洪水调节课程设计报告三峡大学

-.z."水资源规划及利用"课程设计计算说明书姓名：何明明学号：2013101227专业：水利水电工程三峡大学水利与环境学院2016年1月目录1、设计目的12、设计根本资料13、洪水标准确定13.1设计洪水标准23.2校核洪水标准34、洪水调节方案34.1设计标准洪水调节3下泄流量计算3列表试算法调洪演算54.2校核标准洪水调节85、成果分析及结论186、小结18-.z.洪水调节1、设计目的洪水调节目的：定量地找出入库洪水、下泄洪水、拦蓄洪水的库容、水库水位的变化、泄洪建筑物型式和尺寸间的关系，为确定水库的有关参数和泄洪建筑型式选择、尺寸确定提供依据；掌握列表试算法的根本原理、方法、步骤及各自的特点；了解工程设计所需洪水调节计算要解决的课题；培养学生分析问题、解决问题的能力。2、设计根本资料大峡水电站枢纽位于**省竹溪县境内，泉河流域规划中梯级电站的第三级，工程距天宝乡3km，距竹溪县城83km。拦截堵河西支泗河上游的一级支流泉河。河流全长82.2km，流域面积894.6km2，大峡电站坝址以上流域面积482.70km2，占全流域的53.96%，河长43.7km，河床比降14.3‰。多年平均径流量为11.2m3/s，多年平均径流总量为3.53亿m3，多年平均径流深为733.9mm。大峡电站水库正常蓄水位选为565m，汛限水位563.5m，死水位552m，其相应的死库容为407万m3，调节库容1333万m3，库容系数3.8%。依据"防洪标准"(GB50201—94)和"水利水电工程等级划分及洪水标准"〔SL252—2000〕，本工程工程为中型水库。电站总装机容量20MW，保证出力1.9MW，年发电量0.603亿kW·h。水库挡水建筑物为混凝土重力坝，最大坝高88m。溢洪形式表孔泄流，溢洪道堰顶高程555m，采用2孔12×10.5〔宽×高〕的弧形门控制。大峡水库调洪规则如下：起调水位取*m〔注：*=563.5+**最后1位/10，即563.5m-564.5m〕，当来量较小时，启用并控制闸门开启度，使泄量等于来量，水库水位维持正常蓄水位不变；当来水增大，并大于闸孔全开的泄量时，闸门全开敞泄库水位上升，直至到达最高洪水位。3、洪水标准确定分别对设计洪水标准、校核洪水标准，按照上述拟定的泄洪建筑物的类型、尺寸和水库运用方式，分别采用列表试算法推求水库下泄流量过程，以及相应的库容、水位变化过程。具体步骤：根据工程规模和建筑物的等级，确定相应的洪水标准；用列表试算法进展调洪演算：根据水库水位容积关系曲线V～Z和泄洪建筑物方案，用水力学公式求出下泄流量与库容关系曲线q～Z，并将V～Z，q～Z绘制在图上；决定开场计算时刻和此时的q1、V1，然后列表试算，试算过程中，对每一时段的q2、V2进展试算；将计算结果绘成曲线：Q～t、q～t在一*图上，Z～t曲线绘制在下方。将计算结果填写在调洪成果表中3.1设计洪水标准设计洪水：为解决各类防洪问题，所提供的作为规划设计依据的各种设计标准的洪水，设计洪水三要素：设计洪峰流量、设计洪量、设计洪水过程线，根据"水利水电工程分等指标〞，将该水利枢纽工程工程等别定为中型；根据"山区，丘陵区水利水电工程永久性水工建筑物洪水标准[重现期(年)]"，可查得，该工程设计洪水标准选为100年〔即百年一遇(1%)洪水进展设计〕。洪水过程线如表〔一〕。3.2校核洪水标准根据"水利水电工程分等指标〞，将该水利枢纽工程工程等别定为中型；根据"山区，丘陵区水利水电工程永久性水工建筑物洪水标准[重现期(年)]"，可查得，该工程校核标准选为500年〔即五百年一遇(0.2%)洪水进展校核〕。表1设计洪水过程时间t〔h〕Q(m³/s)〔设计〕P=1%Q(m³/s)(校核)P=0.2%时间t〔h〕Q(m³/s)〔设计〕P=1%Q(m³/s)(校核)P=0.2%时间t〔h〕Q(m³/s)〔设计〕P=1%Q(m³/s)(校核)P=0.2%015.2217.8917621.14887.5534213.32186.36116.4719.3318853.061252.635170.26149.25217.7320.77191196.281774.4836138.69123.75318.9822.21201532.372231.6137116.12106.71420.2323.65211759.312472.3538100.2295.64521.4825.08221838.512470.733989.2988.73622.7426.79231785.292284.974081.6884.55724.3632.14241641.031998.894174.8381.55830.1452.51251449.581683.644272.8781.06948.0397.772612451384.264372.1881.361082.79165.52271046.661118.384472.382.1511133.25247.1928863.34888.454572.883.1812195.57335.4229699.86694.384673.5584.3713266.22426.9130558.91535.224774.4585.6414341.11518.2831441.2408.754872.5183.5615418.9612.2232345.83311.4916504.13720.5633270.84238.954、洪水调节方案一4.1设计标准洪水调节4.1.1下泄流量计算堰顶溢流公式：…(1)式中：q——通过溢流孔口的下泄流量，m3/s；n——溢流孔孔口数；b——溢流孔单孔净宽，m；g——重力加速度，9.81m/s2；ε——闸墩侧收缩系数，与墩头形式有关，初步计算可假设为0.92；m——流量系数，与堰顶形式有关，可查表，本工程取0.48；H0——堰顶水头，m。计算不同库水位对应的下泄流量q，由水位库容曲线查得相应的库容V，计算结果见表(2)。绘制q=f(V)曲线关系、V~Z关系曲线和q~Z关系曲线，如图1、图2和图3所示。表2q=f(V)关系曲线计算表水位Z〔m〕堰顶水头H〔m〕泄流量q〔m3/s〕库容V(亿m3)564.29.21310.000.1674564.79.71418.230.1715565.210.21529.290.1753565.710.71643.110.1788566.211.21759.610.1825566.711.71878.750.1866567.212.22000.460.1906567.712.72124.690.1947568.213.22251.390.1988568.713.72380.510.2031568.9913.992456.500.2056图1q=f〔V〕关系曲线图2V~Z关系曲线图3q~Z关系曲线4.1.2列表试算法调洪演算1〕根本原理：根据水库容积曲线V=f〔Z〕和堰顶溢流公式q=f〔Z〕，得出蓄泄方程q=f〔V〕。联立水量平衡方程2〕调洪计算求q~t过程和Z~t过程由起调水位=564.2m可从图3中查得需要调节的起始流量为=1310.00m³/s，因在前19个小时内Q均小于，故q=Q，从20小时开场调洪，从Q>开场调洪，保持溢洪道堰顶高程和单孔宽度不变，两孔全开,取△t=1h=3600s，联立水量平衡方程以及蓄泄方程，计算结果如表3所示。表3设计百年一遇洪水〔P=1%〕时间t〔h〕入库洪水流量Q(m³/s)时段平均入库流量Q’(m³/s)时段入库水量Q’△t(万m³)下泄流量q(m³/s)时段平均下泄流量〔m³/s〕时段下泄水量q'△t(万m³)时段内水库存水量变化△V(万m³)水库存水量V〔亿m³

〕水库水位Z〔m〕015.2215.8455.704215.2215.8455.704200.1739565116.4716.470.1739565217.7317.16.15617.7317.16.15600.1739565318.9818.3556.607818.9818.3556.607800.1739565420.2319.6057.057820.2319.6057.057800.1739565521.4820.8557.507821.4820.8557.507800.1739565622.7422.117.959622.7422.117.959600.1739565724.3623.558.47824.3623.558.47800.1739565830.1427.259.8130.1427.259.8100.1739565948.0339.08514.070648.0339.08514.0706007965.4123.547682.7965.4123.547600.173956511133.25108.0238.8872133.25108.0238.887200.173956512195.57164.4159.1876195.57164.4159.187600.173956513266.22230.89583.1222266.22230.89583.122200.173956514341.11303.665109.3194341.11303.665109.319400.173956515418.9380.005136.8018418.9380.005136.801800.173956516504.13461.515166.1454504.13461.515166.145400.173956517621.14562.635202.5486621.14562.635202.548600.173956518853.06737.1265.356853.06737.1265.35600.1739565191196.281024.67368.88121196.281024.67368.881200.1739565201532.371364.325491.1571381.91289.09464.072427.08460.1701564.532211759.311645.84592.502415611471.45529.72262.78040.176278565.3397221838.511798.91647.60761704.811632.905587.845859.76180.1807565.965231785.291811.9652.2841779.81742.305627.229825.05420.1832566.28523.051778.0771781.684641.406061779.81779.8640.7280.678060.1832566.28523.11770.8641778.077640.107721779.351779.65640.674-0.566280.1832566.283241641.031713.16616.73761733.91768.2125636.5565-19.81890.1816566.09251449.581545.305556.30981594.551664.225599.121-42.81120.1773565.4882612451347.29485.024412451441.73519.0244-34.00000.1739565271046.661145.83412.49881046.661145.83412.498800.173956528863.34955343.8863.34955343.800.173956529699.86781.6281.376699.86781.6281.37600.173956530558.91629.385226.5786558.91629.385226.578600.173956531441.2500.055180.0198441.2500.055180.019800.173956532345.83393.515141.6654345.83393.515141.665400.173956533270.84308.335111.0006270.84308.335111.000600.173956534213.32242.0887.1488213.32242.0887.148800.173956535170.26191.7969.0444170.26191.7969.044400.173956536138.69154.47555.611138.69154.47555.61100.173956537116.12127.40545.8658116.12127.40545.865800.173956538100.22108.1738.9412100.22108.1738.9412002994.75534.111889.2994.75534.1118006885.48530.774681.6885.48530.7746008378.25528.171874.8378.25528.1718008773.8526.58672.8773.8526.586001872.52526.10972.1872.52526.10900372.2426.006472.372.2426.006400872.5526.11872.872.5526.118005573.17526.34373.5573.17526.34300457426.6474.457426.64005173.4826.452872.5173.4826.452800.1739565时间t〔h〕入库洪水流量Q(m³/s)时段平均入库流量Q’(m³/s)时段入库水量Q’△t(万m³)下泄流量q(m³/s)时段平均下泄流量〔m3/s〕时段下泄水量q'△t(万m³)时段内水库存水量变化△V(万m³)水库存水量V〔亿m³

〕水库水位Z〔m〕231785.291811.90652.28401779.81742.305627.229825.05420.1832566.28523.051778.0771781.68641.40611779.81779.8640.72800.67810.1832566.28523.11770.8641778.08640.10771779.351779.65640.6740-0.56630.1832566.283241641.031713.16616.73761733.91768.213636.5565-19.81890.1816566.0903〕将入库流量Q-t，q-t绘于一*图上，另作Z-t曲线，如下列图：图4Q-t关系曲线和q-t关系曲线图5Z-t关系曲线4〕由上述图4和图5可知，最大下泄流量发生在t=23h时刻,=1779.8m³/s时,此时最高水位以及=566.285m。4.2校核标准洪水调节具体的步骤和方法同上述4.1,运用公式〔1〕和〔2〕即可得到下表：表4校核500年一遇洪水〔P=0.2%〕时间t〔h〕入库洪水流量Q(m³/s)时段平均入库流量Q’(m³/s)时段入库水量Q’△

t(万m³)下泄流量q(m³/s)时段平均下泄流量〔m³/s〕时段下泄水量q'△

t(万m³)时段内水库存水量变化△V(万m³)水库存水量V〔亿m³

〕水库水位Z〔m〕017.8918.616.699617.8918.616.699600.1739565119.3319.330.1739565220.7720.057.21820.7720.057.21800.1739565322.2121.497.736422.2121.497.736400.1739565423.6522.938.254823.6522.938.254800.1739565525.0824.3658.771425.0824.3658.771400.1739565626.7925.9359.336626.7925.9359.336600.1739565732.1429.46510.607432.1429.46510.607400.1739565852.5142.32515.23752.5142.32515.23700.1739565997.7775.1427.050497.7775.1427.050400.173956510165.52131.64547.3922165.52131.64547.392200.173956511247.19206.35574.2878247.19206.35574.287800.173956512335.42291.305104.8698335.42291.305104.869800.173956513426.91381.165137.2194426.91381.165137.219400.173956514518.28472.595170.1342518.28472.595170.134200.173956515612.22565.25203.49612.22565.25203.4900.173956516720.56666.39239.9004720.56666.39239.900400.173956517887.55804.055289.4598887.55804.055289.459800.1739565181252.61070.075385.2271252.61070.075385.22700.1739565191774.481513.54544.874414611356.8488.44856.42640.173564.894202231.612003.045721.09621848.31654.65595.674125.42220.1855566.573212472.352351.98846.71282204.22026.25729.45117.26280.1972568.015222470.732471.54889.75442391.152297.675827.16362.59140.2035568.74122.32415.0022442.866879.431762406.82398.975863.63115.800760.203974568.800622.352405.7142410.358867.728882407.62407.2866.5921.136880.20398568.801322.42396.4262401.07864.38522407.42407.5866.7-2.31480.203977568.800922.52377.852387.138859.369682406.32406.85866.466-7.096320.203963568.79922.62359.2742368.562852.682322403.52404.9865.764-13.081680.2039568.788232284.972387.138859.369682382.52400.75864.27-4.900320.2032568.708241998.892141.93771.09482214.32298.4827.424-56.32920.1976568.054251683.641841.265662.85541949.52081.9749.484-86.62860.1889566.992261384.261533.95552.2221656.71803.1649.116-96.8940.1792565.759271118.381251.32450.47521118.381398.542503.4752-530.173956528888.451003.415361.2294888.451003.415361.229400.173956529694.38791.415284.9094694.38791.415284.909400.173956530535.22614.8221.328535.22614.8221.32800.173956531408.75471.985169.9146408.75471.985169.914600.173956532311.49360.12129.6432311.49360.12129.643200.173956533238.95275.2299.0792238.95275.2299.079200.173956534186.36212.65576.5558186.36212.65576.555800.173956535149.25167.80560.4098149.25167.80560.409800.173956536123.75136.549.14123.75136.549.1400.173956537106.71115.2341.4828106.71115.2341.48280064101.17536.42395.64101.17536.423007392.18533.186688.7392.18533.1866005586.6431.190484.5586.6431.1904005583.0529.89881.5583.0529.898000681.30529.269881.0681.30529.2698003681.2129.235681.3681.2129.2356001581.75529.431882.1581.75529.4318001882.66529.759483.1882.66529.7594003783.77530.15984.3783.77530.159006485.00530.601885.6485.00530.6018005684.630.45683.5684.630.45600.1739565时间t〔h〕入库洪水流量Q(m³/s)时段平均入库流量Q’(m³/s)时段入库水量Q’△t(万m³)下泄流量q(m³/s)时段平均下泄流量〔m³/s〕时段下泄水量q'△t(万m³)时