中美三个联合公报英文

JointCommuniqueoftheUnitedStatesofAmericaandthePeople'sRepublicofChinaFebruary28,1972RichardNixonoftheUnitedStatesofAmericavisitedthePeople'sRepublicofChinaat theinvitation of Premier ChouEn-lai ofthePeople's Republic ofChinafromFebruary 21toFebruary 28,1972.AccompanyingthePresident wereMrs.Nixon, .Secretary ofState William Rogers, Assistant tothePresident Dr. HenryKissinger,andotherAmericanofficials.Nixon metwith ChairmanMaoTsetungoftheCommunistParty ofChinaonFebruaryThetwoleadershadaseriousandfrankexchangeofviewson.relationsandworldaffairs.the visit, extensive, earnest andfrank discussions wereheldbetweenPresidentNixonandPremier ChouEn-lai onthe normalization of relations betweentheUnitedStatesofAmericaandthePeople'sRepublicofChina,aswellasonothermattersofinterest tobothsides. Inaddition, Secretary ofState William RogersandForeignMinisterChiPeng-feiheldtalksinthesamespirit.NixonandhispartyvisitedPekingandviewedcultural,industrialandagriculturalsites,andtheyalsotouredHangchowandShanghaiwhere,continuingdiscussionswithChineseleaders,theyviewedsimilarplacesofinterest.leaders ofthePeople's Republic ofChinaandtheUnitedStates ofAmericafounditbeneficialtohavethisopportunity,aftersomanyyearswithoutcontact,topresentcandidlytooneanothertheirviewsonavarietyofissues.Theyreviewedtheinternationalsituationinwhichimportantchangesandgreatupheavalsaretakingplaceandexpoundedtheirrespectivepositionsandattitudes.Chinesesidestated:Whereverthereisoppression,thereisresistance.Countrieswantindependence,nationswantliberationandthepeoplewantrevolution——thishasbecometheirresistibletrendofhistory.Allnations,bigorsmall,shouldbeequal:bignationsshouldnotbullythesmallandstrongnationsshouldnotbullytheweak.Chinawillneverbeasuperpoweranditopposeshegemonyandpowerpoliticsofanykind.TheChinesesidestatedthatitfirmlysupportsthestrugglesofalltheoppressedpeopleandnationsforfreedomandliberationandthatthepeopleofallcountrieshavetherighttochoosetheirsocialsystemsaccordingtheirownwishesandtherighttosafeguardtheindependence,sovereigntyandterritorialintegrityoftheirowncountriesandopposeforeignaggression,interference,controlandsubversion.Allforeigntroopsshouldbewithdrawntotheirowncountries.TheChinesesideexpresseditsfirmsupporttothepeoplesofVietNam,LaosandCambodiaintheireffortsfortheattainmentoftheirgoalanditsfirmsupporttotheseven-pointproposaloftheProvisionalRevolutionaryGovernmentoftheRepublicofSouthVietNamandtheelaborationofFebruarythisyearonthetwokeyproblemsintheproposal,andtotheJointDeclarationoftheSummitConferenceoftheIndochinesePeoples.Itfirmlysupportstheeight-pointprogramforthepeacefulunificationofKoreaputforwardbytheGovernmentoftheDemocraticPeople'sRepublicofKoreaonApril12,1971,andthestandfortheabolitionofthe".CommissionfortheUnificationandRehabilitationofKorea".ItfirmlyopposestherevivalandoutwardexpansionofJapanesemilitarismandfirmlysupportstheJapanesepeople'sdesiretobuildanindependent,democratic,peacefulandneutralJapan.ItfirmlymaintainsthatIndiaandPakistanshould,inaccor-dancewiththeUnitedNationsresolutionsontheIndo-Pakistanquestion,immediatelywithdrawalltheirforcestotheirrespectiveterritoriesandtotheirownsidesoftheceasefirelineinJammuandKashmirandfirmlysupportsthePakistanGovernmentandpeopleintheirstruggletopreservetheirindependenceandsovereigntyandthepeopleofJammuandKashmirintheirstrugglefortherightofself-determination..sidestated:PeaceinAsiaandpeaceintheworldrequireseffortsbothtoreduceimmediatetensionsandtoeliminatethebasiccausesofcon-flict.TheUnitedStateswillworkforajustandsecurepeace:just,becauseitfulfillstheaspira-tionsofpeoplesandnationsforfreedomandprogress;secure,becauseitremovesthedangerofforeignag-gression.TheUnitedStatessupportsindividualfree-domandsocialprogressforallthepeoplesoftheworld,freeofoutsidepressureorintervention.TheUnitedStatesbelievesthattheefforttoreduceten-sionsisservedbyimprovingcommunicationbetweencountriesthathavedifferentideologiessoastolessentherisksofconfrontationthroughaccident,miscalculationormisunderstanding.Countriesshouldtreateachotherwithmutualrespectandbewillingtocompetepeacefully,lettingperformancebetheulti-matejudge.Nocountryshouldclaiminfallibilityandeachcountryshouldbepreparedtore-examineitsownattitudesforthecommongood.TheUnitedStatesstressedthatthepeoplesofIndochinashouldbeal-lowedtodeterminetheirdestinywithoutoutsidein-tervention;itsconstantprimaryobjectivehasbeenanegotiatedsolution;theeight-pointproposalputforwardbytheRepublicofVietNamandtheUnitedStatesonJanuary27,1972representsabasisfortheattainmentofthatobjective;intheabsenceofanegotiatedsettlementtheUnitedStatesenvisagestheultimatewithdrawalofall.forcesfromtheregionconsistentwiththeaimofself-determinationforeachcountryofIndochina.TheUnitedStateswillmaintainitsclosetieswithandsupportfortheRepublicofKorea;theUnitedStateswillsupporteffortsoftheRepublicofKoreatoseekarelaxationoftensionandincreasedcommunicationintheKoreanpeninsula.TheUnitedStatesplacesthehighestvalueonitsfriendlyrelationswithJapan;itwillcontinuetodeveloptheexistingclosebonds.ConsistentwiththeUnitedNationsSecurityCouncilResolutionofdecember21,1971,theUnitedStatesfavorsthecontinuationoftheceasefireandPakistanandthewithdraw-alofallmilitaryforcestowithintheir

betweenIndiaownterrito-riesandtotheirownsidesoftheceasefirelineinJammuandKashmir;theUnitedStatessupportstherightofthepeoplesofSouthAsiatoshapetheirownfutureinpeace,freeofmilitarythreat,andwithouthavingtheareabecomethesubjectofgreatpowerrivalry.areessentialdifferencesbetweenChinaandtheUnitedStatesintheirsocialsystemsandforeignpolicies.However,thetwosidesagreedthatcoun-tries,regardlessoftheirsocialsystems,shouldconducttheirrelationsontheprinciplesofrespectforthesovereigntyandterritorialintegrityofallstates,non-aggressionagainstotherstates,non-in-terferenceintheinternalaffairsofotherstates,equalityandmutualbenefit,andpeacefulcoexistence.Internationaldisputesshouldbesettledonthisbasis,withoutresortingtotheuseorthreatofforce.TheUnitedStatesandthePeople'sRepublicofChinaarepreparedtoapplytheseprinciplestotheirmutualrelations.these principles ofinternational relations inmindthetwosides stated that:o progresstowardthenormalizationofrelationsbetweenChinaandtheUnitedStatesisintheinter-estsofallcountriesoconflict

bothwishtoreducethedangerofinternationalmilitaryo neithershouldseekhegemonyintheAsia-Pacif-icregionandeachisopposedtoeffortsbyanyothercountryorgroupofcountriestoestablishsuchhege-monyo neitherispreparedtonegotiateonbehalfofanythirdpartyortoenterintoagreementsorunder-standingswiththeotherdirectedatotherstates.sidesareoftheviewthatitwouldbeagainsttheinterestsofthepeoplesoftheworld for anymajor country tocollude with another against other countries,orformajorcountriestodivideuptheworldintospheresofinterest.twosidesreviewedthelong-standingseriousdisputesbetweenChinaandtheUnitedStates.TheChinesesidereaffirmeditsposition:theTaiwanquestionisthecrucialquestionobstructingthenor-malizationofrelationsbetweenChinaandtheUnitedStates;theGovernmentofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaisthesolelegalgovernmentofChina;TaiwanisaprovinceofChinawhichhaslongbeenreturnedtothemotherland;theliberationofTaiwanisChina'sinternalaffairinwhichnoothercountryhastherighttointerfere;andall.forcesandmilitaryinstallationsmustbewithdrawnfromTaiwan.TheChineseGovernmentfirmlyopposesanyactivitieswhichaimatthecreationof"oneChina,oneTaiwan","oneChina,twogovernments","twoChinas",an"independentTaiwan"oradvocatethat"thestatusofTaiwanremainstobedetermined"..sidedeclared:TheUnitedStatesac-knowledgesthatallChineseoneithersideoftheTaiwanStraitmaintainthereisbutoneChinaandthatTaiwanisapartofChina.TheUnitedStatesGovern-mentdoesnotchallengethatposition.ItreaffirmsitsinterestinapeacefulsettlementoftheTaiwanquestionbytheChinesethemselves.Withthispros-pectinmind,itaffirmstheultimateobjectiveofthewithdrawalofall.forcesandmilitaryinstalla-tionsfromTaiwan.Inthemeantime,itwillprogres-sivelyreduceitsforcesandmilitaryinstallationsonTaiwanasthetensionintheareadiminishes.Thetwosidesagreedthatitisdesirabletobroadentheunderstandingbetweenthetwopeoples.Tothisend,theydiscussedspecificareasinsuchfieldsasscience,technology,culture,sportsism,inwhichpeople-to-peoplecontactsandexchangeswouldbemutually

andjournal-beneficial.Eachsideundertakestofacilitatethefurtherdevelopmentofsuchcontactsandexchanges.sidesviewbilateraltradeasanotherareafromwhichmutualbenefitcanbederived,andagreedthateconomicrelationsbasedonequalityandmutualbenefitareintheinterestofthepeoplesofthetwocountries.Theyagreetofacilitatetheprogressivedevelopmentoftradebetweentheirtwocountries.twosidesagreedthattheywillstayincon-tactthroughvariouschannels,includingthesendingofasenior.representativetoPekingfromtimetotimeforconcrete consultations tofurther thenormal- ization ofrelations betweenthetwocountriesandcontinuetoexchangeviewsonissuesofcommoninter-est.twosidesexpressedthehopethatthegainsachievedduringthisvisitwouldopenupnewprospects for therelations betweenthetwocountries. Theybelieve thatthenormalization ofrelations betweenthetwocountries is notonly intheinterestoftheChineseandAmericanpeoples butalsocontributes totherelaxation oftensioninAsiaandtheworld.Nixon,Mrs.NixonandtheAmericanpartyexpressedtheirappreciationgracioushospitalityshownthembytheGovernmentandpeopleofthePeople'sofChina.

for theRepublicJointCommuniqueoftheUnitedStatesofAmericaandthePeople'sRepublicofChinaJanuary1,1979（ThecommuniquewasreleasedonDecember15,1978,inWashingtonandBeijing. ）TheUnitedStatesofAmericaand thePeople'sRepublicofChinahaveagreed torecognizeeachotherandtoestablishdiplomaticrelationsasofJanuary1,1979.UnitedStatesofAmericarecognizestheGovernmentofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaasthesolelegalGovernmentofChina.Withinthiscontext,thepeopleoftheUnited States will maintain cultural, commercial, andother unofficial relationswiththepeopleofTaiwan.UnitedStatesofAmericaandthePeople'sRepublicofChinareaffirmtheprinciples agreedonbythe twosides intheShanghaiCommuniqueandemphasizeonceagainthat:wishtoreducethedangerofinternationalmilitaryconflict.shouldseekhegemonyintheAsia-Pacificregionorinanyotherregionofworldandeachisopposedtoeffortsbyanyothercountryorgroupofcountriestoestablishsuchhegemony.

theis prepared tonegotiate onbehalf ofanythird party ortoenter into agreementsorunderstandingswiththeotherdirectedatotherstates.GovernmentoftheUnitedStatesofAmericaacknowledgestheChinesepositionthatthereisbutoneChinaandTaiwanispartofChina.believethatnormalizationofSino-AmericanrelationsisnotonlyintheinterestoftheChineseandAmericanpeoplesbutalsocontributestothecauseofpeaceinAsiaandtheworld.TheUnitedStatesofAmericaandthePeople'sRepublicofChinawillexchangeAmbassadorsandestablishEmbassiesonMarch1,1979.JointCommuniqueoftheUnitedStatesofAmericaandthePeople'sRepublicofChinaAugust17,1982theJointCommuniqueontheEstablishmentofDiplomaticRelationsonJanuary1,1979,issuedbytheGovernmentoftheUnitedStatesofAmericaandthePeople'sRepublicofChina,theUnitedStatesofAmericarecognizedtheGovernmentofthePeople's Republic ofChinaasthesole legal GovernmentofChina,andit acknowledgedtheChineseposition that there isbutoneChinaandTaiwanispart ofChina. Withinthat context, thetwosides agreedthat thepeopleoftheUnited States wouldcontinuetomaintaincultural,commercial,andotherunofficialrelationswiththepeopleofTaiwan.Onthisbasis,relationsbetweentheUnitedStatesandChinawerenormalized.questionofUnitedStatesarmssalestoTaiwanwasnotsettledinthecourseofnegotiations betweenthetwocountries onestablishing diplomatic relations. Thetwosides helddiffering positions, andtheChinesesidestated that it wouldraisetheissue againfollowing normalization. Recognizing that this issuewouldseriouslyhamperthedevelopmentofUnitedStates-Chinarelations,theyhaveheldfurtherdiscussionsonit,duringandsincethemeetingsbetweenPresidentRonaldReaganandPremierZhaoZiyangandbetweenSecretaryofStateAlexanderM.Haig,Jr.andVicePremierandForeignMinisterHuangHuainOctober1981.foreachother'ssovereigntyandterritorialintegrityandnon-interferenceineachother'sinternalaffairsconstitutethefundamentalprinciplesguidingUnitedStatesChinarelations.TheseprincipleswereconfirmedintheShanghaiCommuniqueofFebruary28,1972andreaffirmedintheJointCommuniqueontheEstablishmentOfDiplomaticRelationswhichcameintoeffectonJanuary1,1979.Bothsides emphatically state that theseprinciples continue togovernall aspectsoftheirrelations.Chinese Governmentreiterates that thequestion ofTaiwanis China's

internalaffair.TheMessagetoCompatriotsinTaiwanissuedbyChinaonJanuary1,1979promulgated afundamental policy ofstriving for peaceful reunification

ofthemotherland.TheNine-PointProposalputforwardbyChinaonSeptember30,1981representedafurthermajoreffortunderthisfundamentalpolicytostriveforapeacefulsolutiontotheTaiwanquestion.UnitedStatesGovernmentattachesgreatimportancetoitsrelationswithChina,andreiteratesthatithasnointentionofinfringingonChinesesovereigntyandterritorialintegrity,orinterferinginChina'sinternalaffairs,orpursuingapolicyof"twoChinas"or"oneChina,oneTaiwan."TheUnitedStatesGovernmentunderstandsandappreciatestheChinesepolicyofstrivingforapeacefulresolutionoftheTaiwanquestionasindicatedinChina'sMessagetoCompatriotsinTaiwanissuedonJanuary1,1979andtheNine-PointProposalputforwardbyChinaonSeptember30,1981.ThenewsituationwhichhasemergedwithregardtotheTaiwanquestionalsoprovidesfavorableconditionsforthesettlementofUnitedStates-ChinadifferencesoverUnitedStatesarmssalestoTaiwan.Havinginmindtheforegoingstatementsofbothsides,theUnitedStatesGovernmentstatesthatitdoesnotsee