新编大学英语Unit 10 Book 4课件

UnitTenSatireinLiterature

UnitTenTask1:

Writersandtheirworks

Task2:

FamouswritingsTask3:

What’syourfavorite?

WritersandTheirWorks

—WhoAreThey?Directions:Thefollowingpicturesaresomeoftheworldfamouswriterswhoaregoodatusingsatire.Doyouknowthem?Ifyes,sayanythingyouknowaboutthem.Clickthepicturetogettoknowtheanswer.HansAnderson

LuXun

MaupassantHonoredeBalzac

TheCopandTheAnthemDirections:Thefollowingaresomeandfamouswritersandtheirwritings,matchthem.O’Henry

OldGoriot

DiaryofaMadman

Necklace

TheEmperor’sNewSuitWritersandTheirWorksVideoClipTheMillionPoundNoteisMarkTwain’sfamousnovelwhichismadeintoafilm.Itusesaironicwayvividlycriticizedthesociety.Thefollowingvideoclipclearlyshowsaudiencepeople’schangeofattitudestowardsmoney.Doyouthinkamancouldlivewithoutspendingmoneyprovidedhealreadyhasplentyofit?VideoClipClicktostopandclickagaintocontinueLear:Tellme,mydaughters-Sincenowwewilldivestusbothofrule,Interestofterritory,caresofstate,-Whichofyoushallwesaydothloveusmost?ThatweourlargestcountrymayextendWherenaturedothwithmeritchallenge,Goneril,Oureldest-born,speakfirst.Gonrril:Sir,Iloveyoumorethanwordcanwieldthematter;Dearerthaneye-sight,space,andliberty;Beyondwhatcanbevalued,richorrare;Nolessthanlife,withgrace,health,beauty,honor;Asmuchaschilde’erloved,orfatherfound;Alovethatmakesbreathpoor,andspeechunable;Beyondallmannerofsomuch,Iloveyou.Regan:Iammadeoftheself-samemetalthatmysister,Andprizemeatherworth.Inmytrueheart……

Ifindshenamesmyverydeedoflove;Onlyshecomestooshort:thatIprofessmyselfanenemytoallotherjoys,Whichthemostprecioussquareofsensepossesses…Cordelia:Nothing,mylord.UnhappythatIam,Icannotheavemyheartintomymouth:IloveyourmajestyAccordingtomybond;normorenorless.Goodmylord,Youhavebegotme,bredme,lovedme:IReturnthosedutiesbackasarerightfit,Obeyyou,loveyou,andmosthonoryou.Whyhavemysistershusbands,iftheysayTheyloveyouall?Happily,whenIshallwed,Thatlordwhosehandmusttakemyplightshallcarryhalfmylovewithhim,halfmycareandduty;Sure,Ishallnevermarrylikemysisters,Tolovemyfatherall.KingLearScriptThisquotationmeansthatweneedtomakeeffortsandfindwaysofsecuringself-approval.Peopleveryoftentryhardtowintheapprovalfromothers,andit’sactuallyaverydifficultthingtodo.Whatismoreworthwhiletodoistobeconfidentofyourselfandbeappreciativeofwhatyou’vedone.SampleAnswerThisquotationmeansthatifyoucomplimentsomeone,youshoulddoitbecauseyouthinkthepersondeservesit.Ifyouexpectanythinginreturn,yourcomplimentisnotsincere.Thisquotationmeansthatweshouldwelcomedifferentopinionsonanyissue.Differentopinionsmaysoundunpleasantandsometimesevenannoying,buttheymakethingsmoreinteresting.InterpretingQuotations

What’syourfavorite?—Discussion

What’syourfavoritewriting?Why?Who’syourfavoritecharacterinanovel?Why?Directions:

Discussinasmallgroupthefollowingquestions.In-ClassReading

TheImmortalBardWorkinpairstoanswerthefollowingquestions.WouldyoupleasesaysomethingaboutShakespeareandnamesomeofhisworksthatyouhaveread?SampleWilliamShakespeare(1564-1616),Englishpoet,dramatist,andactor,isconsideredbymanytobethegreatestdramatistofalltime.SomeofShakespeare’splays,suchasHamletandRomeoandJuliet,areamongthemostfamousliteraryworksoftheworld.IhavereadRomeoandJuliet,oneofShakespeare’sbest-knownplays.Itisasadromanticstoryabouttwoyoungpeople,whofellinlovealthoughtheirfamilieswereenemies.Theymarriedsecretly,butwerepreventedfrombeingtogether,andfinallytheybothkilledthemselves.Theyareconsideredtobetypicalexamplesofunluckyyounglovers.WhodidDr.Welchbringback?Whatdidtheydoandhowdidtheyfeel?SampleDr.WelchbroughtquiteafewfamousdeadpeoplebacksuchasArchimedes,NewtonandGalileo.Theywerefascinatedbyourmodernscience,especiallyArchimedes.Buttheycouldn’tgetusedtoourwayoflife.Theygotterriblylonelyandfrightened.Sohehadtosendthemback.Hethoughttheirmindsweregreat,butnotflexibleoruniversal.Setting:AtaChristmasparty.Characters:Dr.PhineasWelch(aphysicist)andScottRobertson(anEnglishinstructor)Development

ofthestory:Introduction:Dr.PhineasWelchclaimstohavetheabilitytobringbackthe

spiritsandbodiesoftheillustriousdead.语法训练Hewasalittledrunk,or

maybehewouldn’thavesaidit.

(Line3)译文or:ifnot,otherwise[常和else连用]否则,要不然译文他有点醉了，不然他不会这样胡说。Hewasalittledrunk,ormaybehewouldn’thavesaidit.

(Line3)语法训练

Ishouldthinkthey’dhavebeenfascinatedbyourmodernscience.

(Line17)译文should:aux.能;会;应该;将;要Ishouldthink:Ibelieveorexpect

我相信，我估计。Example我相信他能来。Ishouldthinkhecancome.

我想这不会造成任何问题。Ishouldn’tthinkthiswillcauseanyproblem.

语法训练Whatcannotberackedfromwordsinfivecenturies?（Line52）译文can/cannotberackedfrom从……里挤（不）出来Example他脑子里连一个例子都想不出来。Nosingleexamplecanberackedfromhisbrains.

我一直在绞尽脑汁回想他的名字。I’vebeenrackingmybrains(trying)torememberhisname.

译文在五个世纪的时间里还有什么不能从文字里榨出来呢？Whatcannotberackedfromwordsinfivecenturies?（Line52）IneversawamansoeagertofindoutwhatposteritythoughtofhimaspoorBillwas.

（Line65）译文句型应用Ineversawsb./sth.soeagertodosth.

我从来没有看过某人/某物如此急于做某事。beeagertodo

急欲,渴望做Example我从来没有看到像李莉那样急于听到宣布赛跑优胜者名单的学生。IneversawastudentsoeagertoheartheannouncementofthewinnersoftheraceasLily.我从来没有看到印度的年轻人像这样渴望受到良好的教育，得到一份好工作。IneversawyoungpeopleinIndiasoeagertogetagoodeducationandagoodjob.我从来没有看到哪家公司这样急于开辟新市场。Ineversawacompanysoeagertoexpandintonewmarket.译文我从来没有看到像可怜的比尔那样如此急于知道后人是怎么看他的人。IneversawamansoeagertofindoutwhatposteritythoughtofhimaspoorBillwas.

（Line65）immortal(Tittle)adj.1)thatwillneverdie;notmortal

不死的，长生的SomeemperorsinChinesehistorytriedhardtofindsomeimmortal

pills,butinvain.中国历史上一些皇帝想尽办法寻找长生不死药，但却毫无收获。Translation人都是要死的。Nobodyisimmortal.

adj.2)famousforeverorberemembered

.forever流芳百世的；不朽的;永存的n.名声不朽的人；流芳百世的人ExerciseHamletisoneofShakespeare’s_____________.《哈姆雷特》是莎士比亚的传世名剧之一。immortalplays人民英雄永垂不朽。Theheroesofthepeopleareimmortal.

人们将会永远的记住他的不朽的功勋。Hisimmortaldeedswillberememberedforever.

bringback(Line1,Para.1)1)tocausetoreturn拿回来；带回来Whenyougotothebookstore,willyoubringsomeCET-6referencebooksbackforme?当你去书店时，能帮我带一些6级参考书回来吗？Translation我们带你去听音乐会，还可以送你回来。We’lltakeyoutotheconcert,andwecanalsobringyouback.2)tocausetoreturntothemind

使回忆起来ExerciseTheoldsongsofChyiChin__________________________.齐秦的老歌能使人回想起美好的过去。broughtbackHisletter________________________________________________.他的来信使他们回忆起在北京的日子。broughtbacktothemthedayswhenthey请完成下面的句子。happymemorieswereinBeijing动词bring组成的主要短语：bringabout使发生,引起bringaround使信服；使复苏bringforward提出（新主意）；提议；提前,；显示bringout使显示;出版;生产;说出bringto使恢复知觉;[航海]停船bringup教育；培养；提出；(船)抵达目的地transference(Line10,Para.7)n.theprocessofmovingsomeoneorsomethingfromoneplace,position,job,etc.toanother转移，传输，调动Exercise__________________________________wassecretlycarriedout.他的私人财产的转移是秘密进行的。Thetransferenceofhispersonalproperty请完成下面的句子。His______________hasnotgottheapprovalofhissupervisors.他的工作调动并没有得到他的上司的批准。jobtransference动词形式：transferExerciseThemanagementdecided_________________________________________itsnewplantinMalaysia.(公司的)管理层决定将其数码相机的生产业务转移到在马来西亚新建的工厂去。totransfertheproductionThattalentedfootballplayerishopingto___________________________________.那名很有天赋的足球运动员一直希望能够转会到西班牙劲旅(powerhouse)巴塞罗那（俱乐部）。transferto请完成下面的句子。ofthedigitalcameratoSpanishpowerhouseBarcelonav.tomovefromoneplace,job,position,etc.toanother转移,调动vaguely(Line14,Para.11)adv.notclearlyinshapeorform;notclearlydescribed,expressed,knownorestablished模糊地，不清楚地；含糊地；不明确地Ifeltvaguelyuncomfortable.我隐隐约约感到不舒服。Translation她对我记不太清楚了。Sherememberedmeveryvaguely.形容词形式：vagueThroughthefogwesawthe

vagueoutlineofthatskyscraper.透过雾，我们看到那幢摩天大楼的模糊轮廓。Translation我依稀记得我们第一次相见的地方。I’vegotavagueideaaboutwherewefirstmet.

adj.模糊的，不清楚的；含糊的；不明确的名词形式：vaguenessn.暧昧；含糊；模糊fascinate(Line17,Para.12)

v.toattractandholdtheinterestandattentionof迷住；使神魂颠倒

Anythingtodowiththeknowledgeaboutthespaceshuttlewillfascinatethechild.任何关于航天飞机的知识都会深深地吸引住那个孩子（的注意力）。TranslationTranslation所有观众都为歌手刘欢的带有磁性的嗓音所倾倒。Allthemembersoftheaudiencewerefascinatedby/withsingerLiuHuan’smagneticvoice.

孩子们历来都迷恋童话故事。Childrenhavealwaysbeenfascinatedbyfairytales.adj.fascinating迷人的；吸引人的；使神魂颠倒的afascinatingvoice/story/movie/idea名词形式：fascinationn.

魔力,入迷,魅力,迷恋,强烈爱好fumble(Line37,Para.23)v.trytohold,move,orfindsomethingwithone’shandsinanawkwardway

笨手笨脚地摸，摸索Theoldmanfumbledinhispocket

forakey.那个老人在口袋里摸索钥匙。Translation那两个贼笨拙地把门打开。Thetwothievesfumbledthedooropen.

fumblewith/at/for笨手笨脚地做某事或寻找某事Shefumbledwithhernotesandbegantospeak.她手忙脚乱地翻找讲稿，然后开始讲话。Translation他在黑暗中摸索电灯开关。Hefumbledforthelightswitchinthedark.thinkhighlyof(Line43,Para.26)admireorrespectsomeoneorsomething对……评价高HisparentsthoughthighlyofSaBeining,thehostofpopularlawpromotionprogram“LegalReport”.很多电视观众对于中央电视台的歌唱比赛节目《梦想中国》评价很高。ManyTVaudiencesthinkhighlyofCCTV’ssingingcontestprogram“DreamChina”.

Translation他的父母对于深受观众欢迎的法制节目《今日说法》的主持人萨贝宁评价不错。thinkpoorly/nothing/alot/notmuch/little…ofsb./sth.Translation他认为他们球队的胜利不算什么。Hethinksnothingofthesuccessoftheirfootballteam.

大多数观众对这部电影的评价都很差。Thenewmoviewaspoorlythoughtofbymostaudience.我认为自己的表现不怎么样。Idon’tthinkmuchofmyperformance.onaccountof(Line56,Para.32)

becauseofsomethingelse,especiallyaproblemordifficulty为了……的缘故，因为，由于请完成下面的句子。ExerciseOlympicgoldmedallistTianLiangwasdismissedfromthenationalteamin2005,____________________________________________________.由于参与了过多的商业活动，奥运冠军田亮在2005年被开除出了国家队。_________________________,shewasunabletogetadmittedinthatmilitaryacademy.由于身高的缘故，她没被那所军校录取。Onaccountofhershortheightonaccountofgettinginvolvedinsomanycommercialactivitiespolishup(Line58,Para.32)improvetechniques,performance,orskills使完美，改进请完成下面的句子。Exercise__________________________________isnotaneasyjob.提高那名歌手的发声技巧不是一件容易的事儿。_____________________________ifyouaregoingtoSpainforyourholidays.如果你要去西班牙度假的话，你有必要提高你的西班牙语表达能力。YouneedtopolishyourSpanishupTopolishthatsinger’svocaltechniqueupExerciseThatgreedyrichmanlikes_________________________.那个贪婪的财主喜欢把自己的铜板擦得闪闪发光。polishinguphiscopperTheworldchampion,___________________,recallinghispastglory.这位世界冠军擦拭他的奖牌，回忆自己过去的荣耀。polisheduphismedals请完成下面的句子。coins2)putpolishonsomethingorrubsomethingwithaclothtomakeitshine擦光，擦亮polishn.

磨光;光泽;上光剂;优雅;精良

vt.

擦亮;发亮;磨光;推敲

vi.

发亮;变光滑disregard(Line61,Para.34)v.topaynoattentionto;treatasunimportantorunworthyofnotice忽视；忽略；不理Translation她很有可能不看重我的建议。Sheismorelikelytodisregardmyadvice.我们会不顾一切困难帮助他们摆脱困境。Disregarding

alldifficulties,wewilltryourbesttohelpthemgetoutofdanger.

ExerciseAqualifiedtouristguide_____________________________________________.一名合格的导游决不能漠视游客的安全问题。shouldnevershowanyHewasdismissedonaccountof_______________________________.他因为漠视客户的权益而被解雇。hisdisregardof请完成下面的句子。disregardtohistourists’safetyn.lackofproperattentiontoorrespectforsomeoneorsomething漠视,忽视hisclients’interestsenroll(Line65,Para.36)v.(=enrol)tomake(oneselforanother

person)officiallyamemberofa

group[亦作enrol]登记;招收;使入伍(或入会、入学等);参加;成为成员请完成下面的句子。ExerciseCCTV_______________________________asthemembersofthejudgegroupofthesingercompetition.中央电视台吸收了一些著名的台湾歌手作为歌手大赛的评审团成员。Hiselderlybrotherdecidedto________________________.他的哥哥决定去参军。enrollhimselfintheenrolledsomefamousTaiwansingersarmyExerciseOuruniversityisgoingto__________________thisyear.我们学校今年打算招收3000名学生。enroll3000studentsI_______________________________becauseIhavetoworkduringthedaytime.因为我白天要上班，所以我注册了晚间课程班。haveenrolledinthe请完成下面的句子。eveningclassesExerciseThiscollege_____________________________.这所学院有2000名学生注册。hasanenrollmentof2000students______________________________willbringvarietiestotheclub.新成员的注册将会给这个俱乐部带来新的变化。Theenrollmentofthenewmembers请完成下面的句子。n.登记；注册；入伍；入会；入学；注册、入学等的人数派生词：enrollmentfantasy(Line69,Para.37)n.imagination,esp.whenunlimitedorallowedcompletefreedom空想；幻想Translation有时候孩子的想象力甚至是成年人都无法理解的。Sometimeschildren’sfantasyevengoesbeyondadults’comprehension.不要让空想去妨碍你的成功。Don’tletfantasygetinthewayofyoursuccess.

Translation由于经常做一些怪诞的梦，她在夜晚经常无法安睡。Shecouldnotenjoysufficientsleepatnightbecauseofsomefantasticdreams.他并不在意那些荒诞的故事。Hepaidlittleattentiontothosefantasticstories.

adj.1)(ofanidea,plan,etc.)tooextremeorunrelatedtorealitytobepracticalorreasonable

幻想的，不切实际的；奇异的；古怪的形容词形式：fantastic2)(informal口语)marvelous;excellent;verylarge;extraordinary

棒极了；好极了；巨大的；异乎寻常的Translation她是一位非常棒的剪纸艺术家。Sheisafantasticpaper-cuttingartist.

你赢了比赛。太棒了！You’vewonthegame.Fantastic.

他们在婚礼上花了一大笔钱。Theyspentafantasticamountofmoneyontheirwedding.Icanbringbackthespiritsoftheillustriousdead.Ithinkhewillgomadwithjoy.Theinstructoradjustedhisglasses.我可以使那些故去的名人起死回生。我想他会高兴得发狂的。老师扶了扶眼镜。Don’tyell.It’sbadmanners.别喊。多不雅啊。I’vegothissignature.Ididmybesttopleasehimwithourtimes.我有他的亲笔签名。我竭力使他喜欢我们的时代。Peoplehadwrittenvolumesofcommentariesonhisplays.人们为他的戏剧写的评论一本又一本，数不胜数。Ienrolledhiminyoureveningextensioncourse.我帮他注册了你上的夜校的课。文化与翻译英语重形合，汉语重意合英语多被动，汉语多主动英语多抽象，汉语多具体英语多替换，汉语多重复文化与翻译

翻译的最高境界是“化”，即将英语翻译成汉语时，能够选用合适的词汇、结构将原文的内涵表达出来，没有生造堆砌之感，又无文化的差异造成牵强附会之说。英语与汉语中存在着共性的东西，也存在着相当多的差异。其差异主要表现在以下方面：一、英语重形合，汉语重意合。英语喜欢采用形合的形式，即采用语言形式手段（如关联词等）连接词语或分句，以体现句子语法意义和逻辑关系；汉语则喜欢采用意合的形式，即不以结构上的逻辑为连接，而是通过句子、短语间的意思为连接手段。不入虎穴，焉得虎子。Ifyoufeartoenterthetiger’slair,howcanyougetatigercub?抓住了主要矛盾，一切问题就可以迎刃而解。Oncetheprincipalcontradictionisgrasped,allproblemscanbereadilysolved.二、英语多被动，汉语多主动。在英语语言中，人们倾向于使用被动句，正式文体尤其如此。而在汉语中，出于语言习惯，人们更倾向于使用主动句。在此情况下，在翻译英语被动句时，可采用转换主语、省略主语或使用“被”、“受”、“遭”、“加以”等表示被动概念的词。将这一事实一带而过无济于事，需要强调重复，充分加以说明。Itisnousemerelymentioningthefactinpassing;itneedstobedrivenhomebyemphasisandrepetition.三、英语多抽象，汉语多具体。英语的抽象表达法非常普遍，其主要特点就是使用大量的抽象名词；而汉语多以具体形象表现抽象内容。常见的将英语抽象词义翻译成汉语的方法主要是采用范畴词将抽象词具体化：unemployment失业状况settlement解决方案complexity复杂性arrogance傲慢态度disadvantage不利境地enthusiasm热情态度silence沉默局面lightheartedness轻松愉快的心情preparation准备工作四、英语多替换，汉语多重复。在英语中，应当尽量避免音节重复、词语重复，或者句式重复、意义重复。因此，英语喜欢采用替代、省略、变换等方式避免无意义的重复；而汉语讲究对称美，因此在遣词造句中多使用重复手段。化学变化是改变分子结构、形成新物质的一种变化。Achemicalchangeisoneinwhichthestructureofparticlesischangedandanewsubstanceisformed.写作实践例文:ACampaignSpeechfortheVoiceofLiteratureEditor-in-Chief相关链接Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacomposition

Situation:SupposeyourmajorisEnglishliterature.Youarerequiredtodeliveracampaignspeechfortheeditor-in-chiefofthestudentmagazineVoiceofLiterature.entitledACampaignSpeechfortheVoiceofLiteratureEditor-in-Chief.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsaccordingtothesituationgivenbelow:Helloeveryone,IamLiXiang,ajuniorintheEnglishLiteratureDepartment.IwanttobetheEditor-in-ChiefofVoiceofLiterature.Ihaveagreatdealofexperienceworkingasapart-timestudenteditorfortwocampusnewspapers.IhavehadtheopportunitytoobservehowVoiceofLiteratureworkedwhenIcoordinatedeventsincludingtheBlueMoonPoetryContestandShakespeareMonth.Asahighlymotivatedstudentandcapableleader,Ihaveanexcellentacademicandworkrecord.Myall-aroundabilitiesshouldtellyouIamqualifiedforthisposition.ACampaignSpeechfortheVoiceofLiteratureEditor-in-Chief

BelowaresomeideasIwishtopursue.Firstofall,apartfromoverseeingthemonthlypublicationofthemagazine,IwillcreateaninteractiveandaccessibleVoiceofLiteraturewebsiteconsistingofpostedworldwideevents,meetings,best-sellers,amongmuchmore.Secondly,throughbettercommunicationwithastaffofstudentwriters,IwillcollaboratewiththeWritingHousetotransformusedliteraturebooksintoapublicsystemofsharedreferencebooks.Thirdly,Iplantoorganizeawritingcenterwhereliteraturemajorswouldworkasvolunteerstohelppeersproofreadtheirwriting.Lastbutnotleast,Iwillworkwithotherschoolliteraturemagazinestoinvitewriterstospeakonthecurrenttrendsininternetliterature.Mygoalsaretomakeunpublishedwritingmoreaccessibleto