高级英语第一册Unit6-Blackmail2课件

BookOneLessonSix

BlackmailByArthurHaileyAdvancedEnglishArthurHaileyTheauthorofanumberofbestsellingnovels,BorninLuton,England,in1920.HewaseducatedinEnglishschoolsuntil14.Afterabriefcareerasanofficeboy,(勤杂工)hebecameapilotandflightlieutenant.(飞行中尉In1947HaileyemigratedtoCanada,wherehewassuccessivelyarealestatesalesman,businesspapereditorandasalesandadvertisingexecutive.销售和广告主管In1956ArthurHaileyscored赢得[书面]

hisfirstwritingsuccesswithaTVdrama,

FlightintoDanger,

《险中行》whichbecameamotionpictureandanovel,RunwayZero-Eight

(1958).《08跑道》注:《08跑道》（RunwayZero-Eight）是赫利的第一部小说。起初写的是电视剧，放映后很受观众的欢迎。Proverbs,popularsayingsandwittyremarksaboutmoneyandlaw.妙语Goodadviceisbeyondallprices.Pennywise,poundfoolish.小事聪明,大事糊涂Allthatglittersisnotgold.闪闪发光的未必都是金子；人不可貌相Moneyisagoodservantbutabadmaster.钱是一个很好的仆人,却绝对是最坏的主人。Moneyspentonthebrainisneverspentinvain.用于教育之金钱决不虚掷。Moneytalks.有钱能使鬼推磨Richpeoplearepoorpeoplewithmoney.Moneyisthebestlawyer.金钱是最出色的律师。Moneyhasnosmell.金钱无所谓香臭。Moneyisabottomlesssea,inwhichhonor,conscienceandtruthmaybedrowned.金钱有如无底的大海，可以淹没人格、良心和真理。Moneyanswersallthings.Moneybegets(breeds,gets,draws)money.钱能生钱。Moneyisthebestpassport.TheMillsofGodgrindslowlybutsurely.“上帝的磨盘转动很慢，但是却磨得很细，”Heaven’svengeanceisslowbutsure.上帝的惩罚是缓慢而确实的。Justicehaslongarms.天网恢恢疏而不漏。Clevernessmayoverreachoneself.聪明可能弄巧成拙；聪明反被聪明误。SevendeadlysinsinChristianity基督教的七宗罪那么多宗教，整齐划一地将耐心视为高风亮节，比如基督教，抗拒七宗罪的诱惑，需要七大美德的守护，而耐心就在其列。Prideisabraggart.骄傲Lecheryisavillain.好色Envyisafellow.嫉妒Wrathisacook.狂怒Avariceisaheartlessusurer.贪婪Slothisalazyperson.懒惰Gluttonisadrunkard.饕餮，贪食Somemoresuggestedquestions.13.Whatdoestheword“declare”imply?14.ThesignificanceoftheCIGAR.15.Thehousedetective.16.TheDuke.17.TheDuchess.18.Canyouforeseewhatisinstoreforthehousedetective?19.Inwhatwaywouldyouliketocontinuethestory?-mailsurfacemail水陆路信件；普通平信邮件airmail航空邮件e-mailjunkmail垃圾邮件；邮寄宣传品blackmailblack-~ivory~ball~eye~-letterday

凶日，不吉利的日子~list黑名单；沉船登记簿~man~magic魔法；巫术~jack/flag闪锌矿；铁闪锌矿；黑旗（表示囚犯已被处决）；海盗旗；黑旗令（赛车可能有故障）~hearted黑心的；黑心肠的；心黑；坏心肠的~heart黑心；黑心病~guard

adj.粗鄙的；满口脏话的n.恶棍；说脏话的人vt.辱骂vi.捣乱；耍流氓blackmail:odoingsth.Hehadblackmailedherintosailingwithher.Hisformermistresstriedtoblackmailhim.Wedonotpayblackmail.Somepeopleuseemotionalblackmail.情感勒索Therascaltriedtoblackmailtheclerkintohelpinghimdrawthemoney,buthefailed.勒索店员housedetective(公寓、饭店、银行、公司等的)警卫(人员)onthehouse免费；由店家出钱house-madewinehouseflag1.游艇的私人旗2.(商船的)公司旗3.【航海学】(商船的)公司旗(游艇的)船主旗declare:tostateorshowwithgreatforcesothatthereisnodoubtaboutthemeaning断言；发表意见；表明态度；Hedeclaredthathewasright.Hedeclaredhisposition.Hedeclaredhimself(tobe)anhonestman/innocent.#tomakeafullstatementofpropertyforwhichmoneymaybeownedtothegovernment宣告破产Haveyouanythingtodeclare(e.g.silkgoods,tobacco,wines,electricappliances,cars,motorcars,etc.)?pronunciationsuiten.英[swiːt]美[swit]（一套）家具；套房；suede英[sweɪd]美[swed]n.小山羊皮decor英['deɪkɔː;'de-]美[de'kɔr]n.装饰，布置corps英[kɔː]美[kɔr]n.军团；兵种；兵队；（德国大学的）学生联合会depot英['depəʊ]美['dipo]仓库；停车场；航空站quay英[kiː]美[ki]码头vineyard英['vɪnjɑːd;-jəd]美['vɪnjɚd]葡萄园almond英['ɑːmənd]美['ɑmənd]杏仁#fray:tobreakthreadsin(partofagarment,esp.sleeves,collarofelbows)byhardwear使磨损*Longwearhad~edthecollarandcuffsofhisoldshirt.袖口*Thebeggar’sshirtwas~edattheneck.*Cheapfabricsoonfrays.*Theelectricalwireis~ingandcouldbedangeroustohandle.#tocausethethreads(inaropeortheedgeofmaterial)toseparateinsteadofremainingclose.散口的*Shefounditdifficulttomakeanylondress,becausethematerialfrayedsoquicklywhenshecutit.#tocause(aperson’stemper,nerves,etc.)tobecomewornout;tostrain(thenerves,temper,etc.)almosttobreakingpoint*Theargumentfrayedtheirnerves.*Hernerveswerefrayedbythenoiseinthestreet.*Temperbegantofrayinthehotweather.beeagerforthefray

唯恐天下不乱dispatch

#toputaquickendto;tofinishoffpromptly(apieceofwork,business,food,etc.)*Wesoondispatchedthechocolatecake.*Hedispatchedhislunchandhurriedtothestation.dispatch#euph.tokill(usu.officiallyandaccordingtoplan);toputtodeath*Hedispatchedthebearwithoneblowonthehead.*todispatchacriminal#messagecarriedbyagovernmentofficial,orsenttoanewspaperbyoneofitswriters新闻专电，急件，快邮*TheXinhuaNewsAgencyreceivesdispatchesfromallpartsoftheworldeveryday.新华社errand:ashortjourneytocarryoutaparticulartask,madetogetsth.ortocarryamessage使命；差事；差使tosendsb.onanerrandtorunanerrandfortogoonanerrandforI’venotimetogoonerrandsforyou!Hewassentonanerrand.#fool’serrand:aneffortthatisseenintheendasuseless,fruitless,pointless徒劳无功的工作sendsb/goonanfool’serrandpoochpoodlegreyhoundAlsatianColliePekineseShaPeiterrier小猎犬spanielDalmatianspitzShihTzudogbitchpup(py)Alivingdogisbetterthanadeadlion.长卷毛狗杂种狗灵提灰狗（一种猎犬）；狼狗长毛垂耳狗柯利牧羊犬北京狗沙皮狗短毛狗丝毛犬狮子狗公狗母狗小狗flip:move,toss,pushorthrowsthwithaquickjerk;flick掷；轻击*Sheflippedoffherdarkglasses.*Sheflippedafewcoinsontothebar.*Maryflippedaspeckofdustofffromhertrousers.一粒灰尘；灰尘obese:grosslyfatoroverweightobesitycorpulent['kɔrpjələnt肥胖（大）stout肥硕的gross肥壮thick-set矮胖而健壮heavily-built身材厚实humpty-dumpty矮胖，短粗incongruous:notinharmonyorkeepingwiththesurroundingsorotheraspectsofsth;incompatibleTheduffelcoatlookedincongruouswiththeblackdresssheworeunderneath.incongruous:strange,unexpected,orunsuitableinaparticularsituationThenewtheatrelooksutterlyincongruousinitssetting.Itseemedincongruoushavingadance-bandatthefuneral.falsetto:avoicethatisunusuallyorunnaturallyhigh;amethodofvoiceproductionusedbymalesingers,esptenorstosingnoteshigherthantheirnormalrangeHewassingingfalsettointhisrole.Cf.yodel用真假嗓音互换地唱；约德尔（Yodel）是瑞士传统音乐中中最具特色的一种山歌唱法。它源于瑞士阿尔卑斯山区牧民呼唤羊群、牛群的喊叫声。Jaguar:anexpensivesportscarmadeinBritain美洲豹汽车公司；美洲虎RollsRoyce劳斯菜斯（世界顶级豪华轿车）Peugeotn.法国标致（法国汽车公司）RangeRover路虎揽胜（车型名称）emission—emit:produce;dischargeCoal-firedpowerstationscontinuetoemitlargequantitiesofsulphurdioxide.Sheemittedasoundlikelaughter.emissionofheat,asigh,breath,light,smell,sound,gas,radiation,etc.carbondioxideemissionsshoot:toejectorimpelbyasuddenreleaseoftension;tomovesuddenlyandrapidlyinaparticulardirectionThepedestriansshotangryglancesatthepickpocket.Afterthelecture,thestudentsshotvarious(anavalancheof)questionsatthespeaker.RentshaveshotupinthelastfewdaysinNYbecauseoftheterroristattack.Abrilliantideashotintohisconfusedmind.ThefilmwasshotinCaliforniabytheChinesefirst-classphotographeranddirector,ZhangYimou.Sheshothimadistrustfullook.bambooshootsbeanshoots豆芽riceshoots箭笋wildriceshoots茭白；茭笋Double-meatriceshoots双笋肉片饭lotusandwildriceshoots莲花和茭白Smokeshootsbaconrice烟笋腊肉饭thenewshootsoftherosebushItpaystocheck.:tobeprofitableorworthwhiletocheckItpaystothinkbeforeyouspeak.It’llpaytokeepadiaryinEnglish.ItpaidtovisitLondon,ParisforvividEuropeancultureandcivilization.Itpaystogetsomeprofessionaladvicebeforeyoumakeadecision.Gettingsomequalificationsnowwillpaydividends红利；股息(=bringalotofadvantages)inthelongterm.ItwouldpayyoutoaskifthereareanyjobsgoingattheLondonoffice.spit(spat,spat):ejectsaliva(blood,liquid)forciblyfromthemouth,st.asagestureofcontemptoranger.ToddspatinHugh’sface.Someyoungmenjustspatintothelovelylake.Thechildspatoutthenastypill.孩子们讨厌的药丸吐了出来You’dbettercallthedoctor.Thechildhasbeenspittingupbloodallmorning.utterinanaggressiveorhostileway唾弃Shespatabuseatthejury.口水战“GotoHell!”shespat.bethespit(thedeadspit)of(lookexactlylike)与某人简直一模一样[非正式]FelixisthespitofRosa’sbrother.Spitblood:feelorexpressvehementanger气得吐血Itwasenoughtomakeanyonespitblood!adversary:one’sopponentinacontest,conflict,ordisputeDavisbeathisadversaryinthequarter-finals.戴维斯在四分之一决赛中击败他的对手。Whichschoolisouradversaryinthisweek’sfootballgame?TheUnitedStatesandGermanywereadversariesduringthetwoworldwars.Gamblersfoundaformidableadversaryinthenewdistrictattorney.赌徒们找到了一个强大的对手在新的地方Cf.antagonist敌手Hamletandhisunclewereantagonists.throwthebookat:chargeorpunishsb.asseverelyaspossibleorpermitted严惩；严厉处罚/斥责throwachest挺胸而立throw（cast)adampoversb.使沮丧；使…失去乐趣throwcoldwateronsb.throwawetblanketonsb.对…泼冷水throwalieinsb.’sface当面戳穿谎言throw(give)asoptoCerberus贿赂冥府看门狗冥府守夜犬以贿赂收买throwaspanner/wrenchintothework扳手

从中捣乱；完全弄糟throw(shed)lighton对加以说明；使人明白throwdustinsb.seyes欺骗；迷惑throwasprattocatchamackerel鲭（产于北大西洋）；马鲛鱼；鲱属小海鱼吃小亏占大便宜Morefor“book”:kissthebook=tokisstheBiblebeforevowing吻《圣经》宣誓readsb.likeabook=toseethroughsb.takealeafoutofanother'sbook=tofollowsuitexaminethebook=tochecktheaccountbookcookthebook=tofalsifytheaccountbook伪造；篡改做假帐fancy:

fancydiving花样跳水fancyskatingfancyfair（英）小商品市场fancyball化装舞会fancydress化装舞会所穿着的服装fancybirds奇珍异鸟fancyfreshfruit特级鲜果fancyman情夫fancywoman情妇fancyhouse妓院fancyprice高昂的价格fancyshoes别致的鞋子fancy-free:adj.未（订）婚的；可自由谈爱的tofancyoneself:自以为（了不起）Oh,fancymeetingyouhere!Fancyhisbelievingit!他竟然相信了，多稀奇呀！Fancyhavingtowaitallafternoon!哎呀，竟要等一个下午！byrights公正地；恰当地；正当地；合理地；根据正当权利injusticeDowhatIshoulddoinjustice(reportwhatIknowtopoliceheadquarters)andagroupofpolicemenwillcomeoverheresofastthatyouwouldn’tbeabletoseethemmoving.infairnessplayfair(fairplay)respectfortherulesorequaltreatmentofallconcernedpigpigstypigtail(cf.ponytail)pigit(cf.roughit)1.[口语]住在肮脏的环境里；像猪似的挤在一起生活2.[美国俚语](因喘不过气来或吃力而)停止奔跑；放慢速度；(因懦怯)退却toteachapigtoplayonaflutelivelikepigsinclover红花草生活优裕，养尊处优Pigsmightfly(iftheyhadwings).无稽之谈(如果他们有翅膀。whenpigsfly(whenDoverandCalaismeet…)？？？？wither:

(ofaplant)becomedryandshriveledforlackofmoisture/becauseof

extremeheatorcoldThegrasshaswitheredtoanunappealingbrown.(witheredleaves)Theflowerssoonwithered.Thesunwithered(up)thegrass.她已色衰。Herbeautyhaswithered.她的希望渐渐幻灭。Herhopeswithered.mortifysbwithascornfullookormanner;toreducetosilence;tomakespeechless/incapableofactionShewitheredhimwithascornfullook.她轻蔑的一瞥使他自感羞愧。（无言以对/无言以答）警官恶狠狠地朝那阿飞看了一眼，使他畏缩。

Thepoliceofficerwitheredthehooliganwithalook.self-assurance

自信excessiveself-confidence,imprudence自负，傲慢，大胆，厚颜lifeassurance(E)[保险]人寿保险fire,accident,labor,life,insuranceflicke:moveirregularly/unsteadilywithaquick,light,waveringmotion;flutter;toburnorshinefitfullyorwithafluctuatinglightIlikewatchingtheleavesflickeringinthewind.我喜欢观看在风中摇曳的树叶。Thecandleflickeredinthewind.蜡烛在风中闪烁摇曳。Thelastfainthopeflickeredupanddied.最后一线微弱的希望闪了一下，即刻熄灭了。ThehopestillflickeredwithinherthatherhusbandmightbealiveundertheruinsoftheWTC.她在内心仍存一线希望：丈夫被压在世贸大楼废墟底下还活着。Hisflickerofenthusiasmintheworkwasmadetobelievethathewasserious.他在工作中一阵热情的闪现让人相信他是认真的。AnumberofAmericanfilmcompaniesintendtomakethree-dimensionalflickersinquantity.美国一些电影公司拟大量制作立体电影。interject:makeasuddenremarkbetweenothersEverynowandthenthespeakerinterjectedsomewittyremarks.那演说者不时插入一些机智的评语。Sheinterjectedtheoddquestionhereandthere.takeone’stime:nothurry从容行事

Youcantakeyourtimetopaythedebtyouoweme.timetobeattimetoserveone’stimetotaketimebytheforelocktohavetime(hanging)onone’shandstomaketimetobeaheadofone’stimetobebehindthetimestimeandahalftimeandmotionstudytimebelt(zone)timebombtimecapsuletime-consumertimeguntime-honoredtimekeepertimelimittimeservertimespirit“That’smorelikeit.”isalwayssaidwhenasecondthingsaidbytheotherpersonsoundsmorereasonable,plausible,lessobjectionablethanthefirstone.sardonic:

beingscornful,cynical;tomock;

toconveycontempt，冷峻的轻视sarcastic:intendingtohurtthefeelings,toinflictpainbyderiding,taunting多是伤人的satirical:intendingtomakeapersonorthingappearfoolishorabsurd表轻视但不一定会伤人感情ironical:ahumorousorsarcasticformofexpressinginwhichtheintendedmeaningofwhatissaidisdirectlyoppositetotheusualsense（用反语以）讽刺，幽默；出乎意料Oureffortstocheerhimupproducedonlyasardonicsmile.Theteacher’ssarcasticcommentaboutthegirl’sessaymadehercry.Wewereallamusedbythesatiricalcomparisonoflifeatcollegeandinthearmy.“Whatafineday!”whensaidonastormydayisanironicalremark.blackguard:

scoundrel,villain,knave,rascal,rogue,scampoutoftheway:improper;unusual

荒谬的；不适当的，不成体统的；不寻常的；HedeclaredthathewouldsetfireonthecompanytorevengehisbestfriendJoe.Buthehaddonenothingoutofthewayyet.Ididn'tgotothepartyforIwasafraidthatImightsaysomethingoutoftheway.goout(of)one’sway:特别费心；格外努力；比往常多做；特地

tryone’sbestWe’llgooutofourwaytomakeourforeignguestsfeelathome.Youneedn’tgooutofyourwayonmyaccount.尽力haveitbothways:

脚踏两条船；见风使舵；忽左忽右Ifyoukeeponhavingitbothwaysinloveaffairs,you’llsufferpenaltyfrombothsides.脚踏两只船mendone’sways:I’llmendmywaysunderthefrankcriticismofmyfriendsandrelatives.改邪归正;改过自新onomatopoeia:

moreinstances(animals)Lionsroar.Pigs/hogsgrunt.(动物的)咕噜声Bulls/oxenbellow/low/rout.Cowslow/moo.牛叫Sheep/goatsbaa/bleat.（羊）咩咩叫Horsesneigh/whinny.马嘶声Asses/donkeysbray.驴叫声；喇叭声Catsmew/purr/meow/miaow.猫叫Rats/micesqueak/squeal.尖叫Frogscroak.蛙叫声Cockscrow/鸡鸣cock-a-doodle-doo..公鸡的喔喔啼声Henscackle/cluck.咯咯叫Chickenscheep/pip.唧唧声;(幼鸟)鸣叫Ducksquack.onomatopoeia:

moreinstancesGeesecackle.Doves/pigeonscoo.Crows/ravenscaw/croak.Sparrowschirp.Beeshum/buzz/boom/drone.Beetlesdrone/boom.Fliesbuzz.Insects

chirrup/cheep.Cricketschirr.Mosquitoesbuzz.Birdstwitter/chirp/cheep.Wolveshowl.Snakeshiss.Owlstu-uha/hoot.Dogsbark/bay/howl/growlsnarl/yap/whine/yelp/bowwowGiraffes?onomatopoeia:babble婴儿咿呀学语声gigglehumhushmurmur喃喃低语yo-heave-ho哟嗨嗬boom(zoom)轰隆clack(clatter)咔嗒，铿锵clink叮叮crack劈啪爆裂声thud咚thump噔噔thwack啪birr机器噪声clattle咔嗒声pop砰砰声onomatopoeia:

plonk落水声splash溅水声squash喀吱声squeak叽叽声squawk嘎嘎声whiz飕飕声clip-clop（马蹄）得得声tick-tack（钟表）滴答声rub-a-dub（鼓）咚咚声jinglejangle玎玲铛琅puff-puff（火车）喷气声pit-a-pat劈劈啪啪pitter-patterrat-tat-tat（机枪）咕咕咕声Lobby:aroomprovidingaspaceoutofwhichoneormoreotherroomslead,typicallyoneneartheentranceofapublicbuilding

大厅；休息室；会客室agroupofpeopleseekingtoinfluencepoliticiansorpublicofficialsonapoliticalissue(theThirdHouse)第三宫游说议员的团体lobbyist院外活动集团成员lobbyerlobbyman/-mən/[美国英语]院外活动集团的成员；说客(戏院或剧场等的)收票员lobbyismn.院外活动；游说；疏通liquor:

analcoholicdrink,esp.onemadebydistillation,aswhiskeyorrum(neatwhiskey纯威士忌酒).朗姆酒wine:

mainlygrapewine(sweetordrywine)甜型葡萄酒;不甜葡萄酒softdrinks:

non-alcoholic,likesodapop汽水

chaser:

amilddrink,takenwithorafterliquor饮烈酒后喝的饮料wordMayIhaveawordwithyou?Hehadwordswithhisbrotherlastnightanditseemedthattheywouldneverbereconciled.Nowordhascomefromthefront.Pleasesendwordassoonaspossible.Theboykepthisword.信守着自己的诺言Hiswordisasgoodashisbond.他的话如契约一样可靠。Trusther.Sheisawomanofherword.她是个守信的人。Neverevergobackonyourwords.不要违背你的话。Heisamanoffew(many)words.toeatone’swords承认说错话；食言hunch:

afeelingorguessbasedonintuitionratherthanknownfacts

预感，

疑心Shewasactingonahunch.Ihaveahunchthatsomethingisgoingtohappen.hunchbackhumpback驼背lick:passthetongueoversth.,typicallyinordertotaste,moisten,orcleanit(flame,breeze,wave)

lookforwardtosthwitheageranticipationHelickedthestampandstuckitontheenvelop.Helickedathisdamagedhandwithhistongue.Theflameslickedaroundthewood.lickone’swounds养精蓄锐licksb’sboot向某人屈服,迁就某人,奉承某人；拍某人的马屁lick/bitethedust被击倒，被打死；卑躬屈膝sidestreet:

narrow,lesstraveledstreetmeetingamainstreetbackstreet:小街；后街awayfromthemainstreets,esp.inapoorareaofatownboulevard:awidestreetinatownorcity,typicallyonelinedwithtrees建]林荫大道（美）大马路avenue:athoroughfarerunningatrightanglestothestreetsinacitylaidoutonagridpattern[美国英语](城市中的)街道；尤指大街，大路，大道小路，门径，汽车道；[主英国英语](两旁栽树的、从大路通往乡村住宅、别墅、纪念性建筑物等的)小径小巷，边道TheAmericanSouthSouthCarolinaMississippiFloridaAlabamaGeorgiaLouisianaTexasVirginiaArkansasNorthCarolinaTennesseeOklahomaKentuckySouthoftheMason—Dixonline(southofPennsylvania)discreet:circumspectinwordordeed/abletokeepsilentaboutmatterswhereprudencerequiresitHefollowedheratadiscreetdistance.他小心地保持距离跟着她。Itwasnotverydiscreetofyoutoringmeupattheoffice.你往我办公室打电话太不谨慎了。Hisutterancesnevergaveoffense,beingdiscreetlyacademic.Cf.discrete:individuallyseparateanddistinct分立的，各别的，不关联的Speechsoundsareproducedasacontinuoussoundsignalratherthandiscreteunits.buyoff/over:

togetridof(anunjustclaim,ablackmailer)bymakingapayment/bribe/corruptsbHeboughtoffthosewhomightexposehim.他将可能检举他的人收买了。Hetriedtobuythemoff.Hehasbeenbribedintosilence/tosaynothing.tooffer/togive/tohandoutbriberies行贿totakebriberies/toaskforbriberies

受贿;索贿

aslimchance---afatchance

机会渺茫Hisexcusewasabeaut!(Irony)他的托词可真妙！Afatlotofgooditdidhim.这对他一点好处也没有。roadblock:abar,barrierorbarricade(街垒；路障)orotherobject(s)usedforclosingaroadtostoptraffic,anenemy,etc.路障；障碍物blindage:掩体object(s)that