2019-2020年高考英语知识归纳复习4

2019-2020年高考英语知识归纳复习4自助式复习板块知识搜索1.难忘的(adj.)2•颤抖(v.)3.楼梯(n.)4•打动，击打(v.)5•抓住，夺取(v.)6•拽，拖拽(v.)7•前进，提前8•挽救(v.)9.最后,终于(adv.)10•灾难11•恐吓(v.)12•摧毁(v.)13.最后期限(n.)14•民族的(v.)15•流动(adj.)16.机会17.经纪人(n.)18•庙(n.)吃惊,害怕(n.)20注办(v.)6.drag答案：1.unforgettable2.shake3.stair4.strike5.seize6.drag7.advance8.rescue9.finallylO.disasterll.scare12.destroy13.deadlinenationalflow16.opportunity17.agent18.temple19.frighthost短语站立起来发生抓住机会把往上拽通过,经受26.旅行社代理人在度假28.难忘的经历紧紧抓住靠墙生长即将来临害怕得颤抖起来遭遇地震把树砍倒烧毁答案：21.getonone'agent27.onthevacationunforgettableexperiencesholdontosth.30growagainstthewall31.aroundthecorner32.shakewithfear33.becaughtinanearthquake34.cutdowntrees35.burndown句型36・..Astormising・Astormis.37・Hehadexperiencedthetwoworldwars.Hehadthetwoworldwars.38・AnearthquakehitTangshanin1976・AnearthquakeTangshanin1976・答案：36.aroundthecorner37.gonethrough38.struck语法39.Themanstoodinfrontofahouse;thewindowsofthehousewerebroken.40.Hecamelateagain;thismadehisteacherangry.答案：39.Themanstoodinfrontofahousewhosewindowswerebroken.40.Hecamelateagain,whichmadehisheadteacherangry.重难聚焦重点单词要点1before【例题】（xx全国IV,39）SeveraldayshadgonebyIrealizedthepaintingwasmissing.A.asB.beforeC.sinceD.when解析:句意是“好几天过去了,我才意识到画不见了”。根据句意、时态先排除C项；as,when表示两者同吋发生所以排除A、D项。答案:B归纳与迁移⑴在………以前（指吋间）Iwillebackbefore9o'clock.我将在9点前回来。HisuncleleftforShanghaithedaybeforeyesterday.前天他叔叔动身去上海了。（2）在……以前（指位置）Shesatjustbeforeme.她就坐在我前面。(3)连词:作连词时有很多种译法，要根据上下文来译成合适的汉语。ShearrivedbeforeIexpected.我想不到她到得那么早。Itwillbelongbeforewemeetagain.我们要很久才能再见面。要点2marry【例题】Theyforabouttwentyyears.havegotmarriedhavebeenmarriedgotmarriedbecamemarried解析:A、C、D三项表瞬间动作，不和表持续一段吋间的吋间状语连用。答案：B归纳与迁移(1)marryyoung/early/late结婚早/结婚迟Notuntil35didTomgetmarried,thatis,hemarriedlate直到35岁汤姆才结婚，也就是说，他晚婚。⑵marrysb.和某人结婚/嫁给某人marrysb.tosb.把嫁给某人Theydidn'twanttomarrytheirdaughtertothatpooryoungman.他们不想把他们的女儿嫁给那个穷小子。bemarried(tosb.)(表状态)Howlonghastheybeenmarried?他们结婚多久了？getmarried(tosb.)(表动作)Whendidtheygetmarried?要点3struggle【例题】Therevolutionariesstruggledthefreedomofallpeople・withB.againstC.toD.for解析:句意是“革命者为所有人的自由而斗争”。答案：D归纳与迁移（1）strugglewith/against“为反对而战”“与作斗争”。Politicalleadersfoughtagainstslavery.政治家们反对奴隶制。strugglefor“为争取……而斗争”“因为……而打架”。Theslavesfoughtforfreedom.奴隶们为自由而战。strugglewith“同……作战”“同……（一起并肩）作战”。TheyfoughtwiththeItaliansagainstFranceinthelastwar.在最后一场战役中，他们和意大利人一起并肩作战抵抗法国人。要点4advance【例题】Whenhewasatcollege,hewasinterestedinandgoodatmathematics.A.highmathematics.A.highB.advancedC.furtherD.developed解析:advancedmathematics“高等数学”。答案：B归纳与迁移提前;前进，进展(1)v.Advanceadeadlinebyoneweek.把最后期限提前一星期。Thesoldiersareadvancingtowardsthefront.士兵们向前线推进。前进，进展，进步，预付(2)n.Chinaismakinganimportantadvanceinspacescience.中国在空间科学上取得重大进展。(3).先进的，高深的advanced(adj.)Someofourproductshavereachedadvancedworldlevel我们有些产品达到了世界先进水平。⑷相关短语：inadvance提前inadvanceof在……前面重点短语要点1pullup【例题】HehiscarattheroadsidepulledinB.pulledoutC.pulledupD.pulleddown解析:pullin(列车)进站;pullout出站;putdown拆除，拉下；pullup拉上，打(车)。答案：C归纳与迁移拔出；拆下，从固定的位置移开；拔出(树桩)，勒住,(1)(vt・)刹车Theypulledupthesign.他们把标志拔了出来。Thedriverpulledup(hiscar)atthegateoftheschool驾驶员把车停在了校门口。(马、马车、车)停止Thecarpulledupontheparkinglotoutsidethestation.车停在了车站外的停车场。要点2getonone'sfeet【例题】Thewoundedsoldierstruggledhisfeetwithgreateffortsatlast.A.toB.byC.uptoD.on解析:“挣扎着站起来”要用struggletoone'sfeet。答案：A归纳与迁移risetoone'sfeet站立起来getonone'sfeet站立起来struggletoone'sfeet挣扎着站立起来要点3onfire【例题】Look,thehouseis?A.catchingfireonfiresettingfireD.underfire解析:首先排除A、C两项，因为房子着火是一种状态，不是一个动作；underfire受到枪炮猛烈攻击，受到严厉批评。答案：B归纳与迁移makeafire生火setfiretosomething纵火烧……必背句型要点1everytime/eachtime引导的状语从句【例题】__hesawthatbrokenwindow,thelittleboywouldfeelguilty.A.AsThemomentWhenEverytime解析:本题是考查名词短语作连词的用法。A表示两个同吋发生的动作；B表示“一就”，相当于“assoonas”;相比较而言，D意思最好：每次看到那个打破的窗户，那个小男孩就感到愧疚。答案:D归纳与迁移(1)everytime/eachtime/anytime/thefirsttime可用作从属连词，引出吋间状语从句，意思分别是:每一次就/任何吋间都/第一次就。Youareweletovisitourschoolanytimeyoulike.你任何吋候到我们学校来参观我们都欢迎。(2)theyear/themonth/theday/theautumn/theweek/thesecond/themoment/thewinter/thespring后接从句。Heaskedtobesenttothefrontthedayhegotmarried他结婚的当天就要求被派到前线去。HeleftEuropetheyearWorldWarIIbrokeout.二战爆发的当年他就离开了欧洲。Marygotmarriedthesummershegraduatedfromcollege・玛丽大学毕业的那个夏天就结婚了。要点2非限制性定语从句【例题】Hewaslateagain,madehisheadmasterangA：thatB.whichC.thisD.what解析:首先排除D,不能作定语从句的先行词；如果在横线前加and,则A、C项也可以，另外在非限制性定语从句中，如果先行词是事物或一件事时，引导词只用which。答案:B归纳与迁移关系代词“that”和“which”的用法:只用“that”的情况:(1)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时；(2)先行词为等不定代词时；先行词同时是人和物并列时；先行词在主句中作表语时。只用“which”的情况:引导非限制性定语从句；引导词直接放在介词后作宾语时2019-2020年高考英语知识归纳复习5自助式复习板块知识搜索银子(n.)英雄，男主角(n.)(n.)场面，布景(n.)法律(n.)事业，生涯(n.)戏剧(n.)角色(n.)女演员(n.)和平，安宁(n.)选择(n.)学位(n.)导演(n.)13.剧本，手稿学院(n.)演播室，摄影棚(n.)生物，动物(n.)成年人(n.)后续(n.)残忍，残酷(n.)行业，产业(n.)欠，感激，归功于(n.)接受，认可(v.)决定，决心(v.)加快(v.)现场的(adj.)答案：1.silver2.hero3.scene4.law5.career6.drama7.role8.actress9.peacelO.choicell.degree12.director13.script14.academy15.studio16.creature17.adultfollowup19.cruelty20.industry21.owe22.accept23.determine24.speed25.1ive短语成功，起飞对......高度评价正在播出的追赶把某人监禁起来小学误入歧途银幕把..归功于总共，总之担当一个角色外部空间和..交朋友39.39.代替某人以全速答案：26.takeoff27.thinkhighlyof28.ontheair29.runafter30.locksb.up31.primaryschool32.gowrong33.silverscreen34.oweto35.inall36.playrolesin37.outerspace38.makefriendswith39.takeone'splace4O.atfullspeed句型Hewaswarmlypraisedforhisspiritofbravery.—Hewasforhisspiritofbravery.Ihadn'tenoughmoneytobuyaradioatthattime.—Iaradioatthattime.HehasdeterminedtosettledowninHainanafterhegetsmarried.—HehastosettledowninHainanafterhegetsmarried答案:41.thoughthighlyof42.couldn'taffordtobuy43.madeuphismind语法HeshowedmearoundthefactoryheonceworkedHeshowedmearoundthefactoryheonceworkedin.Thereasonheexplainedtousforhisbeinglateisunbelievable・ThereasonhecamelateisreasonableIwillneverforgetthedaysweworkedtogether.Iwillneverforgetthedayswespenttogether.Thehousewindowswerebrokenfacessouth・答案：44.where45.which/that46.which/that47.why48.when49.which/that50.whose重难聚焦重点单词要点1owe【例题】workingtirelesslyforthehungry,thehomelessandthesick,MotherTeresawasawardedtheNobelPeacePrizein1979.BecauseOwingtoThanksforAs解析:首先排除C,正确的用法是thanksto;because,as表原因吋是项。D连词，但后面是非谓语动词短语，所以排除A项。D答案：B归纳与迁移(1)欠债，负债，欠Heowesmefivedollars•他欠我5美元。Iowethemanapology•我应向他们道歉。(2)感恩于，应归功于

Sheoweshergoodhealthtodietandexercise.她的健康归功于饮食和锻炼。Youseemtooweyourneighborsagrudge.看起来你对你的邻居满怀怨恨。(3)由于；因为owingtoprep・Icouldn'tattend,owingtoillness.因为有病，我不能参加4)becauseof;onaccountof因为；由于要点2live例题】Thegreatestscientistlikedtowatchpro^agiiv©；-aliveB.live;liveC.alive;例题】Thegreatestscientistlikedtowatchpro^agiiv©；-aliveB.live;liveC.alive;live解析:alive“活着的”,D.live;alive作后置定语;live“现场直播的”。答案：C归纳与迁移live多用作前置定语。活着的，热门的，现场的adj.liveanimals活着的动物alivetopic;热门话题stillaliveoption仍然热门的选择alivetelevisionprogram现场直播的电视节目liveentertainment现场娱乐活动

alive多用作表语，后置定语或补语。活着的，活跃的Thefishwecaughtisstillalive•我们捉的鱼还活着。Inmostcases,bothparentswerestillaliveandstillmarriedtoeachother.大多数情况下,他们的父母都还活着,而且仍然保持着婚姻关系。Theargumentwaskeptalivebythepoliticians.政治家们还在继续争论那件事。活泼的;充满生机和活力的；精力旺盛的；踊跃的(3)livelyadj.alivelybaby一个活泼的婴孩alivelytune欢快的乐曲alivelydiscussion踊跃的讨论（4）lovely可爱的；充满了爱的，有爱意的alovelygirl漂亮的女孩alovelyscene迷人的风景要点3beat【例题】Whenevershesawtheyoungman,shewouldfeelherheartfhst.A.runningfhst.A.runningB.beatingC.strikingD.hitting解析:A项的意思是“流动”C的意思是“袭击；敲打”D的意思是“撞击”。答案：B归纳与迁移(1)反复击打Wavesbeattheshore海浪拍击着海岸(2)打拍子击打以发出乐声或信号beatadrum击鼓⑶战胜，压倒，打败(defeat)对手beatthepetitor打败对手beattheteam打败那个队(4)击溃，击退beatbacktheenemy击退敌人重点短语要点1inall例题】___,wesimplycouldn'taffordtopaysuchahighprice.Secondlynobuildingsocietywouldlendussomuchmoney.AfterallAtallFirstofallAtfirst解析:secondly“其次”，由此可以看出是表示列举的顺序。afterall毕竟，;atall根本;atfirst起先。答案：C归纳与迁移aboveall最重要的是，首先;尤其是，特别是afterall毕竟，终究，归根结底atall完全,全然;究竟;竟然;在任何程度上forall尽管forallthat(this)尽管如此forgoodandall永久地，一劳永逸地Graspall,loseall.\样样都抓，样样失掉；贪多必失。inall总计;总的说来It'sallup.(=Allisup.)［口］一切都完了;毫无希望了。notatall一点也不要点2takeoff【例题】Afterrecoveringfromhisillness，hewasadvisedtogardeningasahobby.takeawayB.takeoffC.takeonD.takeup解析:takeupsth•的意思是“从事，拿起”。答案：D归纳与迁移(1)脱掉(衣服)Itookmyhatofftohimforthewayhearrangedtheparty.我对他安排社交聚会的方式表示佩服。Takeoffyourclothes;they'reverywet.脱掉你的衣服，衣服湿透了。"

(2)模仿(别人的神态)Helikestotakehisteacheroff.他喜欢模仿他的老师。(飞机)起飞Theplanetookoffatthreeo'clock.飞机三点钟起飞了。Thenurseryteacheroftenleadsherchildrentowatchaircraftstakeofforland幼儿园教师经常带领孩子们去看飞机起飞或降落。要点3gotmarried【例题】—WhendidJohn?HeonMay23.bemarried;marriedHeonMay23.bemarried;marriedgetmarried;marriedmarried;wasmarriedgetmarried;married;wasmarriedgetmarried;wasmarried解析:根据第二部分的选项，先排除C和D两项，因为“bemarried”表示一种状态，此处表示瞬间的动作；同样，可以排除A。答案：B归纳与迁移如何使用marry—词marry在大多数情况下是及物动词，需要宾语或用被动语态她什么时候结的婚？

误：Whendidshemarry?正：Whendidshegetmarried?⑵在有副词修饰吋，marry可作不及物动词Shemarriedveryearly.她结婚很早。(3)“和某人结婚”不能用with，而用to,也可以什么介词也不用，但应注意句型搭配：她和一个医生结了婚。误：Shemarriedwithadoctor.误：正：Shewasmarriedwithadoctor.正：Shemarriedadoctor.正：Shewasmarriedtoadoctor.(4)marry和getmarried都是非延续性动词，因此不能与表示段时间的状语连用；表示结婚已有一段时间应该用bemarried。他们结婚已经10年了。误：Theyhave(got)marriedfortenyears.正：Theyhavebeenmarriedfortenyears.正：正：They(got)marriedtenyearsago.Itistenyearssincetheygotmarried正：⑤问现在的婚姻“状态”吋，可说“Isshemarried(orsingle)?”但不说“Hasshemarried?”必背句型要点1WhilewatchingTitanic,mostpeoplecouldn'thelpcrying...禁不住【例题】（xx湖北，24）一Howdoyouliketherecorder?——Itcan'thelpmyspokenEnglishandIcan'thelpitawaA.