高考语法填空真题

近5年高考英语语法填空|真题精选10篇2016-04-12文章的材料是一篇200词左右的短文或对话。难度适中，符合高中中等学生的阅读水平。有10个试题数，分值15分。从考查内容来看，试题分为给提示词和不给提示词两种。给出提示词的包括：词形的转换（名词与动词的转换，形容词与副词的转换），形容词比较级与最高级的变化，名词单复数的变化，动词的时态、语态及词形的变化等；不给出提示词的包括：根据上下文的语境填入冠词、连词、代词、副词或名词等。另外，给出的提示词较多（4〜7个），考查词形变化的考点偏多。未给出提示词的空处有填实词的考点，每空只填写一个词，挖空一般比较均匀。Passage1 （2015?新课标全国I）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式Yangshuo,ChinaItwasraininglightlywhenI__1__(arrive)inYangshuojustbeforedawn.ButIdidn'tcare.Afewhours__2__ ,I'dbeenathomeinHongKong,with__3__(it)chokingsmog.Here ,theairwascleanandfreshevenwiththerain.I'dskippednearbyGuilin,adreamplacefortouristsseekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiver__4__arepicturedbyartistsinsomanyChinese__5__(painting).Instead ,I'dheadedstraightforYangshuo.ForthosewhoflytoGuilin ,it'sonlyanhouraway__6__carandoffersallthesceneryofthebetter —knowncity.Yangshuo__7__(be)reallybeautiful.Astudyoftravelers__8__(conduct)bythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuoasoneofthetop10destinationsintheworld.AndthetownisfastbecomingapopularweekenddestinationforpeopleinAsia.Abercrombie&KentatravelcompanyinHongKong,saysit__9__(regular)arrangesquickgetawayshereforpeople__10__(live)inShanghaiandHongKong.【语篇导读】桂林山水甲天下，阳朔风光甲桂林。作者讲述了从香港去阳朔旅游时的所见。1.解析：考查动词的时态。主句谓语动词使用了过去进行时，根据语境此处要用一般过去时态。答案arrived22.解析：考查副词的用法。由语境可知，几个小时之前我还在香港的家中，由此可知before/earlier符合旬意。答案before/earlier.解析：考查形容词性物主代词的用法。空格后面有名词 smog,故要使用形容词性物主代词。答案its.解析：考查定语从句关系代词的用法。由句子结构不难判断这是一个定语从句。先行词为指物的mountaintopsanddarkwaters,关系词在从句中作主语，因此答案为that/which。答案that/which.解析：考查名词的复数。“soman什复数名词”为一常用短语。答案paintings.解析：考查介词的固定用法。根据句意可知，这只是驱车一小时的路程。 “by+交通工具名词”为一固定短语。答案by.解析：考查主谓一致和动词时态。本段介绍阳朔的自然条件，属客观事实，要用一般现在时，由于主语是单数第三人称形式，因此答案为 is。答案is.解析：考查过去分词短语作后置定语的用法。 study与conduct之间为动宾关系，故用表示被动的过去分词形式。此外，by是解题的关键词，conductedby…意为油••…所做的”。答案conducted.解析：考查副词的用法。该词修饰谓语动词arrange,故要用其副词形式。答案regularly.解析：考查现在分词短语作后置定语的用法。由于live与其所修饰的名词people之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用表示主动意义的现在分词形式。答案livingPassage2 (2015?新课标全国H)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Theadobedwellings( 土坯房)__1__(build)bythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeven__2__mostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty ,whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheir__3__(able)tocondition“ahousewithout__4__(use)electricequipment.Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat__5__(slow)duringcoolnights ,thuswarmingthehouse.Whenanewdaybreaks,thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenough__6__(cool)thehouseduringthehotday :__7__thesametime,theywarmupagainforthenight.Thiscycle __8__(go)dayafterday:Thewallswarmupduringthedayandcooloffduringthenightandarethusalwaysatimelyoffset( 抵消)fortheoutsidetemperatures.As__9__(nature)architects ,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactly__10__thicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.【语篇导读】相比现代化的建筑，简陋的土坯房可谓丑陋不堪。但当代的建筑师却对其情有独钟。短文主要介绍了土坯房能够调节温度的原理。.解析：考查过去分词短语作后置定语。主语dwellings与动词build之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。又由by一词的暗示也可知用表示被动意义的过去分词。答案built.解析：考查定冠词的用法。空格之后为形容词的最高级形式，故填定冠词。答案the.解析：考查形容词与名词的转换。形容词性物主代词 their之后应当用名词,故将able转化为其名词形式。答案ability.解析：考查介词的用法。介词without之后的动词要用动名词形式。答案using.解析：考查副词的用法。由土坯制成的墙壁在炎热的白天吸收太阳的热量并在凉爽的夜间慢慢将热量释放出来。修饰谓语动词 giveout,因此要用副词形式。答案slowly.解析：考查固定句式的用法。 形容词+enough+动词不定式”为一常用句式，答案tocool.解析：考查固定短语的用法。atthesametime意为‘同时”，是一个常用介词短语。答案at.解析：考查动词的时态。这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了土坯房冬暖夏凉的原理，故用一般现在时态。答案goes.解析：考查形容词的用法。修饰名词 architects,故要用形容词形式。答案natural.解析：考查宾语从句的连接词用法。分析句子结构可知，这是一个宾语从句。根据形容词thick及结构可知这里的意思是印第安人要算出土坯墙的确切厚度。所以答案为howo答案howPassage3 (2015?福建)阅读下面短文，根据以下提示：1)汉语提示，2)首字母提示，3)语境提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词，所填单词要求意义准确，拼写正确。Sometimeswehavedisagreementswithpeople.Whenthis(1)h ,theimportantthingistotrynottoletacalmdiscussionturnintoaheatedargument.Here(2)mytipsforyou.The(3)fthingIwouldsayisthatthewayyoubegintheconversationisveryimportant.Imagineyouareastudentandyoushareaflat(4) anotherstudentwhoyouthinkisn'tdoinghershareofthehousework.Ifyousay,Look,youneverdoyourshareofthehousework.(5) are

yougoingtodoaboutitthediscussionwillverysoonturnintoyougoingtodoaboutitanargument.It'smuchmore(6)(有帮助)tosaysomethinglike,thinkwehad⑺bhaveanotherlookabouthowwedivideupthehousework.Maybethereisabetterwayofdealingwithit.Mysecondpieceof(8)aissimple.Ifyou'rethepersonwhoisinthewrong,justadmitit!Thisistheeasiestandbestwaytoavoidanargument.Justmakean(9) (道歉)，andmoveon.Theotherpersonwillhavemorerespectforyou(10) thefutureifyoudothat.答案：1.happens 2.are 3.first 4.with5.What6.helpful/beneficial7.better8.advice9.apology10.inPassage4 (2015?湖南)Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyfillingineachblankwithonewordthatbestfitsthecontext.Researchhasbecomebothsimplerandmorecomplex.It'ssimplerbecause, __1__youhaveacomputer,youcanfindinformationyouneedbysearchingtheInternet.Forallyourinformation,youdon'thavetogoto__2__librarytofindtherelevantresourceandtakenotesonit.Instead,youcanfindsomesourcesfromtheInternet__3__printthecopiesneeded.Remember,however,thatyoushouldusuallyconsultdifferenttypesofsources.Thatis,you__4__alwaysrelyjustontheInternetforyourresearch.Whilefindinginformationiseasierthanever,atthesametime,researchinghasbecome__5__complex.Thereisalotmorematerialavailable,whichmeansyoumaybeoverwhelmed__6__theamountofinformation.Youneedtolearn__7__tosortthroughandfindtherelevantinformationforyourparticularproject.Also,__8__needtochecktheaccuracyofit.【语篇导读】随着电脑和因特网的出现，研究变得既简单又复杂。一方面，我们不必像以往一样在书中搜索资料，这为我们提供了极大的方便；另一方面，网络中众多的资料良莠不齐，选择准确的信息使我们的工作变得愈加复杂。.解析：考查状语从句。根据句意，如果你有了电脑，你可以通过上网获得所需的信息。答案if.解析：考查冠词。gotothelibrary去图书馆；inthelibrary在图书馆。答案the.解析：考查连词。and连接并列谓语find和print。答案and.解析：考查情态动词。根据上文你应该(should)查阅不同的资料。答案shouldn't.解析：考查形容词比较级。参见上文第一句 morecomplex答案答案more.解析：考查介词。beoverwhelmedwith面临，陷入。答案with.解析：考查疑问词。根据句意，你需要学习如何分类并找到特定任务的相关信息。howtodo 是含有疑问词的不定式，在此处作宾语。答案how.解析：考查代词。参见上文Youneedtolearnhowtosortthroug…答案youPassage5 (2014?新课标全国I)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式Areyoufacingasituationthatlooksimpossibletofix?In1969 ,thepollutionwasterriblealongtheCuyahogaRivernearCleveland,Ohio.It__1__(be)unimaginablethatitcouldeverbecleanedup.Theriverwassopollutedthatit__2__(actual)caughtfireandburned.Now,yearslater,thisriverisoneof__3__mostoutstandingexamplesofenvironmentalcleanup.Buttheriverwasn'tchangedinafewdays__4__evenafewmonths.Ittookyearsofwork__5__(reduce)theindustrialpollutionandcleanthewater.Finally,thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewaterintheriveris__6__(clean)thanever.Maybeyouarefacinganimpossiblesituation.Maybeyouhaveahabit__7__isdrivingyourfamilycrazy.Possiblyyoudrinktoomuchordon'tknowhowtocontrolyourcreditcarduse.Whenyoufacesuchanimpossiblesituation,don'tyouwantaquickfixandsomethingtochangeimmediately?Whilethereare__8__(amaze)storiesofinstanttransformation ,formostofusthe __9__(change)aregradualandrequirealotofeffortandwork,likecleaningupapollutedriver.Justbe__10__(patience).答案解析：.解析：文章讲的是1969年的事情，故用过去时。答案was.解析：修饰动词caught,用副词actually实际上”。答案actually.解析：mostoutstanding 是最高级，前面需要加the。答案the.解析：河流不是几天或者几个月里就改变了的，这里两个时间是选择关系，故用oro答案or.解析：这里考查固定句型：Ittakessometimetodosth 做某事花费多长“时间”。故应填不定式toreduce。答案toreduce.解析：根据下文than知用形容词的比较级。

答案cleaner.解析：habit是先行词，故用that/which 引导定语从句。答案that/which.解析：是吟人吃惊的”，用形容词修饰名词stories,而amazed指火感到吃惊的”，用来修饰人。答案amazing.解析：根据句子的谓语“are可知主语应为复数。答案changes.解析：根据空格前系动词“b斯知这里应为形容词。答案patientPassage6 (2014?广东)阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求， 在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Lastyear,mybrotherandIwenttoMiamiforavacation.Someofmyfriendswhohadbeentherebeforesaid__1__wasawonderfulholidaydestination.Beforewewent,wehadplannedformonths.Whenthedaycame,wewereready.Afterourplanelanded,wewenttothehotel.Wehadmadeourreservationsixmonths__2__(early) ,butthemanatthefrontdesksaidtherehadbeenamistake.We__3__(tell)thatourroomshadn'tbeenreservedforthatweek4fortheweekafter.Ididn'tbeenreservedforthatweek4fortheweekafter.Ididn'tunderstand__5__thiswouldhappenandmycreditcardhadalreadybeencharged__6__thereservation.What'sworse,thehotelhadbeenfullybooked.Whenwewerewonderingwhattodo ,themanagercameout.Shewas__7__(surprise)helpful.SheapologizedforthemistakeandgaveusaspareVIProomon__8__topfloor.Wehadneverstayedinsuchanamazingroom,andweweren'tchargedextra.Thenextday,mybrotherandIwenttothebeach__9__wewatchedsomepeopleplayvolleyball.Wegotalittle__10__(sunburn) ,butthedayhadbeensorelaxingthatwedidn'tmind.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文，记述了我和我兄弟去 Miami(迈阿密)旅游，当到达目的地后，来到六个月前订的宾馆，却意外被告知订的房间是下个星期的， 且该宾馆房间已订满。正当不知如何办时，经理出来了，将他们安排在留出来的 VIP房间,且不另外收他们的钱，真是喜出望外的事。.解析：在said后的宾语从句中缺主语，应填代词；指代前句中的Miami这个地方，应用it。答案it.解析：在句中作状语，依然用副词；不变词性，因为是较早的做的事，所以用比较级。答案earlier.解析：由句意可知，是我们被告知”，由上下文的时态可知，用一般过去时的被动语态。答案答案weretold.解析：根据上下句意，意为不是为那个星期订的，而是为后一个星期所订的”为not…but…结构。答案but.解析：意为‘我不知道为什么会发生这样的事”，故用why引导宾语从句。答案why.解析：charge…for…是习惯搭配。答案for.解析：因本句已有作表语的形容词 helpful,所以应当用副词来修饰形容词helpful,指吟人惊讶地，意外地”，故填surprisingly。答案surprisingly.解析：特指在顶楼”。答案the.解析：先行词是地点thebeach,且在定语从句中作状语，故填where(=onwhich=andonthebeach=andthere)。答案where.解析：在表示变化”的got后作表语，要用形容词；sunburn是名词，其形容词形式是burnt或burned。答案sunburnt/sunburnedPassage7 （2014?福建）阅读下面短文，根据以下提示：1)汉语提示，2)首字母提示，3)语境提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词，所填单词要求意义准确，拼写正确。Manyofuswereraisedwiththesaying ,wantnot.Waste'noNoneofus,(1)h,cancompletelyavoidwasteinourlives.Anykindofwasteisthoughtless.Whetherwewasteourpotentialtalents,ourowntime,ourlimitednatural(2)(资源),ourmoney,orotherpeople'stime,eachofuscanbecomemoreawareandcareful.Thesmallestgoodhabitscanmakeabig(3)d.It'sagoodfeelingtoknowinourheartswearedoingour(4)b inaworldthatisinserioustrouble.Byfocusingon(5)( 节省)oil,water,paper,food,andclothing,weareplayingapart(6)cuttingdownonwaste.Wemustkeepreminding(7)(自己)thatitiseasiertogetintosomething(8)itistogetoutofit.Actually,severedamage(9)dtoourlandisfairlyrecentinthehistoryofourevolution.It'stimeforusto(10)notowastesothatourgrandchildren'schildrenwillbeabletodevelopwell.Wecan'tsolvealltheproblemsofwaste,butwecanencouragemindfulness.Wastenot!答案解析：.解析：句意：然而，在我们的生活中，没有人能完全避免浪费。位于句中，前后都有逗号，用副词，所以填however。答案答案however.解析：作waste的宾语，故用名词形式，且用名词复数。答案resources.解析：句意：最小的好习惯也会起作用。 makeadifference 是固定用法，意思是有影响，起作用。答案difference.解析：doone'sbest是固定用法，意思是尽某人最大的努力。答案best.解析：介词on之后用动词的一ing形式。答案saving.解析：playapartin是固定用法，意思是在••…中起作用”。答案in.解析：句意：我们必须不断地提醒我们自己，所以填反身代词 ourselves。答案ourselves.解析：这里进行比较，所以用比较句式，故填than。答案than.解析：产重危害”和作用于”之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。答案done.解析：句意：是时候对浪费”说不了。Itistimeforsbtodosth是固定用法，意思是是时候做某事了。”答案sayPassage8 （2014?湖南）Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyfillingineachblankwithonewordthatbestfitsthecontext.Wecanchooseourfriends,butusuallywecannotchooseourneighbors.However,togetahappyhomelife,wehavetogetalongwith __1__aswellaspossible.Animportantqualityinaneighborisconsiderationfor __2__.Peopleshouldnotdothings __3__willdisturbtheirneighborsunnecessarily.Forexample,televisionsetsneednotbeplayedatfullvolume（音量）__4__loudpopmusicshouldnotbeplayedverylateatnight.Byavoidingthingslikelytoupsetyourneighbors ,youcanenjoy __5__friendlyrelationshipwiththem.Anequallyimportantqualityistolerance.Neighborsshoulddoalltheycantoavoiddisturbingotherpeople ,__6__therearetimeswhensomelevelofdisturbanceisunavoidable.__7__ neighborswanttogetalongwellwitheachother,theyhavetoshowtheirtolerance.Inthisway,everyonewilllive __8__peace.【语篇导读】我们可以选择朋友，却无法选择邻居；因此处理好邻里关系至关重要。该篇文章主要说明如何处理好邻里关系。.解析：根据句式结构此处缺少getalongwith的宾语，根据上下文句意所填词汇应是前文提到的neighbors,故用代词them。答案them.解析：根据句式结构此处缺少介词for的宾语，应填名词或代词，根据下文意思可以总结出好邻居的重要品质是为他人着想”，故填others。答案others.解析：分析结构可知此句中需要填的是定语从句的引导词，先行词是things指物，在从句中做主语，故用that/which。答案that/which.解析：此处缺少连词，根据句意可知上下文是并列加顺延的关系，故用and(答案and.解析：此处考查冠词。relationship 此处作可数名词，且第一次出现，用ac答案a.解析：此处缺少连词。根据语境： 邻居们应该尽其所能避免打搅别人，但有时一些搅扰是不可避免的此处上下文是转折关系，故用buto答案but.解析：此处缺少连词。根据句意：如果邻居们想要和睦相处他们应互相忍让。”所填词汇应能引导条件状语或时间状语从句，故用 If或Wheno答案If/When.解析：此处考查固定短语的介词搭配。根据句意，这样，大家都能和平共处，故用in,"inpeace”和平地。答案in

Passage9 (2013?广东)阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求， 在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Oneday,Nickinvitedhisfriendstosupper.Hewascookingsomedeliciousfoodinthekitchen.Suddenly,he__1__(find)thathehadrunoutofsalt.SoNickcalledtohisson,“Gotothevillageandbuysomesalt,butpayafairpriceforit:neithertoomuch__2__toolittle.Hissonlookedsurprised. “IcanunderstandwhyIshouldn'tpaytoomuch,Father,butifIcanpayless,__3__notsaveabitofmoney ?”“Thatwouldbeavery__4__(reason)thingtodoinabigcity ,butitcoulddestroyasmallvillagelikeours,“Nicksaid.Nick'sguests,__5__hadheardtheirconversation ,askedwhytheyshouldnotbuysaltmorecheaplyiftheycould.Nickreplied ,“Theonlyreasonamanwouldsellsalt__6__alowerpricewouldbebecausehewasdesperateformoney.Andanyonewhotookadvantageofthatsituationwouldbeshowingalackofrespect__7__thesweatandstruggleofthemanwhoworkedveryhardtoproduceit.“Butsuchasmallthingcouldn't__8__(possible)destroyavillage.“Inthebeginning,therewasonly__9__ verysmallamountofunfairnessintheworld,buteveryoneaddedalittle,alwaysunfairnessintheworld,buteveryoneaddedalittle,alwaysandand__10__(think)thatitwasonlysmallandnotveryimportantlookwherewehaveendeduptoday.【语篇导读】本文通过Nick叫儿子去买盐要给合理价格的故事说明，一定要公平对待他人，尊重努力工作的人的汗水和努力。.解析：动词时态。在主格人称代词he后应为谓语动词，由语境可知用一般过去时。答案found.解析：并列连词。nor构成并列连词neither…nor。答案nor.解析：连接副词。whynotdosth（ 何不做某事）？是固定句式。答案why.解析：词类转换。在名词前作定语要用形容词。答案reasonable.解析：非限制性定语从句。引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语，先行词是人，故填who。答案who.解析：介词。因名词alowprice在句中不作主语、动词的宾语，应为介词的宾语；根据习惯搭配，用介词at。答案at.解析：介词。showrespectfor 表示尊重。答案for.解析：副词。修饰谓语动词作状语，用副词。答案possibly.解析：不定冠词。asmallamountof(