CATTI英语笔译综合能力二级修订版词汇与语法自检测试试题与

CATTI《英语笔译综合能力》（二级）（修订版）词汇与语法自检测试试题与解析35-37页《英语笔译综合能力》（二级）（修订版）2011年9月第二版第三单元词汇与语法自检测试测试一Part1试题及解析Itriedveryhardtorestrainmylaugh,buttearsstartedflowingdownmycheeksandIfferingdefraudingguffawingdeflectingHumanrelationsseemstubbornlyset.Warshavenotbeenabolished,labortroubleshavenot,andracialtensionsarestillwithus.limitedabatedsolvedreduceNosetoftextscanbefullyreliedon;theinformationfromthetextshasbeenanalyzedandbyateamoflexicographers.appraisedapprisedappreciatedapprehendedScientistssucceededintransmittingaskinwartfromawildrabbittodomesticrabbits.Moreover,inthedomesticrabbitsthewartswerenolonger,butmalignant.sluggishineffablebenignphilanthropicTheannouncementwilltherumorsofatakeoverthathaveplaguedthecompanyforthepast18months.A.appendscotchexhortexhaleAisagrillonwhichmeat,fish,andotherfoodsarecooledoverhotcharcoal,usuallyoutofdoors.duetB.伯9tonicbarbecueManyanimalsdisplayinstinctsonlywhiletheiroffspringareyoungandhelpless.cerebralimperiousruefulmaternalAccordingtothecensus,femalelifeexpectancywillincreasefrom78.3inyear1981to81.3inyear2005.frameapproachregulationprojectionAsapolitician,shehastohavetheofinspiringconfidenceinherlisteners.flukeknackfrenzyvenisonWillpowerisn'timmutablewe'reeitherbornwithornot.Itisaskillthatcanbedeveloped,strengthenedandtargetedtohelpusachieveourgoals.traittraitorcharactertemperamentSonsofhigh-rankingfemalesmayremainatthecenterofthetroopwhileothersaredriventothe.peripheryperverserewardingsalutaryHedevelopedahabitofafterdinnereverydaysothathecanworkmorediligentlyintheafternoon.snortsiestasnarlbenefactionTheropebridgeovertheriverwassothatonlyonepersonatatimecoulduseit.precariousstiffbroadtenuousTheauthoritieswillyourlicenseifyougetanotherspeedingticket.evokeprovokerevokeinvokeYouhadthesituationinwhichLuxembourghadmorelistedpublicbathingbeachesthanthewholeoftheUnitedKingdom.luminousluculentlubricantludicrousTwomonthslateracallingitselfthe"NewOpposition"issuedacirculartoallmembers.factionretributionrectorscreenplayInaworldwhereyoucantelltherichfromthepoorbytheirInternetconnections,thepovertylinethehigh-speed-digitalline.tripouttriggerouttriggeroftripoverButwithindustrialization,theHRSisfacingatwo-prongedchallenge:theincreaseinidlefarmlandandthepressingdemandtoconvertfarmlandintoagriculturalcorporateholdings.infullgaleonfullgaleinfullgearonfullgearAlthoughthemembersofParliamentwantedtogohome,nohopeforanearlycouldbeentertained.postponementcompromiseadjustmentadjournmentPhilosophicalproblemsarisewhenpeopleaskquestionsthat,thoughvery,havecertaincharacteristicsincommon.diverseabstractelementaryrelevant答案及解析Cprofferv[Tn,Dn.n,Dn.pr]~sth(tosb)(fml文)offersth提供、提出某事物:Herefusedtheprofferedassistance.他拒绝接受向他提供的帮助.*Sheproffered(him)herresignation.她(向他)提交了辞呈.*Mayweprofferyouourcongratulations?请让我们向你表示祝贺.defraudv[Tn,Tn.pr]~sb(ofsth)getsthfromsbbydeception;cheatsb从某人处骗取某物;欺骗某人:Shewasdefraudedofhermoneybyadishonestaccountan她的钱被——个奸诈的会计骗去了.guffawv(derog贬)[I]giveanoisylaugh哄笑；大笑.guffaw是题干中laugh的近义词deflect[Tn,Tn.pr]~sb(fromsth)(fig比喻)turnsbawayfromhisintendedcourseofaction使某人改变原来的计划：noteasilydeflectedfromone'spurpose/aim不容易改变自己的意图[目的].A/B/D三项词义不对，词性也不对，此处应填不及物动词Blimit/solve/reduce者日是及物动词，应为havenotbeenlimited/solved/reducedabated[I,Tn](formal)(ofwind,noise,pain,etc)makeorbecomeless(指风力、声音、痛苦等)减小，减少，减轻：Theshipsailedwhenthestormhadabated那船在暴风雨减弱接启航了.*Peoplearecampaigningtoabatethenoiseinourcities.大家正在进行一场减低城市噪音的运动.原文出处：Whiletherootsofsocialpsychologylieintheintellectualsoilofthewholewestern大家网，大家的！更多精品在大家！tradition,itspresentfloweringisrecognizedtobecharacteristicallyanAmericanphenomenon.OnereasonforthestrikingupsurgeofsocialpsychologyintheUnitedStatesliesinthepragmatictraditionofthiscountry.Nationalemergenciesandconditionsofsocialdisruptionprovidespecialincentivetoinventnewtechniques,andtostrikeoutboldlyforsolutionstopracticalsocialproblems.SocialpsychologybegantoflourishsoonaftertheFirstWorldWar.Thisevent,followedbythegreatdepressionofthe1930s,bytheriseofHitler,thegenocideofJews,raceriots,theSecondWorldWarandtheatomicthreat,stimulatedallbranchesofsocialscience.Aspecialchallengefelltosocialpsychology.Thequestionwasasked:Howisitpossibletopreservethevaluesoffreedomandindividualrightsunderconditionofmountingsocialstrainandregimentation?Cansciencehelpprovideandanswer?Thischallengingquestionledtoburstofcreativeeffortthataddedmuchtoourunderstandingofthephenomenaofleadership,publicopinion,rumor,propaganda,prejudice,attitudechange,moralecommunication,decision-making,racerelations,andconflictsofwar.ReviewingthedecadethatfollowedWorldWarII,Cartwright[1961]speaksoftheaexcitementandoptimism"ofAmericansocialpsychologists,andnotes"tremendousincreaseinthetotalnumberofpeoplecallingthemselvessocialpsychologists."Mostofthese,wemayadd,showlittleawarenessofthehistoryoftheirfield.Practicalandhumanitarianmotiveshavealwaysplayedanimportantpartinthedevelopmentofsocialpsychology,notonlyinAmericabutinotherlandsaswell.Yettherehavebeendiscordantanddissentingvoices.IntheopinionofHerbertSpencerinEngland,ofLudwigGumplowiczinAustria,andWilliamGrahamSumnerintheUnitedStates,itisbothfutileanddangerousformantoattempttosteerortospeedsocialchange.Socialevolution,theyargue,requirestimeandobeyslawsbeyondthecontrolofman.Theonlypracticalserviceofsocialscienceistowarnmannottointerferewiththecourseofnature[orsociety].Buttheseauthorsareinaminority.MostsocialpsychologistssharewithComteanoptimisticviewofman'schbetterhiswayoflife.Hashenotalreadyimprovedhishealthviabiologicalsciences?Whyshouldhenotbetterhissocialrelationshipsviasocialsciences?Forthepastcenturythisoptimisticoutlookhaspersistedinthefaceofslenderaccomplishmenttodate.Humanrelationsseemstubbornlyset.Warshavenotbeenabolished,labortroubleshavenotabated,andracialtensionsarestillwithus.Giveustimeandgiveusmoneyforresearch,theoptimistssay.Aappraisev[Tn]assessthevalueorqualityof(sb/sth)评价；估价；鉴定；评定：appraiseastudent'swork评定学生的作业*anappraisingglance估量的眼光*Itwouldbeunwisetobuythehousebeforehavingitappraised.买房子不事先估价是不明智的.apprisev[Tn.presppassive尤用於被动语态]~sbofsth（fml文）informsbofsth将某事通知某人:Iwasapprisedofthecommittee'sdecision.我已获悉委员会的决定apprehend[Tn]（fml文）seize（sb）;arrest逮捕;拘押:Thethiefwasapprehended（bythepolice）intheactofstealingacar.窃贼在偷汽车时当场被（警察）抓住.C题干生词：wartsmallharddrygrowthontheskin疣;痕子.题干关键词：malignant（a）（ofatumour）growinguncontrollably,andlikelytoprovefatal（指肿瘤）恶性的,致命的：Thegrowthisnotmalignant.这个瘤不是恶性的.选项辨析：sluggishadjslow-moving;notalertorlively;lethargic行动迟缓的；不机警或不活泼的；无精打采的：asluggishstream,pulse流速缓慢的溪流、跳动缓慢的脉搏*sluggishtraffic,conversation缓慢行驶的车辆、无生气的谈话*Thesetabletsmakemefeelrathersluggish.我吃了这些药片感到困倦无力.ineffableadj（fml文）toogreattobedescribedinwords不可言喻的;难用言语表达的;不可言状的：ineffablejoy,beauty,etc难以形容的喜悦、美丽等.benign（ofatumour,etc）notlikelytospreadorrecuraftertreatment;notdangerous（指肿瘤等）良性的，无危险的.与malignant是反义词philanthropic大家网，大家的！更多精品在大家！adjoforinspiredbyphilanthropy博爱的;慈善的;仁慈的:philanthropicorganizations,egtohelppoorordisabledpeople慈善机构*philanthropicmotives仁慈的动机.B题干生词：plague[Tn]causetroubleordifficultyto（sb/sth）给（某人[某事物]）造成麻烦或困又t:aconstructionscheduleplaguedbybadweather因天气恶劣受阻的工程进度.选项辨析：appendv[Tn,Tn.pr]~sth（tosth）（fml文）attachoraddsth（espinwriting）附力口，添上或增补某事物（尤指文字）：appendone'ssignaturetoadocumen庙文件上力口上署名*appendanextraclausetothecontrac庭合同上增力口——项条款.scotchv[Tn]（a）stop（esparumour,etc）beingbelieved遏止,阻止（尤指谣言等）:Hisarrivalinthecapitalscotchedreportsthathewasdead.他抵达首者B——事止住了说他已死的传言.（b）stop（aplan,etc）beingacceptedorcarriedout阻止（计画等）exhortv[Tn,Tn.pr,Dn.t]~sb（tosth）（fml文）advisesbstronglyorearnestly;urgesb劝告,规劝或告诫（某人）:Thechairmanexhortedthepartyworkerstoaction.主席敦促党的工作人员采取行动.*Theteacherexhortedhimtoworkhard.教师谆谆告诫他要用功.exhalev[I,Tn]（fml文）breathe（sth）out呼出（某物）:Sheexhaledslowlytoshowherannoyance.她长吁着气以示厌烦.*exhaleairfromthelungs从肺中呼出气来*exhalesmoke吐出烟雾.giveofforexpel(gasorvapour)散发或排出(气体)6.D题干关键词：grill(a)deviceonacookerthatdirectsheatdownwardsforcookingmeat,toastingbread,etc(热力自上而下的)烤架：anelectricgrill电烤架*aneye-levelgrill平视烤架*Putitunderthegrillforaminutetobrownthetop.放在烤架下烤一分钟把上部烤成金黄色.*[attrib作定语]agrillpan焙盘.(b)gridiron(forcookingon)(热力自下而上的)烤架.选项辨析：duet(alsoduo)npieceofmusicfortwoplayersorsingers二重奏曲;二重唱曲:aduetforviolinandpiano小提琴和钢琴的二重奏曲*Wesangaduet.我们唱了一曲二重唱.伯g[sing,U](infml口)tediousandtiringjob沉闷而又吃力的工作:I'vegottotidymyroom.Whatafag!我得整理自己的房间.真是累人的事.*It'stoomuch(ofa)fag.这工作真叫人吃不消.[C](Britinfml口)cigarette香烟.[C](Brit)(formerly)juniorboyatapublicschoolperformingcertaindutiesforaseniorboy(旧时)公学中为高年级男生服务的低年级男生.tonicn1.[C,U]medicinethatgivesstrengthorenergy,takenafterillnessorwhentired补药；滋补品.[Cususing通常作单数](fig比喻)anythingthatmakespeoplefeelhealthierorhappier使人感到健康或快乐的事物：Praisecanbeafinetonic.赞美的话有时真让人感到美滋滋的.*Thegoodnewsactedasatoniconusall.那个好消息使我们大家欢欣鼓舞.*[attrib作定语]thetoniceffectsofseaair海上空气的保健作用.[C,U]=tonicwater.[C]（music音）keynote主音.#'tonicwater（alsotonic）mineralwaterflavouredwithquinine汤尼水（以奎宁调味的含矿物质的饮料）：abottleoftonicwater一瓶汤尼汽水*aginandtonic杜松子酒加汤尼水*Twotonicwaters/tonics,please.请来两份汤尼汽水.barbecuen1.[C]metalframeforcookingmeat,etcoveranopenfire（在篝火上烤肉等用的）金属烤架.D题干关键词：instinctn.naturalfeelingthatmakesonechoosetoactinaparticularway直觉:*Thesightofthehelplesslittleboyarousedhermaternalinstinct（s）.她看见孤苦无助的小男孩激发了她的母性.offspringn（plunchanged复数不变）（fml文）（a）childorchildrenofaparticularpersonorcouple（某人或某夫妇的）孩子,子女：She'stheoffspringofascientistandamusician.她是一位科学家和一位音乐家的女儿.*Theiroffspringareallveryclever.他们的子女都很聪明.选项辨析：cerebralintellectual（ratherthanemotional）理智的（非感情的）:Hispoetryisverycerebral.他的诗很有理性.imperiousadj（fml文）proudandarrogant;domineering;expectingobedience傲慢的;飞扬跋扈的；专横的：animperiouslook,command,gesture飞扬跋扈的样子、专横的命令、傲慢的姿势.ruefula.悔恨的maternaloforlikeamother（似）母亲的:maternalaffection,feelings,duties,etc母亲的爱、感情、责任等*Shefeelsverymaternaltowardshim.她对他充满母爱.Dframe/approach/regulation词义明显不对，在止匕不赘述projection[C]estimateoffuturesituationsortrends,etcbasedonastudyofpresentones寸未来形势的估计；预测；推断：salesprojectionsforthenextfinancialyear对下一财政年度销售情况的预测.Bfluken（ususing通常作单数）（infml口）thingthatisaccidentallysuccessful;luckystrokeinagame侥幸的成功;（在比赛中）侥幸击中：Passingtheexamwasarealflukehedidn'tworkforitatall.他考试及格实在是侥幸，因为他根本没下过功夫.*Thatshotwasasheerfluke.那完全是靠侥幸击中的.knackn[sing]skillatperformingsomespecialtask;ability技巧;诀窍:Makinganomeletteiseasyonceyou'vegottheknack（ofit）.一旦你掌握了煎蛋饼的技巧，做起来就很容易了.*There'saknackin/tolockingthisdoorwhichtakesawhiletomaster.锁这门要有窍门，得用些时间才能学会.*Iusedtobeabletoskatequitewell,butI'velosttheknack.我从前滑水滑得很不错，可现在没有这本事了.frenzyn[sing,U]stateofextremeexcitement;extremeandwildactivityorbehaviour极度激动的状态；极度狂乱的活动或行为：inafrenzyofzeal,enthusiasm,hate,etc疯狂的激情、热情、仇恨等*Thespeakerworkedthecrowdupintoa(stateof)frenzy.演讲者煽动起群众疯狂的情绪.venisonn[U]fleshofadeerusedasmeat(食用的)鹿肉:roastvenison烤鹿肉.原文出自1997年英语专业八级考试真题TEXTEWillpowerisn'timmutabletraitwe'reeitherboritwithskiinthtatcanbedeveloped,strengthenedandtargetedtohelpusachieveourgoals.题干关键词：immutableadj(fml文)thatcannotbechanged;thatwillneverchange不可改变的;永恒不变的：animmutabledecision不可更易的决定*immutableprinciples/laws永恒不变的原则[规律].选项辨析：traitnelementinsb'spersonality;distinguishingcharacteristic人的个性;显着的特点;特徵:Oneofhislessattractivetraitsiscriticizinghiswifeinpublic.他有个不大讨人喜欢的特点，就是爱当众责备妻子.traitorn〜(tosb/sth)1personwhobetraysafriend,hiscountry,acause,etc#叛者;卖国贼；叛徒:He'satraitortohimself,iehasactedagainsthisownprinciples.他背叛了自己的信条.词义明显不对，词型与trait相近，为干扰项由题干得知此处填不可数名词，character作不可数名词的含义：[U]（a）strikingindividuality显着的个性:drabhouseswithnocharacter没有特色的单调房屋.（b）moralstrength道德的力量;品格;品德:awomanofcharacter有道德的女子*Ittakescharactertosayathinglikethat.说那样的话需要有骨气.*Somepeoplethinkmilitaryserviceischaracter-building.有些人认为服兵役能陶冶情操.temperamentn[C,U]person'snatureasitaffectsthewayhethinks,feelsandbehave气质;性情；禀性:I'vegotaverynervoustemperament.我彳艮神经质.*amanwithanartistictemperament有艺术家气质的男子*Thetwobrothershaveentirelydifferenttemperaments.他们兄弟俩的性情完全不同.*Tobeachampion,skillisnotenoughyouhavetohavetherighttemperament.要当冠军,光有技巧还不够--还必须有相应的禀赋.*Operasingersoftendisplayalotoftemperament,iearemoodyorexcitable.歌剧演员的性情常常不稳定（情绪多变或爱激动）^A,C,D三项词义相近，容易混淆，需要仔细体味题干语意再做出最匹配的选择。11.Aperiphery（fig比喻）（espinsocial,politicalorintellectuallife）positionfarawayfromthecentre;thefringe（尤指社交、政治或文化生活的）外围，边缘：Theideasarealsoexpressedbyminorpoetsontheperipheryofthemovement.该运动外围一些不大出名的诗人也表达了这些观点.perverse/rewarding/salutary都是形容词，而此处需填名词12.Bsnortn1actorsoundofsnorting喷鼻息；打响鼻；发哼声；（从鼻孔）吸毒:giveasnortofcontempt轻蔑地哼了——声*Shecouldnotconcealasnortoflaughter.她忍不住扑哧一笑.（infml口）smalldrinkofalcoholswallowedinonegulp（供一口喝下的）一小杯酒.（sl[1）smallamountofadrugthatissniffed（用鼻孔吸入的）少量毒品:aquicksnortofcocaine用鼻孔匆匆吸些可卡因.siestanrestorsleeptakenintheearlyafternoon,espinhotcountries午睡（尤指在气候炎热国家的）；午彳爰小睡：have/takeasiesta睡午觉.snarln（infml口）confusedstate;tangle混舌L;纠缠:Myknittingwasinaterriblesnarl.我织的东西都乱成一团了.benefactionn（fml文）1.[U]actionofgivingordoinggood善行；善举.2.[C]gift;donation赠品;捐赠：Shemademanycharitablebenefactions.她作过很多慈善捐赠.Dprecariousadj.unsteady;unsafe不稳固的;不安全的:Hewasunabletogetdownfromhisprecariouspositionontherocks.他无法从岩石危险的位置上下来.stiff明显无关，不赘述broadadj.largeinsizefromonesidetotheother;wide宽的；阔的；广的：abroadstreet,avenue,river,canal,etc宽阔的街道、林荫道、河流、运河等与题干意思相反tenuousadj.thin;slender薄的;细的:thetenuousthreadsofaspider'sweb蜘蛛网白细丝.Cevokev.bringtomind（afeeling,memory,etc）;summonup引起或唤起（感情、记忆等）Themusicevokedmemoriesofheryouth.这乐曲勾起她对青年时期的回忆.provoke与人或表示情感的词搭配，而题干是“you门icense”revoke[Tn]（fml文）withdraworcancel（adecree,permit,etc）撤消或废除（法令等）；吊销（许可证）：revokeorders,promises撤消命令、允诺*Hisdrivinglicencewasrevokedafterthecrash.他撞车彳爰驾驶执照吊销了.invokev（fml文）1.[Tn]use（sth）asareasonforone'saction援用（某事物）为行动依据或理由:ThegovernmenthasinvokedtheOfficialSecretsActinhavingthebookbanned.政府援引国家机密保密法以禁该书.[Tn]（a）callupon（God,thepowerofthelaw,etc）forhelporprotection祈求（上帝）的保佑;求助於（法律的力量等）.（b）summon（sth）up（asif）bymagic（似）用法术召唤（某事物）：invokeevilspirits用法术召来恶鬼.[Tn,Tn.pr]〜sth（on/uponsb/sth）begforsth（asif）bypraying（似）以祷告祈求某事物:invokehelp,assistance,etcinadesperatesituations走投无路时祈祷求救、求助等*invokevengeance（up）onone'senemies求神降祸给敌人.Dluminousadj1.givingoutlight;bright发光的;光亮的:luminouspaint,iepaintthatglowsinthedark,usedonwatches,clocks,etc发光涂料（在暗中可见，用於钟表等）.（fig比喻）easilyunderstood;clear易懂的;清楚的:aluminousspeaker,explanation语意明晰的演说者、解释.luculentadj.1容易了解的;明白的（oflanguage）transparentlyclear;easilyunderstandable2发亮的；光辉的a-flamelubricant形容词润滑性[用]的，有润滑作用的ludicrousadjcausinglaughter;ridiculous;absurd可笑的;荒唐的;愚蠢的:aludicrousidea荒谬的想法.A题干生词：circularnprintedletter,noticeoradvertisementsenttoalargenumberofpeople（送达很多人的）印刷信件、通知或宣传品；传阅文件.factionn[C]（usuderog通常作贬义）smallunitedgroupwithinalargerone,espinpolitics大组织中的小派别，派系（尤指政治上的）：rivalfactionswithintheparty党内的对立派别.retributionn[U]〜（forsth）（fml文）deservedpunishmentorcompensationforinjury,etc（由於伤害等）应得的惩罚或赔偿:jailedinretributionforhiscrimes（他）因犯罪而受监禁*makeretributiontoGodforone'ssins向上帝赎罪*theday,hour,moment,etcofretribution报应的日子、时亥ij、瞬间等.rector（a）（intheChurchofEngland）clergymaninchargeofaparishfromwhichhereceiveshisincomedirectly（formerlyentitledtoreceiveallthetithesofhisparish）（英国国教的）牧区司铎，牧区长.Cf参看vicar.（b）（intheRomanCatholicChurch）headofachurchorareligiouscommunity（天主教的）教区首席神甫（espBrit）headofcertainuniversities,colleges,schoolsorreligiousinstitutions（某些学校或宗教机构的）校长、院长或领导人.screenplay更多精品在大家！http://www.TopS大家网，大家的！n[C]thewordsthatarewrittendownforactorstosayinafilm,andtheinstructionsthattellthemwhattheyshoulddo=scriptDtrip[intransitive]tocatchyourfootonsomethingandfalloralmostfallShetrippedandfell.tripover/onsomethingSomeonewilltriponthatcable.(figurative)Iwastrippingovermywordsinmyexcitementtotellthemthenews.tripover/upShetrippedoverandskinnedherknee.tripout(口)携带毒品外出；服用毒品引起幻觉(或兴奋)tripoutonLSD服用毒品LSD后引起幻觉triggerv[Tn,Tn.p]~sth(off)bethecauseofasudden(often)violentreaction;setanactionoraprocessinmotion成为突然发生的(常为激烈的)反应的原因；发动；引发：Theriotsweretriggered(off)byaseriesofpolicearrests.警方一连串的逮捕行动激发了暴舌L.*Thesmoketriggeredoffthealarm.这些烟把警报器触响了.CI।J：：i.；「||gear[U]particularpositionorsettingofthegearmechanism传动装置的某位置或组合状态；排挡:Thecarisin/outofgear,iehasthegearsengaged/disengaged^车挂上挡[未挂挡].*low/bottom/firstgear,ieusedforstartingavehicleorclimbingaslope低速挡[头挡/第一挡](用於车