医学英语常用词汇

西医篇：1、医院部门及科室名称

2、医务人员名称

3、诊断和治疗常用词汇

4、常见疾病名称

5、常见手术名称

6、常用药物名称

7、常用护理术语

8、常用临床医学术语

9、医疗器材

10、医学英语快速记忆－后缀

11、主要人体系统名称

12、医院类型名称

13、医学词汇

14、医学常用字首与字根

医院部门及科室名称out-patientdepartment门诊部In-patientdepartment住院部Nursingdepartment护理部Admissionoffice住院处Dischargeoffice出院处

Registrationoffice挂号处

clinicallaboratory临床实验室

clinicallaboratory临床实验室

Departmentofpsychiatry精神科

Receptionroom,waitingroom侯诊室

Consultationroom诊察室

Isolationroom隔离室

Deliveryroom分娩室

Emergencyroom急诊室

Ward病房室

Departmentofinternalmedicine内科

Departmentofsurgery外科

Departmentofpediatrics儿科

Departmentofobstetricsandgynecology妇科

Departmentofneurology神经科

Departmentofophtalmology眼科

Departmentofstomatology口腔科

Departmentofurology泌尿科

Departmentoforthopedic骨科

Departmentoftraumatology创伤科

Departmentofendocrinology内分泌科

Departmentofanesthesiology麻醉科

Departmentofdermatology皮肤科

Departmentofinfectiousdiseases传染病科

Departmentofpathology病理科

Departmentoforthopacdicsurgery矫形外科

Departmentofcardiacsurgery心脏外科

Departmentofcerebralsurgery脑外科

Departmentofthoracicsurgery胸外科

Pharmacydispensary药房

Nutritiondepartment营养部Diet-preparationdepartment配膳室Therapeuticdepartment治疗室

Operatingroom/Theater手术室

Blood-bank血站Supply-room供应室

Disinfection-room消毒室

Dressingroom换药室

Mortuary太平间

Recordroom病案室

Departmentofplasticsurgery矫形外科

Departmentofphysiotherapy理疗科electrotherapyroom电疗科heliotherapyroom光疗科wax-therapyroom蜡疗科hydrotherapyroom水疗科centrallaboratory中心实验室

bacteriologicallaboratory细菌实验室biochemicallaboratory生化实验室

serologicallaboratory血清实验室

X-rayroomX光室

doctor'soffice医生办公室

nurse'soffice护士办公室

医务人员名称

directorofthehospital院长

physician内科医师

chiefphysician主任医师

associatechiefphysician副主任医师

attendingdoctor主治医师

residentdoctor住院医师

interndoctor实习医师

generalpractitioner全科医师

specialist专科医师

headofthenursingdepartment护理部主任

Headnurse护士长

Studentnurse实习护士

Ophthalmologist眼科医师

Dentist牙科医师

Orthopedist骨科医师

Controller总务科长

Controller总务科长

Dermatologist皮肤科医师urologistsurgeon泌尿外科医师

neurosurgeon神经外科医师

plasticsurgeon矫形外科医师

anaesthetist麻醉科医师

Doctorfortuberculosis结核科医师

Physiotherapist理疗科

Doctorforinfectiousdiseases传染病科

Dietician营养科医师

Pediatrician儿科医师

Obstetrician产科医师

Midwife助产师

Gynecologist妇科医师

Radiologist放射科医师

Epidemiologist流行病医师

Pharmacist药剂医师

Assistantpharmacist药剂医士

Laboratorytechnician化验员

Assistantnurse卫生员

Cleaner清洁员

Registrar挂号员

follow-upexamination随访检查

follow-upexamination随访检查

Sanitationworker消毒员

诊断和治疗常用词汇

inspection望诊

inquiry问诊

auscultation听诊

percussion扣诊

palpation触诊

biopsy活组织检查

pathologicalsection病理切片

endoscopy内窥镜检查

ECG(electrocardiogram)examination心电图检查EEG(electrocardiogram)examination脑电图检查Intravenouspyelography静脉肾盂造影术Skin-test皮肤试验

examinationbycentesis穿刺检查routineanalysisofblood血常规分析urineanalysisofblood尿常规分析redbloodcellcount(RBC)红细胞计数whitebloodcellcount(WBC)白细胞计数generalcheck-up全身检查routineexamination常规检查

consultation会诊emergency急诊diagnosis诊断prognosis预后convalescence,recovery康复relapse复发treatment治疗prescribe开药方fillaprescription配药injecting打针hypodermicinjection皮下注射intramuscularinjection肌肉注射intravenousinjection静脉注射inoculating预防注射fluidinfusion点滴注射bloodtransfusion输血dose剂量tablet药片capsule胶囊liquidmedicine药水powder药粉ointment药膏（软膏）plaster硬膏，石膏lotion洗剂suppository栓剂analgesics止痛药antipyetics退烧药antitussive止咳药expectorant祛痰药diuretics利尿药hemostatic止血药antidiarrheal止泄药antipruritic止痒药antidote解毒药antirheumatic抗风湿药anticarcinogen抗癌药antibiotics抗菌素anticoagulant抗凝剂cardiactonic强心药vasodilator血管舒张药vasoconstrictor血管收缩药antiepileptic抗癫痫药antispasmodic解痉药sedative镇静药

anesthetics麻醉药penicillin盘尼西林

streptomycin链霉素

gentamycin庆大霉素

aspirin阿斯匹林

morphine吗啡

dolantin杜冷丁

iodine碘酒

distilledwater蒸馏水

normalsalinesolution生理食盐水

atropine阿托品

hormone激素

glucose葡萄糖

sideeffect,adverseeffect副作用

operativetreatment手术疗法

majoroperation大手术

minoroperation小手术anesthesia麻醉

generalanesthesia全身麻醉

localanesthesia局部麻醉excision,removal,resection切除术tonsillectomy扁桃体切除术thyroidectomy甲状腺切除术pneumonectomy肺切除术mastectomy乳房切除术gastrectomy胃切除术cholecystectomy胆囊切除术hepalobectomy肝叶切除术splenectomy脾切除术nephrectomy肾切除术salpingectomy输卵管切除术hysterectomy子宫切除术hysteromyomectomy子宫肌瘤切除术proctectomy直肠切除术appendectomy阑尾切除术prostatectomy前列腺切除术tracheotomy气管切开术incisionofabscess脓肿切开术craniotomy颅骨切开thoracotomy胸廓切开laparotomy剖腹术amputation截肢fixation固定hotcompress热敷

coldcompress冷敷gastriclavage洗胃

enema灌肠

urethralcatheterication导尿hemostasis止血

dressing包扎

sewuptheincision缝合切口removethestitches拆线cardiacmassage心脏按摩artificialrespiration人工呼吸diet饮食

specialdiet特定饮食

lowproteindiet低蛋白饮食

lowfatdiet低脂肪饮食

lowcaloriediet低热量饮食liquiddiet流质饮食semi-liquiddiet半流质饮食soliddiet固体饮食lightdiet易消化的饮食vegetablediet素食4.常见疾病名称

InternalMedicine内科

Acidosis酸中毒

Adams-Stokessyndrome亚－斯氏综合症alcoholism,alcoholicintoxication酒精中毒alkalosis碱中毒

anaphylaxis过敏症

anemia贫血

irondeficiencyanemia缺铁性贫血megaloblasticanemia巨幼红细胞性贫血aplasticanemia再生障碍性贫血angiitis脉管炎

anginapectoris心绞痛

arteriosclerosis动脉硬化

apoplexy中风

auricularfibrillation心房纤颤auriculo-ventricularblock房室传导阻滞bronchialasthma支气管哮喘

bronchitis支气管炎

bronchiectasis支气管扩张bronchopneumonia支气管肺炎carcinoma癌

cardiacarrhythmia心律紊乱

cardiacfailure心力衰竭

cardiomyopathy心肌病

cirrhosis肝硬化

coronaryarterioscleroticheartdisease冠状动脉硬化性心脏病

Crohndisease克罗恩病

Cushing'ssyndrome库欣综合症

diabetes糖尿病

diffuseintravascularcoagulation弥散性血管凝血

dysentery痢疾

enteritis肠炎

gastriculcer胃溃疡

gastritis胃炎

gout痛风

hepatitis肝炎

Hodgkin'sdisease霍奇金病

hyperlipemia高脂血症，血脂过多

hyperparathyroidism甲状旁腺功能亢进

hypersplenism脾功能亢进

hypertension高血压

hyperthyroidism甲状腺功能亢进

hypoglycemia低血糖

hypothyroidism甲状腺功能减退

infectiveendocarditis感染性心内膜炎

influenza流感leukemia白血病

lobarpneumonia大叶性肺炎

lymphadenitis淋巴结炎

lymphoma淋巴瘤

malaria疟疾

malnutrition营养不良

measles麻疹

myeloma骨髓瘤

myocardialinfarction心肌梗死

myocarditis心肌炎

nephritis肾炎

nephriticsyndrome肾综合症

obstructivepulmonaryemphysema阻塞性肺气肿

pancreatitis胰腺炎

pepticulcer消化性溃疡

peritonitis腹膜炎

pleuritis胸膜炎

pneumonia肺炎

pneumothorax气胸

purpura紫癜

allergicpurpura过敏性紫癜

thrombocytolyticpurpura血小板减少性紫癜pyelonephritis肾盂肾炎renalfailure肾功能衰竭rheumaticfever风湿病

rheumatoidarthritis类风湿性关节炎scarletfever猩红热

septicemia败血症syphilis梅毒tachycardia心动过速tumour肿瘤typhoid伤寒

ulcerativecolitis溃疡性结肠炎

uppergastrointestinalhemorrhage上消化道血Neurology神经科

brainabscess脑脓肿

cerebralembolism脑栓塞

cerebralinfarction脑梗死

cerebralthrombosis脑血栓cerebralhemorrhage脑出血concussionofbrain脑震荡craniocerebralinjury颅脑损伤epilepsy癫痫

intracranialtumour颅内肿瘤

intracranialhematoma颅内血肿meningitis脑膜炎

migraine偏头痛

neurasthenia神经衰弱

neurosis神经官能症

paranoidpsychosis偏执性精神病

Parkinson'sdisease帕金森综合症

psychosis精神病

schizophrenia精神分裂症

Surgery外科

abdominalexternalhernia腹外疝

acutediffuseperitonitis急性弥漫性腹膜炎

acutemastitis急性乳腺炎

acutepancreatitis急性胰腺炎

acuteperforationofgastro-duodenalulcer急性胃十二扌旨肠溃疡穿孑Lacutepyelonephritis急性肾盂肾炎

analfissure肛裂

analfistula肛瘘

anesthesia麻醉

angioma血管瘤

appendicitis阑尾炎

bleedingofgastro-duodenalulcer胃十二指肠溃疡出血bonetumour骨肿瘤

breastadenoma乳房腺瘤

burn烧伤

cancerofbreast乳腺癌

carbuncle痈

carcinomaofcolon结肠炎

carcinomaofesophagus食管癌

carcinomaofgallbladder胆囊癌

carcinomaofrectum直肠癌

carcinomaofstomach胃癌cholecystitis胆囊炎

cervicalspondylosis颈椎病choledochitis胆管炎cholelithiasis胆石症

chondroma软骨瘤

dislocationofjoint关节脱位

erysipelas丹毒

fracture骨折

furuncle疖

hemorrhoid痔hemothorax血胸hypertrophyofprostate前列腺肥大

intestinalobstruction肠梗阻

intestinaltuberculosis肠结核

lipoma脂肪瘤

lithangiuria尿路结石

liverabscess肝脓肿

melanoma黑色素瘤

osseoustuberculosis骨结核

osteoclastoma骨巨细胞瘤

osteoporosis骨质疏松症

osteosarcoma骨质疏松症

osteosarcoma骨肉瘤

Paget'sdisease佩吉特病

perianorecrtalabscess肛管直肠周围脓肿phlegmon蜂窝织炎

portalhypertension门静脉高压

prostatitis前列腺炎

protrusionofintervertebraldisc椎间盘突出

purulentarthritis化脓性关节炎

pyogenicostcomyclitis化脓性骨髓炎pyothorax脓胸

rectalpolyp直肠息肉

rheumatoidarthritis类风湿性关节炎

ruptureofspleen脾破裂

scapulohumeralperiarthritis肩周炎

tenosynovitis腱鞘炎

tetanus破伤风

thromboangiitis血栓性脉管炎

thyroidadenocarcinoma甲状腺腺癌

thyroidadenoma甲状腺腺瘤

trauma创伤

urinaryinfection泌尿系感染

varicoseveinoflowerlimb下肢静脉曲张

Paediatrics儿科

acutemilitarytuberculosisofthelung急性粟粒性肺结核

acutenecroticenteritis急性坏死性结肠炎

anaphylacticpurpura过敏性紫癜

ancylostomiasis钩虫病

ascariasis蛔虫病

asphyxiaofthenewborn新生儿窒息

atrialseptaldefect房间隔缺损

birthinjury产伤

cephalhematoma头颅血肿cerebralpalsy脑性瘫痪congenitaltorticollis先天性斜颈convulsion惊厥

Down'ssyndrome唐氏综合症glomerulonephritis肾小球肾炎hemophilia血友病

infantilediarrhea婴儿腹泻

intracranialhemorrhageofthenewborn新生儿颅内出血intussusception肠套叠

necroticenterocolitisofnewborn新生儿坏死性小肠结膜炎neonataljaundice新生儿黄疸

nutritionalirondeficiencyanemia营养性缺铁性贫血nutritionalmegaloblasticanemia营养性巨幼细胞性贫血patentductusarteriosis动脉导管未闭

poliomyelitis骨髓灰质炎

prematureinfant早产儿

primarytuberculosis原发性肺结核

progressivemusculardystrophy进行性肌肉营养不良pulmonarystenosis肺动脉狭窄purulentmeningitis化脓性脑膜炎

rickets佝偻病

sepsisofthenewborn新生儿败血症tetanusofthenewborn新生儿破伤风

endometriosis子宫内膜异位症

endometriosis子宫内膜异位症

tetralogyofFallot法洛四联症thrush鹅口疮，真菌性口炎

varicella水痘

ventricularseptaldefect室间隔缺损

viralencephalitis病毒性脑炎

viralmyocarditis病毒性心肌炎

GynecologyandObstetrics妇，产科

abortion流产

adenomyosis子宫内膜异位症

amnioticfluidembolism羊水栓塞

Bartholin'scyst巴氏腺囊肿

carcinomaofcervix子宫颈癌

carcinomaofendometrium子宫内膜癌

carcinomaofovary卵巢癌

cervicitis宫颈炎chorio-epithelioma绒毛膜上皮癌corporaluteumcyst黄体囊肿dystocia难产

eclampsia子痫edema-proteinuria-hypertensionsyndrome水肿蛋白尿高血压综合征（妊娠高血压综合征）

labyrinthitis迷路炎，内耳炎

extrauterinepregnancy子宫外孕hydatidiformmole葡萄胎

hyperemesisgravidarum妊娠剧吐infertility不育症

irregularmenstruation月经失调lochia恶露

monilialvaginitis念珠菌性阴道炎multiplepregnancy多胎妊娠myomaofuterus子宫肿瘤oligohydramnios羊水过少ovariantumour卵巢肿瘤pelvicinflammatorydisease盆腔炎placentaprevia前置胎盘placentalabruption胎盘早期剥离pregnancy-hypertensionsyndrome妊娠高血压综合症prematurebirth早产

prematureruptureofmembrane胎膜早破postpartumhemorrhage产后出血puerperalinfection产褥感染ruptureofuterus子宫破裂trichomonasvaginitis滴虫性阴道炎uteroplacentalapoplexy子宫胎盘卒中

vulvitis外阴炎

OphthalmologyandOtorhinolaryngology五官科amblyopia弱视

amygdalitis,tonsillitis扁桃体炎astigmatism散光

carcinomaofnasopharynx鼻咽癌

carcinomaoflarynx喉癌

cataract白内障

tinnitus耳鸣

chalazion霰粒肿，脸板腺囊肿

colourblindness色盲

deflectionofnasalseptum鼻中隔偏曲deafness聋

furuncleofnasalvestibule鼻前庭疖glaucoma青光眼

heterotropia斜视

hyperopia远视

injuryofcornea角膜损伤

ceruminalimpaction耵聍嵌塞

iritis虹膜炎

keratitis角膜炎

laryngitis喉炎mastoiditis乳突炎

myopia近视

nasalsinusitis鼻窦炎

otitismedia中耳炎

obstructionoflarynx喉梗阻peritonsillarabscess扁桃体中脓肿pharyngitis咽炎

rhinitis鼻炎

Dermatoloty皮科

acne痤疮

carcinomaofskin皮肤癌

bedsore褥疮

decubitusulcer褥疮性溃疡

drugeruption药皮疹

eczema湿疹

herpessimplex单纯疱疹

herpeszoster带状疱疹

lupuserythematosis红斑狼疮

psoriasis牛皮癣

urticaria荨麻疹

wart疣

thyroidlobectomy甲状腺叶切除术

thyroidlobectomy甲状腺叶切除术

5.常见手术名称

GeneralSugery普外

appendectomy(appendicectomy)阑尾切除术cholecystectmy胆囊切除术cholecystostomy胆囊造口术drainageoftheabscess脓肿引流enterostomy肠造口术

exploratorylaparotomy开腹探查术

gastrectomy胃切除术

gastroduodenostomy胃十二指肠吻合术hemorrhoidectomy痔切除术hepaticotomy肝管切开术hepatectomy肝切除术herniorrhaphy疝修补术

ligationofloweroesophagealveins低位食管静脉结扎pancreatectomy胰切除术

portalvenacavaanastomosis门腔静脉吻合术pyloroplasty幽门成形术mastectomy乳房切除术

splenectomy脾切除术

thyroidectomy甲状腺切除术

vagotomy迷走神经切断术

Orthopedics骨科

amputation截肢

arthrodesis关节固定术

curettageifbonetumor骨瘤刮除术

excisionofbonetumor骨瘤切除术

externalfixation外固定

fasciotomy筋膜切开术

freeskingraft自由皮瓣移植

internalfixation内固定

plastercast石膏管形

plastersplintage石膏夹板固定

prostheticreplacementforjoint人工关节置换术

reductionoffracture骨折复位

reductionofjointdislocation关节脱位复位

repairifligament韧带修补

replantationifdigit断扌旨再植

skeletaltraction骨牵引

tenorrhaphy腱缝合术

ThoracicSurgery胸外科

aortocoronarybypass主动脉冠状动脉分流closeddrainageofpleuralcavity胸腔闭式引流completeintracardiacrepairofFallot'sTetralogy法洛完全修复术dilationofaorticvalularstenosis主动脉瓣狭窄扩张术exploratorythoracotomy开胸探查hearttransplantation心脏移植

heartvalvereplacement心脏瓣膜置换术

ligationofpatentductusarteriosis动脉导管未闭结扎术lobectomyoflungs肺叶切除

localexcisionoftumoroflungs肺肿瘤局部切除术parialesophagectomyandreconstructionofesophagus食管部分切除、重建

repairofauricularseptaldefect房间隔缺损修补术repairifventricularseptaldefect室间隔缺损修补术repairifvalvularinsufficiency瓣膜闭锁不全的修补pericardiectomy心包切除术

peicardiotomy心包切开术pulmonaryembolectomy肺动脉栓子切除术

resectionofarterialaneurysm动脉瘤切除术

Urology泌尿科

cystoplasty膀胱成形术cystostomy膀胱造口术nephrectomy肾切除术nephrostomy肾造口术

toothextraction拔牙

Gynecology&Obstetrics妇产科

toothextraction拔牙

Gynecology&Obstetrics妇产科

nephrolithotomy肾石切除术

orchiectomy睾丸切除术

prostatectomy前列腺切除术

renalbiopsy肾活检

renaltransplantation肾移植

urethraTithotomy输尿管结石切除

urethroplasty尿道成形术

vasoligation输精管结扎术

Neurosurgery神经外科

decompression减压术

excisionofbraintumor脑瘤切除术

exploratorycraniotomy开颅探查术

lobectomy（脑）叶切除术

removedofintracranialhematoma颅内血肿清除术

repairofduradefect硬脑膜缺损修补术

Dentistry牙科

dentalprosthetics镶牙

filling牙填充

orthodontictreatment牙矫正术

periodontaltreatment牙周治疗

amniocentesis羊膜穿刺术cervicectomy子宫颈切除术cesareansection剖宫产术剖腹产culdocentesis后穹隆穿刺术dilatationofthecervix宫颈扩张术excisionofBartholincyst巴氏腺囊肿切除术hysterectomy子宫切除术inductionoflabor引产术ovariancystectomy助产术oophorectomy卵巢切除术salpingectomy输卵管切除术sterilization绝育术uterinecuretlage刮宫术vulvectomy外阴切除术

Ophthalmology&Otorhinolaryngology五官科aspirationofcataract白内障吸出术closedreductionofnasalbone鼻骨闭合复位cornealgrafting角膜移植enucleationofeyeball眼球摘除术excisionofturbinates鼻甲切除术extractionofintra-ocularforeignbody眼内异物摘除laryngectomyandlaryngostomy喉切除术和喉造口术lensextraction晶体摘除mastoidectomy乳突切开术

myringotomy鼓膜切开术myringoplasty鼓膜成形术nasalpolypectomy鼻息肉切除术

septoplasty（鼻）中隔成形术

sinusotomy鼻窦切开术

submuscousresectionofnasalseptum鼻中隔粘膜下切除术tonsillectomy扁桃体切除术

tympanoplasty鼓室成形术

6.常用药物名称

Antibiotics抗生素

albomycin白霉素

ampicillin氨苄青霉素

berberine黄连素carbenicillin羧苄青霉素

cephaloridine先锋霉素II

cephtlothin先锋霉素I

chloromycetin氯霉素erythromycin红霉素

furbenicillin呋苄青霉素gentamycin庆大霉素griseofulvin灰黄霉素kanamycin卡那霉素

meecamycin,medemycin麦迪加霉素，麦迪霉素neomycin新霉素

penicillinG青霉素G

polymyxinB多粘菌素B

streptomycin链霉素

terramycin合霉素

terramycin土霉素

SulfonamidesandFuraneDerivatives磺胺类及呋喃类药furacilin呋喃西林

furazolicone呋喃唑酮，痢特灵sulfacetamide(SA)磺胺醋酰

sulfaciazine(SD)磺胺嘧啶

sulfadimidine(SM2)磺胺二甲嘧啶sulfamethoxazole新诺明，磺胺甲恶唑

trimethoprim(TMP)增效磺胺

SedativesandTranquilizers镇静、安定药chlordiazepoxide,librium利眠宁

chlorpromazine,wintermine氯丙嗪,冬眠药

diazepam,valium地西泮，安定fluphenazine氟奋乃静

meprobamate,miltown甲丙氨酯，眠尔通

oryzanol谷维素

pentobarbital戊巴比妥

perphenazine奋乃静

phenobarbital,luminal本巴比妥，鲁米那

Analgesics镇痛药

codeinephosphate磷酸可待因

dolantin,pethidine度冷丁，哌替啶

opiumtincture阿片酊

pentazocine镇痛新

Analgesics解热镇痛药

analgin安乃近

aspirin阿司匹林

aspirincompoundtablet(APC)复方阿司匹林

butazolidin,butazone保泰松

chlofenamicacid抗风湿灵，氯灭酸

indomethacin,indacin吲哆美辛，消炎痛ibuprofen布洛芬

paracetamol对乙酰氨基酚，扑热息痛

phenacetin非那西丁

somedon索密痛

AtitussivesandBronchialSpasmRelaxants镇咳、解痉药

aerosolisoprenaline异丙肾上腺素气雾剂aminophylline氨茶碱

carbetapentane,toclase咳必清brownmixture棕色合剂，复方干草合剂chloperastine咳平ephedrine麻黄素

isoprenaline异丙肾上腺素salbutamol舒喘灵

DragsforDigestiveDiseases消化系统疾病用药yeast酵母片

Lactasin,biofermin乳酶生

pancreatin胰酶

pepsin胃蛋白酶

atropine阿托品

belladonnaextract颠茄浸膏benactyzine胃复康probanthine普鲁苯辛sodiumbicarbonate小苏打vitaminU维生素Uranitidine雷尼替丁liquidparaffin液体石蜡magnesiumsulfate硫酸镁dehydrocholicacid去氢胆酸glucurone肝泰乐

glutamicacid谷氨酸

sodiumtaurocholate胆酸钠

DrugsforCardiovascularDiseases心血管疾病用药lidocaine利多卡因

mexiletine美西律

oxprenolol氧烯洛尔，心得平

procainamidhydrochloride盐酸普鲁卡因胺propranololdinitrate普萘洛尔，心得安persantin双咪哌胺醇，潘生丁

quinidine奎尼丁

verapamil异博定nitroglycerine硝酸甘油nifedipine硝苯地平，心痛定

isosorbidedinitrate硝酸异山梨酯，消心痛digoxin地高辛

digitoxin洋地黄毒甙

cedilanid西地兰

AntihypertensiveDrugs抗高血压药atenolol氨酰心安

captopril开博通，卡托普利

furazosin派唑嗪

methyldopa甲基多巴

nimodipinetablet尼莫地平片reserpine利血平

sodiumnitroprusside硝普钠

vertical降压灵

dibazol地巴唑

AntituberculosisDrugs抗结核药

ethambutol乙胺丁醇

isoniazid异烟肼

para-aminosalicylicacid(PAS)对氨基水杨酸

pyrazinamide吡嗪酰胺

rifampin禾U福平

AntifungalandAntiviralAgents抗真菌及抗病毒药amphotericin二性霉素

clotrimazole克霉唑

flagyl灭滴灵，甲硝唑

ketoconazole酮康唑

nystatin制霉菌素amantadine金刚烷胺，金刚胺

moroxydine(ABOB)病毒灵，吗啉胍

AntianemicAgents抗贫血药calciumleucovorin甲酰四氢叶酸钙，甲叶钙cobaltchloride氯化钴

ferricammoniumcitrate枸橼酸铁胺，柠檬酸铁胺

ferroussulfate硫酸亚铁，硫酸低铁

folicacid叶酸

irondextran右旋糖酐铁

lliverextract肝精

vitaminB12维生素B12

Anti-allergicAgents抗过敏药

calciumgluconate葡萄糖酸钙

chlorpheniramine扑尔敏

diphenhydramine,benadryl苯海拉明，苯那君histaglobulin组织胺球蛋白

promethazine,phenergan异丙嗪，非那根

Anthelminthics驱肠虫药

areca槟榔

levamisole左旋咪唑，驱钩蛔

piperazinecitrate驱蛔灵

Vitamins维生素

compoundrutin复方芦丁

calciumpantothenate泛酸钙nicotinamide(NAA)烟酰胺

nicotinicacid(NA)烟酸

pyritinolhydrochloricde脑复新

vitaminA维生素A

vitaminBl维生素Bl

vitaminB2,riboflavin维生素B2,核黄素

vitaminB6,pyridoxine维生素B6,吡哆醇

vitaminBcompound复合维生素B

vitaminC,ascorbicacid维生素C,抗坏血酸

vitaminD2,calciferol维生素D2,骨化醇

vitaminD3,cholecalciferol维生素D3,胆维丁

vitaminE,tocopherol维生素E,生育酚

Hormones激素

corticotrophin(ACTH)促肾上腺皮质激素

cortisone可的松

desoxycorticosterone(DOCA)去氧皮质酮

dexamethasone地塞米松

fluocinoloneacetonide肤轻松

hydrocortisone氢化可的松

prednisolone强的松龙，去氢氢化可的松

prednisone强的松,去氢可的松

chorionicgonadotrophin(HCG)绒毛膜促性腺激素,绒膜激素

clomiphene克罗米芬

estradiolbenzoate苯甲酸雌二醇medroxyprogesteroneacetate,provera安宫黄体酮

megestrol甲地孕酮

methyltestosterone甲基睾丸素

progesterone黄体酮

stillboestrol乙烯雌酚

testosteronepropionate丙酸睾丸素

CancerChemotherapeuticDrugsandDrugsontheImmuneSystem肿瘤化疗制剂及免疫系统用药

Adriamycin阿霉素

azathioprine(AZP)硫唑嘌呤

cyclophosphamide(CTX)环磷酰氮芥

cyclosporineA环抱霉素A,环抱灵

cytarabine阿糖胞苷

dactinomycin放线菌素D,更生霉素

fluorouracil氟尿嘧啶

hydrocortisone氢化可的松,氢可的松

interferon干扰素

levamisole左旋四咪唑,左咪唑

methotrexate甲氨蝶呤

thiotepa塞替哌

thymosin胸腺素

furacilinsolution呋喃西林溶液

furacilinsolution呋喃西林溶液

BiologicalProducts生物制品

vincristine(VCR)长春新碱

AgentsUsedforMetabolicDiseases治疗代谢性疾病用药insulin胰岛素

Lugol'ssolution卢戈尔液glibenclamide格列本脲，优降糖propylthiouracil丙基硫氧嘧啶phenformin苯乙双胍，降糖灵tapazole甲巯咪唑，他巴唑thyroid甲状腺，甲状腺剂tolbutamide甲磺丁脲，甲糖宁protaminezincinsulin(PZI)精蛋白锌胰岛素(长效)FluidsforInfusion静脉输液concentratedsodiumchlorideinjection浓氯化钠注射液5%glucoseinnormalsaline(GNS)5％葡萄糖盐水5%glucosesolution(GS)5％葡萄糖溶液

Normalsaline(NS)生理盐水

10%potassiumchloride10％氯化钾

Ringer'ssolution林格溶液，复方氯化钠溶液

5%sodiumbicarbonate5％碳酸氢钠

28.75%sodiumglutamate28.75％谷氨酸钠

11.2%sodiumlactate11.2％乳酸钠

aprotinin抑肽酶

bacillusCalmette-Guerinvaccine卡介苗

cytochromeC细胞色素C

diphtheriaantitoxin(DAT)白喉抗毒素

Gammaglobulin丙种球蛋白

Hyaluronidase透明质酸酶

lysozyme溶菌酶

pancreatin胰酶

streptokinase(SK)溶栓酶，链激酶

tetanusantitoxin破伤风抗霉素

urokinase尿激酶

EyeandENTDrugs眼、耳、鼻、喉用药

atropine阿托品

borax硼沙

chloramphenicoleyedrops氯霉素滴眼液cortisoneacetateeyedrops醋酸可的松滴眼液homatropine后马托品

sodiumsulfacetamide磺胺醋酰钠

boricacidalcohol硼酸酒精

chloramphenicolglycerin氯霉素甘油滴耳液ephedrinenosedrops麻黄素滴鼻液

neomycinsolution新霉素溶液

DrugsforExternalUse外用药

ammoniasolution氨溶液bromo-geramine苯扎溴铵，新洁尔灭hibitane氯已定，洗必泰mercurochrome红汞

phenol酚

potassiumpermanganate(PP)高锰酸钾

silvernitrate硝酸银

turpentineoil松节油

hydrogenperoxide双氧水

gentianviolet甲紫，紫药水

Anesthetics麻醉药

ether乙醚

ethylchloride氯乙烷

procaine普鲁卡因

sodiumpentothal硫喷妥钠

lidocaine利多卡因

fluothane氟烷

7.常用护理术语

Nursingprocesses护理过程

assessment估计

nursingdiagnosis护理诊断planning计划

intervention(implementation,management)措施(实施、管理)evaluation评价

Dailycareofthepatient对病人的日常护理

morning(evening)care,AM(HS)care晨(晚)间护理bedmaking整理床铺

oralhygiene(mouthcare)口腔卫生

brushingtheteeth刷牙

flossingtheteeth清牙垢

denturecare清洗假牙

bathing洗澡

cleanlinessandskincare清洁与皮肤护理

perinealcare洗会阴

hair梳头

shaving刮脸

Careofnailsandfeet指甲修剪和洗脚

changinghospitalgowns更换住院服装

massage按摩

bedsorecare褥疮护理

Measurementofvitalsigns测量生命体征takingoral(rectal,axillary)temperature

量口腔（直肠、腋下）体温takingaradialpulse测量桡动脉脉搏

countingrespirations计呼吸次数

measuring(taking)bloodpressure量血压Catheterization导管插入术

cardiaccatheterization心导管插入术

laryngealcatheterization喉插管术

retro-urethralcatheterization逆行导尿管插入术urethralcatheterization尿道导管插入术

Cleantechniques,medicalasepsis消毒灭菌

asepsis无菌(法)

integralasepsis完全无菌

disinfection消毒

concomitant(concurrent)disinfection随时消毒，即时消毒steamdisinfection蒸汽消毒

terminaldisinfection终末消毒

disinfectionbyultravioletlight紫外线消毒

Sterilization灭菌，消毒

chemicalsterilization化学灭菌法fractionalsterilization间歇灭菌法intermittentsterilization间歇灭菌法mechanicalsterilization器械灭菌法

Decompression减压（术）

oardiacdecompression心减压术

cerebraldecompression脑减压术

orbitaldecompression眼眶减压术decompressionofdecompression心包减压术gastro-intestinaldecompression胃肠减压术decompressionofrectum直肠减压术decompressionofspinalcord脊髓减压术

Dialysis透析

peritonealdialysis腹膜透析

hemodialysis血液透析

Drainage引流、导液

aspiration（suction）drainage吸引导液（引流）closeddrainage关闭引流法

negativepressuredrainage负压吸引法

opendrainage开放引流法

posturaldrainage体位引流法

vaginaldrainage阴道引流法

vesicocelomicdrainage膀胱腹腔引流

Drainage灌肠

bariumenema钡灌肠

blindenema肛管排气法

Isolation隔离、分离

Isolation隔离、分离

Infusion输入，注入

glucoseinfusion葡萄糖液输注

contrastenema对比灌肠glycerinenema甘油灌肠

high(low)enema高(低)位灌肠

magnesiumsulfateenema硫酸镁灌肠

retention(non-retention)enema保留(无保留)灌肠soapsudsenema肥皂水灌肠

turpentineenema松节油灌肠

Feeding饲，喂养

Forced(forcible)feeding强制喂养

intubtaion(tube)feeding管饲法

nasalfeeding鼻饲法

rectalfeeding直肠营养法

Heatandclodapplications冷、热敷

applyinghotcompresses热敷

applyinghotsoaks湿热敷

assistingthepatienttotakeasitzbath帮病人坐浴

applyinghotwaterbottles用热水瓶

applyinganicebag(collar0用冰袋

applyingcoldcompresses冷敷

givingacold(analcohol)spongebath冷水(酒精)擦浴glucose-salineinfusion葡萄糖－盐水输注salineinfusion盐水输注

Injection注射

endermic(intracutaneous)injection皮内注射hypertonicsalineinjection高渗盐水注射hypodermicinjection皮下注射intramuscularinjection肌内注射intraocularinjection眼球注射intrapleuralinjection胸膜腔注射intrauterineinjection子宫内注射nasalinjection鼻内注射peritonealinjection腹膜腔注射rectalinjection直肠注射subconjunctivalinjection结膜下注射urethralinjection尿道注射vaginalinjection阴道注射Irrigation冲洗vaginalirrigation阴道冲洗bladderirrigation膀胱冲洗continuousirrigation连续冲洗法mediateirrigation间接冲洗法

rectalmedication直肠投药法

rectalmedication直肠投药法

strictisolation严密隔离contactisolation接触隔离

respiratoryisolation呼吸隔离

drainage(secretion)precautions引流预防措施

entericprecautions肠道预防措施

blood(bodyfluid)precautions血液(体液)预防措施

protectiveisolation保护性隔离

Lavage灌洗

blood(systemic)lavage血液毒素清洗法

etherlavage(腹腔内)乙醚洗法

gastriclavage洗胃

intestinallavage洗肠

peritoneallavage腹膜腔灌洗

pleurallavage胸膜腔灌洗

Medication药疗，投药，给药

endermicmedication皮内透药法

hypodermaticmedication皮下投药法

intramuscularmedication肌肉投药法

ionicmedication离子透药疗法

nasalmedication鼻内投药法

oralmedication口服法

sublingualmedication舌下投药法transduodenalmedication十二指肠内投药法vaginalmedication阴道投药法

Suctioning吸气引液

upperairwaysuctioning上呼吸道抽吸法nasogastricsuctioning鼻胃抽吸woundsuctioning伤口吸引

Transfusion输血

arterialtransfusion动脉输血bloodtransfusion输血direct(immediate)transfusion直接输血driptransfusion滴注输(血)液indirecttransfusion间接输血plasmatransfusion输血浆serumtransfusion输血清venoustransfusion静脉输血，静脉输液Dietnursing伙食护理absolutediet(fasting)禁食balanceddiet均衡伙食convalescentdiet恢复期饮食diabeticdiet糖尿病饮食eucaloricdiet适当热量饮食

fat-freediet无脂饮食salt-freediet无盐饮食feverdiet热病饮食fulldiet全食，普通饮食halfdiet半食highcaloricdiet高热量饮食high-carbohydratediet高糖类饮食high-protein(proteinrich)diet高蛋白饮食invaliddiet病弱者饮食lightdiet易消化饮食liquiddiet流质饮食highfatdiet高脂饮食lowfatdiet低脂饮食lowcaloricdiet低热量饮食low-proteindiet低蛋白饮食low-residuediet低渣饮食nourishingdiet滋补饮食obesitydiet肥胖病饮食prenataldiet孕期饮食regimendiet规定食谱smooth(soft)diet细软饮食

Preparingthepatientforthesurgery为病人手术前做准备

acutediseases急性病

acutediseases急性病

shavingthepatient'sskin(skinprep)备皮anesthesia麻醉

Postoperativecare手术后护理

coughinganddeep-breathingexercises咳嗽呼吸练习

applyingelasticstockings穿弹性袜

applyingelasticbandages用弹性绷带

Emergencycare(firstaid)急救护理

cardiopulmonaryresuscitation心肺循环复苏术

mouth-to-mouth(mouth-to-nose,mouth-to-stoma)resuscitation口对口(口对鼻，口对颈部小口)循环复苏术

emergencycareforfainting(shock,stroke)victims昏厥(休克、中风)患者急救

emergencycareusedtocontrolhemorrhage止血急救

emergencycaregiventohelpapatientwhoisvomiting呕吐患者急救

emergencycareforapatientduringaseizure癫痫发作急救

hospicecare临终护理

postmortemcare死后护理

8.常用临床医学术语

diseases疾病advanceddiseases病沉重期，晚期疾病

chronicdiseases慢性病communicablediseases传染病complicatingdiseases并发病congenitaldiseases先天性疾病acquireddiseases后天性疾病contagiousdiseases接触性传染病endemicdiseases地方病epidemicdiseases流行病functionaldiseases机能病、官能病infectiousdiseases传染病inheriteddiseases遗传病malignantdiseases恶性病nutritionaldiseases营养病occupationdiseases职业病organicdiseases器质性病paroxysmaldiseases阵发性病periodicaldiseases周期病primary(principal)diseases原发(主导)病secondarydiseases继发病sexual(venereal,social)diseases性病terminaldiseases绝症wastingdiseases消耗性疾病

chiefcomplaint主诉clinicalmanifestation临床表现deliveryhistory分娩史

etiology病因学

familyhistory家族史

history,medicalhistory病史precipitating(induced)诱因maritalstatus婚姻状况menstrualhistory月经史menarche初潮menopause闭经pasthistory既往史pathogenesis发病机制personalhistory个人史symptoms症状cardinalsymptom主要症状classicalsymptom典型症状concomitantsymptom伴发症状constitutional(systemic)symptom全身症状indirectsymptom间接症状inducedsymptom诱发症状localsymptom局部症状

mentalsymptom精神症状symptom-complex(syndrome)symptom综合症，症候群signs体征

antecedent前驱征

assident(accessory)副征

commemorative后遗症

signofdeath死征

diagnostic诊断征

signofdisease病征

subjective自觉征，主观征

veinsign静脉征

vitalsign生命体征

bodylength(heightofthebody)身高

bodyweight体重

barrelchest桶状胸

cachexia恶病质

compulsiveposition被动体位

criticalfacies病危面容

emaciation消瘦

enophthalmos眼球下陷

entropion睑内翻

exophthalmos眼球突出

flushedface面色潮红gain(loss)inweight增加(减轻)体重

lock-jaw牙关紧闭

lordosis脊柱前凸

nasalalaflap鼻翼扇动

nystagmus眼震

obesity肥胖

pallor苍白

scolisis脊柱侧凸

agitation焦急不安

debility,weakness虚弱

diaphoresis出汗，大量出汗

dizziness,vertigo眩晕

lassitude,fatigue无力，倦怠

malaise不适

nightsweat盗汗

numbness麻木

rigor,chill寒冷，发冷

perspiration,sweating出汗pruritus,itching痒，somasthenia躯体无力tingling麻刺感

abscess脓肿

acidosis酸中毒

adhesion粘连

alkalosis碱中毒

allergy过敏

coagulationdefect凝血不良

congestion充血

dehydration脱水

distention膨胀

edema水肿

embolism栓塞，栓塞形成

fluidandelectrolyteimbalance水电解质紊乱

gangrene坏疽

hematoma血肿

hemorrhage,bleeding出血

infarction梗塞，梗死

infection传染

inflammation炎症

ketoacidosis酮酸中毒

metastasis转移

perforation穿孔

necrosis坏死

shock休克response反应，应答

reaction反应，感应

thrombosis血栓形成

ulceration溃疡

fever,pyrexia发烧，发热

continuousfever稽留热

intermittentfever间歇热

low-gradefever低热

remittentfever驰张热

relapsingfever回归热

pain痛

burningpain灼痛

chest(flank,…)pain胸(胁腹…)痛

cramp-likepain痉挛性痛

dull,diffusedpain弥漫性钝痛

pleuriticpain胸膜炎性痛

radiatingpain(painradiatingto…)放射性痛(放射到…疼痛)angina绞痛

cardiacangina心绞痛

backache背痛colic绞痛，急腹痛

hypopnea呼吸不全，呼吸浅表

hypopnea呼吸不全，呼吸浅表

earache耳痛

headache头痛

neuralgia神经痛

migraine偏头痛

reboundtenderness反跳痛

somatalgia躯体痛

sorethroat咽喉痛

stomachache胃痛

toothache牙痛

bloodysputum带血的痰

cough咳嗽

drycough干咳

expectoration咳痰

expectorationofblood咳血

hemoptysis咳血

anoxia缺氧

apnea呼吸暂停，窒息

asthma气喘，哮喘

CheyneStokesrespiration切－斯氏呼吸，潮式呼吸

dyspnea呼吸困难

hyperpneahyperventilation过度呼吸，换气过度

hypoxia低氧，缺氧orthopnea端坐呼吸

respiratoryarrest呼吸停止suffocation窒息tachypnea呼吸急促fetidbreath口臭fruitybreath呼吸有水果味arrhythmia心律失常，心律不齐atelectasis肺不张，肺膨胀不全cardiacarrest心搏骤停cardiachypertrophy心脏肥大cyanosis发绀，青紫

distensionofjugularvein颈静脉怒张extrasystole期外收缩galloprhythm奔马律

hemopleura血胸

hepatojugularreflux肝颈静脉回流

hypovolemia（循环）血容量减少

palpitation心悸

tachycardia心动过速

pneumothorax气胸thrill震颤

absentbreathsounds呼吸音消失

dullsound浊音

hyperresonant鼓音

rale啰音

rhonchus,rhonchi鼾音，干啰音

wheeze哮鸣音

anorexia,lossofappetite食欲不振，厌食

dysphagia吞咽困难

eructation嗳气

belching嗳气

flatulence气胀

flatus肠胃气，屁

gaseousdistention胃胀气

hematemesis呕血

hiccough,hiccup打呃，呃逆

nausea恶心

pyrosis胃灼热

regurgitation反胃，回流

thirsty口渴

vomiting呕吐

analfissure,crackintheanalcanal肛裂ascites腹水

board-likerigidityoftheabdomen板状腹decreasedtactilefremitus触觉性震颤减弱

exophagealvarices食管静脉曲张fistula瘘，瘘管

hemorrhoid痔

hernia疝

hepatomegaly肝肿大

intussusception肠套叠

jaundice黄疸

muscleguarding,defenceoftheabdominalwall腹壁肌卫peristalsis蠕动

lossofperistalsis蠕动消失

massperistalsis总蠕动

retrograde(reversed)peristalsis逆蠕动

prolapse脱垂

prolapseofanus脱肛

rectalprolapse直肠脱垂，脱肛

volvulus肠扭转

calculus结石，石

biliarycalculus胆结石

vesicalcalculus膀胱结石

constipation便秘

defecation排便diarrhea腹泻

incontinenceoffeces大便失禁

hematochezia便血

fecalimpaction大便嵌塞

occultblood潜血

painfulstrainingwithdefecation排便痛性牵动

claycoloredstools陶土色便

dark,granular/coffeegroundemesis咖啡样呕吐物fecalvomiting,stercoraceousvomiting呕粪，吐粪foulfattystools,steatorrhea恶臭脂肪便，脂肪痢scantyandhardstools便少而硬

tarry(black)stools柏油样便

anuria无尿

burningsensationnourination排尿时的灼烧感

dysurea排尿困难，尿痛

enuresis,bedwetting遗尿

frequencyofurination尿频

micturation排尿

uresis,urination,voiding排尿

no