美国概况Chapter 1课件

PartTwoTheUnitedStatesofAmerica10/31/20221英美文化纵览Contents1.AmericanGeography2.AmericanPopulationandEthnicGroups

3.AmericanHistoryI(1600-1900)4.AmericanHistoryII(1900-1945)5.AmericanHistoryIII(PostWWIIEra)

6.AmericanEconomy

7.AmericanGovernment8.AmericanEducation9.AmericanCulturalLife10.AmericanSocialLife

10/31/20222英美文化纵览"Givemeyourtired,yourpoor,

Yourhuddledmassesyearningtobreathefree,

Thewretchedrefuseofyourteemingshore.

Sendthese,thehomeless,tempest-tossedtome.

Iliftmylampbesidethegoldendoor."10/31/20223英美文化纵览TheStar-SpangledBanner

madeupof13alternatingredandwhitestripesand50whitestarsonabluefieldStarsareconsideredasymboloftheheavensandthedivinegoalthestripeissymbolicoftheraysoflightfromthesunWhite:SignifiespurityandinnocenceRed:SignifiesvalorandbraveryBlue:SignifiesVigilance,perseverance,andjustice10/31/20225英美文化纵览NationalFloralEmblem-TheRose

asymboloflove,beauty,war,andpolitics10/31/20226英美文化纵览UncleSamafiguresymbolizingtheUnitedStatesportrayedasatall,white-hairedmanwithagoateeoftendressedinred,white,andblue,andwearsatophat“UncleSam”totheUnitedStatesis“JohnBull”toUKJohnBullUncleSam10/31/20227英美文化纵览UnitedStatesasotherseeitLandofpromiseandopportunity?Noonecandenytheattractionofthiscountrytothoseinneed,tothosedeniedthemeanstoshowthemselvesandgetahead,tothosedeprivedofbasicrightsandtothoseoppressed.SincethedaysoftheearlysettlersLandofmiraclesandachievements?

only200yearsagowasvirtuallyuninhabitedandundevelopednowfindsthrivingcities,bustlingfactories,elaboratetransportationandcommunicationnetworksthingsasthetelephone,electriclight,automobile,combineharvester,computer,andspaceshipallinitiatedfromamericaAbouthalfoftheworld’stotalNobelPrizewinnerssinceWorldWarII10/31/20228英美文化纵览Chapter

1

US

GeographyI.Location&SizeII.TopographyIII.ClimateIV.Regions10/31/202210英美文化纵览10/31/202212英美文化纵览I.LocationandSize5.LargenessoftheUScomparedwiththeothercountriesItisthe4thlargestcountryintheworldinsizeafterRussia,CanadaandChina.6.NumberofstatesintheUSUSisafederalrepublicwithmanystates.Alltogetherthereare50statesintheUS.7.the2neweststatesinUS(the49thand50thstates)Foralongtimetherewere48states,thenin1959AlaskaandHawaiibecamethe49thand50thstates.8.thelargestandsmalleststatesintheUS

8.1OfallthestatesAlaskaisthelargestinareaandRhodeIslandthesmallest.8.2onthemainlandTexasisthelargest.

10/31/202214英美文化纵览MapoftheUnitedStates10/31/202215英美文化纵览10/31/202216英美文化纵览II.Topography---TheFaceoftheLand

1.

Mountains

2majormountainsintheUS:TheAppalachianMountainsandtheRockyMountains1.1

TheAppalachianMountains1.1.1runslightlyfromthenortheasttosouthwest

1.1.2old(havebeenwornoutovermillionsofyears)andlow(thehighestpeakisonlyalittleover2,000metres)1.1.3notedforvirginforestsandmines

1.1.4servedasanaturalbarrierforwestwardmovementduringtheearlysettlement.

1.2TheRockyMountains1.2.1runslightlyfromthenorthwesttosoutheast1.2.2younger(areconsideredasyoungasChina’sHimalayas)andhigh(withthehigherpeakElbertofabout4,500metres)1.2.3thebackboneoftheNorthAmericancontinentandisknownastheContinentalDivide.1.2.4famousforlotsofnaturalnationalparks

10/31/202217英美文化纵览II.Topography---TheFaceoftheLand2.RiversTheriversinthecountryaremainlylyingbetweentheAppalachianandRockyMountains.2.1TheMississippi2.1.13,782kilometreslong2.1.2TheMississippianditstributariesdrainoneoftherichestfarmareasintheworld

2.1.3Theyforma19,000-kilometresystemofwaterwaysandserveasimportantmeansoftransportation.2.1.4called“fatherofwaters”andthe“oldmanriver”

2.2

TheMissouri2.2.1over6,000kilometresandisoneofthelongestriversintheworld2.2.2runs3,725kilometresbeforeitjoinstheMississippi

10/31/202218英美文化纵览II.Topography---TheFaceoftheLand2.3

TheOhio2.3.1about1,500kilometreslong2.3.2calledtheAmericanRuhr(aftertheRuhrRiver鲁尔河inGermany),famousforitsrichvaluabledeposits2.3.3Theareaiswellknownforitssteelindustry

2.4OnthePacificsidethereare2greatrivers:theColoradointhesouth,andthe

ColumbiarisesinCanada.2.5TheHudson3.TheGreatLakesThemostimportantlakesintheUSaretheGreatLakes,whichinclude3.1LakeSuperior苏必利尔湖：thelargestfreshwaterlakeintheworld.3.2LakeMichigan密歇根湖：theonlyoneentirelyintheUS3.3LakeHuron休伦湖3.4LakeErie伊利湖LakeOntario安大略湖TheyarealllocatedbetweenCanadaandtheUSexceptLakeMichigan.

10/31/202220英美文化纵览III.Climate

1.WhatisthegeneralclimaticfeatureoftheUS?1.1TheUSislocatedinthemiddlelatitudesnorthoftheequator.1.2Owingtoitslocationinthenortherntemperatezone,generallyspeakingthelargepartofUSenjoyscontinentalclimate.2.WhatarethedifferenttypesofclimateintheUS?2.1WhyaretheclimatevariedintheUS?owingtoitslargesizeandvariedlandforms

2.2Whatarethedifferenttypesofclimateindifferentregions?2.2.1Continentalclimate:inthenortheasternpart

2.2.2Humidsubtropicalclimate:IntheSouth-eastern

2.2.3Humidcontinentalandhumidsubtropicalclimate:inthecentralpart

2.2.4Maritimeclimate:ThePacificNorthwest

10/31/202221英美文化纵览IV.GeographicalRegions2.TheMiddleAtlanticstates2.1

TheMiddleAtlanticstatesareNew,Pennsylvania,NewJersey,Delaware,Marylan,andWestVirginia.2.2

Itisahighlyindustrializedareaandthenervecenterofthecountry.2.3

Thenation’scapitalcityWashingtonD.C.locateshere.2.4Theareaisfamousforitsfinancial,manufacturing.3.TheMidwest

3.1itincludes12states.3.2Thestateslieinthenorthernpart

3.3amajormanufacturingregionandthenation’sleadingcenterofheavyindustry

10/31/202223英美文化纵览IV.GeographicalRegions4.TheAmericanSouth4.1itincludes13states.4.2agriculturewasforlongthechiefoccupationofthesouth4.3ahumidsubtropicalclimate.TheclimatehasalsomadepartsoftheSouthleadingvacationresorts

4.4richinmineralresources.Itisoneoftherichestoil-producingregionsintheworld.5.TheGreatPlains5.1

Livestockraisingisthechiefoccupationhere.5.2

Miningandindustryarebecomingimportantintheareabecauseoftherawmaterialslocatedthere.10/31/202224英美文化纵览TheDeathValleyThelowestpointinthewesternhemisphere,86m(282ft)belowsealevel,islocatedinDeathValley,California.ThevalleyispartoftheGreatBasininthewesternUnitedStates.Video10/31/202226英美文化纵览QUIZI.MultipleChoices1.Withregardtoitssize,theUSAisthe_____countryintheworld.A.largestB.secondlargestC.thirdlargestD.fourthlargest2.Inthefollowingrivers,_____hasbeencalledtheAmericanRrhr.A.theMississippiB.theMissouriC.theHudsonD.theOhio3.TotheeastofAmericaliestheoceanof_____.A.AtlanticB.PacificC.OceaniaD.Indian4.Hawaiiisinthe_____Ocean.A.AtlanticB.Pacif