新视野第2版第2册UNIT7教案

TeachingPlanforUnit7Course：CollegeEnglishInstructorModuleUnit5ALightenYourLoadandSaveyourLifeBAreYouaWorkaholic?Time180mTeachingAidsMulti-mediaTeachingObjectiveTohelpthestudentshaveagoodunderstandingofthepassagesinthisunit；Tohelpthestudentsgrasptheusagesofsomeimportantwords,phrasesandexpressionsintheunit；Toenablethestudentstoanalyzethestructureofthe2passagesinthisunit；Tointroducethebasicreadingskillsofthisunit：Understandingfigurativelanguage,inorderforthestudentstofullyunderstandawriter'spoint；Tohelpthestudentsfurthermasterthewritingtechnique:causeandeffect；TohelpthestudentslearnabouttheharmfulresultsofsmokingandknowhowtoprotectthemselvesChiefPoints&DifficultPointsGetthemainideaofthepassage.Mastersomeusefulexpressions&sentencestructureinthepassage.Understandthestructureofthetext.PrerequisitesBeforecomingfbrclass,studentsshouldIdentifysomeimportantwordsforthetopic.Scanthetextfbrmainideas.Visitlibrarytoresearchaboutinformationconcerningtheunit.TeachingMethodsThemixtureoflistening,speaking,reading,practicingandwritingReferenceBooksTeacher'sBookofNewHorizonCollegeEnglishLongmanDictionaryofContemporaryEnglish(English-Chinese)OxfordAdvancedLearner'sEnglish-ChineseDictionaryLongmanDictionaryofAmericanEnglish

TeachingContentsTimeAllotmentSectionAWarm-upActivityTopicDiscussionStudent'sDiscussionTeacher'sSummaryQuestionsontheTopicandthePassageBackgroundInformationTextStructureAnalysisStructuredWritingDetailedStudyoftheTextWordsandPhrasesStudyLanguagePointsTextSummaryStudent'sPresentationTeacher'sSummaryAfter-textAExercisesSectionBReadingSkillWarm-upActivityTopicDiscussionQuestionsontheTopicandthePassageIII.TextStructureAnalysisTextStudyParagraphMeaningWordsandPhrasesStudyLanguagePointsSummaryorMainIdeaofthePassageStudent'sPresentationTeacher'sSummaryNewWordsDictationAfter-textBExercisesSupplementaryexercises15m5m10m5m50m5m30m5m10m5m20m5m15mAssignmentsHandintheexerciseofTRANSLATION.Finishtheotherafter-textA&Bexercisesafterclass.SupplementaryExercisesEnglish-ChineseTranslation(5sentences)Chinese-EnglishTranslation(10sentences)PreviewUnit6SectionALightenYourLoadandSaveyourLifeI.Warm-upActivity.TopicDiscussion:StudenfsDiscussion:Whatcausestress?Teacher'sSummaryStresscomesfromallkindsanxietiesinlife.Whenwewanttodosomething(sometimesmanythings)perfectly,butitisbeyondourabilitiesoroutofourcontrol,anxietiescreate.Thisbringsgreatstressonus.Also,stresscomesfromourlesscapableoforganizingthingsweneedtodo.Weattachthesameimportancetotriflesandsignificantthings.Andlastly,whenweleadanunbalancedlife,whenwecommitourlifeonlyinonething,say,ourjob,wehavenootheroutletstodischargeourenergyandemotion,stressedpeoplewebecame..QuestionsonthetopicsandthepassagesWhataretheharmfuleffectsofstress?Howdoesthewriterpresentstheharms?AccordingtoEliot,stressedpeoplefacehighbloodpressure,highercholesterollevels,crazyheartrhythmsandpossiblydeath.Theshockingeffectofstressisdeath,butthewriterdosenotjumptotheconclusionabruptly.Instead,thewriterpresentsaprogressiveprocessofaseriesofcausesandeffects.Inthesecauseandeffectrelations,thefirsteffectisthesecondcause,thesecondeffectisthethirdcause,andsoon.Thisprocessmakestheargumentmoreconvincingandmorelogical.Whatcausesstressaccordingtothewriter?Thewriterthinksthat,formanypeople,therootofstressisangerwhichcomesfromtwoaspects.Firstly,onesourceofstress(anger)comesfromseekingperfection,aterriblecyclethatendsinperfectionistsblowingtheirtops.Secondly,stresscomesfromthatsomepeoplehavelittleunderstandingofwhatisimportantinlife.Theygivethesameemphasistoatrafficjamthattheygiveafamilyargument.AccordingtoEliot,howtodealwiththeproblemofstress?①Learntobelesshostilebychangingsomeofyourattitudesandnegativethinking.(pl2)②Takechargeoflife,andcontrolisthewayoutofbeingstressed.(pl3)©Understandwhatpartsoflifearecontrollableandfindoutwhatneedstobedoneinordertogaincontrol.(pl4)④listtwelvethingsfirstandthencutthelistdowntosix,onlykeepingthingsthatwillaffectidentity,controlandselfworth.(pl6)⑤decidetodoonlythemostimportantthings.(pl7),buttheseprioritiesshouldbechargedovertime.WhataretheNICEfactors?WhyaretheYimportant?NICEfactorsarenew,interesting,challengingexperiences,comparedtoFUDfactors--fear,uncertaintyanddoubt;NICEfactorscanmakeourlifecontrollableinsteadofstressful.WhatdosetheexampleofBenFranklinshow?BenFranklin'sexampleshowsusthattherearemanythingsinlife,butsomeareimportant,fewerarethemostimportantwehavetodoorachieve.Whatweshoulddoistosetourprioritiesandchangetheprioritiesproperlywiththepassageoftime.Anyway,onlyafewthingscanaffectouridentity,controlandself-worthinmixedlife.II•Backgroundinformationl.Dr.RobertS.EliotisacardiologistattheUniversityofNebraskaMedicalCenter.HeisthefounderandchairmanoftheDepartmentofPreventiveMedicineattheUniversityofNebraska.HisbestsellersincludeIsItWorthDyingFor?,HowtoMakeStressWorkforYou一NotAgainstYouandHowtoLightenYourLoadandSaveYourLife.Youcanreadashortdiscussiononhisbookathttp:〃www.watchtower.crg/library/gハ998/3/22/articl01.Om.2.TheUniversityofNebraskawasfoundedonFebruary15,1869,lessthantwoyearsafterNebraskabecamethe37lhstateoftheUnitedStates.Theoriginalgoalofthisuniversitywas,“Toaffordtheinhabitantsofthisstatewiththemeansofacquiringathoroughknowledgeofthevariousbranchesofliterature,science,andthearts.59TheUniversityofNebraskaisthestate'sonlypublicuniversity.ItbecamethefirstinstitutionwestoftheMississippiRivertooffergraduateeducationin1903andjoinedtheprestigiousAssociationofAmericanUniversitiesin1909.TheUniversitywasreorganizedundera1968actoftheNebraskaLegislature.ThelegislationprovidedfortheadditionoftheUniversityofNebraskaatOmaha(formerlythemunicipalUniversityofOmaha)anddesignatedtheUniversityofNebraska-LinclinandtheUniversityofNebraskaMedicalCenterasseparatecampuses.In1991,theUniversityofNebraskaatKearney(formerlyKearneyStateCollege)becameacampusoftheuniversity.Theuniversityalsoincludesmanyresearch,extension,andservicefacilitiesstatewide.Tolearnmoreabouttheuniversity,visithttp:〃.TextStructureAnalysisThepassage,presentingtheviewsofDr.RobertS.Eliot,givesadviceonhowtolightenone'sloadandimproveone'slife.First,welearntheharmsofstress.Thenwelearnhowtodealwithit.Thepassagecanbedividedintofiveparts.PartOne(Para.1-2):Presentingthetopicoftheessay:Ifyouoftenfeelthestressinyourlifeisspinningoutofcontrol,youneedtolearntotakechargeofyourlifewhereyoucan一andrecognizetherearemanythingsbeyondyourcontrol.PartTwo(Para.3-5):Mainlyabouttheharmfuleffectsofstress.InPara.3,thewriterintroducesDr.RobertS.Eliot,aclinicalprofessorofmedicinewhowroteaboutFromStresstoStrength:HowtoLightenYourLoadandSaveYourLife.ThisgivesusahintthatthewritermighttellusaboutDr.Eliot'sopinionsconcerningstress.Para.4and5tellustheharmfulresultsofstress:highbloodpressure,highercholesterollevels,crazyheartrhythms,andpossiblydeath.PartThree(Para.6-11)Mainlyaboutthecausesofstress.Para.6tellsusstresswasoncenearlykillingEliot,buthe'sdoingverywellnow.Inpara.7,Eliotanalyzesthemainpredictorsofstress一一fear,uncertainty,anddoubt--togetherwithperceivedlackofcontrol.Inpara.8,Eliotclaimstherootofsomepeople'sstressisanger.Inpara.9,Eliotsaysonesourceofstresscomesfromseekingperfection,aterriblecyclethatendsinperfectionistsblowingtheirtops.Inpara.10,Eliotsaysothersareangry,becausetheyhavenocompassinlife.Thattheygivethesameemphasistoatrafficjamthattheygivetoafamilyargumentisanexamplethattheyhavelittleunderstandingofwhatisimportantinlife.Para.11concludesthispartbysayingthatstresscanactuallymakeyouhot-temperedandblowapartduetoaheartproblem.PartFour(Para.12-18):ThispartpresentsuswithsomesuggestionsfromEliotashowtodealwithstress.InParagraph12,Eliotadvisesusthatoneshouldlearntobelesshostilebychangingsomeattitudesandnegativethinking.StartingfromParagraph13,Eliotrecommendstakingchargeoflife.Controlisthewayoutofbeingstressed.InParagraph14,Eliotrecommendsthatpeopleshouldunderstandwhatpartsoflifearecontrollable.Oneshouldalsofindoutwhatneedstobedoneinordertogaincontrol,Paragraph14toParagraph17gointodetailconcerninghowtosetpriorities.InParagraph14,EliotgivesusanexampleofsomethingBenFranklinwrotedownwhathewantedtodo-beabetterfather,abetterhusband,financiallyindependent,stimulatedintellectually,andremaineven-tempered.InParagraph16,Eliotsuggeststhatapersoncanfirstlisttwelvethingsandthencutthelistdowntosix,onlykeepingthingsthatwillaffectidentity,control,andself-worth.InParagraph16,Eliotcontinuestoadviseusthatsincetimeislimited,apersonmustdecidetodoonlythemostimportantthings.ButParagraph18warnsthattheseprioritiesarelikelytochangeastheyare.PartFive(Para.19-20):Thisistheremainderofthepassage.Inthispart,thewriterpresentsEliot'sopinionthatsomethings,suchastheeconomyandpoliticians,cannotbecontrolled.Wemustthereforelearntoacceptthesethings.StructuredWritingAParagraphofCauseandeffectInPassageAthewriterdealswiththeharmfuleffectsofstress.InParagraph5,wefindtheshockingeffectofstressisdeath.Thewriterdoesnotjumptotheconclusionabruptly.Instead,thewriterpresentsaprogressiveprocessofaseriesofcausesandeffects,whichmakestheargumentmoreconvincing.NowhavealookatParagraph5againandtheanalyticalchartbasedonit.Inpara.5,Eliotsaysresearchershavefoundthatstressedpeoplehavehighercholesterollevels,amongotherthings."We'vedoneyearsofworkinshowingthatexcessalarmorstresschemicalscanliterallyburstheartmusclefibers.Whenthathappensithappensveryquickly,withinfiveminutes.Itcreatesmanyshortcircuits,andthatcausescrazyheartrhythms.Theheartbeatslikeabagofwormsinsteadofapump.Andwhenthathappens,wecan'tlive.”CauseandEffectOneCause:havingstressEffect:Stressedpeoplehavehighercholesterollevels,amongotherthings.CauseandEffectTwoCause:excessalarmorstresschemicalsEffect:Theycanliterallyburstheartmusclefibers.CauseandEffectThreeCause:heartmusclefibersharmedEffect:Itcreatesmanyshortcircuits,andthatcausescrazyheartrhythms.CauseandEffectFourCause:sufferingfromcrazyheartrhythmsEffect:Youcan'tlive.DetailedStudyoftheTextWords&PhrasesStudyoverwhelmvt.1)affectsb.*semotionsinapowerfulway使受不了;使不知所措Hewasoverwhelmedbythedeathofhisfather.他为父亲的去世而悲痛至极。Yourkindnessquiteoverwhelmsme.你的好意使我感激难言。defeat击败Invadingarmiesoverwhelmedthetown.入侵的军队控制了这个城镇。IfIcannotoverwhelmwithmyquality,Iwilloverwhelmwithmyquantity.如果我不能以质量压倒,我就一定要以数量压倒。[扩展]词根over意为“过渡,太过”例如:overburden使负担过重 overhear偶然听到;偷听overdo过分;过渡烹煮 oversleep睡过头spinv.(causeto)turnaroundveryquickly(使)旋转Shegotupandspunalittleturn.她站起来转了一小圈。Theyspunacointodecidewhoshouldstart.他们转硬币来决定谁先开始。〃.[C]anactofturningaroundquickly旋转Wetookaspinaroundtown.我们乘车出去绕城转了一圈。Ihavebeeninarealspinallmorning•我整个上午都晕头转向的。titlevt.giveanametoabook,article,etc.给.•・取名Heinvitedadistinguishedwritertotitlehisarticle.他请了一位杰出的作家给他的文章命名。n.[C]anameofabook,article,etc.名称;题目Well,atleasteverybodyhaveagoodtitle.哨,至少每个人的(论文)题目都很不错。clinicala.relatingtoaclinicorhospita!诊所的;临床的TheHospitalAuthorityisimprovingitsclinicalauditandriskmanagementsystem.医院管理局现正致カ于改善临床审计和风险管理的制度。Hisdaughtermajorsinclinicalmedicine,他女儿的专业是临床医学。reactvz.behaveinaparticularwaybecauseofsth.thathashappened反应Observecarefullyhowthebacteriareacttothisstimulus.仔细观察细菌对这ー刺激有什么反应。Willthepeopleeverreactagainstthisdictator?有朝一日人民会起来反抗这个独裁者吗?reactorn.[C]核反应堆ThatthenuclearreactorburntinChernobylbroughtRussianalotofmisfortunes.切尔诺贝利核反应堆爆炸给苏联人带来许多灾难。Thesearematerialsinanuclearreactorthatabsorbsradiation.这些是用于在核反应堆中吸收辐射的材料。tensea.nervous;notrelaxed紧张的Hereadtheletterwithatenseanxiety. 他紧张焦虑地看那封信。Atensesilencehadsettledoverthewaitingcrowd.在等候的人群中有一种紧张的寂静感。tremendousa.1)verybig巨大的;极大的Winningthescholarshipgaveheratremendouslift.她获得奖学金后受到极大的鼓舞。Hisspeechmadeatremendoussplashinthecountry.他的讲话在该国引起了极大的轰动。2)verygood;excellent很好的;非常好的Wewenttoatremendouspartylastnight.昨晚我们参加了一个极棒的晚会。Hehadatremendousnightatthetheaterlastnight.昨天晚上他在剧院度过了一个美妙的夜晩。cholesteroln.[U]胆固醇Thereischolesterolinthecellofbody. 人体细胞里有胆固醇。Cholesteroljoinssmokingandsunbathingasanageingagent.胆固醇加上吸烟和日晒可导致衰老。lO.excessa.morethanisusualornecessary过量的;过多的You'llhavetopayexcesspostalchargesonthisletter.这封信你必须付超重邮资。JJoggingworksoffmyexcessenergy.慢跑消除掉我过剩的精力。儿[sing.,U]anamountthatismorethanwhatisneededorwanted1I量Hisincomeisgreatlyinexcessofhisexpenditure,他的收入大大超过支出。Anexcessoffatinone'sdietcanleadtoheartdisease.饮食中脂肪过量能导致心脏病。[辨析]excessiveadj,过分的;过度的;极度的例如:excessiveprice过高的价格excessadj.额外的;附加的 例如:excessfare补票费fibern.(BrEfibre)[C,U]纤维Thisisaplantfiberusedinmakingropeorsacks这是一种用于制绳索或麻袋的植物纤维。Wecanusestiffcoarsefiberfromtheouterhuskofacoconut我们可以利用椰子外壳中硬而粗的纤维。circuitn.[C]aclosedconnectionofwiresthroughwhichelectricitycanflow电路Theremustbeabreakinthecircuit.电路中一定有断路。Thisisthecircuitdiagramofthemachine.这是这台机器的电路图。pumpn,[C]amachineforforcingliquidorgasintooroutofsth.泵Atthefarmtherewasanold-fashionedpumpfordrawingwaterfromawell.那个农场有一台老式的用来从井里抽水的抽水机。Weoftenlikenthehearttoapump.我们常把心脏比拟为水泵。vt.makeliquidorgasmoveinaparticulardirectionusingapump(用泵)抽吸Atyreexpandswhenyoupumpairintoit.当你打气进去,轮胎会胀大。Ourcitywatersystemspumpwaterintohightanks.我市各供水系统都把水打送到高位罐中去。attributevL(*to)regardsth.ascausedbysb.orsth.把・..归因于:把...归咎于Heattributeshissuccesstoworkinghard.他认为他的成功是艰苦工作的结果。ThisplayisusuallyattributedtoShakespeare.这个剧本通常认为是莎士比亚作的。exteriorn.[C]theoutsideofsth.外部;外表Itisdifficulttojudgeapersonbyhisexterior.依据外表难以评判ー个人。Eventheugliesthumanexteriormaycontainthemostbeautifulsoul.即使是人的最丑的外表,也可能包藏着最美的心灵。a.ontheoutsideofsth.外部的;タト表的ThisisaFrenchdoorinstalledinanexteriorwallofabuilding.这是ー种安在建筑的外墙上的法式门。Peoplestillknowlittleabouttheexteriorportionoftheearth.人类对地球的外部依然知之甚少。interiorn.[C]theinnerpartorinsideofsth.内部Thereiswaterintheinteriorofthecave.在山洞的内部有水。,Itsthinoutershellhadprotecteditsliquidinterior.它薄薄的外壳保护着它呈液体的内脏。a.inside内部的Couldyousensetheinteriormeaningofthispoem?你能体会到这首诗的深意吗?Wearrivedataninteriortown.我们到达了一个内地城镇。destructivea.causingseriousdamage破坏的Suchahabitisdestructivetothemoralsofyouth.这样的习惯有害于青年的品德。Severedamagewitnessedthedestructiveforceofthestorm.严重的损害表明了暴风雨的破坏カ。[扩展]de具有“分离,否定,加强”之意例如:deflatev.排出空气;通货紧缩 demeritn,过失,短处decodev.译解 deformM使残废;使丑perceivevt.understandorthinkofsth.inaparticularway理解;认为IperceivedthatIcouldnotmakeherchangehermind.我发觉我不能使她改变她的主意。couldperceivetheshipcomingoverthehorizon.我感到船将出现在视野中。perfectionistn.[C]sb.whoalwayswantsthingstobedoneperfectly完美主义者Ittakeshimhourstocookasimplemealbecausehe*ssuchaperfectionist.他耍花几个小时才能做好一顿便饭,因为他是一个追求尽善尽美的人。Ifpossible,citeaweaknessthatwillworktothecompany*sadvantage.nrmsuchaperfectionistthatIwon'tstopuntilajobiswelldone."可能的话,你可说出ー项可能会给公司带来好处的弱点,如可说:“我是ー个完美主义者。工作做得不漂亮,我是不会撒手的。”delegatev.givepartofone'spowerorworktosb.inalowerposition授权;委托TheChinesepeopledelegatetheirpowertothePeople'sCongress.中国人民授权人民代表大会。Tostimulatethepeople'sinitiative,themostimportantthingistodelegatepowertolowerlevels.调动积极性,权カ下放是最主要的内容。vt.choosesb.asarepresentative委派...为代表Hedelegatedmetoperformatask.他委派我去执行ー项任务。Thenewmanagerwasdelegatedtoreorganizethedepartment.派这位新经理重新组织该部门。n.[C]apersonchosenorelectedbyagrouptospeak,vote,etc.forthem,esp.atameeting代表Adelegatemayrepresent,andvoteinthenameof,onecountryonly.一名代表仅能代装一个国家,并以ー个国家名义投票。Theuniondelegateraisedanobjectiontothewordingoftheagreement.工会代表对协议的措词提出异议。[同义列] delegatedeputyrepresentativeagentsubstitute[辨析]这些名词均有“代表、代理人”之意。delegate:指一般被派参加某一会议的代表。deputy： 指上级授权代理行事的代表,特指被选择为执行全部或部分公务的人。representative:一般指被选举或委派代表某人或ー些人或某个较大团体的人,其职务有时是较长期的。agent： 普通用词,通常指经授权代理另ー个人或团体,或指在双方之间代表一方起中间作用的人。substitute：主要强调某人或某物可以用来代替别的人或物的作用。cyclen.[C]aseriesofeventsthatarerepeatedinthesameorder循环;周期LifecycleisanitemusedintheEconomy.生命周期是经济学中用的一个术语。Everythingintheworldwillexperiencethecycleofbirth,growth,anddeath.世间万物都会经历出生,成长,死亡的循环。vi.rideabicycle骑自行车Hecycledtoschool, 他骑车上学。Theworkmencycledhome. 工人们骑自行车回家。emphasisn.[C,U]specialattentionorimportance强调Moralitywastheemphasisofhisspeech.道德是他讲话的重点。Wealwaysplaceprimeemphasisonservingthepeople.我们ー贯把为人民服务放在最重要的位置。jamn.[C]asituationinwhichitisdifficulttomovebecausetherearesomanycarsorpeople堵塞Therewassuchajamofpeoplethatwecouldn'tgetin.由于人多拥挤,我们无法进入。Doyouthinkthejamwilllastlong?你估计堵的时间会长吗?vt.pushsth.somewhereusingalotofforce把...塞入Theparadejammedtrafficalloverthetown.游行队伍阻塞了全市的交通。ShoppersjammedthestoresatChristmastime.圣诞节时购物的人挤满了商店。stirvt.1)makesb.haveastrongfeelingorreaction使激动;激起Grievouswordsstirupanger'.恶语滋仇生恨。Hisspeechwascalculatedtostirupthecrowd.他讲的话是有意鼓动群众的。movealiquidaroundwithaspoonorstickinordertomixittogether搅拌Mixthisoilwiththepaintandstirwell.把这油和漆搀在ー起,好好搅拌。Stirtheflourandmilktoastiffpaste.把面粉和牛奶搅成很稠的糊.outletn.[C]awayofexpressingorgettingridofstrongfeelings发泄:Runningisagoodoutletforhisenergy.跑步是他发泄过剩精力的好方法。Heneedsanoutletforallhisanger.他那愤怒需要有机会倾吐。physiologicala,生理的;生理学的Thedoctorhadatestonthephysiologicalreactionofhumanbeing.医生做了一次有关人的生理反应的测试。Heboughtaphysiologicalbook.他买了一本生理学方面的书。physiologicallyad,生理上;在生理学上Asaresultofnaturalselection,descendantsoforganismsdifferphysiologicallyfromtheirancestors.由于自然选择的结果,生物体的后代在生理上与它们的祖先有所不同。Atthestageofadolescence,anindividualbecomesphysiologicallycapableofvarioussports.青春期青少年阶段,在生理上个人有能力进行各种运动。recommendvt.1)advisesb.todosth.建议;劝告Irecommendcautionindealingwiththismatter.我建议慎重处理此事。ThetravelagentrecommendedstronglythatwenottravelonThanksgivingDay"旅行社强烈建议我们不要在感恩节旅游。saythatsb.orsth.isgood,orsuggestthemforaparticularpurposeorjob推荐WillyoupleaserecommendsomedishestypicallySichuan?你能不能推荐ー些地道的川菜?Withreservations,Iwouldrecommendthissecondfilm.我有所保留地推荐第二部作品。financiala.concerningmoney财政的;金融的Thecompanywasindeepfinancialdifficulties.该公司陷入了严重的财务困难。Furtherspeedupanddeepenfinancialreform,andstrengthenfinancialsupervisionandregulation.继续加快和深化金融鸟革,加大金融监管カ度。financiallyad.金融上;财政上Thingscouldn'tbeworsefinancially;inshort,we'rebankrupt.在财务方面已经糟得不能再糟了；简单说,我们破产了。Tomrealizedthathewassailingratherclosedtothewindfinancially.汤姆意识到自己在冒着财务上的风险。independenta.notdependentonorcontrolledbyotherpeopleorthings独立的;自立的Childrenshouldbeencouragedtobeindependentthinkers.应该鼓励孩子独立思考。Independentaccountantsauditthecompanyannually.独立会计师每年审计公司帐目。stimulatevt.makesb.orsth.moreactive刺激;激励;激发TheycountedonGermanimportstostimulatetheireconomy.他们想依靠德国的进口来刺激他们的经济。Yourencouragementwillstimulateusintonewefforts.你的鼓励会激发我们做出新的努力。［同义词］inspiremotivatestimulate［辨析］inspire:tomakesomeonefeelenthusiasticaboutsomethingandmakethemfeelthatitisworthdoing使某人对某事充满热情并让他们感到这是值得去做的。e.g.WhenIactuallyvisitedtheuniversity,itinspiredmeandmademewanttogothere.对那所大学的参观激励我很想去那里上学。motivate:tomakesomeonefeelenthusiasticabouttheirworkortheirstudies,andworkhard使某人对他们的工作学习充满热情且努力工作。e.g.It'softenmoredifficulttomotivateboysthangirls.激励男孩要比激励女孩难的多。stimulate：ithasthetotallydifferentmeaning,whichmeanstoencourageorhelpanactivitytobeginordevelopfurther鼓励或帮助某个活动的开展或进ー步发展e.g.ThePresidentplanstostimulateeconomicgrowth.总统计划要刺激经济增长。tempern.[sing.,U]aparticularemotionalstateormoodノC?’情;脾ヽShehasanaturallysweettemper.她生性和蔼可亲。Oncehelosthistemperandquarreledwithus.有次他发火了,和我们吵了一架。even-tempereda.havingacalmgoodtemper;noteasilybecomeangry性情平和的;不易激动的Ifourmotherwasstrongandeven-tempered,wearegoingtobeattractedtoafair-mindedstrengthinourmates.如果我们的母亲是坚强而随和的,我们也将被这样的人所吸引。Hiswifeisrathereven-tempered.他妻子的性情相当平和〇priorityn.1)[C]sth.importantthatmustbedonefirst优先处理的事Thedevelopmentofthenationaleconomyisatoppriority.发展国民经济是应予以最优先考虑的事。Rebuildingtheareaisourpriority.重建这个地区是我们的首要任务。[U]therighttobegivenattentionfirst优先权;重要性Fireenginesandambulanceshavepriorityoverothertraffic.消防车和救护车比其他车辆有优先通行权。DefendingtheAmericanpeopleagainstthesenewthreatsismyhighestpriorityasCommander-in-Chief,andthehighestpriorityofmyAdministration.保护美国人民免遭新的威胁是作为总司令的我的最优先考虑,也是我的政府的最优先考虑。self-worthn.[U]个人的内在价值;自尊Goodteachersgivetheirstudentsasenseofself-worth,encouragethemtodream,andshowthemhowtopursuethosedreams.好的教师使学生自我肯定本身的能力,鼓励他们勇于追求梦想,并从旁引导他们如何实现这些梦想。Inasocietywhereyourhappinessandself-wortharedeterminedbyyourcareeraccomplishments,peopleareunderthepressuretodevotethemselvesentirelytotheirwork.在ー个你的幸福和个人价值是由事业上的成就决定的社会里,人们被迫将全副身心都投入到工作上。viewpoint几[C]aparticularwayofthinkingaboutsth.观点;看法Heexplainedhisviewpointthattaxesshouldbeincreased.他解释了他认为应该增加税收的观点。Maryisreluctanttoaccepthermother*sviewpoint.玛丽不愿意接受她母亲的观点。troublesomea.causingtroubleoranxiety令人烦恼的;麻烦的MrSmithshowedpartialitytothelesstroublesomestudents.史密斯先生偏爱那些不大淘气的学生。Don'tyouthinkit'stroublesometotransshipthegoodsatSydney?您不认为在悉尼转船太麻烦了吗?[扩展]词根some表示’’像什么样的,有什么倾向的”例如:burdensome沉重的 quarrelsome爱争吵的wholesome合乎卫生的;有益健康的tiresome令人厌倦的politiciann.[C]sb.whoworksinpolitics,esp.anelectedmemberofthegovernment政治家Apoliticianmustbeabletowithstandpubliccriticism.政治家必须能经得起公众的批评。Howmanyvotershavelinedupagainstthepolitician?有多少选民反对这个政客?deadlinen.[C]atimebywhichsth.mustbedoneorcompleted最后期限Nextweekisthedeadlineforsendinginyourapplication.呈递申请书的截止日期是下星期。Ifhedoesn'tmeetthedeadline,it'shisfuneral.要是他最后一刻还不交出来,那他不会有好果子吃的fleeV.(fled,fled)leavesomewhereveryquicklyinordertoescapefromdanger逃跑;逃避;逃脱Whydoesshealwaysfleeanykindofresponsibility?她为什么总是逃避责任?Followloveanditwillflee,fleeloveanditwillfollowthee.追求爱情它高飞,逃避爱情它跟随。[同义词]fleeescaperunaway[辨析]flee指由于有危险或心里惧怕而慌忙地逃跑,或脱离危险。强调逃的动作。含有情况紧急,动作迅速的意味。多用于书面语,可作及物动词和不及物动词。例如:Theyallfledfromtheburningship.他们全都逃离了那艘失火的船。FleeingGermany,EinstienwentfirsttoFrance,thentoBelgium,andthentoBritain.爱因斯坦逃离德国之后,先是到了法国,然后到了比利时,后来又到了英国。escape指从某种危险境遇或限制中摆脱出来,也可指逃避追捕,监视或惩罚等,强调动作的结果。可用作及物动词和不及物动词。常与介词from或outof搭配使用。例如:Itisimpossibleforyoutoescapethereality.你想逃避现实是不可能的。Thatmanescapedfromtheprisononastormingnight,在ー个暴风雨的夜晚,那人从监狱中逃了出来。runaway是动词短语,着重所做的动作是快速敏捷的;强调动作快。口头用语,有时可用getaway表示，但getaway常含有挣脱,摆脱的意思,有时还有“不辞而别”之意。例如:Don,tletthepickpocketrunaway.不要让小偷跑掉。Marytriedtocatchabutterfly,butitgotawayfromhim.玛丽设法捉住一只蝴蝶,但它挣脱飞走了。PhrasesandExpressionsamongotherthingsusedwhenoneismentioningoneormorethingsoutofalargenumber除了其他事情之外Myroommatesareverykeenonbridgecardsamongotherthings.我同房间的人,除了其他活动外,还喜欢玩桥牌。Amongotherthingshedrawstheconclusionthateatinganddrinkingareproductiveoccupations.此外他还得出这样一个结论,认为吃和喝是生产工作。blowone*stopbecomeveryangrysuddenly勃然大怒;大发雷霆WhenmyfatherlearnedthatIhadsmashedthecar,heblewhistop.当我父亲知道我撞坏了汽车时,他勃然大怒。Ithoughtthathemusthaveblownhistopwhenhefoundhissecrethadbeenreleased.我想当他发现自己的秘密被泄漏后一定会非常生气的。onone'strailonone'sway在…路上Atbreakofdaythehikerswerealreadyontheirtrail.黎明时分,那些徒步旅行者已经上路。Onhistrailtothehospital,heregainedtheconsciousness.在去医院的路上,他恢复了知觉。cutdownreducetheamountofsth.减少...的数量Wewereforcuttingdownthecostofproduction.我们赞成降低成本。Youmustcutdownonsugartoloseweight. 你必须少吃糖以减轻体重。keepinmindremembersth.记住That*ssomethingwehavealwaystokeepinmind.那是我们应该经常记在心里的。Keepinmindtherulesofsafetywhenyouswim,游泳时妥记住安全规则。ProperNamesRobertS.Eliot罗伯特・S.埃利奥特(人名)Nebraska 内布拉斯加州(美国州名)BenFranklin本・富兰克林(17067790,美国政治家、科学家)LanguagePointsIfyouoftenfeelangryandoverwhelmed,likethestressinyourlifeisspinningoutofcontrol,thenyoumaybehurtingyourheart.(Para.1)Meaning:Ifyouareoftenangryandverystronglyaffectedbynegativefeelings,asifthestressyouexperienceisgoingoutofcontrol,thenitispossiblethatyouaredoingharmtoyourheart.SosaysDr.RobertS.Eliot...(Para.3)It*saninvertedsentence.Thenormalorderis:Dr.RobertS.Eliot...saysso."So”referstowhatistalkedaboutinParagraph2.Thereasonsfortheinvertedorderofthesentencearethatthesubjectofthesentenceistoolongand,whatismore,thesubjectbearsthenewinformationofthewholesentence.Tokeepthesentenceinbalance,andtoachievetheend-weight(thatis:leavethecomplexstructuretowardtheendofthesentence)andend-focus(thatis:leavethenewinformationtowardtheendofthesentence),theword"so"isputattheverybeginningandtheverbcomesbeforethesubject.Example:Sogoesthestory.故事如此云な。."hotreactors".(Para.4)Meaning:...^peoplewhoarehot-tempered".Heretheword"reactor”isusedinitsfigurativesense....excessalarmorstresschemicalsca