2020年1月上海春季高考英语试题精校版(含试题及答案)

Weweighbenefitsofmedicationsversusthecomplexityofaddingonemoredrugtohercrowdedpill1Ifyouansweredno,you'renotalone.Whenyouropinionsareshared,youwillfindmorepotentialaboutyou.Yourvaluesandneedsmayalsovaryfromoneappointmenttothenext.Thetruedifferencereliesonwhatyouunderstandinsteadofwhatyousee.Ayearfromnowaftergraduation,we'llrevisittheconversation,ashigoalsandneedsmaybedifferent.TheMostImportantThingYou'reNotDiscussingwithYourDoctorShareddecisionmakingrequiresyoutobeanactiveparticipant.PoliticiansandpolicymakersarediscussingwhatpartsoftheAffordableCareActtochangeandwhattokeep.Whilemostofushavelittlecontroloverthosediscussions,thereisonehealthcaretopicthatwecancontrol:whatwetalkaboutwithourdoctor.TheInstituteofMedicine(IOM)releasedthelandmarkpublicationCrossingtheQualityChasm15yearsago.ThereportproposedsixaimsforimprovementintheU.S.healthsystem,identifyingthathealthcareshouldbepatient-centered,safe,effective,timely,efficientandequitable.Theideathathealthcareshouldbepatient-centeredsoundsobvious,butwhatdoesthatmean?TheIOMdefinesitascarethatis“respectfulofandresponsivetoindividualpatientpreferences,needs,andvalues”andthatensures“patientvaluesguideallclinicaldecisions.”Forthistotrulyhappen,doctors'appointmentsneedtocovermoretopicsthanhowoneisfeelingandwhatcanbedone.Doesyourdoctorknowyourvalues?66Fewerthanhalfofpeoplereportthattheirphysicianorotherhealthcareproviderasksabouttheirgoalsandconcernsfortheirhealthandhealthcare.Yourdoctorcandiscussmedicaltestsandtreatmentswithoutknowingyourlifegoals,butsharingyourvaluesandneedswithyourdoctormakesdiscussionsanddecisionsmorepersonalizedandmayleadtobetterhealth.Howdoespatient-centeredcarehappen?Inorderforyourhealthcaretocenteraroundyou,yourdoctorneedstoknowyourvalues,preferencesandneeds.Everyoneisdifferent.67Asaneurologist,whenI'mworkingwitha76-year-oldwidowwhosemaingoalistoremainindependentinherhome,weframehercareinthatcontext.68Wediscusshowawalkerhelpsherbemoreindependentratherthanless,asshecanmovearoundherhomemoresafely.Whenastressedcollegestudentcomestomyofficeforabothersometremor,hispreferenceistoavoidmedicationsthathemightforgettotakeorthatmightharmhisschoolperformance.Thisguidesourdiscussionoftheprosandconsofdifferentoptions,includingusingmedicationsbutalsodoingnothing,anoptionthatalmosthalfofpatientsfeelstronglyshouldalwaysbediscussed.69Insharingtheirvaluesandgoalswithme,theseindividualsenabledahealthcareapproachthatrespectedtheirneedsandalsorespondedtotheirlifecircumstances.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.ToLaughIsHumanMostofusdon'tknowwhywelaughatsomejokesandnotatothers.Scientistsknowthatweareabletolaughatbirth.Babiesbegintolaughatthreetofourmonthsofage,wellbeforetheyproducetheirfirstwords.Whatscientistsareinterestediniswhywelaugh.Scientistsbelievehumanslaughwithothersprimarilybecauseitmakesusfeelconnectedwithoneanother,whichinturngivesusasenseoftrustandcomfort.Toscientists,laughterisanunconsciousreaction:consequently,whenwelaugh,otherscanbecertainthatitisanhonestreaction,andhonestyiskeywhenbuildingandmaintainingfriendships.Sincelaughterisseenasasocialsignalthatwesendtoothers,itcanalsohelpexplainwhyitissoinfectious.Studieshaveproventhatwhenpeopleseeorhearsomethingfunny,theyare20timesmorelikelytolaughwhentheyarewithothersthanwhentheyarealone.Wantingtobeacceptedbyothersispartofhumannature.Andmirroringotherpeople'slaughterissaignwaalytotoothersthatyoufeelthewaytheydo,whichmakesusfeelmoreconnectedwithoneanother.Humanshavenotalwayslaughedjustsotheycanfeelclosertoothers,however.Scientistspointoutthatthissocialfunctionoflaughterwasbornoutofanevenmorefundamentalhumanneed.Laughter,theybelieve,cameaboutbecauseitcontributedtoourverysurvivalasaspecies.Scientistsassumethatsharinglaughterensuredourancestorsahighersurvivalratebecauseitledtogreatercooperationbetweenindividuals.Humanslearnedquicklythatgreatercooperationledtosurvival,andthebraininturnrealizedthatlaughingwithothersincreasedoutchancesoffindingpeopletocooperate,hunt,eat,live,andeventually,survivewith.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.少喝含糖的饮料，否则你会容易发胖。（or）在法庭上，他坚持自己没犯抢劫罪。（guilty）你是不是同意，在心情愉快的时候，总会有创意出现？（occur）当谈到办公室冲突的时候,专家建议应更多地反思自己，更多地换位思考，并及时与同事沟通。（Whenitcomesto）GuidedWritingDirections:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.假设你是明启中学的学生王磊，你校计划引进一个机器人担任餐厅服务员或者图书馆管理员，并在英语贴吧征求学生意见，你很感兴趣，决定回帖响应，你所写的内容应包括:你认为机器人适合担任的一个岗位，二选一；通过比较，闸述你选择的理由，可以从工作效率、服务范围等方面进行表述。参考答案GrammarandVocabulary（共20分。每小题1分）21.do22.less23.hadspent24.Nowthat25.how26.in27.Tobe/Being28.emptied29.tosee30.where31-35DBFKH36-40ECAGIReadingComprehension（共45分。41-55每题1分;56-70每题2分）41-45BABDC46-50CADBD51-55CADCB56-60CBBAC61-65ADCCB66-70CBDAFSummaryWriting（共10分）Possibleversion1Scientiststhinkhumansarebornwiththeabilitytolaugh,butwhydowelaugh?Welaughtofeelclosertooneanother.Laughterhelpsustoberecognizedsowelaughmoreingroupsthanwhenalone.Laughteralsoevolvedfromamorebasicneedtosurviveasitpromotedcooperation,enablinghumanstosurvivebetter.Possibleversion2Laughterisunconscious,infectiousandbasic.Itbringsusatrustworthy,comfortableandhonestfeeling,thusbettermaintainingfriendships.Chancesarethatwelaughmorewithothersaround,contributingtopromptingrecognitionandfeelingmoreconnectedwithoneanother.Scientistsassurethatlaughterresultedingreatercooperationbetweenindividualsinancienttimes,asbettercooperationleadstosurvival.Possibleversion3Wewerebornwiththeabilitytohelpandscientiststhinkthereasonwhywelaughisthatwefeelconnectedwithothersandwewanttoberecognizedbyothers.Besides,laughterhelpspeopletocooperatetosurvivewith.V.Translation（共15分。第1小题和第2小题，每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分）Don'tdrinktoomuchsugarydrinks/sugaredbeverages,oritiseasyforyoutogainweight.Heinsistedthathewasn'tguiltyofrobbing/robberyincourt.Doyouagreecreativityalwaysoccurswhenyouareinagoodmood?Whenitcomestoofficeconflicts,expertssuggestoneshouldreflectmoreonherself/himself,alwaysputthemselvesinothers'shoes,andcommunicatewithworkmatesintime.GuidedWriting（共25分）Dearheadmaster,SoappealingisyourplantointroducearobottoourschoolthatIdecidetorespondtoyouraskingforproposals.Frommyperspective,arobotismoresuitableforthepositionoflibrarian.Withregardtotherangeofservice,alibrarianneedsnotonlytoclassifydifferentkindsofbooks,putandfindthemintherightorderontherightshelfbutalsokeeparecordofwhatbooksareborrowedandreturned,whilebeingawaiterinarestaurantinvolvesservingtherightdishestotherighttable,dosomecleaningandcommunicatingwiththediners.Arobotcanaccomplishthreeorfourlibrarians'work