高级综合商务英语unit 4课件

UnitFourInformationTechnology1UnitFour1Lead-inTextA:SiliconValleyVisionaryWhoPutAppleonTopTextB:NokiaattheCrossroads:BlazingPlatforms2Lead-in2Lead-in3Lead-in3Lead-inAreyouusingasmartphone,suchastheiPhoneortheSamsungGalaxy?Whatapplicationsdoyouusemostoften?Doyouthinktheusingofsmartphonehaschangedyourlifestyle?4Lead-inAreyouusingasmartpLead-inDiscussion:Whataretheprosandconsofusingsmartphones?5Lead-inDiscussion:5TextASiliconValleyVisionaryWhoPutAppleonTop6TextA6StructuralAnalysisPara.MainTopicsPara.1-3AbriefintroductionofthecomingbackofSteveJobsafterhistemporaryleaveofthecompanybecauseoftheillness.Para.4-12AnexplorationoftheartofSteveJobstoturntechnologyintoelegantconsumingproductsandthesuccessAppleisenjoyingnow.Para.13-16AbriefrecallofSteve’searlylifeandhisupsanddownsbeforereturningtoApplein1997.Para.17-28AdiscussionofthereasonsthatmakeSteveJobsandtheAppleadauntingsuccessforrivalstocompete.7StructuralAnalysisPara.MainPartI

QuestionsaboutPartIQ1.WhyhadthecomebackofSteveJobsstirredupsuchanexcitement?

ThiswasnotthefirsttimeofcomebackforhimtoApple.Littlemorethanadecadeearlier,hemadehisfirstcomebackandturnedApplefromgoingbankruptcytoanenormoussuccessfulcompany.Thereforehisrecoveryandcomebackwerehighlyanticipated.8PartIQuestionsaboutP

…bothMr.Jobs’careerandApple,…werewidelyconsideredwashedup,theirrelevancetothefutureoftechnologywrittenoffbothinSiliconValleyandonWallstreet.(Line4,Para.2)

Bothhiscareerandthecompanyhefoundedwerewidelyconsideredtohavecometoanend,andhewouldhavenothingtodowithhigh-techinthefutureintheeyesofsiliconvalleyentrepreneursandtheWallStreetinvestors.PartI

SentenceInterpretation9…bothMr.Jobs’careerand

thelevelofanticipationwhippedupinadvanceoftheJanuaryeventwasunusual….(Line1,Para.3)

Thelevelofexcitementforexpectinghisreturnwasextraordinary,whichhadalreadybecomeheatedbeforehesteppedontothestageinJanuary.PartI

SentenceInterpretation10thelevelofanticipationwcap(Line2,Para.1)v.lieatthetopof…example:Hecappedhisfriend’sstorywithanevenmoreexcitingone.Shecappedherragewhensheheardherhusband’scheatingonher.

PartI

WordsandExpressions11cap(Line2,Para.1)PartI

sideline(Line1,Para.2)

v.

removefromthecenterofactivityorattention使靠边，使降格，不重视example:Hewasunderpressuretoresignandwasabouttobe

sidelined..Whattheyfearisthatenvironmentpolicywillbe

sidelineduntilitistoolate.PartI

WordsandExpressions12sideline(Line1,Para.2)Partemaciated(line.2,para.2)

adj.extremelythinandweakbecauseofillnessorlackoffood骨瘦如柴的

example:...horrifictelevisionpicturesof

emaciated

prisoners.Theanimalshadlostweightnoticeably,becominglean,almost

emaciated.PartI

WordsandExpressions13emaciated(line.2,para.2)Parwashup(Line5,Para.2)

wearoutcompletely耗尽，结束example:Ihardlybelievethefactthattheirrelationshiphasbeenwashedup.PartI

WordsandExpressions14washup(Line5,Para.2)PartIwriteoff(Line6,Para.2)

todecidesomethingisunimportantoruselessandtheyarenotworthfurtherseriousattention

摒弃example:Heisfedupwithpeoplewritinghimoffbecauseofhisage.Hiscriticswritehimoffastoocautioustosucceed.PartI

WordsandExpressions15writeoff(Line6,Para.2)whipup(Line2,Para3)deliberatelycauseandencouragepeopletofeelacertainemotion煽动,激起example:…towhipupenthusiasmHeaccusedpoliticiansofwhippingupanti-foreignsentimentsinordertowinright-wingvotes.PartI

WordsandExpressions16whipup(Line2,Para3)PartIQ1.

Inmanycriticseyes,whatspecialtalentdidStevenJobshave(Para.4)?

HehastheabilitytoturntechnologiesintoperfectproductsandconvincepeopletobuyITgadgetsthattheyevenhavenoideatheyneeded.PartII

QuestionsaboutPartII17Q1.Inmanycriticseyes,wQ2.

HowdidApplenowruleitsnewkingdom?(Para.10-11)

Bydecidingwhichappsareavailableinitsonlinestore,andsettingtherulesforhowthoseappsaredeveloped,Applenowruleditsnewkingdom.PartII

QuestionsaboutPartII18Q2.HowdidApplenowrule

ArebuttalofFrancisScottFitzgerald’smuch-quotedaphorismthattherearenosecondactsinAmericanlifedoesnotcomemoredecisivelythanthis.(Line1,Para.6)FamouswriterF.SFitzgeraldoncesaidtherearenosecondactsinAmericanlifeanditwasagreedbymanypeople.However,thelifeexperienceofSteveJobsisaperfectexampletoshowthatthestatementisnottrue.PartII

SentenceInterpretation19ArebuttalofFrancisScott

…,hisformativeroleinpopularizingthepersonalcomputer,andApple’sinitialpubicofferingonWallStreet…madehimthetechindustry’sfirstrockstar.(Line4,Para.6)

…hispioneeringroleatthebeginningstageofpersonalcomputerindustry,andthecompany’slistinginthestockmarket…madehimabigiconicfigureinthetechindustry.PartII

SentenceInterpretation20…,hisformativeroleinpo

…hehassecuredhisplaceintheforemostranksoftheWestCoasttechtitans….(Line1,Para.7)

Undoubtedly,heisregardedasoneoftheleadingfiguresofWestCoastITgiants…PartII

SentenceInterpretation21…hehassecuredhisplacei

ofallthefingersthatApplehaspokedintoMicrosoft’seyesovertheyears,nonecanhaverankledasmuchastheearlysuccessoftheiPad.(Line1,Para.8)OfallthechallengesthatApplehasraisedagainstMicrosoftandofallthesuccessesthatAppleenjoyedduringthecompetitionwithMicrosoft,theearlysuccessoftheiPadisthebitterestforMicrosofttoaccept.PartII

SentenceInterpretation22ofallthefingersthatAp

Hisabilitytogetconsumerstolineupforproductsconjuredfromnothing–payingpremiumprices,andinuncertaineconomictimes–drawsaccoladesevenfromrivals.(Line3,Para.12)Hehasanabilitytogetconsumerstoqueueinlines,topayhigherpricesevenattimesofeconomicuncertainty,justforwantoftheAppleproducts.Suchabilityhaswonpraiseforhimevenfromhisrivals.PartII

SentenceInterpretation23Hisabilitytogetconsumedisparagingly(Para.4)adv.inadisparagingmanner轻蔑地,蔑视地disparagingadj.expressiveoflowopinionexample:

Hewascriticalofthepeople,disparagingoftheircrudemanners.disparagingremarksaboutthenewhousePartII

WordsandExpressions24disparagingly(Para.4)PartIIrebuttal(Para.6)n.astatementthatgivesreasonwhyanaccusationorachargeagainstyouisuntrue

辩驳，反驳example:

Heisconductingapoint-by-pointrebuttalofchargesfromformercolleagues.PartII

WordsandExpressions25rebuttal(Para.6)PartIIexertgreatersway(Para.7)haveagreaterinfluenceon…有更大的影响力example:

Developedcountriesexertgreaterswayovertheissuesofmaintainingworldpeace.PartII

WordsandExpressions26exertgreatersway(Para.7)Parankle(Para.8)v.makeresentfulorangrybecauseyouthinkitwasunfairorwrong令人愤怒example:

Theinjusticerankledher.Theinsultthathissisterhurledathimstillrankledinhismind.PartII

WordsandExpressions27rankle(Para.8)PartIIdigerati(Para.10)n.peoplewhoearnlargeamountofmoneythroughinternet-relatedbusiness电子商务精英，计算机行家example:

Withbloggers,developersandothermembersofthedigeratilookingformore,thisnewtechnologycanhelptakeittothenextlevel.PartII

WordsandExpressions28digerati(Para.10)PartIIconjure(Para.12)v.Ifyouconjuresth.outofnothing,youseemtomakeitappearbymagic变魔术般创造出example:

I

can’t

simply

conjure

up

the

money

outof

thin

air.Jean

can

conjure

up

a

good

meal

in

half

an

hour.

PartII

WordsandExpressions29conjure(Para.12)PartIIQ1.

WhatkindofspiritualbeliefsexertedaheavyinfluenceonSteveJobs?(Para.15)?HisspiritualtrainingofZenBuddhismhasplayedanimportantroleinhislife.PartIII

QuestionsaboutPartIII30Q1.Whatkindofspiritualbel

TherewaslittleinMr.Jobs’beginningsthatgaveahintofwhatwastocome.(Line1,Para.14)

FromMr.Jobs’earlylifewecouldn’tfindmuchsignorindicationofhislatersuccess.PartIII

SentenceInterpretation31PartIIISentenceInterpr

Mr.Jobs’spiritualaspirationslefthimwithlittleuseforeithershoesorsoapforlongperiods—tothedistressofco-workers.(Line2,Para.15)Becauseofhisspiritualbeliefs,foralongtime,heseldomworeshoesortookashower—itwasquiteadistresstohisco-workers.PartIII

SentenceInterpretation32PartIIISentenceInterprfledgling(Line5,Para.14)adj.youngandinexperiencedexample:

...thesoundpracticaladvicehegaveto

fledgling

writers.He

was

chosen

in

1996,beginninghis

training

for

China’s

fledgling

space

program.PartIII

WordsandExpressions33fledgling(Line5,Para.14)Paeschew(Line6,Para.15)v.deliberatelyavoiddoingsthorbecominginvolvedinsth.避免，回避example:

Acivilizedleadermust

eschew

violence.Eschew

fattening

foods

if

you

want

to

lose

weight.PartIII

WordsandExpressions34eschew(Line6,Para.15)Partfloundering(Line4,Para.16)adj.ifsomethingisfloundering,ithasmanyproblemsandmaysoonfailcompletely陷入困境example:

Theeconomywas

floundering.Menandhorseswere

floundering

inthedeepsnowbesidetheroad.PartIII

WordsandExpressions35floundering(Line4,Para.16)Q1.

WhatarethequalitiesofSteveJobsthatenabledhimtoachievesuchatremendoussuccess(Para.17-26)?

Neverstoppingpushingforward,hewasbrave,courageousandobsessivetodetails.Hewasalsoaperfectionist.Laterhisstylechangedalittle,andhehadbecomemorepragmaticandlearnttocompromisewhennecessary.PartIVQuestionsaboutPartIV36Q1.Whatarethequalitieso

Thosewhohavelaboredunderhimdescribehimasasterntaskmasterwhounderstandstheartofthepossible,ratherthanalong-rangevisionary.(Line2,Para.17)

Thosewhohaveworkedunderhimdescribehimasastricttaskmasterwhoknowswhatispossibletoachieveatthemoment,notsomeonewhoalwaysfocusesonthefuture.PartIV

SentenceInterpretation37Thosewhohavelaboredunde

AlieutenantwholeftthisyeardescribeshowtheApplebosscanbecomemorefixatedinfindingflawsinanicononascreenthanintheprogramitrepresents.(Line1,Para.20)

AnassistingstaffwholeftthisyearsaidthatStevesometimeswouldputmoreemphasisonfindingflawsofthedesignofaniconthantheprogramitrepresents.PartIV

SentenceInterpretation38Alieutenantwholeftthis…,butthegreatersenseofexpediencyreflectsApple’snewplaceintheworld.(Line1,Para.23)…,butbecomingmorepragmaticandchoosingtodowhatismoreconvenientratherthanwhatisbelievedtoberightreflectsApple’snewapproachinoperationasitsplaceinthebusinessworldchanged.PartIV

SentenceInterpretation39…,butthegreatersenseo

…,thoughthereversalalsoseemedcalculatedtoappeasedeveloperswhomightotherwiseturnmoreattentiontocreatingappsforphonesrunningGoogle’ssoftware.(Line4,Para.26)…,thoughtheremovaloftherequirementseemedcarefullyplannedsoastogaingoodwillofsoftwaredeveloperswhomightotherwiseturntocreateappsforotherphonecompanies.PartIV

SentenceInterpretation40…,thoughthereversalalsculmination(line1,para.17)n.something,especiallysomethingimportant,of

anactivity,process,orseriesofevents,

happensattheendofit

结局，高潮，顶点example:

Theshowmarkedthe

culmination

ofmonthsofhardwork.Thereformsmarkedthesuccessful

culmination

ofalongcampaign.PartIV

WordsandExpressions41culmination(line1,para.17)calltheshots(Line1,Para.19)

togiveordersortobeincharge操纵，掌握，发号施令example:

Typically,asinglecompanycannot

call

the

shots

thattransformanindustry.“Whoiscallingtheshotsinthishouse?”

PartIV

WordsandExpressions42calltheshots(Line1,Para.fixated(Line3,Para.20)Fixatev.payattentiontoexclusivelyandobsessively,becomefixedon关注，注视，使固定example:

ThemediaarefixatingonPrincessDiana’sdeath.

Ifyouaretoofixatedonsomething,youmightmissacarcomingaroundthecornerandfailtojumpoutoftheway.PartIV

WordsandExpressions43fixated(Line3,Para.20)Partbuoy(Line2,Para.24)

v.keepafloatwithabuoy;ifsomeoneinadifficultsituation

isbuoyed

bysomething,itmakesthemfeelmorecheerfulandoptimistic

支撑，鼓励，使浮起example:

Thepartydidlittleto

buoy

upherspirits.Germandomesticconsumption

buoyedtheGermaneconomy.PartIV

WordsandExpressions44buoy(Line2,Para.24)PartIVdismissive(Line1,Para.25)adj.showingindifferenceordisregard

轻视的，鄙视的example:

Hermannerwascoldly

dismissive.Shemighthavebeenless

dismissive

ofmytalentsifhecouldhaveseenmylatestachievements.

PartIV

WordsandExpressions45dismissive(Line1,Para.25)Pcalculated(Line15,Para.26)adj.carefullythoughtoutinadvance

精心策划的，蓄谋的example:

Irene’scleaningthefloorhadbeena

calculated

attempttocoveruphercrime....a

calculated

andcoherentstrategyforwinningpowerPartIV

WordsandExpressions46calculated(Line15,Para.26)appease(Line15,Para.26)v.trytostopsomefrombeingangrybygivingthemwhattheywant

使平息，使和缓，安抚example:

Themovewaswidelyseenasanattemptto

appease

criticsoftheregime.Thegovernmenttriedto

appease

discontentedworkers.

PartIV

WordsandExpressions47appease(Line15,Para.26)Par

TextBNokiaattheCrossroads:BlazingPlatforms48TextB48StructuralAnalysisPara.MainTopicsPara.1-5Nokia,theonceEurope’shottestfirm,isfacingseriouschallengenow.Para.6-10ThereasonswhyNokiahaslostitsedge.Para.11-15StrategiesandmeasuresforNokiatocompeteagain.Para.16-17AlthoughtherearesignsofrevivalforsomeotherEuropeanmobilephonecompanies,afullrecoverywouldtakealongertime.49StructuralAnalysisPara.MainI.Discussion1.WhatenabledNokiatoachieveitssuccessinthemanufacturingandsellingofthefirstgenerationmobilephone?Exercises

I.Speaking50I.DiscussionExercisesI.Thefirstgenerationsofmodernmobilephoneswerepurelydevicesforconversationandtextmessages.Themoneylayindesigningdesirablehandsets,manufacturingthemcheaplyanddistributingthemwidely.ThisplayedtoEuropeanstrengths.AndNokiahasbeenahighlyefficientmanufacturingandlogisticsmachinecapableofchurningoutadozenhandsetsasecondandsellingthemallovertheworld.Exercises

I.Speaking51Thefirstgenerationsofmoder2.Whycouldn’tNokiacontinueitssuccess?Exercises

I.Speaking52ExercisesI.Speaking52Asmicroprocessorsbecomemorepowerful,mobilephonesarechangingintohand-heldcomputers.Asaresult,mostoftheirvalueisnowinsoftwareanddataservices.ThisiswhereAmerica,inparticularSiliconValley,ishardtobeat.Nokia,alongwiththerestofEurope’smobileindustry,isalsobeingsqueezedinbothsimplehandsetsandnetworkingequipment.Exercises

I.Speaking53Asmicroprocessorsbecomemore3.Whatstrategiesarelikelytobeadoptedbythemanagementofthecompanytocopewiththesituation?Exercises

I.Speaking543.WhatstrategiesarelikelyThemajorstrategyisturningtheFinnishhardware-makerintoaproviderofsoftwareandservices.AformerseniorexecutiveofMicrosoftwasbroughtintoworkasthenewCEO.ThefirstoptionistryingtoturnSymbian,itsownoperatingsystemforsmartphones,intothefirstplatformformobilesoftwareandservicesaftertheiPhoneandAndroid.Exercises

I.Speaking55ThemajorstrategyisturningII.DebateDividethewholeclassintoseveralteamstodebateonthetopicsgiven.Exercises

I.Speaking56II.DebateExercisesI.SpeNokia’sfutureisdoomed.Value-orientedproposition57Value-orientedproposition57Peopleshouldreturntotraditionalwaysofcommunicationinsteadofmassiveuseofsmartphones.Policyproposition58Policyproposition58UnitFourInformationTechnology59UnitFour1Lead-inTextA:SiliconValleyVisionaryWhoPutAppleonTopTextB:NokiaattheCrossroads:BlazingPlatforms60Lead-in2Lead-in61Lead-in3Lead-inAreyouusingasmartphone,suchastheiPhoneortheSamsungGalaxy?Whatapplicationsdoyouusemostoften?Doyouthinktheusingofsmartphonehaschangedyourlifestyle?62Lead-inAreyouusingasmartpLead-inDiscussion:Whataretheprosandconsofusingsmartphones?63Lead-inDiscussion:5TextASiliconValleyVisionaryWhoPutAppleonTop64TextA6StructuralAnalysisPara.MainTopicsPara.1-3AbriefintroductionofthecomingbackofSteveJobsafterhistemporaryleaveofthecompanybecauseoftheillness.Para.4-12AnexplorationoftheartofSteveJobstoturntechnologyintoelegantconsumingproductsandthesuccessAppleisenjoyingnow.Para.13-16AbriefrecallofSteve’searlylifeandhisupsanddownsbeforereturningtoApplein1997.Para.17-28AdiscussionofthereasonsthatmakeSteveJobsandtheAppleadauntingsuccessforrivalstocompete.65StructuralAnalysisPara.MainPartI

QuestionsaboutPartIQ1.WhyhadthecomebackofSteveJobsstirredupsuchanexcitement?

ThiswasnotthefirsttimeofcomebackforhimtoApple.Littlemorethanadecadeearlier,hemadehisfirstcomebackandturnedApplefromgoingbankruptcytoanenormoussuccessfulcompany.Thereforehisrecoveryandcomebackwerehighlyanticipated.66PartIQuestionsaboutP

…bothMr.Jobs’careerandApple,…werewidelyconsideredwashedup,theirrelevancetothefutureoftechnologywrittenoffbothinSiliconValleyandonWallstreet.(Line4,Para.2)

Bothhiscareerandthecompanyhefoundedwerewidelyconsideredtohavecometoanend,andhewouldhavenothingtodowithhigh-techinthefutureintheeyesofsiliconvalleyentrepreneursandtheWallStreetinvestors.PartI

SentenceInterpretation67…bothMr.Jobs’careerand

thelevelofanticipationwhippedupinadvanceoftheJanuaryeventwasunusual….(Line1,Para.3)

Thelevelofexcitementforexpectinghisreturnwasextraordinary,whichhadalreadybecomeheatedbeforehesteppedontothestageinJanuary.PartI

SentenceInterpretation68thelevelofanticipationwcap(Line2,Para.1)v.lieatthetopof…example:Hecappedhisfriend’sstorywithanevenmoreexcitingone.Shecappedherragewhensheheardherhusband’scheatingonher.

PartI

WordsandExpressions69cap(Line2,Para.1)PartI

sideline(Line1,Para.2)

v.

removefromthecenterofactivityorattention使靠边，使降格，不重视example:Hewasunderpressuretoresignandwasabouttobe

sidelined..Whattheyfearisthatenvironmentpolicywillbe

sidelineduntilitistoolate.PartI

WordsandExpressions70sideline(Line1,Para.2)Partemaciated(line.2,para.2)

adj.extremelythinandweakbecauseofillnessorlackoffood骨瘦如柴的

example:...horrifictelevisionpicturesof

emaciated

prisoners.Theanimalshadlostweightnoticeably,becominglean,almost

emaciated.PartI

WordsandExpressions71emaciated(line.2,para.2)Parwashup(Line5,Para.2)

wearoutcompletely耗尽，结束example:Ihardlybelievethefactthattheirrelationshiphasbeenwashedup.PartI

WordsandExpressions72washup(Line5,Para.2)PartIwriteoff(Line6,Para.2)

todecidesomethingisunimportantoruselessandtheyarenotworthfurtherseriousattention

摒弃example:Heisfedupwithpeoplewritinghimoffbecauseofhisage.Hiscriticswritehimoffastoocautioustosucceed.PartI

WordsandExpressions73writeoff(Line6,Para.2)whipup(Line2,Para3)deliberatelycauseandencouragepeopletofeelacertainemotion煽动,激起example:…towhipupenthusiasmHeaccusedpoliticiansofwhippingupanti-foreignsentimentsinordertowinright-wingvotes.PartI

WordsandExpressions74whipup(Line2,Para3)PartIQ1.

Inmanycriticseyes,whatspecialtalentdidStevenJobshave(Para.4)?

HehastheabilitytoturntechnologiesintoperfectproductsandconvincepeopletobuyITgadgetsthattheyevenhavenoideatheyneeded.PartII

QuestionsaboutPartII75Q1.Inmanycriticseyes,wQ2.

HowdidApplenowruleitsnewkingdom?(Para.10-11)

Bydecidingwhichappsareavailableinitsonlinestore,andsettingtherulesforhowthoseappsaredeveloped,Applenowruleditsnewkingdom.PartII

QuestionsaboutPartII76Q2.HowdidApplenowrule

ArebuttalofFrancisScottFitzgerald’smuch-quotedaphorismthattherearenosecondactsinAmericanlifedoesnotcomemoredecisivelythanthis.(Line1,Para.6)FamouswriterF.SFitzgeraldoncesaidtherearenosecondactsinAmericanlifeanditwasagreedbymanypeople.However,thelifeexperienceofSteveJobsisaperfectexampletoshowthatthestatementisnottrue.PartII

SentenceInterpretation77ArebuttalofFrancisScott

…,hisformativeroleinpopularizingthepersonalcomputer,andApple’sinitialpubicofferingonWallStreet…madehimthetechindustry’sfirstrockstar.(Line4,Para.6)

…hispioneeringroleatthebeginningstageofpersonalcomputerindustry,andthecompany’slistinginthestockmarket…madehimabigiconicfigureinthetechindustry.PartII

SentenceInterpretation78…,hisformativeroleinpo

…hehassecuredhisplaceintheforemostranksoftheWestCoasttechtitans….(Line1,Para.7)

Undoubtedly,heisregardedasoneoftheleadingfiguresofWestCoastITgiants…PartII

SentenceInterpretation79…hehassecuredhisplacei

ofallthefingersthatApplehaspokedintoMicrosoft’seyesovertheyears,nonecanhaverankledasmuchastheearlysuccessoftheiPad.(Line1,Para.8)OfallthechallengesthatApplehasraisedagainstMicrosoftandofallthesuccessesthatAppleenjoyedduringthecompetitionwithMicrosoft,theearlysuccessoftheiPadisthebitterestforMicrosofttoaccept.PartII

SentenceInterpretation80ofallthefingersthatAp

Hisabilitytogetconsumerstolineupforproductsconjuredfromnothing–payingpremiumprices,andinuncertaineconomictimes–drawsaccoladesevenfromrivals.(Line3,Para.12)Hehasanabilitytogetconsumerstoqueueinlines,topayhigherpricesevenattimesofeconomicuncertainty,justforwantoftheAppleproducts.Suchabilityhaswonpraiseforhimevenfromhisrivals.PartII

SentenceInterpretation81Hisabilitytogetconsumedisparagingly(Para.4)adv.inadisparagingmanner轻蔑地,蔑视地disparagingadj.expressiveoflowopinionexample:

Hewascriticalofthepeople,disparagingoftheircrudemanners.disparagingremarksaboutthenewhousePartII

WordsandExpressions82disparagingly(Para.4)PartIIrebuttal(Para.6)n.astatementthatgivesreasonwhyanaccusationorachargeagainstyouisuntrue

辩驳，反驳example:

Heisconductingapoint-by-pointrebuttalofchargesfromformercolleagues.PartII

WordsandExpressions83rebuttal(Para.6)PartIIexertgreatersway(Para.7)haveagreaterinfluenceon…有更大的影响力example:

Developedcountriesexertgreaterswayovertheissuesofmaintainingworldpeace.PartII

WordsandExpressions84exertgreatersway(Para.7)Parankle(Para.8)v.makeresentfulorangrybecauseyouthinkitwasunfairorwrong令人愤怒example:

Theinjusticerankledher.Theinsultthathissisterhurledathimstillrankledinhismind.PartII

WordsandExpressions85rankle(Para.8)PartIIdigerati(Para.10)n.peoplewhoearnlargeamountofmoneythroughinternet-relatedbusiness电子商务精英，计算机行家example:

Withbloggers,developersandothermembersofthedigeratilookingformore,thisnewtechnologycanhelptakeittothenextlevel.PartII

WordsandExpressions86digerati(Para.10)PartIIconjure(Para.12)v.Ifyouconjuresth.outofnothing,youseemtomakeitappearbymagic变魔术般创造出example:

I

can’t

simply

conjure

up

the

money

outof

thin

air.Jean

can

conjure

up

a

good

meal

in

half

an

hour.

PartII

WordsandExpressions87conjure(Para.12)PartIIQ1.

WhatkindofspiritualbeliefsexertedaheavyinfluenceonSteveJobs?(Para.15)?HisspiritualtrainingofZenBuddhismhasplayedanimportantroleinhislife.PartIII

QuestionsaboutPartIII88Q1.Whatkindofspiritualbel

TherewaslittleinMr.Jobs’beginningsthatgaveahintofwhatwastocome.(Line1,Para.14)

FromMr.Jobs’earlylifewecouldn’tfindmuchsignorindicationofhislatersuccess.PartIII

SentenceInterpretation89PartIIISentenceInterpr

Mr.Jobs’spiritualaspirationslefthimwithlittleuseforeithershoesorsoapforlongperiods—tothedistressofco-workers.(Line2,Para.15)Becauseofhisspiritualbeliefs,foralongtime,heseldomworeshoesortookashower—itwasquiteadistresstohisco-workers.PartIII

SentenceInterpretation90PartIIISentenceInterprfledgling(Line5,Para.14)adj.youngandinexperiencedexample:

...thesoundpracticaladvicehegaveto

fle