2020年上海市松江区高考英语二模试卷

2020年上海市松江区高考英语二模试卷ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections：InSectionA，youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation，aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutitreadthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper，anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1．(★★★★★)A．Thebroadcast．BTheweather．CThelatestnews．DTheholiday．2．(★★★★★)A．Sheenjoyedherholidayverymuch．BSheneedn'thaveworkedhardfortheexam．CShedidagoodjobintheexam．DSheworkedhardandearnedalotofmoney．3．(★★★★★)A．PlayingagameBRidingahorse．CTakingaphoto．DWatchingTV．4．(★★★★★)A．Thewomandidn'tgettheresultofthematchBTherewaslittleaboutthesoccermatchonTV．C．Theresultofthesoccermatchwasn'tannounced．D．Theresultwasnotavailableinthenewspaper．5．(★★★★★)A．Inagrocerystore．B．Atabank．C．Inarepairshop．D．Atahotel．6．(★★★★★)A．Lendhiscar．B．Driveherthere．C．TelephoneLisa．D．Callherataxi．．(★★★★★)A．Bossandsecretary．B．Interviewerandinterviewee．C．Managerandclerk．D．Teacherandstudent．．（★★★★★）A．Theirtasteinbooksisdifferent．B．Shedoesn'tliketoread．C．Sheonlyreadsbooksthathedoesn'tlike．D．Thelibraryisn'topenlately．．（★★★★★）A．Sheistiredofdrivinginheavytraffic．B．Sheenjoysitbecausesheisgoodatdriving．C．Shedoesn'tminditastheroadconditionsaregood．D．Sheisquiteunhappytohavetodrivesuchalongway．.（★★★★★".Hecan'tgetthebooksonthelist.B．Helackstimetotakethecourse．Hedoesn'tlikehistoryatall.Hemustreadalotofbooks.SectionBDirections：InSectionB，youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation，andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthem.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice，butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion，readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.（★★★★★）（1）A.Washhishandsthoroughly.Practiceeatingpiequickly.Avoideatingmuchfood.Preparetherighttasteofpie.（2）A.Onthetable.Underthebottom.Onhislap.Behindhisback.（3）A.Swallowingthepiewithwater.Holdingthepieintherightposition.Eatingfromtheoutsidetowardthemiddle.Lookingsidewaystoseehowfastyourneighboureats..（★★★★★）（1）A.Howtodothegardening.Howtogetbirdstoagarden.Howtotakecareofbirds.Howtofeedbirdsinagarden.（2）A.Shelter，foodandwater.Fruitwaterandinsects.Plants，shelterandfood.Plants，seedsandinsects.（3）A.Nottoobservethem.B．Nottoapproachthem．C．Playwiththemregularly．D．Playsomemusicforthem．．（★★★★★）（1）A．Theyareplanningactivitiesfortheweekend．B．Theyarelookingforanapartmentinthecity．C．Theyarecomplainingabouttheurbanlivingenvironment．D．Theyarediscussinglivingplacesandchildren'seducation．（2）A．Thenaturalenvironmentisbeneficialtochildren．B．Thecountrysideisaperfectplaceforweekends．C．Thereismuchtodobesidesworkandstudy．D．It'sconvenientforpeopletogoanywhere．（3）A．Thereisalottoseeanddoforchildrenandadults．B．Thechildrenaretooyoungtobenefitfromcitylife．C．Thereisn'tenoughforchildrentoseeanddointhecity．D．Evenadultsthemselvescannotgoeverywhereinthecity．（4）A．Sheisafull-timehousewife．B．Shedoesnotcareforherchildren．C．Shelivedinthesuburbsasachild．D．Shewillgotoamuseumnextweekend．II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections：Afterreadingthepassagebelow，fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword，fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword；fortheotherblanks，useonewordthatbestfitseachblank..（★★★）Aftergraduation,SusanwasaskedtobecometheexecutivedirectoroftheFloatingHospital．Shehesitatedatfirst，asitwasademandingjobandshewonderedwhethershecouldhandleit.Butonsecondthoughts,sheagreedtotakethejob.（1）While/Though/Althoughthisjobturnedoutrewarding,shesoongottiredofit.⑵Seated（seat）atherdeskoneday,shewantedtogodowntotheNewSchoolforSocialResearchallofasudden.Sinceshealwaysbelievedinstinctwasanadvantageshe（3）couldtrust,shedecidedtohaveago.Withoutanyplan，shetitledthecourse'FeeltheFearandDoItAnyway'，Susanwasnervousasshefacedthefirstsessionofthetwelve-weekcourse.Thetwohourswentonsmoothly,butshethen（4）waschallenged（challenge）withanewfear，forshedidn'tknowwhattopresentthenextweek.Butsurprisingly，everyweekshefoundshehadmoretosay.Herconfidencelevelgrowing,sherealized.shehadequipped（5）herselfsomuchovertheyearsaboutgettingoverfearandherstudentsweredrinkingitup.Attheendofthecourse.theywereamazedat（6）lowshiftingtheirthinkingreallychangedtheirlives.Susaneventuallydecidedtowriteabookbasedonthecourseshehadtaught.Shefacedmanyobstaeles.Andafter（7）beingrejected（reject）byfouragentsandvariouspublishers．sheunwillinglyputtheproposalinadrawer.Onedayafterthreeyearsofwriting.shewentthroughthedrawer（8）wheresheheldhermuch-rejectedbookproposal.Pickingitup.shehadasharpsensethatsheheldsomethinginherhandsmanypeopleneededtoread.Shesetoutwithmuchdetermination,therefore,（9）tofind（find）apublisherwhobelievedinherbookthesamewayshedid.Thistime，shesucceeded.Shesucceededbeyondherwildestdreams.Shewassohappythatshefollowedherheartandnevergaveupovercomingfearswhichstood（10）inherway.SectionBDirections：Afterreadingthepassagebelow，fillineachblankwithaproperwordgiveninthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonemorewordthanyouneed..（★★★）Fromtheearly1950suntil2009,adepartmentintheUnitedKingdom'sMinistryofDefence（MoD）documentedandinvestigatedreportsofUFOs.Now,morethanadecadeaftertheprogramended,manyofthose（1）_FclassifiedfilesaboutUFOwillbemadeavailabletothepublicforthefirsttime.Previously,someMoDfilesaboutUFOshadbeenpublishedonlineattheU.K.NationalArchives（国家档案馆）website.TheTelegraphreported.However,alloftheagency'sUFOreportswillbe（2）_Athisyearon"adedicatedgov.ukwebpage."spokespersonfortheBritishRoyalAirForce（RAF）toldTheTelegraph.ThedecisioncameafterPAMedia,aBritishnewsagency,filedarequestfortheUFOfilesundera/an（3）_Eoninformation,accordingtoTheTelegraph.MoDofficialsdecided"itwouldbebettertopublishtheserecords,ratherthancontinue（4）_CdocumentstotheNationalArchives."theRAFspokespersonsaid.TheU.K.'s（5）_GwithUFOsbeganaround1950,urgingtheMoDtoformtheFlyingSaucerWorkingPartyto（6）_Dthephenomenon.AccordingtotheUK,NationalArchives,UFOsintheearly1950sevencapturedtheattentionofPrimeMinisterWinstonChurchill,whosentamemotohisairministerin1952（7）I."Whatdoesallthisstuffaboutflyingsaucersamountto?Whatcanitmean?Whatisthetruth？"TheflyingsaucergroupconcludedthatUFOsweredelusions（错觉）or（8）Kobjects,recommending"thatnofurtherinvestigationofreportedmysteriousphenomenonintheairbe（9）J."Nevertheless,otherMoDdivisionscontinuedtheworkofofficialUFOinvestigationintheU.K.AfterMoDenactedapolicychangeonDec.1st,2009,theagencynolongerrecordedorinvestigatedanyUFO（10）_H,accordingtothereport.Butwhattheydidfind-includingmanyrecentUFOreportsthatwerepreviouslyavailableonlyashardcopies-willbepublishedonlinewithinthenestfewmonths.saidNickPope．aformerUFOinvestigatorfortheMoD．A．releasedB．eventuallyC．deliveringD．addressE．actF．formerlyG．fascinationH．sightingI．inquiringJ．undertakenK．misidentifiedReadingComprehensionSectionADirections：ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA，B，CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.．(★★★)Anartificialintelligencecanaccuratelytranslatethoughtsintosentences，atleastforalimitedvocabularyof250words．Thesystemmaybringusastepcloserto(1)_Cspeechtopeoplewhohavelosttheability.JosephMakinattheUniversityofCalifornia，SanFrancisco，andhiscolleaguesuseddeeplearningalgorithms(算法)tostudythebrain(2)_Boffourwomenastheyspoke.Thewomen，whoallsufferfromacertainkindofbraindisorder，alreadyhadelectrodesattachedtotheirbrainstomonitordiseaseattacks.Eachwomanwasaskedtoreadaloudfromasetofsentencesastheteam(3)Cbrainactivity.Thelargestgroupofsentences(4)_A250uniquewords.Theteamfedthisbrainactivitytoanetworkalgorithmrelatedtonerves，trainingitto⑸_Bregularlyoccurringpatternsthatcouldbelinkedtorepeatedaspectsofspeech.Thesepatternswerethenfedtoasecondnetwork，whichtriedtoturnthemintowordsto(6)_Basentence.Eachwomanrepeatedthesentencesatleasttwice，andthefinalrepetitiondidn'tformpartofthetrainingdata,(7)_Atheresearcherstotestthesystem.Eachtimeapersonspeaksthesamesentence，thebrainactivityassociatedwillbesimilarbutnotexactlythesane."Memorizingthebrainactivityofthesesentenceswouldn'thelp,(8)_Bthenetworkinsteadhastolearnwhat'ssimilaraboutthemsothatitcangeneralizetothisfinalexample，"saysMakin.Acrossthefourwomen，theAI'sbestperformancewasanaveragetranslationerrorrateof3percent.Makinsaysthatusingasmallnumberofsentencesmadeit⑼_CfortheAItolearnwhichwordstendtofollowothers.Forexample，theAIwasableto(10)_Cthattheword"Bear"wasalwayslikelytofollowtheword"Teddy"inacertainsetofsentences，frombrainactivityalone.Theteamtriedtransformingthebrainsignaldatainto(11)_Awordsatatime,ratherthanwholesentences,butthis(12)_Atheerrorrateto38percentevenforthebestperformance."Sothenetworkclearlyislearningfactsaboutwhichwordsgotogether,andnotjustwhichbrainactivity(13)_Cwithwhichwords,"saysMakin.Thiswillmakeithardtoscaleupthesystemtoa/an(14)_Dvocabularybecauseeachnewwordincreasesthenumberofpossiblesentences,reducing(15)C.SophieScottatUniversityCollegeLondonsayswearealongwayfrombeingabletotranslatebrainsignaldatacomprehensively.

（1）A.assigningB.conveyingC.restoringD.introducing（2）A.systemsB.signalsC.signaturesD.symbols（3）A.illuminatedB.discoveredC.measuredD.stopped（4）A.consistedofB.adjustedtoC.agreedwithD.focusedon（5）A.simplifyB.identifyC.intensifyD.justify（6）A.understandB.formC.describeD.judge（7）A.allowingB.inspiringC.instructingD.advising（8）A.becauseB.soC.ifD.but（9）A.quickerB.slowerC.easierD.tougher（10）A.splitB.reflectC.decodeD.tear（11）AindividualB.commonC.modifiedD.technical（12）A.increasedB.decreasedC.leveledD.degraded（13）A.furnishedB.mixedC.associatedD.armed（14）ApassiveB.activeC.limitedD.expanded（15）A.tendencyB.currencyC.accuracyD.fluencySectionBDirections：Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyourhavejustread.（A）.（★★★）HaveyoueverheardofNollywood?NollywoodisthenameoftheNigerian（尼日利亚的）filmindustry：Nigeriaisoneofthelargestfilmindustriesintheworldbasedonthequantityoffilmsproduced，placingthemrightbelowIndia'sBollywoodandaboveUSA'sHollwood!Borninaround1992.Nollywoodistheyoungestcomparedwiththeothertwo"woods"，andusesnewformsoffinancingandproduction，Nowit'sinadulthood，andbiggerproductionshavebecomemoreregular.However，thiswasnotalwaysthecase.AlthoughmovietheaterswererareinNigeriaduringearlierperiod，originalstorieswerenot.Despitelackoffundsandexperience，self-madedirectorsbegantousecommercialvideocamerastoshoottheirmoviesandsoldthemforhomeviewing．Eventhoughthisresultedinmovieswithlowproductionvalue，theoriginalstoriesinstantlymadethemahit．Today，thefilmindustryisthelargestemployerafteragricultureandmakesup5%ofNigeria'sGDP．Nigeriaisabigplayerintheindustryanditisconstantlyimprovingitscraft，takingonnewchallenges．Nollywoodisknownmainlyforitscomediesanddramas，butweareincreasinglyseeinghorrormoviesandmusicals．Althoughsometimesheavilycriticizedforlowproductionvalues．Nollywoodcontinuestogrowfansworldwide．Nigerianmoviesnowmakeup11%ofNigeria'snon-oilexports!Theaveragemovieisproducedin7T0daysonabudgetbetween£7,000-12,000（Hollywood'saverageisaround£60millionpermoviewithoneyearproductiontime）．Thisischanging,however,asmorefilmmakersarereceivingpropertrainingandareaimingtomakefilmsuptotheinternationalstandard．（1）WhatistheadvantageofNollywood?_BA．Commercialsupport．B．Originalstories．C．Dominantcomedies．D．Fastproduction．（2）Whichofthefollowingstatementsabout"woods"isNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?_CA．Bollywoodproducesmorefilmsthantheothertwo"woods"．B．Nollywoodisknownastheyoungestamongthethree"woods"．C．Hollywood'sbudgetforanaveragemovieismuchlessthanNollywood's．D．IttakesmuchlesstimetoproduceaNollywoodfilmthanaHollywoodone．（3）Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_D.A．Nollywood'scontributiontoNigera'sGDPissecondonlytoagricultureNollywoodmakesfewercomediesanddramasthanhorrormoviesandmusicalsmoviesmadebyNollywoodoccupymorethan11%ofNigeria'sexportindustrymorefilmmakersinNollywoodareattemptingtoimprovethequalityofitsfilms（4）Thepassagemainlytalksabout_D.filmsworthenjoyinginNigeria.majordifferencesamongthe"woods".promisingfutureofNollywood.featuresandchangesofNollywood.18.（★★★）Here'sthebadnews：Menarehurting,and,accordingtomanyresearchers,masculinity（男子气）iswhatishurtingthemandmakingithardforthemtomaintainfriendships.Societytellsmentohidetheirfeelingsandexpectsthemtobeaggressive,somanymenlosetheirfriendshipwhengrowingup.Thegoodnewsisthatthoseskillscanberecovered!Therearealotofexpertswhocanhelp.andhere'swhattheyrecommend：1.Acceptyourowndesireandnormalizeitforthepeopleinyourlife.Way,anexpert,recommendssharingarticlesaboutmasculinityandfriendshipsothatyoucanstarttheseconversations!Concentrateonthemanddon'tforgetyouhavetheentireInternetatyourfingertips，friend!2．Modelvulnerability．Saythethingthatfrightensorworriesyou，like"I'mafraidnobodywillgotomyparty，"or"Imissmygrandmaeveryday．"Doingsowillmakeiteasierforotherpeopletofollowyourlead．Weareallontheelevatortoasocietywhereemotionalavailabilityisnormalized，andIwantyoutopress"dooropen"．3．Askmorequestions．Peoplesometimesfeeltheymightbeprying（爱打听的）iftheyasksomeoneaboutthemselves-especiallywhentheirfriendissharingsomethingtough．Butifyougetcuriousinmomentsofvulnerabilityyouwillopenthedoortoallkindsofgrowthinyourrelationship．Taketheopportunitytoreallyseeyourfriendandshowthemtheymatterbyfollowingup．4．Getclosewiththechildreninyourlife．Way'sresearchsaysthatthetopprioritythathelpschildren（especiallyboys）growuptohaveenrichingfriendshipsistobeclosewithanadultrelativewhowasnotafraidtoexpressemotions．So，ifyouareafather，stepfather，orthinkingaboutbecomingone，orifyouhaveniecesornephews，taketheopportunitytobeclosetothemandhelpthemgrowuptobegoodfriends，too．（1）Whatisthecommonconceptofbeingaman?_CA.Tohavenofriendsatall.B.Tomaintainfriendships.C.Nottoshowtruefeelings.D.Nottohurtothersaggressively⑵WhichisNOTrecommendedaccordingtothepassage?_CA．Amanshouldshowhisvulnerabilityinfrontofhisfellows．B．Amanshouldacceptandnormalizepeople'sdesireinhislife．C．Amanshouldtaketheopportunitytobeclosetochildrelatives．D．Amanshouldshowhisfriendstheymatterbyaskingquestions．（3）Whatmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?_AA．WaystoHelpMenHaveFriendship．B．HowtoExpressTrueFeelings．C．WaystoBecomeaTrueMan．D．HowtoBeBravetoHaveFriends．.（★★★）Nostudentofaforeignlanguageneedstobetoldthatgrammariscomplex.Bychangingtheorderofthewordsandbyaddingarangeofauxiliaryverbs（助动词），weareabletocommunicatevariationsinmeaning.Wecanturnastatementintoaquestion，statewhetheranactionhastakenplaceorissoontotakeplace，andperformotherwordtrickstoconveydelicatedifferencesinmeaning.Besides，grammarisuniversalandplaysapartineverylanguage，nomatterhowwidespreaditis.Sothequestionwhichhasconfusedmanylinguistsiswhocreatedgrammar？Atfirst，thisquestionwouldappearimpossibletoanswer.Tofindouthowgrammariscreated，someoneneedstobepresentatthetimeofalanguage'screation，documentingitsemergence．Somelinguistsareabletotracemoderncomplexlanguagesbacktoearlierlanguages，buttoknowtheformingofcomplexlanguages,theresearcherneedstoobservehowlanguagesarestarted「fromseratc].Amazingly,however,thisispossible.SomerecentlanguagesevolvedduetotheAtlanticslavetrade．Atthattime,slavesfromdifferentnationswereforcedtoworktogether.Sincetheycouldnotlearneachother'slanguages,theydevelopedapidgin.Pidginsarestringsofwordscopiedfromthelanguageofthelandowners.Littlegrammarisfoundinthem,andinmanycasesitisdifficultoralistenertoinferwhenaneventhappened,andwhodidwhattowhom.Speakersneedtousecircumlocution（迁回曲折的说法）inordertomakethemselvesunderstood.Interestingly,however,allittakesforapidgintobecomeacomplexlanguageisforagroupofchildrentobeexposedtoit.Slavechildrendidnotsimplycopywordsfromtheirelders,theyadaptedthemtocreatealanguage.Itincludednewwordordersandgrammaticalmarkers.Complexgrammarsystemsmergingfrompidginsaretermedcreoles,whichareinventedbychildren.Somelinguistsbelievethatmanyoftheworld'smostestablishedlanguageswerecreolesatfirst.TheedendinginEnglishpasttensemayhaveevolvedfrom"did","Itended",whichwasfirstusedbykids,mayoncehavebeen"Itend-did".Therefore,itwouldappearthateventhemostwidespreadlanguageswerepartlycreatedbychildren.Childrenappeartohavebeenbornwithgrammaticalmachineryintheirbrains.whichcanservetocreatelogical,complexstructures,evenwhenthereisnogrammarpresentforthemtocopy.（1）Whatdoesparagraph1mainlytellus?_CLanguagelearnersknowthatgrammarisofcomplexity.Onecaldoalotwithhisgoodcommandofgrammar.Grammarisbothcomplexanduniversalinlanguages.Linguistsfaceaquestionincreatingconfusinggrammars.⑵Theunderlinedexpression"fromseratch]"inparagraph2isclosestinmeaningto_Afromtheverybeginninginancientculturesbycopyingsomethingelsebyusingwritteninformation（3）Whatcanbeinferredabouttheslaves'pidginlanguage?—DItcontainedacomplexgrammarsystem.Itwasfirstcreatedbytheslaves'landowners.Itwasbasedonalotofdifferentlanguages.Itwasdifficulttounderstand,evenamongslaves.（4）Whatcanbeconcludedfromthelastparagraph?_BTheEnglishpasttensesystemisinaccurate.Englishwasprobablyonceakindofcreole.LinguistshaveproventhatEnglishwascreatedbychildren.D．ChildrenuseEnglishpasttensesdifferentlyfromadults．SectionCDirections：Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesinthebox.Eachsentencecanonlybeusedonce.Notethattherearetwosentencesmorethanyouneed.．（★★★）Aperiodofimportantagriculturaldevelopmentbeganintheearly1700sinGreatBritainandtheLowCountries（Belgium，Luxembourg，andtheNetherlands,whichliebelowsealevel）.（1）_FOneofthemostimportantofthesedevelopmentswasanimprovedhorse-drawnseeddrillinventedbyJethroTullinEngland.Untilthattime.farmerssowedseedsbyhand.Tull'sdrillmaderowsofholesfortheseeds.Bytheendofthe18thcentury,seeddrillingwaswidelypracticedinEurope.ManyothermachinesweredevelopedintheUnitedStates.（2）_DAtaboutthesametime,JohnandHiramPittsintroducedahorse-poweredthresher（脱粒机）thatshortenedtheprocessofseparatinggrainandseedfromstraw.JohnDeere'ssteelplow（犁）,introducedin1837,madeitpossibletoworkthetoughsoilwithmuchlesshorsepower.Alongwithnewmachines.therewereseveralimportantadvancesinselectivefarming.Byselectivelybreedinganimals（breedingthosewithdesirabletraits）,farmersincreasedthesizeandproductivityoftheirlivestock.Plantscouldalsobeselectivelybredforcertainqualities.In1866,GregorMendel'sstudiesinheredity（遗传）werepublishedinAustria.（3）_CHisworkpavedthewayforimprovingcropsthroughgenetics.Newcropplantingmethodsalsoevolvedduringthistime.ManyofthesewereadoptedoverthenextcenturyorsothroughoutEurope.Forexample.theNorfolkfour-fieldsystem,developedinEngland,provedquitesuccessful.Itinvolvedtheyearlyrotation（轮作）ofseveralcrops,includingwheat,turnips,barley,clover,andryegrass.（4）_AMoreover,thismethodenabledfarmerstogrowenoughtosellsomeoftheirharvestwithouthavingtoleaveanylandunplanted.Notallpartsoftheworldbenefitedfromthesedevelopmentsinstantly,however,FarmersinotherpartssuchasAustraliaandAfricacontinuedtouseoldwaysofagricultureforalongtime.Thiscouldadddesirednutrientstothesoilthankstotherichvarietyofcrops.Overcenturies,thegrowthofagriculturecontributedtotheriseofcivilizations.Inexperimentswithpeaplants,helearnedhowtraitswerepassedfromonegenerationtoanother.Inthe1830sCyrusMcCormick'sharvestingmachinehelpedmodernizethegraincuttingprocess.Thishelpedtoproduceextrafoodtotradeforothergoodsandallowedpeopletoworkatothertasks.NewagriculturalinventionsdramaticallyincreasedfoodproductioninEuropeandEuropeancolonies．SummaryWriting.(★★)Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words．Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Now，itmayseemstrangetolearnfromsomeonewhowritesaboutprettydresses