkload.DTohaveagoodrest.8.Woman:Julie’sdresslooksfunny.Thatstylewentoutlastyear.Man:Oh,comeon,aslongasitlooksgoodonher.Question:Whatdoesthemantrytoemphasize?AJulie’sdressisnotoutdated.BJulie’sdressdoesnotsuither.CJulielooksfineinthatdress.DJulieshouldfollowthefashion.

9.Man:Whatkindofsnacksdoyouprefer?Woman:Oh,I’vegotasweettooth,youknow.Question:Whatdoesthewomanprobablylike?ASandwich.BHotdogs.CPotatochips.DIcecream.

10.Man:Annie,howdoesitnotevencrossyourmindthatyoumightwantafuturewithsomeone?Woman:It’ssimple.Idon’tmindbeingmarriedtomaycareer.Question:What’sAnnie’sattitudetowardsherfuture?AShewillstaywithsomeoneunmarried.BShewillliveasimplelife.CShewillfullyfocusonherjob.DShewillquitherjobtogetmarried.PartIIVocabulary(20minutes,10points,0.5foreach)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereare10sentences,eachwithonewordorphraseunderlined.Choosetheonefromthe4choicesmarkedA,B,C,andDthatbestkeepsthemeaningofthesentence.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.11.Thetendencyofthehumanbodytorejectforeignmatteristhemainobstacletosuccessfulorgantransplantation.AfactorBconstituentCbreakDbarrier12.WheneveryouneedTom,heisalwaystherewhetheritbeanearorahelpinghand,soyoucanalwaysleanonhim.AbenefitfromBcountonCstandforDstickto13.Thenewsreportscompletelyoverlookedthemoreprofoundpoliticalimplicationsoftheevents.AforesawBneglectedCexploredDassessed14.Teachersandnurseswhodealwithchildrenareobligedtoreportcasesofsuspectedchildabusetoauthorities.AremindedBexpectedCrequestedDcompelled15.Yourgradewillbebasedinlargepartontheoriginalityofyourideas.ApopularityBcreativityCfeasibilityDflexibility16.Wesuspectthereisaquiredeliberateattempttosabotagetheelectionsandunderminetheelectoralcommission.AconsciousBdesperateCintentionalDclumsy17.SostrangewerethecircumstancesofmystorythatIcanscarcelybelievemyselftohavebeenapartytothem.AhardlyBjustCalmostDdefinitely18.Smokeparticlesandotherairpollutantsareoftentrappedintheatmosphere,thusformingdirtyfog.AcaughtBconstrainedCconcealedDconcentrated19.Employeesinchemicalfactoriesareentitledtoreceiveextrapayfordoinghazardouswork,ApoisonousBdifficultCharmfulDdangerous20.CurtCarlson,thewealthiestmaninMinnesota,ownedahotelandtravelcompanywithsalesreachingintheneighborhoodof$9billion.ApreciselyBmerelyCapproximatelyDsubstantiallySectionBDirections:Inthissection,thereare10incompletesentences.Foreachsentencethereare4choicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.21.Susannevertookanycookerycourses;shelearnedcookingby____usefultipsfromTVcookeryprograms.AbringingupBpickingupCputtingupDpullingup22.ThePresident_____hisdeputytoactforhimwhilehewasabroad.ApromotedBsubstitutedCdisplacedDauthorized23.It____withoutsayingthatconsumerswouldbehappierifpriceswerelower.AtakesBappearsCgoesDmakes24.Theworldeconomicrecessionputan____endtothesteelmarketupturnthatbeganin.AirregularBillegalCabsurdDabrupt

25.I’m____abouthowyoudiscoveredmywebsite,andamverygladifyouenjoyit.AmysteriousBfuriousCseriousDcurious

26.TheLaborParty’selectoralstrategy,basedonan____withothersmallerparties,hasprovedsuccessful.AacquaintanceBintegrationCintimacyDalliance

27.Thenewaircraftwillbe____toatestoftemperaturesof-65℃and120AsuspendedBsuppressedCsubjectedDsummoned

28.ThemoneyIgotfromteachingonthesidewasauseful____tomyordinaryincome.AsupplementBprofitCsubsidyDreplacement

29.Chinesepeoplearenowenjoyingbetterdentalhealth,asshownbythedeclining____oftoothdecay.AincidenceBtreatmentCconsequenceDmisfortune

30.Manycountrieshaveconversationprogramstopreventcertain____offishfrombecomingextinct.AsourcesBspeciesCnumbersDmembersPartIIIReadingComprehension(45minutes,30points,1foreach)Directions:Thereare5passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedby6questionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemthereare4choicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Choosethebestoneandmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.PassageOnePeoplearelivinglongerthanever,butforsomereason,womenarelivinglongerthanmen.AbabyboybornintheUnitedStatesincanexpectstolivetobeabout73,ababygirl,about79.thisisindeedawidegap,andnoonereallyknowswhyitexists.Thegreaterlongevity（长寿）ofwomen,however,hasbeenknownforcenturies.Itwas,forexample,describedintheseventeenthcentury.However,thedifferencewassmallerthen–thegapisgrowing.Anumberofreasonshavebeenproposedtoaccountsforthedifferences.Thegapisgreatestinindustrializedsocieties,soithasbeensuggestedthatwomenarelesssusceptibletoworkstrainsthatmayraisetheriskofheartdiseaseandalcoholism.Sociologistsalsotellusthatwomenareencouragedtobelessadventurousthanmen(andthismaybewhytheyaremorecarefuldrivers,involvedinfeweraccidents).Evensmokinghasbeenimplicatedintheagediscrepancy.Itwasoncesuggestedthatworkingwomenaremorelikelytosmokeandasmorewomenenteredtheworkforce,theagegapwouldbegintoclose,becausesmokingisrelatedtoearlierdeaths.Now,however,weseemorewomensmokingandtheystilltendtolivelongeralthoughtheirlungcancerrateisclimbingsharply.Onepuzzlingaspectoftheproblemisthatwomendonotappeartobeashealthyasmen.Thatis,theyreportfarmoreillnesses.Butwhenamanreportsanillness,itismorelikelytobeserious.Someresearchershavesuggestedthatmenmaydieearlybecausetheirhealthismorestronglyrelatedtotheiremotions.Forexample,mentendtodiesoonerafterlosingaspousethanwomendo.Menevenseemtobemoreweakenedbylossofajob.(Bothofthesearelinkedwithamarkeddecreaseintheeffectivenessoftheimmunesystem.)Amongmen,deathfollowsretirementwithanalarmingpromptness.Perhapswearesearchingfortheanswerstooclosetothesurfaceoftheproblem.Perhapstheanswersliedeeperinourbiologicalheritage.Afterall,thephenomenonisnotisolatedtohumans.Femaleshavetheedgeamongvirtuallyallmammalian(哺乳动物旳)species,inthattheygenerallylivelonger.Furthermore,inmanyofthesespeciesthedifferencesbeginatthemomentofconception;therearemoremalemiscarriages（流产）.Inhuman,afterbirth,morebabyboysthanbabygirlsdie.31.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?AMen’slifespanremainsalmostunchanged.BResearchershavefoundthecauseoftheagegap/CTheagegapwasnoticedonlyrecently.DThemoreadvancedasociety,thegreatertheagegap.32.AsissuggestedinParagraph2,thetwofactorsrelevanttowomen’slongerlifespanare____.AdiseasesandroadaccidentsBindustrializationandworkstrainsCtheirenduranceofworkstrainsandreluctanceforadventureDtheirimmunitytoheartdiseaseandrefusalofalcohol

33.AccordingtoParagraph3,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?AThegreatnumberofmalesmokerscontributestotheagegap.BThegrowingnumberofsmokingwomenwillnarrowtheagegap.CSmokingdoesnotseemtoaffectwomen’slongevity.DFemaleworkersaremorelikelytosmokethanmakeworkers.

34.Whichofthefollowingphenomenamakesresearcherspuzzled?AThroughmoreliabletoillnesses,womenstilllivelonger..BMen’shealthismorecloselyrelatedtotheiremotionsCMenshowworsesymptomsthanwomenwhentheyfallill.DQuiteanumberofmendiesoonaftertheirretirement.

35.Theword”edge”inParagraph6means“_____”.AmarginBsideCqualityDadvantage

36.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?AThatwomenarehealthierthanmenwellexplainstheirlongevity.BThegreaterlongevityofwomenremainsamystery.CPeoplearelivinglongerasaresultofindustrialization.DWomenarelessemotionallyaffectedbydifficultiesinlife.

PassageTwoUntillastspring,NiaParkerandtheotherkidsinherneighborhoodcommutedtoschoolonBus59.Butasfuelpricesrose,theschooldistrictneededtofindawaytocutitstransportationcosts.Sotheschool’sbusingcompanyredrewitsroutemap,eliminatingNia’sbusaltogether.NowNiaandherneighborstravelthehalfmiletoschoolviaa“walkingschoolbus”—agroupofkids,supervisedbyanadultortwo,whomakethewalktogether.Liketherestofus,schooldistrictsarefeelingpinchedbyrisingfuelcosts—andfindingnewwaytoadapt.Thepriceofdieselfuelhasgoneup34percentinthepasttwoyears.ForthetypicalAmericanschooldistrict,busbillstotal5percentofthebudget.Asadministratorslooktotrim,busingisaninvitingtarget,sinceitdoesn’taffectclassroominstruction(ortestscores).MorethanonethirdofAmericanschooladministratorshaveeliminatedbusstopsorroutesinordertostaywithinbudget.Manyparentsaredelightedtoseetheirkidswalkingtoschool,partlybecausemanydidsothemselves:accordingtoa1969survey,nearlyhalfofschoolkidswalkedorbikedtoschool,comparedwithonly16percentin.modernparentshavebeenunwillingtoletkidswalktoschoolforfearoftraffic,crimeorsimplebullying,butwithorganizedadultsupervision,thoseconcernshavediminished.Schoolsandbusingcompaniesarefindingotherwaystosave.Inruralareaswherebusingisamust,someschoolshaveevenchosenfour-dayschoolweeks.Busingcompaniesinstructdriverstoeliminateextrastopsfromroutesandtoturnofftheenginewhileidling.Theyarealsousingcomputersoftwaretodeterminethemostfuel-efficientroutes,whicharen’talwaystheshortestones.Therecouldbedownsides,however,tothebusingcutbacks.Ifeveryformerlybusedstudentbeginswalkingtoschool,it’sanenvironmentalwin—butiftoomanyoftheirparentsdecidetodrivetheninstead,theoverallcarbonfootprintcangrow.Replacingbuseswithmanymoreparent-drivencarscanalsoincreasesafetyrisks:Areportconcludedstudentsare13timessaferonaschoolbusthaninapassengercar,sincebuseshavefeweraccidentsandwithstandthembetterduetotheirsize.Andsomestudentscomplainaboutthelongmorninghikes,particularlywhentheroutecontainsareallybighill.

37.The“walkingschoolbus”_____.AaimstokeepchildrenfitBdoesnotconsumefuelCseldomcausestrafficjamsDispopularwithschoolkids

38.InAmericatheresponsibilityforbusingkidstoschoollieswith____.AschooldistrictsBindividualschoolsCteacherDparents

39.Asregardswalkingtoschool,modernparentsseemmuchconcernedwiththe_____.AtimespentonthewayBchangesintherouteCsafetyoftheirchildrenDkid’sphysicalstrength

40.Tosavemoney,someschoolschooseto_____.AshortentheschoolweekBtaketheshortestroutesCgivedrivesbettertrainingDusefuelefficientbuses

41.Busingcutbacksmayeventuallyleadto_____.AfiercercompetitionamongbuscompaniesBmorestudentstakingpublictransportationCadecreaseinthesafetyofschoolbusesDanincreaseincarbondioxideemissions

42.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetowardsbusingcutbacks?AFavorableBCriticalCIndifferentDObjective

PassageThree

Ifyouhaven’theardorseenanythingaboutRoadRageinthelastfewmonthyou’veprobablybeenavoidingthemedia.Therehavebeencountlessstoriesaboutthenewandscaryphenomenon,consideredatypeofaggressivedriving.Youhavemorelikelyencounteredaggressivedrivingand/orRoadRagerecentlyifyoudriveatall.Whiledrunkdrivingremainsacriticalproblem,thefactsaboutaggressivedrivingaresurelyasdisturbing.Forinstance,accordingtotheNationalHighwayTransportationSafetyAssociation,41,907peoplediedonthehighwaylastyear.Ofthosefatalities,theagencyestimatesthatabouttwo-thirdswerecausedatleastinpartbyaggressivedrivingbehavior.Whyisthisphenomenonoccurringmorethanevernow,andwhyisitsomethingthatseemedalmostnonexistentafewshortyearsago?Expertshaveseveraltheories,andallareprobablypartiallycorrect.Onesuggestionissheertoovercrowding.Inthelastdecade,thenumberofcarsontheroadshasincreasedbymorethan11percents,andthenumberofmilesdrivenhasincreasedby35percent.However,thenumberofnewroadmileshasonlyincreaseby1percent.Thatmeansmorecarsinthesameamountofspace;andtheproblemismagnifiedinurbanareas.Also,peoplehavelesstimeandmorethingstodo.Withpeopleworkingandtryingtofitextrachores(琐事)andactivitiesintotheday,stresslevelshaveneverbeenhigher.Stresscreatesanxiety,whichleadstoshorttempers.Thesefactors,whencombinedincertainsituations,canspellRoadRage.Youmaythinkyouarethelastpersonwhowoulddriveaggressively,butyoumightbesurprised.Forinstance,haveyoueveryelledoutloudataslowerdriver,oundedthehornlongandhardatanothercar,orspeduptokeepanotherdriverfromassign?Ifyourecognizeyourselfinanyofthesesituations,watchout!Whetheryouaregettingangryatotherdrivers,oranotherdriverisvisiblyupsetwithyou,therearethingsyoucandotoavoidanymajorconfrontation.IfyouaresceptibletoRoadRage,thekeyistodischargeyouremotioninahealthyway.Ifyouarethetargetofanotherdriver’srage,doeverythingpossibletogetawayfromtheotherdriversafety,includingavoidingeyecontactandgettingoutoftheirway.

43.ThefirstsentenceinParagraph1impliesthat_____.ARoadRagehasreceivedmuchmediacoverageinthelastfewmonthsBpeoplenotinterestedinthemediaknowlittleaboutrecenthappeningsConemayberagedbymediareportsandwantstoavoidthemDthemediacoinedtheterm“RoadRage”onlyafewmonthsago

44.AccordingtotheNationalHighwayTransportationSafetyAssociation,lastyear_____.AmorepeoplewerekilledbyaggressivedrivingthanbydrunkdrivingBdrunkdrivingremainedtheNo.1killeronthehighwayCtwothirdsofdriverswerekilledbyaggressivedrivingD41,907peoplefellvictimtoaggressivedriving

45.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasacauseofaggressivedriving?AIncreasingnumberofcarsBDrivers’stressandanxietyCRushhourtrafficDOvercrowdedroads

46.Theword“spell”inParagraph3means”_____”.AcauseBspeakCdescribeDspare

47.Whichofthefollowingcharacterizesaggressivedriving?ATalkingwhiledrivingBDrivingfastCSoundingthehornwhenpassingDYellingatanotherdriver

48.Thelastparagraphisintendedto_____.AinformpeoplehowaggressivedriverscouldbeBtellpeoplehowtocopewithRoadRageCtellpeoplehowtocontrolthemselveswhenangryDwarnpeopleagainsteyecontactwithanotherdriver

PassageFour

Manyareawareofthetremendouswasteofenergyinourenvironment,butfailtotakeadvantageofstraightforwardopportunitiestoconservethatenergy.Forexample,everyoneknowsthatlightsshouldbeswitchedoffwhennooneisinanoffice.Similarly,whenemployeesarenotusingameetingroom,thereisnoneedtoregulatetemperature.Fortunately,oneneednotrelyonhumaninterventiontoconserveenergy.Withthehelpofsmartsensingandnetworktechnology,energyconservationprocessessuchasturningofflightsandadjustingtemperaturecanbereadilyautomated.Ultimately,thistechnologywillenableconsumersandplantmanagerstobetteridentifywastefulenergyuseandinstituteproceduresthatleadtosmarterandmoreefficienthomes,buildingsandindustrialplants.Untilnow,wiresandcablesforpowerandconnectivityhavelimitedthewidespreadadoptionofsensor(传感器)networksbymakingthemdifficultandexpensivetoinstallandmaintain.Battery-poweredwirelessnetworkscansimplifyinstallationandreducecost.Buttheirhighpowerconsumptionandthecorrespondingneedforregularbatteryreplacementhasmadewirelessnetworksdifficultandcostlytomaintain.Nobodywantstoreplacehundredsorthousandsofwindowsensorbatteriesinalargebuildingonaregularbasis.Thepromiseofwirelesssensornetworkscanonlybefullyrealizedwhenthewiringforboththedatacommunicationandthepowersupplyiseliminated.Doingsorequiresatruebattery-freewirelesssolution,onethatcanutilizeenergyharvesteddirectlyfromtheenvironments.Tofacilitatethewidespreaddeploymentofwirelesssensornetworks,Greenpeakhasdevelopedanultra-low-powercommunicationtechnologythatcanutilizeenvironmentalenergysourcessuchaslight,motionandvibration.Thistechnology,employingon-boardpowermanagementcircuitsandcomputersoftwaretomonitorenergyharvestersandmakethebestuseofharvestedenergy,enablessensorstooperatereliablyinabattery-freeenvironment.Wirelesssensornetworksdeployedinoutofficesandhomeswillhaveanenormousimpactonourdailylives,helpingtobuildasmarterworldinwhichenergyisrecycledandfullyutilized.Thesewirelessplatforms,equippedwithadvancedsensingcapability,willenableustobettercontrolourlives,homesandenvironment,creatingatrulyconnectedworldthatenablespeopleworldwidetoliveinamorecomfortable,safer,andcleanerenvironment.

49.By“humanintervention”(Paragraph2),theauthorrefersto_____.AthereductionofgreatenergywasteintheenvironmentBthegraspingofstraightforwardopportunitiesavailableCtheadoptionofsmartsensingandnetworktechnologyDactsliketurningofflightswhennooneisintheroom

50.Batteriesarenotanidealenergysourceforsensornetworksbecausethey____.AcontainmetalsthatpollutetheenvironmentBhavetobereplacedfromtimetotimeCrequireautomaticrechargingDaredifficultandcostlytomaintain

51.Battery-freewirelesssensornetworksaremadepossiblebythefactthat_____.AthecostofusingthemhasbeendrasticallyreducedBthereisenergyintheenvironmenttobeutilizedCmoderndatacommunicationconsumeslittleenergyDtheirmaintenancehasbeengreatlysimplified

52.Accordingtothepassage,GreenPeak_____.ApromotestheapplicationofwirelesssensornetworksBisthefirstcompanytoinstallwirelesssensornetworksCsuppliesbatteriesoperatingonharvestedenergyDbenefitshandsomelyfromcommunicationtechnology

53.ThefocusofParagraph4isonthe_____.AreplacementofbatteriesinharvestersBmonitoringofenergyharvestedfromtheenvironmentCimpactofsensornetworksonpowersupplyDeliminationofbatteriesinsensornetworks

54.Wirelesssensornetworkspromiseto____.AbringbusinesseshighprofitsBfurtherdevelopthesensingtechnologyCimprovethedailylivesofpeopleworldwideDturnmotionintoamajorsourceofenergy

PassageFiveIntheearly20thcentury,ahorsenamedCleverHanswasbelievedcapableofcountingandotherimpressivementaltasks.Afteryearsofgreatperformance,psychologistsdiscoveredthatthoughHanswascertainlyclever,hewasnotcleverinthewayeveryoneexpected.Thehorsewascleverlypickingupontiny,unintentionalbodilyandfacialsignalsgivenoutnotonlybyhistrainer,butalsobytheaudience.Awareofthe“CleverHans”effect,LisaLitattheUniversityofDrLitasked18professionaldoghandlersandtheirdogstocompletebriefsearches.Beforethesearches,thehandlerswereinformedthatsomeofthesearchareamightcontainuptothreetargetscents,andalsothatintwocasesthosescentswouldbemarkedbypiecesofredpaper.Whatthehandlerswerenottoldwasthatnoneofthesearchareascontainedthescentsofeitherdrugsorexplosives.Any“detections”madebytheteamsthushadtobefalse.Thefindingsrevealsthatof144searches,only21wereclean(noalerts).Alltheothersraisedonealertormore.Intotal,theteamsraised225alerts.WhilethesheernumberoffalsealertsstuckDrLitasfascinating,itwaswheretheytookplacethatwasofgreatestinterest.Whenhandlerscouldseearedpieceofpaper,allegedlymarkingalocationofinterest,theyweremuchmorelikelytosaythattheirdogssignaledanalert.Thehumanhandlerswerenotonlydistractedonalmosteveryoccasionbythestimulusaimedatthem,butalsotransmittedthatdistractiontotheiranimals—whorespondedaccordingly.Tomixmetaphors,thedogswerecrying“wolf”attheunconscioussignaloftheirhandlers.Howmuchthatmattersintherealworldisunclear.Butitmight.Ifahandler,forexample,unconsciously“profiled”peoplebeingsniffedbyadrug,orexplosive-detectingdogatanairport,falsepositivecouldabound.Thatisnotonlybadforinnocenttravelers,butmightdistracttheteamfromcatchingtheguilty.

55.WhatdidpsychologistsfindoutaboutCleverHans?AHewasascleveraspeopleclaimed.BHewasreallygoodatcounting.CHemerelyrespondedtohumansignals.DHecouldunderstandhumanlanguage.

56.LisaLitandhercolleagues____.Aquestionedthe“CleverHans”effectBdiscoveredthe“CleverHans”effectCrejectedthe“CleverHans”effectDconfirmedthe“CleverHans”effect

57.Thedoghandlerslearnedbeforethesearchesthat____.AeachsearchareacontainedthreetargetscentsBtherewasactuallynotargetscentinthesearchareaCtheirdogswereexpectedtofindthescentsofredpaperDsometargetscentsmaybelabeledwithaspecialmark

58.Whatwasmostsignificantabouttheexperiment,accordingtoDrLit?ATheregularityofthefalsealertsBThelocationofthefalsealertsCThenumberofthefalsealertsDThetimingofthefalsealerts

59.Itcanbeconcludedfromtheexperimentthat____.Adogsmayactinresponsetotheirhandlers’bodilysignalsBdoghandlersaremorelikelytobedistractedthantheirdogsCthecooperationbetweendogsandtheirhandlersiskeytosuccessDwell-traineddogscanbetterunderstandtheirhandlers’signals

60.TheauthorthinksthatDrLit’sfindings_____.AmaynotbeusefulinrealsituationsBshouldraiseourconcerninreallifeCshouldbebackedupbyfurtherevidenceDwillbewidelyappliedinthenearfuture

PartIV

Cloze

(15minutes,15points,1foreach)Directions:Inthispart,thereisapassagewith15blanks.Foreachblankthereare4choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethebestanswerforeachblankandmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourmachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.

Zooshavebecomeanimportantsiteforthepreservationandprotectionofwildliferesources,__61__thosespeciesthatareendangered.__62__,manyzoosdisplayedliveanimalsforpublicentertainment.Presentlysomezooshavebecomescientificandeducational__63__thathavecontributedtotheunderstandingandconservationofwildanimalpopulations.__64__thechallengesfacingmodernzoosarethecostofupgradingoldfacilities,thestruggletoobtain__65__operatingfunds,andtheneedtoattractmorevisitorstonewandentertainingexhibits.Many__66__zoosinAmericancitieshaveundergonetrendsinzoo__67__istheconstructionofnewenclosuresthatresemblenaturalhabitats(栖息地).Thereplacementoftraditionalsteelbarsandconcretefloors__68__appropriatelydesignedsurroundingsimprovesvisitorappreciationoftheanimals.Suchrenovationsmay__69__stressonanimalsandallowthemtointeractwithoneanothermorenaturally.Severalmajorzoosconductcaptivepropagationprograms.Acaptivepropagationprogramincludesthebreedingof__70__zooorwildanimalstooobtainoffspring,usuallyforreleaseto__71__orfortransfertootherzoos,Ca