仁爱英语七年级下册语法总结及练习题

初一语法专项练习一.频度副词(一般现在时态的标志)always>usually>often>sometimes>seldom>never,onceaweek,twiceamonth,threetimesayear,everyday等等对频度的提问，应该用howoften( )1.-HowoftendoesyoursistersurftheInternet? —About.A.threetimeB.threetimesC.threetimeeverydayD.threetimesaday( )2.—HeisgoingthereJuly28th.A.onB.atC.inD.to( )3.Thankyouformefindmylittlecatyesterday.A.helpB.helpsC.helpedD.helping( )4.Areyougoodat?A.swimB.swimmingC.toswimD.swam( )5.—CouldIuseyourcomputer? —.A.Yes,Ican.B.Yes,youcan'tC.Sorry,youcan'D.No,Ican't.( )6.—doesittakeyoutowatchTV?—Aboutfortyminutes.A.HowlongB.HowmuchC.HowoftenD.Howmany( )7.Whenitrains,Iataxi.A.takeB.rideC.byD.sit( )8.—areyoustayinginOttawa?—Fortwoweeks.A.HowlongB.HowmanyC.HowoftenD.Howmuch( )9.DoesBabaragotoworkbusorfoot?A.to;byB.with;onC.by;onD.on;on( )10.Mybirthdayisin.A.TuesdayB.AprilC.March3rdD.Monday二.交通方式的表达：by+交通工具或动词短语构成bybike,bybus,bycar,byplane,bytrain,bysubway,byland,byair,bysea,bywater,onfoot,(rideabike,takeabus,takeaplane,takeatrain,takethesubway,walkto)问交通方式则应该用how,如：Howdoeshegotoschool?Howdoyougotothepark?Howdoesshegotowork?.Mymothergoestoworkbybus.(同义句)Mymothergoestowork..Mygrandmaoftengoeshomebysubway.(就戈U线部分提问)doesyourgrandmaoftenhome?.MissYangwalkstoworkeveryday.(改为同义句)MissYanggoestoworkeveryday?.Mygrandmausuallytakesthesubwayhome. (就划线部分提问)yourgrandmagohome?三、现在进行时：.定义：表示(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作。经常与now,atthemoment,look,listen等词连用。.基本结构：be(am/is/are)+v-ing(动词的现在分词) I'mwatchingTVnow..现在分词的构成：一般情况下在动词词尾加ingogofgoing askfaskinglookflooking(2)以不发音的e结尾的动词，去掉e加ing。havefhaving takeftaking make-^making writefwriting(3)以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写最后一个字母，再加-ingogetfgetthg swimfswimming beginfbeginningshopfshopping.现在进行时态的肯定式、否定式、疑问式及简略回答。肯定式：be+v-ing Sheissinginginthenextroom.否定式：be+not+v-ing Thestudentsaren'tcleaningtheroom.一般问句：be动词提前。肯定答语Yes,主语+be,否定答语No,主语+benot。.特殊疑问问句：疑问词+be+主语+doing+其他？(疑问词+一般疑问句)I.写出下列动词的ing形式1.clean2.read3.play4.have5.get6.eat7.take8.make9.look10.watchII.句型转换Amyisplayingcomputergames.(一般疑问句，肯定回答)Theyaredoingtheirhomework.（一般疑问旬 否定旬）Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.（一般疑问句,否定回答）I'rplayingfootballontheplayground.（画线提问）Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.（画线提问）四.现在进行时与一般现在时的区别：(一)一般现在时定义：表示经常性的动作。经常与频率副词(时间状语)连用：often经常，usually通常，always总是，every每个，sometimes有时，at…在几点钟等。只有第三人称单数用动词三单形式，食余动词均用原形。(二)现在进行时.定义：表示(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作，。经常与now,atthemoment,look,listen等词连用。.现在进行时表示动作的暂时性，而一般现在时表示动作的习惯性和经常性IamwatchingTVnow.(暂时性)IwatchTVeveryday.(经常性).现在进行时可表示后暂性动作，而一般现在时表示长久性动作。LucyislivinginBeijing.(短时间居住)LucylivesinBeijing.(长久性居住)I.话动词的适当形式填空。Weoften(play)intheplayground.He(get)upatsixo'clock.—Who(sing)asong? —LiYingis.Danny(study)English,Chinese,math,scienceandartatschool.Mikesometimes(go)totheparkwithhissister.Mike(read)Englisheveryday?Look,theboy(run)fast.—Whatareyoudoing? —I(do)myhomework.Look!Theboyoverthere(play)amodelplane.五、therebe句型1、定义：Therebe句型表示某处存在某物或某人。2、结构：(1)Therei§+单数可数名词/不可数名词+地点状语.Thereare+复数名词+地点状语.注意事项：there是引导词，在句中不充当任何成分，翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词be要与主语(某人或某物)的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。如：Thereisateacherandmanystudentsinourclassroom.我们教室里有一位老师和阵多学生。Therearemanystudentsandateacherinourclassroom.树下有两个男说一个女孩。therebe句型的常考点考点一：各种句型转化。1：变成否定Therebe句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同：not是副词，no为形容词，nota/an/any+n.相当于no+n.。例如：Thereisabikebehindthetree. fThereisn'tabikebehindthetree.=Thereisnobikebehindthetree.2:变成一般疑问句Therebe句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。但同时要注意：当肯定句中有some时，要将其改为any（否定变化也一样）。ThereissomewateronMars.一IsthereanywateronMars?Yes,thereis.No,thereisn't.Therearesomefishinthewater. fArethereanyfishinthewater?Yes,thereare.No,therearen't.3:特殊疑问句对主语提问：当主语是人的时候，则用who引导，当主语是物的时候，则用what引导。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用 be的单数形式（回答时却要根据实际情况来决定）。如：Therearemanythingsoverthere. fWhat'soverthere?Thereisalittlegirlintheroom. 一Whoisintheroom?对地点状语提问：则用where引导。如：Thereisacomputeronthedesk.fWhereisthecomputer?Therearefourchildrenontheplayground.fWherearethefourchildren?对数量提问：般有两种句型结构：Howmany+复数名词+arethere+介词短语？Howmuch+不可数名词+isthere+介词短语？练习I.将下列句子变成否定句和一般疑问句。I.Thereissomewaterinthebottle.2.TherearemanyapplesintheboxII.对句子划线部分提问。.Therearesevendaysinaweek. .Therearelotsofbooksinourlibrary. .Thereisaknifeoverthere. .Thereisalittlemilkintheglass.。()8.Therenotmilkinthecuponthetable.A.are,manyB.are,muchC.is,manyD.is,much()9.Howmanyarethereintheroom?A.appleB.studentsC.milkD.paper()10.Theresomethingwrongwithourclassroom.A.areB.hasC.isD.have六、介词I、①at+具体时刻：at3:00②on+具体某天③in十年、月、季节及一天中的某部分eg.1.themorning2.Mondaymorning3.arainyevening4.3:50 5.__ 2002 6.themorningofApril 107.spring 8.night 9.thistime10.March另外注意：在时间词(morning,afternoon,evening;Sunday)前有last,next,this,that时，不再用介词.tomorrow,tonight前也不用介词。H、in,on,at表地点：at一股指小地方； in一般指大地方或某个范围之内； on往往表示在某个物体的表面”。eg.1)HearrivedShanghaiyesterday.2)Theyarrivedasmallvillagebeforedark.3)Thereisabigholethewall.4)Theteacherputupapicturethewall.田、inthetree(外加在树上的事物)onthetree(树上自身具有的花、果、叶等)inthewall(镶嵌在墙内部的事物) onthewall(墙表面的事物)ThereisamapthewallTherearefourwindowsthewall.V、 infrontof:在…前面/方(范围外)inthefrontof:在 前部(范围内)类似区别：atthebackof与behind七、一般过去时态一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：⑴am和is在一般过去时中变为waso(wasnot=wasn't)⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。(werenot=weren't)⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is,am,are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否定旬：didn't+动词原形，如：Jimwenthomeyesterday.Jimdidn'tgohomeyesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Jimwenthomeyesterday.DidJimgohomeyesterday?特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+一般疑问句？如：Jimwenthomeyesterday.DidJimgohomeyesterday?WhatdidJimdoyesterday?与表示过去的一些时间状语连用.yesterday或以其构成的短语：yesterdaymorning(afternoon,evening)等；.由iast+-时间名词”构成的短语：lastnight,lastyear(winter,month,week)等；.由时间段+ago”构成的短语：amomentago,ashorttimeago,anhourago等；.其它：justnow等.由某些表示过去时态的从句等。动词过去式变化规则：.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked.结尾是e力口d,如：taste-tasted.末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母,冉力口-ed,如：stop-stopped.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i,再加-ed,如：study-studied.不规则动词过去式：过去时练习写出下列动词的过去式cookenjoydancehelplivebeginhurtdrawwritereadcomegodoisarecomeplaysingaskdancehavewritecanswimridetakespeakmake一、用be动词的适当形式填空Iatschooljustnow.Heatthecamplastweek.Westudentstwoyearsago.Theyonthefarmamomentago.YangLingelevenyearsoldlastyear.Thereanappleontheplateyesterday.TheresomemilkinthefridgeonSunday.Themobilephoneonthesofayesterdayevening.二、句型转换Itwasexciting.否定句： 一般疑问句： 肯、否定回答： Allthestudentswereveryexcited.否定句： 一般疑问句： 肯、否定回答： SuHaitooksomephotosattheSportsday.否定句： 一般疑问句： 肯、否定回答： Nancywenttoschoolearly.否定句： 一般疑问句： 肯、否定回答： WesangsomeEnglishsongs.否定句： 一般疑问句： 肯、否定回答： 综合时态练习：用正确的动词形式填空。.Thechildrenare (run)therenow..-I upathalfpastsixthismorning.(get).Mymother alotoffruityesterdayafternoon.(buy).Listen!Who (sing)inthemusicroom?Oh.Mary (sing)there..They ameetingyesterday.(nothave).- you (have)anycolorpens?-Sorry,Idon’thaveany..Shelikeseggs,butshe (notlike)bread.8.Mymother (tell)meastoryeverynight.9.--Howmuchmeat you (want)? --Akilo,please.10.Someone (be)inthenextroom..There (be)apenandtwoerasersinthepencil-box..Thetwins thirteentwoyearsago.(be).Where herfriend (swim)now,doyouknow?.Look!Thebus (come)..She (go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday..Shealways (do)yourhomeworkwell.--What she (do)?--She (clean)herroomnow.Lookattheman.He (drink)tea.Listen!She (sing)anEng