人体解剖 运动系统 骨学

人体解剖词汇运动系统(LocomotorSystem)骨学(Osteology)osteology 骨学bone,bony骨skeleton,skletal(a.) 骨骼long(short,flat)bone 长(短，扁)骨irregularbone 不规则骨pneumaticbone含气骨sesamoidbone 籽骨，shaft，diaphysis 骨干，骨体bony(osseous)substance 骨质compact(spongy)bone 骨密(松)质trabeculae 骨小梁periosteum (外)膜endosteum 骨内膜medullary*或#髓腔red(yellow)bonemarrow 红(黄)骨髓中轴骨骼(AxialSkeleton)躯干骨(BonesofTrunk)Vertebral(spinel)column脊柱vertebralcanal 椎管intervertebralforamen 椎间孑L上（下）胸廓上下口上（下）胸廓上下口cervical(thoracic,lumbar,sacral)curvature 颈(胸，腰，骶)曲vertebra(pl.vertebrae)椎骨vertebralbody(arch) 椎体(弓)pedicleofvertebralarch 椎弓根laminaofvertebralarch 椎弓板vertebralforamen 椎孑匕spinousprocess棘突transverseprocess 横突superior(inferior)articularprocess关节突cervicalvertebrae颈椎atlas寰椎axis枢椎 - >prominentvertebrae嚎&隆椎thoracicvertebrae胸椎lumbarvertebrae腰椎sacrum,sacralbone骶骨coccyx尾骨thoraciccavity 胸月空superior(inferior)apertureofthoraxcostalarch肋弓intercostalsspace 肋间隙infrasternalangle 胸骨下角ribs,costa(costae)肋sternum胸骨Sternalmanubrium胸骨柄Sternalangle(body)胸骨角(体)Xiphoidprocess佥|突颅骨(skull)cerebralcranium脑颅cranialcavity颅腔TOC\o"1-5"\h\zcalvaria颅盖 入、pterion翼点 \\jugularforamen颈静脉孔 dinternalsurfaceofbaseofskull颅底内面anterior(middle,posterior)cranialfossa颅前中，后)窝facialcranium面颅orbit眶bonynasalcavity骨性鼻腔piriformaperture,anteriornasalaperture梨状孔，鼻前孔posteriornasalaperture鼻后孑Lbonyseptumofnose骨鼻中隔superior(middle,inferior)meatusofnose上(中，下)鼻道temporalfossa颞窝zugomaticarch颧弓infratemporalfossa颞下窝pterygopalatinefossa翼腭窝cranialfontaelles颅囟anterior(posterior)fontanelle前(后)囟anterolateral(posterolateral)fontanelle前(后)外侧囟cranialbones 脑颅骨occipitalbone 枕骨largeforamenofoccipitalbone 枕骨大孑Lexternaloccipitalprotuberance枕外隆凸 \\superior(inferior)nuchalline上(下)项线sulcusfortransversesinus,transversesulcus横窦沟sphenoidbone蝶骨hypophysealfossa垂体窝opticcanal视神经管round(oval,spinous)foramen圆(卵圆，棘)孑1temporalbone颞骨petrouspart岩部mastoidprocess孚匕突carotidcanal颈动脉管tympanictegmen鼓室盖arcuateeminence弓状隆起trigeminalimpression三叉神经压迹internalacousticpore(port)内耳门internalacousticmeatus(canal)内耳道jugularfossa 颈静脉窝styloidprocess茎突stylomastoidforamen 茎乳孑Lfacialcanal面神经管externalacousticpore(canal)夕卜耳门(道)parietal,parietalbone顶骨parietaltuber(foramen)顶结节(孔)frontalbone额骨 xrj%frontalsquama(tuber)额鳞(结节)superciliaryarch眉弓supraorbitalnotch(foramen)眶上切迹fossaforlacrimalgland泪腺窝ethmoidbone筛骨cribriformplate(foramen)筛板(孔)facialbones面颅骨inferiornasalconcha下鼻甲lacrimalbone泪骨nasalbone鼻骨vomer梨骨maxilla上颌骨palatinebone腭骨zygomaticbone颧骨mandible下颌骨ramous(angle)ofmandible下颌支(角)masseterictuberosity咬肌粗隆TOC\o"1-5"\h\zcoronoidprocess冠突 丁condylarprocess髁突 —hyoidbone舌骨附肢骨骼(Appendicularskeleton) \\shouldergirdle上肢带骨，肩带骨scapula肩胛骨 -acromion肩峰虹忠粼superior(medial,lateral)border上(下，夕卜侧)缘coracoidprocess喙突superior(inferior,lateral)angle上(下，夕卜侧)角glenoidcavity关节盂clavicle锁骨bonesoffreeupperlimb自由上肢骨*Humerus肱骨headofhumerus肱骨头anatomical(surgical)neck解剖(外科)颈greater(lesser)tubercle大(小)结节crestofgreater(lesser)tubercle大(小)结节嵴sulcus(groove)forradialn.桡神经沟deltoidtuberosity三角肌粗隆trochleaofhumerus肱骨滑车olecranon(coronoid,radial)fossa鹰嘴(冠突，桡)窝medial(lateral)epicondyle内(外)上髁sulcusforulnarnerve尺神经沟、*radius桡骨 七head(neck)ofradius桡骨头(颈)articularcircumference环状关节面radialtuberosity桡骨粗隆interosseousborder骨间缘styloidprocess茎突ulnalnotch尺切迹carpalarticularsurface腕关节面*uana尺骨olecranon鹰嘴coronoidprocess冠突ulnaltuberosity 尺骨粗隆trochleal(radial)notch滑车(桡)切迹headofulna尺骨头bonesofhand手骨carpalbones腕骨scaphoidbone 手舟骨lunatebone月骨triangularbone 三角骨pisiformbone 豌豆骨 \\trapeziumbone 大多角骨trapezoidbone小多角骨capitatebone 头状骨hamatebone—，钩骨hamulus(hook)ofhamatebone钩骨钩Metacarpalbones掌骨phalanges(bones)offingers指骨proximal(middle,distal)phalanx近(中， 远)指(或趾)骨下肢骨(Bonesoflowerlimb)pelvicgirdle 下肢带骨，盆带骨hipbone髋骨acetabulum髋臼acetabularfossa(notch)髋臼窝(切迹)obturatorforamen 闭孑LIlium骼骨body(ala)ofilium 骼骨体(翼)arcuateline弓状线iliaccrest骼嵴Tubercle骼结节Anteriorsuperior(inferior)iliacspine 骼前上(下)棘Posteriorsuperior(inferior)iliacspine骼后上(下)棘Iliacfossa骼窝 \\Auricularsurface耳状面Iliactuberosity骼粗隆.Ischium坐骨忌*VGreater(lesser)sciaticnotch 坐骨大(小)切迹Pubis耻骨Symphsialsurface耻骨联合面superior(inferior)ramusofpubis耻骨上下支ililopubiceminence骼耻隆起pectenofpubis耻骨梳bonesoffreelowerlimb自由下肢骨*femur股骨foveaoffemoralhead股骨头凹head(neck)offemur股骨头(颈)greater(lesser)trochanter大小转子intertrochantericline转子间线intertrochantericcrest转子间嵴lineaaspera,roughlineof