新视野大学英语4第四版Unit1sectionA教案

TextStudyTextStudyUnit1SectionALoveandlogic:ThestoryofafallacyObjectives：TotalkaboutloveandlogicTofurtherunderstandthetextToapplythephrasesandpatternsTomasterthenarrativeessaywritingskillContentsWarming-upActivitiesTextStudyLanguageApplicationSummaryWarming-upActivitiesLead-in1.Whatdoyouknowaboutlogic?Whenitcomestomakingachoice,manypeopletendtouserationalandlogicalreasoning;Malesaremorerationalthanfemales;2.Doyouthinkitispossibletodealwithlifeinacompletelyrationalandlogicalway?Rationalworldisnotnecessarilyawonderfulone;Rationalindividualscanmakechoicesthatarebadnewsforothers;Itisridiculoustodealwithloveinalogicalway.Pre-readingActivities1.Thefollowingaresomestatementstotestyourreasoningability.Tellwhethertheconclusionsaftertheword“Therefore”aretrue(T),false(F),oruncertain(U).Writeyouransweronthelinebeforeeachstatement.numberstatementsTrueorfalse1Alloddnumbersareintegers(整数).Allevennumbersareintegers.Therefore,alloddnumbersareevennumbers.2Therearenodancersthataren'tslimandnosingersthataren'tdancers.Therefore,allsingersareslim.3Atoothpick(牙签)isuseful.Usefulthingsarevaluable.Therefore,atoothpickisvaluable.Threepencilscostthesameastwoerasers.Foureraserscostthesameasoneruler.Therefore,pencilsaremoreexpensivethanrulers.5ClassAhasahigherenrollmentthanClassB.ClassChasalowerenrollmentthanClassB.Therefore,ClassAhasalowerenrollmentthanClassC.6Afruitbasketcontainsmoreapplesthanlemons.Therearemorelemonsinthebasketthanoranges.Therefore,thebasketcontainsmoreapplesthanoranges.7Takingthetrainacrosstownisquickerthantakingthebus.Takingthebusacrosstownisslowerthandrivingacar.Therefore,takingthetrainacrosstownisquickerthandrivingacar.8AllthetulipsinZoe'sgardenarewhite.AlltherosesinZoe'sgardenareyellow.Therefore,alltheflowersinZoe'sgardenareeitherwhiteoryellow.2.Listentoashortpassageonlogic,andfillinthemissinginformation.CulturalBackground-LogicandFallacy1.Whatisafallacy?Andhowisitused?Anerrorinreasoningthatrendersanargumentlogicallyinvalid;Byaccidentordesign,logicalfallaciesareoftenusedindebateorpropaganda;Tomisleadpeople;Todistractpeoplefromtherealissueforthepurposeofwinninganargument.2.Howmanytypesoffallacydoyouknow?RedHerring（转移话题）/BeggingtheQuestion（循环论证）/SlipperySlope（滑坡谬误）/Bandwagon（从众谬误）/FalseDilemma（伪两难谬误）/FalseCause（posthoc）（假因谬误）/AdHominem（人身攻击）/AppealtoAuthority（诉诸权威）/DictoSimpliciter（绝对判断）/HastyGeneralization（草率结论）/AdMisericordiam（文不对题）/FalseAnalogy（错误类比）1.MainideaandstructureWhatdidthenarratordowithhisroommateRob?(Para.1)TheymadeadealthatthenarratorgivesRobhisleatherjacket,andRob,inexchange,givesthenarratorhisgirlfriend.WhydidthenarratorwanttohavePollyashisgirlfriend?(Paras.2-3)Pretty,well-off,radiant;Therightbackgroundtobethegirlfriendofadogged,brilliantlawyer;Helpthenarratorinhiscompetitionwithotherapplicantstosomeelitelawfirms.PartI—Paras.1一3aboutthefour“aboutthefour“wh-”words:who,where,what,andwhy.“Who”referstothenarrator,hisroommateRob,andthebeautifulgirlPolly.“Where”refersto.“What”and“why”refertowhattodoandwhytodoit:ThenarratordecidestomakePolly“”becauseasapromisinglybrilliantlawyer,hewantstohaveagirlfriendwhoisnotonlybeautifulbutalsointelligent.PartII—Paras.4-25ThenarratortriestohelpPollybecomesmarterbygivingherlessonsinlogic.AltogetherhespendsfivenightsteachingPollyfourlogicalfallacies,namely,DictoSimpliciter,HastyGeneralization,AdMisericordiam,FalseAnalogy.PartIII—Paras.26-43Whenaskedtobethenarrator'sgirlfriend,PollyrefuteshisargumentswiththeexactlogicalfallaciestaughtbyhimandrefusesbymakingfulldisclosurethatsheisdatingthenarratorsimplybecauseitisatricksheandRobhavedecidedtoplayonhiminordertogethisleatherjacket.2.StructureofthetextIntroductiontothestoryThenarratorandRobmakeadeal:theexchangeofaleatherjacketforPolly.(Para.1)/.ThenarratorandRobmakeadeal:theexchangeofaleatherjacketforPolly.(Para.1)/.XPollyhassomebasicqualitiestobethegirlfriendofalawyer.(Para.2)Pollyneedstobemademoreintelligent.(Para.3)Body(Developmentofthestory)WhylogicisThefirstlogicalesecondlogicalThethirdlogicalThefourthlogicalimportant(Para.fallacytaughttofallacytaughttofallacytaughttofallacytaughtto4-8)Polly:DictoPolly:HastyPolly:AdPolly:FalseSimpliciterGeneralizationMisericordiamAnalogy(Paras.(Paras.9-11)(Paras.12-15)(Paras.16-21)22-25)Climax&End“Wemakeaprettygoodcouple.”HastyGeneraliza-tion.(Paras.26-30)“Wemakeaprettygoodcouple.”HastyGeneraliza-tion.(Paras.26-30)「“Youdon'thaveClimaxofthe“Pleasesaytoeatawholestory:you'llgooutwithcaketoknowme.I'mnothingit'sgood.”Pollyrefusestowithoutyou.”FalseAnalogy.bethenarrator'sAd(Paras.31-32)girlfriend.Misericordiam.(Paras.38-43)(Paras.33-35)“Youknowthethingsyoulearninschooldon'thaveanythingtodowithreallife.”DictoSimpliciter.(Paras.36-37)3.3.SummaryofthetextLoveandlogic:Thestoryofafallacywithmethathe'dgivemehisgirlfriendPollyinwithmethathe'dgivemehisgirlfriendPollyinexchangeformyjacket.AndIagreed.dogged,brilliantlawyerlikemyself.dogged,brilliantlawyerlikemyself.IwanttodispenseherenoughShewaspretty,well-off,andradiant.Still,pearlsofwisdomtomakeher“-spokenwell”.SoItriedmybesttoteachhersuchlogicalfallaciesasDictoSimpliciter,HastyGeneralization,AdMisericordiam,andFalseAnalogy.Afterfivenightsofdiligentwork,IactuallymadealogicianoutofPolly.Shewasananalyticalthinkeratlast.WhenIaskedhertodevelopourrelationshipintoaromanticone,however,sherefutedmyargumentsasthoselogicalfallaciesIhadtaughther!Andsherefusedmypropositionbymakingfulldisclosure:ShelikedRobinleather,therefore,shehadtoldhimtomakethepactwithmesothatRobcouldhavemyjacket.4.PracticalphrasesPracticalPhrasesSpecificMeaningsExamples1.Inexchangefor…作为对的父换Inexchangeforapeacefulenvironmentforthefuturegenerations,ourrevolutionarypredecessorsshedtheirbloodandevensacrificedtheirpreciouslives.2.Setadatefor为……定日期Inordertoachievesuccess,onehadbetterstartimmediatelyratherthansetdatesforhis/herefforts.3.Appealto唤起；吸引Thisuniversityboastsmanyworld-famousexperts,professors,andtheworld'sbestresearchlibrary,

therefore,itappealstostudentsandresearchersfromallovertheworld.4.make/drawananalogybetween在之间作类比5.Makesth.outofsb./sth.使.…••变成……6.Givesb.theaxe抛弃（恋人）；解雇7.Bedrippingwith…满疋.Weoftenmakeananalogybetweenstudyingandclimbingamountain:bothofthemrequiregreateffortsbeforeyoucanreachthetop.Theaimofthemilitaryacademyistomakequalifiedofficersoutoftheyoungcadetsafterfouryears'studyandtraining.Ifyoucontinueplayingyourpreciouscollegeyearsaway,successwillgiveyoutheaxeupongraduation.Thoughthebeautifulladyisdrippingwithjewels,herwordsandactionsaredrippingwithvulgarityandrudeness.5.FunctionalpatternsFunctionalPatternsFunctions&UsagesExamples1.Ifsb.coulddo…，s如果我能够让我所申请的顶尖律师事务所看到我身边伴随着一位光彩照人、谈吐优雅的另一b.justmight用于表达“假设”半，我就很有可能在竞聘中以微弱优势获胜。do…If