2020年6月大学英语四级阅读：学习计算机

2020年6月大学英语四级阅读：学习计算机Thereisnodenyingthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingabouthowcomputerswork,justasweexpectthematleasttounderstandthattheinternal-combustionengine（内燃机）hassomethingtodowithburningfuel,expandinggasesandpistons（活塞）beingdriven.Forpeopleshouldhavesomebasicideaofhowthethingsthattheyusedowhattheydo.Further,studentsmightbehelpedbyacoursethatconsidersthecomputer’simpactonsociety.Butthatisnotwhatismeantbycomputerliteracy.Forcomputerliteracyisnotaformofliteracy（读写能力 ）;itisatradeskillthatshouldnotbetaughtasaliberalart.Learninghowtouseacomputerandlearninghowtoprogramonearetwodistinctactivities.Acasemightbemadethatthecompetentcitizensoftomorrowshouldfreethemselvesfromtheirfearofcomputers.Butthisisquitedifferentfromsayingthatalloughttoknowhowtoprogramone.Leavethattopeoplewhohavechosenprogrammingasacareer.Whileprogrammingcanbelotsoffun,andwhileoursocietyneedssomepeoplewhoareexpertsatit,thesameistrueofautorepairandviolin-making.Learninghowtouseacomputerisnotthatdifficult,anditgetseasierallthetimeasprogramsbecomemore“user-friendly”.Letusassumethatinthefutureeveryoneisgoingtohavetoknowhowtouseacomputertobeacompetentcitizen.Whatdoesthephraselearningtouseacomputermean?Itsoundslike“learningtodriveacar",thatis,itsoundsasifthereissomesetofdefiniteskillsthat,onceacquired,enableonetouseacomputer.Infact,"learningtouseacomputer"ismuchmorelike“learningtoplayagame”,butlearningtherulesofonegamemaynothelpyouplayasecondgame,whoserulesmaynotbethesame.Thereisnosuchathingasteachingsomeonehowtouseacomputer.Onecanonlyteachpeopletousethisorthatprogramandgenerallythatiseasilyaccomplished.练习题：Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:1.Tobethecompetentcitizensoftomorrow,peopleshould .trytolayasolidfoundationincomputersciencebeawareofhowthethingsthattheyusedowhattheydolearntouseacomputerbyacquiringacertainsetofskillsunderstandthatprogrammingacomputerismoreessentialthanrepairingacarInthesecondparagraph“autorepair”and“violin-making”arementionedtoshowthat .programmingacomputerisasinterestingasmakingaviolinoursocietyneedsexpertsindifferentfieldsviolinmakingrequiresasmuchskillascomputerprogrammingpeoplewhocanuseacomputerdon'tnecessarilyhavetoknowcomputerprogrammingLearningtouseacomputerisgettingeasierallthetimebecause .programsarebecominglesscomplicatedprogramsaredesignedtobeconvenienttousersprogrammingisbecomingeasierandeasierprogramsarebecomingreadilyavailabletocomputerusersAccordingtotheauthor,thephrase“learningtouseacomputer”(Lines3,4,Para.3)meanslearning .A.asetofrulesB.thefundamentalsofcomputerscienceC.specificprogramsD.generalprinciplesofprogrammingTheauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassageistostresstheimpactofthecomputeronsocietytoexplaintheconceptofcomputerliteracytoillustratetherequirementsforbeingcompetentcitizensoftomorrowtoemphasizethatcomputerprogrammingisaninterestingandchallengingjob.[C]推理判断题。第 2段提到未来有能力的人应该从恐惧中解脱出来， 第3段则提到学习计算机则就像是“学开车” 一样，只要掌握某套技能即可，故可知有能力的人只需要通过掌握技能学习计算机即可，而不必学习编程，故C正确。.[D]词义理解题。在第 2段中，作者强调一般人只需学会使用计算机， 而不必学会编程， 最后指出这与“汽车修理” 和“小提琴制作”一样，可见作者提到“汽车修理” （类似一般人使用计算机）和“小提琴创作” （数似于电 脑专业人员编程 ）还是为了说明上文的观点，故 D正确。.[B]事实细节题。第 3段首句提到学习使用计算机越来越容易的原因是计算机编程变得更user-friendly,B中的convenienttouse