高中英语选修七知识点总结

高中英语选修七知识点总结高中英语选修七知识点1Unitl：disabilityn.无能;残疾disabledadj.伤残的ableadj.能干的；能够的ambitionn.野心，雄心ambitiousadj.有雄心的,野心勃勃的beneficialadj.有益的benefitv.n.受益;利益,好处independentadj.独立的independencen.独立dependv.依靠，依赖encouragementn.鼓励encouragev.鼓励couragen.勇气，精神单词：ambition(n.)雄心beneficial(adj.)有益的adapt(v.)使适应；改编it作形式主语，只用V-ing,不用不定式。XItis+adj.+（forsb）todosthItisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.覆水难收。Itisawasteoftimetalking（talk）tohim.Itisimportantformetolearn（learn）English.3.作宾语V-ing形式既可作动词的宾语，也可作介词的宾语。Wewouldappreciatehearingfromyou.我们会珍惜你的来信。高中英语选修七知识点3Unit4：定语从句.关系代词that,which（物）that,who,whom（人）whose（人和物）①关系代词在从句做主语，宾语，表语。当做宾语时，可以省略。Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.（that做主语，先行词是物）Thebook（which）Igaveyouwasworth$10.（which先行词是物，在从句中作宾语可省，）Sheisthepopstar（that）Iwanttoseeverymuch,（that先行词是人，在从句中做宾语可省）②who在从句中多做主语，whom只能做宾语，（介词和动词后）Doyouknowthemanwhoistalkingwithyourmother?（who在从句中做主语，先行词是人）Theboy（whom）sheloveddiedinthewar.（whom在从句中做宾语，可省）③whose先行词即可是人也可是物。Ilikethosebookswhosetopicsareabouthistory.Theboywhosefatherworksabroadismydeskmate..关系副词where在从句中作地点状语when在从句中作时间状语why在从句中作原因状语Iwillneverforgetthedaywhenwemetthere.ThisisthehousewhereIwasborn.Ican'timaginethereasonwhyheturneddownmyoffer.三、介词/介词短语+关系代词美hich,whom）Mr.SmithisthepersonwithwhomIamworking.Thisisthehotelinwhichyouwillstay.关系副词when,where,why的含义相当于介词+which结构,因此常常和介词+which结构交替使用。例如：Thereareoccasionswhen(onwhich)onemustyield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。Beijingistheplacewhere(inwhich)Iwasborn.北京是我的出生地。Isthisthereasonwhy(forwhich)herefusedouroffer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？四、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句.形式不同.作用不同限定性定语从句用于对先行词的意义进行修饰、限制和识别，如果去掉，就会造成句意不完整或概念不清；而非限定性定语从句用于对先行词起补充说明作用，如果省略，句意仍然清楚、完整：.翻译不同Heisthemanwhosecarwasstolen.他就是汽至被窃的那个人。I'veinvitedJim,wholivesinthenextflat.我请了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。.先行词不同五、as引导的定语从句as可以引导限制性和非限制性定语从句，在从句中做主语，宾语和表语。翻译成“像？一样”或“像”such?as像？？一样，之类thesame?as和？？一样Heissuchacleverboyaseveryonelikes,（as在从从句中做宾语，）That'sthesametoolasIusedlastweek.六、as引导的定语从句和which的区别①which限制性非限制性位于句后修饰整句或先行词Beijing,whichisthecapitalofChina,isaverybeautifulcity.Asiswellknown,heisafamousfilmstarinthe1980s.②as多和被动语态连用，beknown,besaid,bereported,beannounced,beexpected等③当非限制性定语从句是否定时，只能用which。Hecamehereverylate,whichwasunexpected.七、特殊情况只能用that的情况:1.先行词为all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much,等不定代词时.先行词被all,any,every,each,much,little,no,some,few等修饰时.先行词有形容词最高级修饰时.先行词有序数词修饰时.先行词既指人又指物时.先行词被theonly,thevery修饰时.句中已经有who或which时，为了避免重复时例如：Hetoldmeeverythingthatheknows.Allthebooksthatyouofferedhasbeengivenout.ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverread.Wetalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthatweremembered.HeistheonlymanthatIwanttosee.Whoisthemanthatismakingaspeech?只能用which不能用that的情况:非限制性定语从句介词+whichtheway做先行词时，定语从句可由that,inwhich引导或不用引导词。4.当先行词是point,situation,stage等时，引导词用where.conduct(n.)行为(v.)指挥resign(v.)辞职panion(n..)同伴accessn.(接近的)方法；通路；可接近性suitableadj.适合的，适当的；annoyvt.使生气，使烦恼；招惹；妨碍adequateadj.适当的，足够的重点词组inotherwords换句话说cutout切掉，删掉outofbreath上气不接下气sitaround闲坐着makefunof取笑allthebest一切顺利aswellas也，又；和一样好重点词汇ambition(n.)雄，匕ambitiousadj.志向远大的；有雄心壮志的；有野心的beneficial(adj.)有益的benefitv.n.有助于；受益；利益，好处bebeneficialtosth./sb.对有益beofbenefitto对有益forthebenefitof为了(的利益)benefitfromA中受益adapt(v.)使适应；改编adapt(oneself)tosth,适应某物adapt…to…使适应adaptsth.forsth.fromsth.根据某事将改编成beadaptedfrom…由改编conduct(n.)行为(v.)指挥conductorn.领导者，经理，abadconduct恶劣行为undertheconductof在...指导［管理］下resign(v.)辞职；委托，把・・・交托给(to,into)resignone39；sposition(assecretary)辞去(秘书)职务resignoffice辞职resignoneselfto听任（某种影响）;只好（做某事）resignoneselftoone39；sfate听天由命resign.・.to...把・・・托付给companion（n..）同伴makecompanionsof与・••作伴,与・・・为友companionsinarms战友afaithfulcompanion忠实伴侣accessn.（接近的）方法；通路；可接近性accessibleadj.易接近的，可到达的，accessibleto（prep.）suitableadj.适合的，适当的；suitv.合适，适合，相配，unsuitableadj.不适合的，不相称的besuitablefor（doing）sth./sb.很适合（做）…annoyvt.使生气，使烦恼；招惹；妨碍beannoyedat/bysth.因为某事而感到困扰get/beannoyedwithsb.生某人的气annoying令人恼火的annoyed恼怒的；烦恼的adequateadj.适当的，足够的；差强人意的语选修七知识点2Unit2：不定式.不定式的被动形式当不定式与逻辑主语之间是被动关系时即不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示动作的承受者不定式一般要用被动形式。其被动式可以分为两种一般式和完成式。一般式tobedone表示不定式动作在谓语动词之后或者同时发生。Itisagreathonortobeinvitedtospeakhere.很荣幸被邀请在这里讲话。Thenovelissaidtobepublishednextmonth.据说这本41说下月要出版。(2)完成式tohavebeendone表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前。Thebookissaidtohavebeentranslatedintosixlanguages.这本书据说已经被翻译成六种语言。Thebosspreferredtohavebeengivenmoreworktodo.老板宁愿被分给更多的工作做。被动一般式tobedone完成式tohavebeendone.不定式被动形式的作用(1)作主语It39；sanhonortobeinvitedtotheceremony.很荣幸被邀请赴宴。It39；sapitytobekeptinthehouseinsuchfineweather.在这样好的天气被关在家里真是遗憾。(2)作表语Theletteristobesentbyairmail,这封信笺要空邮。(3)作宾语Shedidn39；tliketobetreatedasachild.她不喜欢被当成孩子。Theboyaskedtobegivenanopportunitytotryagain.那男孩要求给他再试一次的机会。(4)作宾语补足语I39；dlikemybedroomtobecleaned.我想整理一下我的卧室。(5)作定语Hewasthelastonetobeaskedtospeakatthemeeting.他是最后一个在会上被邀请发言的人。(6)作状语Hismotherleftthesmallvillagenevertobeseenagain.他母亲离开了那个小山村，再也没有人见过她。.不定式有些要注意的地方(1)感官动词和一些使役动词的不定式的主动形式要省去to但在变成被动语态后需要加上to能这样用的动词或动词词组有makehaveletseehearnoticelistentowatch等。如：Weoftenseehimactlikethat.Heisoftenseentoactlikethat.我们常常看到他那样做。(2)在can39；thelpbuthavenothingtodobut结构中介词but后的不定式省去tOo如：Ican39；t_help_butsuspecthismotive.我不禁怀疑起他的动机。IhavenothingtodobutwatchTV.我没什么事情可做除了看电视。(3)不定式有时