便条写作简单概述

资料范本本资料为word版本，可以直接编辑和打印，感谢您的下载便条写作简单概述地点： 时间： 说明：本资料适用于约定双方经过谈判，协商而共同承认，共同遵守的责任与义务，仅供参考，文档可直接下载或修改，不需要的部分可直接删除，使用时请详细阅读内容便条写作关于格式便条（又称短笺）作为专业英语四级考试对英语应用文（practicalwriting）的考查点之一，是每年的固定题目。2005年专业四级考试大纲将便条的分值由5分增至10分。分值的增加应当引起我们对这道题目的重视。考试大纲对英语专业写作便条部分的测试要求是:〃根据提示写大约50~60词的便条、通知、请帖等。要求做到格式正确，语言得体。考试时间为10分钟。〃由此我们可以看出它所涉及的考点是格式和语言得体性。因此我们可以从格式、开篇结尾、表达是否清楚得当以及如何使用委婉语气和敬词这几方面着手进行复习和练习。便条根据其用途可分成很多类，这里我们着重讲经常考的几类:邀请类便条、致歉类便条、通知类便条、致谢类便条和祝贺类便条。然后我们会以范文的形式解读其他类便条的写作步骤和内容重点。便条写作是专四写作部分考试中得分很有灵活性的一道题目，既可能得满分，也可能得分很低。其得分高低的关键之一在于格式是否正确。考试大纲对英语专业写作测试要求中提到:〃便条写作最主要的是注意格式正确〃。因此我们首先要熟练掌握便条写作的格式。称呼顶格、日期在右、首行缩进、署名签在后英文书信由6个部分组成:信头、信内地址、称呼、正文、谦语和署名。而便条写作有别于普通的书信，属于非正式书信。它的格式非常清晰简单。它的篇幅短小，无需写信内地址，有时也无需写祝词和谦语。如此清晰的格式，我们可以将其简单地总结为:〃称呼顶格、日期在右、首行缩进、署名签在后〃。一篇便条作文格式可用以下简图示意：1•称呼要顶格，可根据亲疏关系冠以尊称或直呼姓名。可用DearSirorMadame，DearTom等正式称呼，也可直呼其名。在称呼后面一般用逗号（英国式），有时也可以用冒号（美国式）。我们习惯上还是用逗号。写给亲人和关系密切的朋友时，用Dear或MyDear再加上表示关系的称呼或直呼其名。例如:Mydearmother，DearAlice等。商务信函用DearSir或Gentleman（Gentlemen）。请注意不能出现DearGentlemen这种称呼，Gentlemen前不能加Dear。我们也可用头衔或职位等再加姓名。例如:DearProfessorDavidSmith，DearDr.JohnWells.2•日期写在右上角。便条的日期既可写明具体年月日，也可只写星期几，若日期的准确性要求高也可以写明具体时刻。日期可写成Mayll-9005（美国）、llMay，2005（英国）、Mayllth，2005;llthMay，2005等形式。Mayll,2005此种用法最为普遍。3•正文首行第一个字母缩进四个字母。便条正文位置在称呼语下面隔一行。正文注意不要按汉语习惯问候〃Hell0〃。首行向右缩进，通常以缩进四个字母为宣，第二行从左面顶格写起，这是缩进的格式。4•署名签在最后，应在右下角。署名前可视情而定，写Yourssincerely，Yoursever，RespectfuIlyyours等等以表恭敬之意，也可直接签名。注意一般不要按汉语写信习惯写"YourbeStfriend”，"Yourclassmate"等称谓。谦语位置低于结束语一至二行，从信纸中间偏右的地方开始写。另外关于谦语我们还要掌握一定的规则：（对地位高的人或长辈）：Respectfullyyours，YourSrespectfully（对不太熟悉或应表示客气的人）：YOttrStruly，Trttthf,tllyyOtlrS（亲密的朋友、亲属之间）：Affectionatelyyours，Yourscordially（最亲密的人之间）：YOurs访vingly，DeVOt出的yOuYS下面是一则邀请类便条的示例：9a.m.,May11DearMike,vegottwoticketstoaconcertgivenbythefamouspopbandNightingale.YesterdayIwaitedinalongqueueinordertobuythembecauseI'vebeenlookingforwardtolisteningtothisconcert.Itistobeginat7p.m.tomorrow.Ihavenoclassestomorrow.Areyoualsofreetomorrow?Wouldyouliketocomewithme?Whenyourclassesareover,pleasephoneme.Yours,Tom邀请便条类邀请类便条是非常实用的一类便条，无论是在正式的邀请函上还是朋友熟人间的邀请都有可能用到它。虽然近几年四级考试中只考过一次，我们对其还应该有相当的重视。Writeanoteofabout50—60wordsbasedonthefollowingsituation:Youhavegottwoticketstoaconcertgivenbyafamouspopband/orchestra.Writeanotetoyourfriend,Hilda/Mike,describingbrieflywhatitisandinvitingher/himtocomewithyou.四级考试大纲的测试要求明确指出，〃根据提示写大约50~60词的便条、通知、请帖等〃。请帖即正式的邀请类便条。对于请帖的写作，我们应该特别注重语言得体。〃语言得体〃也是四级便条的考察点。四级便条的评分标准中就有"appropriacy"（适当、恰当）这一点。〃适当、恰当〃包括措辞和语气两方面。这要求我们根据情景和人物关系正确选择措辞和语气，做到措辞恰当、语气表达适当。考试中通常要求向熟悉的同事、同学、朋友写便条，用词比较通俗、口语化。根据关系亲疏决定持辞和语气的正式程度前面已经指出，便条分正式便条和非正式便条。我们应当首先分清楚写便条者和收便条者之间的关系和情景的正式程度，以决定是用对方的职称还是直接称呼姓名，确定所使用的措辞。通常情况下便条的形式和内容比较简洁。中心内容可以用几句话概括，语言尽量通俗，口语化，简单扼要，直截了当，无需使用客套语言。但向诸如教授等长辈留便条时要注意措辞，并且用的语气要尽可能得委婉。

试比较以下两则便条：Dec.29,2004DearMs.Smith,Wewillholdapartyinourclassroomtocelebratethemid-autumnfestivalat8p.m.thisFriday.Willitbepossiblethatyoucomeandjoinusinthecelebration?Wewouldbeverydelightedtohaveourdearteacherwithusonthisspecialoccasion.Ifpossiblepleaseletusknowwhetheryoucancomeatyourconvenience.Respectfullyyours,HuaMay4,2005DearLiu,Wewillhaveapartyat8p.m.tocelebratethemid-autumnfestivalinourclassroom.Doyoucaretocometoourparty?Iassureyoutherewillbealotofentertainmentandjoyfulevents.Don,thesitate.Comeandseeforyourself!请再看下面几组例子：Ishouldappreciateitverymuchifyoucondescendtomeetus.Comeandmeetusattheschoolgate!Wearelookingforwardtotheopportunitytolistentoyourin-depthspeech'.Ican'twaittolistentoyourspeech!四句话语气显然不同，第一和第三句客气，句式正规；二、四言简意赅，句子简短。我们应该在比较中理解语气的选择与使用。便条语气不要生硬。比如以下句子：便条语气不要生硬。比如以下句子：Youhavebreakfastateight,getyourluggagedownstairsateightthirtyandleaveherefortheairportatnine.这句话尽管表达地非常清楚，信息量充足，但语气生硬，没有礼貌。 试改成下面这句：Breakfastisateight.Wouldyoupleasegetyourluggagedownstairsateightthirty?Wearegomgtoleaveherefortheairportatnine.经过改动，变陈述句为疑问句，就显得礼貌、委婉。我们可以多了解一些表达〃请〃的词，除了"please”我们还可以用begoodenough;bekindenough;havethekindness,havethepeasuretodo/ofdoing/indoing;totake(a)pleasureindoing(something);totakepleasureindoing(something);tobepleasedto(with)(by);tobedelightedat(in)(with);tobegladto(of)(about);toberejoicedin(at);tobeextremelypleasedto等短语来表达。若要将句子变得更有礼貌、更委婉，除了使用表达〃请〃的词，我们还可以利用以下几种方式：陈述句改为问句，而少用祈使句、感叹句等。比如，Wouldyouplease...Isthereanypossibilitythat...Whynot...等。采用包含would,should,might等情态动词的语句。提出劝告、建议:Itwouldbe/couldbefinetodo…，Imightbebetterto....perhapsyoumightliketo…；Youmightasdo…等；提出请求、询问意向:Iwouldliketo…；Couldyou…；Woulyou…ifImay,Iwill..Couldyoupossibly…wouldyoumind…等。陈述看法时，用过去时代替现在时是客气委婉的表示。Ibelieved/thought...;Iwaswonderingif...Iwonderedif...:Iwonder(wondered)ifyoucan(could)spareafewminutes.Iwant(wanted)toaskifIcan(could)borrowyourbike.Ihope(hoped)youcan(could)giveussomehelp.4- 一般将来时和将来进行时虽然都表示将来，但后者听起来更委婉。 比如你要等一个人，说"Ishallbewaitingforyou”比说"Ishallwaitforyou”要委婉客气得多。另外，在疑问句中用将来进行时也比用现在进行时更为客气。 例如：AreyoustayinginBeijinglong? 你在北京住得久吗？WillyoubestayinginBeijing long?你将在北京久居吗？开篇结尾句型TheSmithskindlyrequestyourpresenceatthebanquettobeheld...Maywehavethehonortoinviteyoutotheconcert.Willyoupleasetellmewhattimewillbeconvenientforustogettogether...WeshouldbesohappytohaveyoucometodinnerwithusnextFriday.Ishallbegratefulifyoucancometomyplaceatyourearliestconvenience.We,dliketoinviteyouto...Wouldyouliketocomewithusto...Doyouwanttojoinusin...Areyouinterestedin...Doyoucaretojoinusin...Woulditbepossibleforyoutojoinusat...Weshouldbesohappytohaveyoucometodinnerwithustonight.结尾Pleasereplyassoonaspossible.PleaseletusknowyourdecisionASSP.Pleaseletmeknowbycallingmeupattheoffice.Wewouldbeveryhappyifyoucouldjoinus.Weareawaiting/anxioustoreceiveyourearlyreply.Weshouldappreciateanearlyreply.Wethankyounowforthecourtesyofyourearlyattention.Kindlyreplyatyourearliestconvenience.Pleasefavoruswithyourreplyasearlyaspossible.Pleasewritetousbytonight'smail,withoutfail.Mayweremindyouthatwearestillawaitingyourearlyreply?Yourpromptattentiontothismatterwouldbegreatlyesteemed.Apromptreplywillgreatlyobligeus.Yourpromptreplywouldbegreatlyappreciated.Apromptreplywouldhelpusgreatly.Maywerequestthefavorofyourearlyreply?Welookforwardtoreceivingyourearlyreply.Wethankyounowforthisanticipatedcourtesy.Asthematterisurgent,anearlyreplywilloblige.另附邀请函EnclosedpleasefindEnclosedwehandyouWeencloseherewithHerewithwehavethepleasuretohandyouWehavepleasureinenclosingherewith1Sep.21,2005DearSir,OnMay21wewillhostapartyofcelebrationinhonoroftheretirementofMr.Jones,Presidentofourcompany.Youarecordiallyinvitedtoattendthecelebrationatourguesthall.Mr.JoneshasbeenthePresidentofourcompanysincetheyear2000.Duringthisperiod,ourcompanyexpandeditsbusinessgreatly.Nowit'souropportunitytothankhimforhisyearsofexemplaryleadershipandwishhimahappyretirement.PleasejoinustosayGood-byetohim.JianghuaCo.LTD2Oct.11,2005DearSir/Madam,Wewouldverymuchliketohavesomeonefromyourcompanyspeakatourconferenceonthetopicofleadership.Asyoumaybeaware,themissionofourassociationistopromotecommunication.Manyofourmembersareinterestedintheachievementsyourcompanyhasmade.Enclosedisourpreliminaryschedulefortheconferencethatwillbereviewedinweeks.I,llcallyouonDecember1sttoseewhofromyourcompanywouldbewillingtospeaktous.Icanassureyouthatwe'llmakeeverythingconvenienttothespeaker.Sincerelyyours,LiuWriteanoteofabout50wordsbasedonthefollowingsituation.Youwillholdahouse-warmingpartyatyounewhousetonight.Youcouldn'tgetyourbestfriendLauraonthephone.Writeanotetoher,describingwhatthepartywillbelikeandinvitinghertoit.Don'tforgettomentionthatLaura'sfriendsarealsowelcome.Writeanoteofabout50wordsbasedonthefollowingsituation.WriteanotetoinvitetheSmithstothebuffettobeheldintheguestroomofyourcompany.Time:7tonight.Nov.11,2004DearLaura,Wewillplanahouse-warmingpartyat7p.m.atournewapartmenttonight.Iguessyouwanttoseewhatournewapartmentlookslikeafterdelicatedecoration.Andtherewillbealotoffunattheparty.Wecandancetilldawnifwelike.Areyouinterested?Comeandseeforyourself.Bytheway,Icouldn'tgetyouonthephone.Whenyoucomeback,givemeacallandtellmeyourdecision,OK?Yoursever,Tom.June6,2000DearMr.andMrs.Smith,Therewillbeabuffetintheguestroomofourcompanyat7p.m.tonight.Youarekindlyinvitedtoit.Yourpresencewillbewhole-heartedlyappreciated.Ifforcertainreasonsyoucan'tcome,pleaseletusknowinadvance.Sincerelyyours,Lin道歉类Writeanoteofabout60wordsbasedonthefollowingsituation.YouweresupposedtohandinyourbookreportfortheExtensiveReadingCourseonMonday,butyouaretwodayslate.NowyouareoutsideProfessorLin'sofficeasyouwanttohandinyourassignment,butheisnotin.Writeanotetohim,apologizingandexplainingwhyyoudidnotgivehimyourworkontime.(1994TEM-4)Writeanoteofabout50—60wordsbasedonthefollowingsituation:YouarePeter/Mary.Youhadapartyatyourhomerecently,butyouunintentionallyneglectedtoinviteaclosefriendofyours—Victoria.Writeheranoteapologizingforthisandexplaininghowthemistakecameabout.(1997TEM-4)WriteonANSWERSHEETONEanoteofabout50-60wordsbasedonthefollowingsituation:Yesterdayyoufailedtoturnupfortheappointmentwithyourteacher.ProfessorWang.Writehimanoteofapologyandmakearequestforanothermeeting.Youshouldalsosuggestthetimefortherequestedmeeting.(200ITEM-4)Writeanoteofabout50-60wordsbasedonthefollowingsituation:YourfriendClarehasinvitedyoutoherhouse-warmingpartythisweekend.However,youwillbeawaythen.Writeheranotepolitelydecliningherinvitationandexpressingyourbestwishestoher.(2003TEM-4)致歉本身就应该态度诚恳。怀着诚恳的态度，致歉便条可以按照三个步骤来写：致歉；说明原因；请求理解、原谅。有时出于礼貌，还可在结尾表达补救方法。2003May12,2003DearClare,Congratulationsonyourmovingintoanewhouseandthankyouforinvitingme.ButI'msorrythatIwon,tbeabletocome.(致歉)IwillhavetoattendaveryimportantmeetingthisFridayevening.(说明原因)Ihopeyouwillunderstand.(请求原谅)Iwillsendahousewarminggift.Ihopeyouwillenjoytheparty.(表达补救办法)SendmybestremembrancetoTom.Yours,Alice2001May12,2001DearProfessorWang,IfeelterriblysorrythatIfailedtomakeoutyesterday,sappointmentwithyou.()Myroommatewassuddenlytakenillandtherewasnobodyelsearound.SoItookhertothehospital.WhenIfinallygottoyouroffice,youweregonealready.()Isincerelyhopeyouwillforgivemethistime.()Iknowyouareprettyoccupiedthesedaysbutisitpossibletoarrangeanotherappointmentwithyou?Can8p.m.thiseveningbeallrightwithyou?()Iamlookingforwardtoyourreply.Verytrulyyours,HuaCf:Iwasdwasratherdisturbedbyandconcernedaboutyourillness.I’msorrytohearaboutyourillnessandwishyouaspeedyrecovery.开篇结尾句型开篇I,msorrytotellyouthat...Ihatetotellyoubut...I,mawfully/terriblysorrythatIcannotgotoschooltomorrowduetoillness.It,swithregretthat...Iregrettosaythat...Pleaseexcusemyabsencefromclasstoday.Owingtoabadcold,IamverysorrythatIamunabletogotoschooltoday.Isincerelyexpressmyapologyfornotbeingableto...Wearegrievedtohearof(about)...Itiswithgreatregretthat...Muchtoour