计算机英语(第二版)chapter16-Artificial-Intelligence-and-Expert-System课件

ComputerScienceinEnglishDesignedandProgrammedByJiangTongqiangMiaoTianshunTeachingAssistedCoursewareComputerScienceinEnglishDesComputerScienceinEnglishII.GrammaticalNotestotheTextIII.WordsBanktotheTextIV.ExercisesoftheChapterI.Pre-readingQuestionsChapter16ArtificialIntelligenceandExpertSystemII.GrammaticalNotestotheTextIII.WordsBanktotheTextIV.ExercisesoftheChapterI.Pre-readingQuestionsComputerScienceinEnglishII.Chapter16I.Pre-readingQuestions1.WhatisArtificialIntelligence?2.WhatcanwedousingArtificialIntelligence?3.WhatisExpertSystem?HowdoesanExpertSystemwork?1.WhatisArtificialIntelligence?ReferenceKey:Usingthecomputerfortasksthatnormallyrequirehumanintelligence.Chapter16I.Pre-readingQuestChapter16I.Pre-readingQuestions2.WhatcanwedousingArtificialIntelligence?ReferenceKey:Inadditiontoexpertsystem,AIincludesworkinthefollowingareas:neuralnetworks,perceptivesystems,learning,robotics,AIhardware,andnaturallanguageprocessing.Chapter16I.Pre-readingQuestChapter16I.Pre-readingQuestions3.WhatisExpertSystem?HowdoesanExpertSystemwork?ReferenceKey: Anexpertsystemisacomputerprogramthatattemptstorepresenttheknowledgeofhumanexpertsintheformofheuristics. AnExpertSystemsolveproblembyReasoningusingrulesinknowledgebase.Chapter16I.Pre-readingQuestartificialintelligence（AI）为theterm的同位语。过去分词短语heldatDartmouthcollege作定语，修饰aconference。而该句中用and将theyearwas1956与后面的句子相连，目的在于强调时间（1956）。1.Theyearwas1956,andthetermartificialintelligence(AI)wascoinedbyJohnMcCarhyasthethemeofaconferenceheldatDartmouthCollege.II.GrammaticalNotestotheTextartificialintelligence（AI）为th该句中as…as引导的结构作状语，表示行为方式。限制性定语从句thatareincorporatedintoDSSs修饰conventionalalgorithms。thatarespecificenoughmostofthetimetobeuseful也是限制性定语从句，修饰results。2.HeuristicsdonotguaranteeresultsasabsolutelyasdoconventionalalgorithmsthatareincorporatedintoDSSs,buttheyofferresultsthatarespecificenoughmostofthetimetobeuseful.II.GrammaticalNotestotheText该句中as…as引导的结构作状语，表示行为方式。限制性定语该句中，goalvariable作theterm的同位语。which引导的是非限制性定语从句，修饰thesolution。3.Thetermgoalvariableisusedtodescribethesolution,whichcanbeacomputedvalue,anidentifiedobject,anactiontobetaken,orsomeotherrecommendation.II.GrammaticalNotestotheText该句中，goalvariable作theterm的同现在分词短语searchingforarulethatcanbeevaluated作状语，表目的。其中，thatcanbeevaluated为限制性定语从句，修饰rule。4.Theinferenceenginecontinuestosubdivideaproblemintoitssubproblemsinthismanner,searchingforarulethatcanbeevaluated.II.GrammaticalNotestotheText现在分词短语searchingforaruletha该句中现在分词短语，usinganprogramminglanguage作状语，表方式、手段。5.Youcancreateanexpertsystemusinganyprogramminglanguage.II.GrammaticalNotestotheText该句中现在分词短语，usinganprogramming过去分词短语developedbyEdwardShotlffleandStanleyCohenofStanfordUniversity作定语，修饰该句的表语Mycin。withthehelpofStantonAxline作状语，说明方式。aphysician是StantonAxline的同位语。6.OneofthefirstexpertsystemswasMycin,developedbyEdwardShotlffleandStanleyCohenofStanfordUniversity,withthehelpofStantonAxline,aphysician.II.GrammaticalNotestotheText过去分词短语developedbyEdwardShot限制性定语从句thatprovidestechnicalhelptousers修饰unit。7.Ahelpdeskisaunitwithintheorganizationthatprovidestechnicalhelptousers.II.GrammaticalNotestotheText限制性定语从句thatprovidestechnical该句中，anetwork-likestructure作adecisiontree的同位语，对其作出解释。之后是一个that引导的限制性定语从句，修饰anetwork-likestructure。8.Somesystemsemployknowledgeexpressedinformofadecisiontree,anetwork-likestructurethatenablestheusertoprogressfromtherootthroughthenetworkbranchesbyansweringquestionsrelatingtotheproblem.II.GrammaticalNotestotheText该句中，anetwork-likestructurethat引导的限制性定语从句修饰firms。从句中，形容词短语necessarytodeveloptheirownsystems作定语，修饰从句的宾语resources。现在分词短语usingprogramminglanguage作伴随状语。9.Expertsystemshellshavebroughtartificialintelligencewithinthereachoffirmsthatdonothavetheresourcesnecessarytodeveloptheirownsystemsusingprogramminglanguages.II.GrammaticalNotestotheTextthat引导的限制性定语从句修饰firms。从句中，形容词artificial[7B:ti5fiFEl]adj.人造的；人工的ambitious[Am5biFEs]adj.野心勃勃的；有抱负的heuristic[hjuE5ristik]adj.启发式的neural[5njuErEl]adj.神经系统的perceptive[pE5septiv]adj.感觉敏锐的assumption[E5sQmpFEn]n.假定，设想arise[E5raiz]vi.出现，发生accumulate[E5kju:mjuleit]v.积聚，堆积interpret[in5tE:prit]v.解释，说明tailor[5teilE]vt.适应，适合supplement[5sQplimEnt]v.补充III.WordsBanktotheTextartificial[7B:ti5fiFEl]adj.strategy[5strAtidVi]n.策略devise[di5vaiz]vt.设计，发明subsequently[5sQbsikwEntli]adv.后来，随后reverse[ri5vE:s]adj.相反的，倒转的inference[5infErEns]n.推论approach[E5prEutF]n.方法，步骤，途径accomplishment[E5kCmpliFmEnt]n.成就，完成manual[5mAnjuEl]n.手册，指南populate[5pRpjJleit]vt.居住在…中sophistication[sE9fisti`keiFEn]n.混合，复杂化III.WordsBanktotheTextstrategy[5strAtidVi]n.策略IIIIV.ExercisesComprehensionFilling

BlanksVocabularyTrueorFalseMatchingTermsSummaryCloze(SummarizingtheText)TranslatingSentencesCollocationAnsweringQuestionsSelectingWordsConceptualPhrasesTranslationIV.ExercisesComprehensionFil1.AIisbeingappliedinbusinessintheformofknowledgesystems,whichuse

tosolveproblems.2.

enablestheusertointeractwiththeexpertsystem.3.

housestheaccumulatedknowledgeoftheparticularproblemtobesolved.

1.Humanknowledge 2.Theuserinterface3.DecisionIV.Exercises—ComprehensionI.Fillinthefollowingblanks.1.AIisbeingappliedinbusi4.Theinferenceengineprovidesthe

abilitythatinterpretsthecontentsofthe

.5.Anexpertsystemisacomputerprogramthatattemptstorepresentthe

ofhumanexpertsintheformof

.4.Reasoning,knowledgebase 5.Knowledge,ruleIV.Exercises—ComprehensionI.Fillinthefollowingblanks.4.Theinferenceengineprovid1.Themodelofanexpertsystemconsistsoffivemainparts.2.AIincludesworkinthefollowingareas:neuralnetworks,perceptivesystems,learning,robotics,AIhardware,andnaturallanguageprocessing.3.Theuserinterfaceenablestheusertointeractwiththeexpertsystem.Theknowledgebasehousestheaccumulatedknowledgeoftheparticularproblemtobesolved.4.Thedevelopmentengineprovidesthereasoningabilitythatinterpretsthecontentsoftheknowledgebase.5.Theportionoftheexpertsystemthatperformsreasoningbyusingthecontentsoftheknowledgebaseinaparticularsequenceistheknowledgebase. 1.F 2.T 3.T 4.F 5.F IV.Exercises—ComprehensionII.TrueorFalse.1.F2.T 3.T4.F5.F1.Themodelofanexpertsyst(a)artificialintelligence (b)theinferenceengine(c)forwardreasoning (d)case-basedreasoning(CBR)IV.Exercises—ComprehensionIII.Matchingtheterms.______whichuseshistoricaldataasthebasisforidentifyingproblemsandrecommendingsolutions.______

therulesareexaminedoneafteranotherinacertainorder.______

theportionoftheexpertsystemthatperformsreasoningbyusingthecontentsoftheknowledgebaseinaparticularsequence.______

usingthecomputerfortasksthatnormallyrequirehumanintelligence.1.D2.C 3.B4.A(a)artificialintelligence (1.Describetheexpertsystemmodel.IV.Exercises—ComprehensionIV.Answerthefollowingquestions.

1.Themodelofanexpertsystemconsistsoffourmainparts.Theuserinterfaceenablestheusertointeractwiththeexpertsystem.Theknowledgebasehousestheaccumulatedknowledgeoftheparticularproblemtobesolved.Theinferenceengineprovidesthereasoningabilitythatinterpretsthecontentsoftheknowledgebase.Theexpertandtheknowledgeengineerusethedevelopmentenginetocreatetheexpertsystem.1.Describetheexpertsystem2.Describethefunctionofuserinterface.IV.Exercises—ComprehensionIV.Answerthefollowingquestions.

2.Theuserinterfaceenablesthemanagertoenterinstructionsandinformationintotheexpertsystemandtoreceiveinformationfromit.Theinstructionsspecifytheparametersthatguidetheexpertsystemthroughitsreasoningprocessing.Theinformationisintheformofvaluesassignedtocertainvariables.2.Describethefunctionofus3.ComparingtheadvantageanddisadvantageofExpertSystem.IV.Exercises—ComprehensionIV.Answerthefollowingquestions.

3.Expertsystemshellshavebroughtartificialintelligencewithinthereachoffirmsthatdonothavetheresourcesnecessarytodeveloptheirownsystemsusingprogramminglanguages.[9]Inthebusinessarea,expertsystemshellsarethemostpopularwayforfirmstoimplementknowledge-basedsystems.3.ComparingtheadvantageandV.Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.IV.Exercises—Vocabularyambitiousinferencetailorconsistentmanualassumptionartificialreverseinterpret1.Thisbrandoftinnedbeanscontainsno_______colouring. artificialV.FillintheblankswiththeV.Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.IV.Exercises—Vocabularyambitiousinferencetailorconsistentmanualassumptionartificialreverseinterpret2.He’savery________ladandhewantstoplayatthehighestlevel. ambitiousV.FillintheblankswiththeV.Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.IV.Exercises—Vocabularyambitiousinferencetailorconsistentmanualassumptionartificialreverseinterpret3.Thisstatementisnot_______withwhatyousaidatyesterday’smeeting. consistentV.FillintheblankswiththeV.Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.IV.Exercises—Vocabularyambitiousinferencetailorconsistentmanualassumptionartificialreverseinterpret4.Their________thattheirprojectunderwaywassomethingentirelynewprovedtobeuntrue. assumptionV.FillintheblankswiththeV.Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.IV.Exercises—Vocabularyambitiousinferencetailorconsistentmanualassumptionartificialreverseinterpret5.Thewholespeechmightwellbe________asacodedmessagetotheAmericans. interpretedV.FillintheblankswiththeV.Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.IV.Exercises—Vocabularyambitiousinferencetailorconsistentmanualassumptionartificialreverseinterpret6.Thelocalforcesweretryingto________theirpolicingstyletoincreasepublicconfidence. tailorV.FillintheblankswiththeV.Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.IV.Exercises—Vocabularyambitiousinferencetailorconsistentmanualassumptionartificialreverseinterpret7.Thewrongattitudewillhaveexactlythe________effect. reverseV.FillintheblankswiththeV.Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.IV.Exercises—Vocabularyambitiousinferencetailorconsistentmanualassumptionartificialreverseinterpret8.Fromhismanner,wedrewthe________thathewassatisfiedwiththeexam. inferenceV.FillintheblankswiththeIV.Exercises—Collocation

V.Lookatthefollowingsentencetakenfromyourreadingpassage.Justthinkaboutwhatelseyoucan“apply”andfillinthesentenceswiththerightwords.e.g.WhenthesuccessofMycinhadbeenestablished,thedeveloperslookedforotherwaystoapplytheiraccomplishments.IV.Exercises—CollocationVIV.Exercises—Collocation2.Wemustapplyouren______tofindingasolution.ergies

1.Anurseisapplyingsomeme______tohiswound.dicineIV.Exercises—Collocation2.IV.Exercises—Collocation4.Therightthingwouldbetoapplydirectpr______tothewound.essure

3.Theyforgottoapplytheha__________andthecarrolled60ftintotheriver.ndbrakeIV.Exercises—Collocation4.IV.Exercises—Collocation6.TheGovernmentappearstobeapplyingthesamepr______.inciple

5.Hisprojectisconcernedwithapplyingthete_________topracticalbusinessproblems.chnologyIV.Exercises—Collocation6.IV.Exercises—SummaryVII.Choosethebestoneofthefouranswersgiventofillineachblank.Artificialintelligence(AI)iscurrentlybeingappliedinbusinessintheformofknowledgesystems,1usehumanknowledgetosolveproblems.2alltheprevailingsystems,themostpopulartypeofknowledge-basedsystemistheexpertsystem.Anexpertsystemisacomputerprogram3attemptstorepresenttheknowledgeofhumanexpertsinthe4ofheuristics.Theheuristicsallowtheexpertsystemtofunction5amannerconsistentwithahumanexpert,advisingtheuseron6tosolveaproblem.In7toexpertsystem,AIincludesworkinmanyotherareas.IV.Exercises—SummaryVII.ChIV.Exercises—SummaryTheconceptofexpertsystemisbasedontheassumptionthatanexpert’sknowledge8becapturedincomputerstorageandthen9byotherswhentheneedarises.Anexpertsystemoffers10capabilitiesasadecisionsupportsystem.IV.Exercises—SummaryTheconIV.Exercises—Summary1.A.that B.which C.what D.it2.A.In B.Out C.Of D.From3.A.that B.to C.what D.with4.A.area B.field C.expert D.form5.A.on B.out C.with D.in6.A.which B.what C.how D.when7.A.additionB.adding C.add D.additional8.A.could B.can C.will D.shall9.A.applied B.apply C.applies D.applying10.A.many B.alotof C.total D.unique1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.D6.C 7.A 8.B 9.A 10.DIV.Exercises—Summary1.A.t1.HeuristicsdonotguaranteeresultsasabsolutelyasdoconventionalalgorithmsthatareincorporatedintoDSSs,buttheyofferresultsthatarespecificenoughmostofthetimetobeuseful.1.探索法并不能保证其结果如同DSS系统中传统的运算法则那样绝对化。但是，探索法提供的结果非常的具体，以至于能用于大部分情况。VIII.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.IV.Exercises—Translation1.Heuristicsdonotguarantee2.Theconceptofexpertsystemisbaseontheassumptionthatanexpert’sknowledgecanbecapturedincomputerstorageandthenappliedbyotherswhentheneedarises.2.专家系统的概念是建立在专家知识能够储存在计算机并能被其他人应用的假设基础上的。VIII.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.IV.Exercises—Translation2.Theconceptofexpertsyste3.Theknowledgebasecontainsbothfactsthatdescribetheproblemareaandknowledgerepresentationtechniquesthatdescribehowthefactsfittogetherinalogicalmanner.3.知识库既包括描述问题域也包括以一定的逻辑描述事实的陈述技巧。VIII.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.IV.Exercises—Translation3.Theknowledgebasecontains4.Initsmostbasicform,thehelpdeskconsistsofoneormoretechnicalexpertswho,perhapsusingan800number,receiveusers’telephonecallsforhelp.4.桌面帮助最基本的形式就是一两个专家可以通过800电话给用户进行电话答疑。VIII.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.IV.Exercises—Translation4.Initsmostbasicform,the5.Expertsystemshellshavebroughtartificialintelligencewithinthereachoffirmsthatdonothavetheresourcesnecessarytodeveloptheirownsystemsusingprogramminglanguages.5.专家系统框架引入了人工智能，为此公司没有必要使用编程语言开发他们自己的系统。EndVIII.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.IV.Exercises—Translation5.ExpertsystemshellshavebComputerScienceinEnglishDesignedandProgrammedByJiangTongqiangMiaoTianshunTeachingAssistedCoursewareComputerScienceinEnglishDesComputerScienceinEnglishII.GrammaticalNotestotheTextIII.WordsBanktotheTextIV.ExercisesoftheChapterI.Pre-readingQuestionsChapter16ArtificialIntelligenceandExpertSystemII.GrammaticalNotestotheTextIII.WordsBanktotheTextIV.ExercisesoftheChapterI.Pre-readingQuestionsComputerScienceinEnglishII.Chapter16I.Pre-readingQuestions1.WhatisArtificialIntelligence?2.WhatcanwedousingArtificialIntelligence?3.WhatisExpertSystem?HowdoesanExpertSystemwork?1.WhatisArtificialIntelligence?ReferenceKey:Usingthecomputerfortasksthatnormallyrequirehumanintelligence.Chapter16I.Pre-readingQuestChapter16I.Pre-readingQuestions2.WhatcanwedousingArtificialIntelligence?ReferenceKey:Inadditiontoexpertsystem,AIincludesworkinthefollowingareas:neuralnetworks,perceptivesystems,learning,robotics,AIhardware,andnaturallanguageprocessing.Chapter16I.Pre-readingQuestChapter16I.Pre-readingQuestions3.WhatisExpertSystem?HowdoesanExpertSystemwork?ReferenceKey: Anexpertsystemisacomputerprogramthatattemptstorepresenttheknowledgeofhumanexpertsintheformofheuristics. AnExpertSystemsolveproblembyReasoningusingrulesinknowledgebase.Chapter16I.Pre-readingQuestartificialintelligence（AI）为theterm的同位语。过去分词短语heldatDartmouthcollege作定语，修饰aconference。而该句中用and将theyearwas1956与后面的句子相连，目的在于强调时间（1956）。1.Theyearwas1956,andthetermartificialintelligence(AI)wascoinedbyJohnMcCarhyasthethemeofaconferenceheldatDartmouthCollege.II.GrammaticalNotestotheTextartificialintelligence（AI）为th该句中as…as引导的结构作状语，表示行为方式。限制性定语从句thatareincorporatedintoDSSs修饰conventionalalgorithms。thatarespecificenoughmostofthetimetobeuseful也是限制性定语从句，修饰results。2.HeuristicsdonotguaranteeresultsasabsolutelyasdoconventionalalgorithmsthatareincorporatedintoDSSs,buttheyofferresultsthatarespecificenoughmostofthetimetobeuseful.II.GrammaticalNotestotheText该句中as…as引导的结构作状语，表示行为方式。限制性定语该句中，goalvariable作theterm的同位语。which引导的是非限制性定语从句，修饰thesolution。3.Thetermgoalvariableisusedtodescribethesolution,whichcanbeacomputedvalue,anidentifiedobject,anactiontobetaken,orsomeotherrecommendation.II.GrammaticalNotestotheText该句中，goalvariable作theterm的同现在分词短语searchingforarulethatcanbeevaluated作状语，表目的。其中，thatcanbeevaluated为限制性定语从句，修饰rule。4.Theinferenceenginecontinuestosubdivideaproblemintoitssubproblemsinthismanner,searchingforarulethatcanbeevaluated.II.GrammaticalNotestotheText现在分词短语searchingforaruletha该句中现在分词短语，usinganprogramminglanguage作状语，表方式、手段。5.Youcancreateanexpertsystemusinganyprogramminglanguage.II.GrammaticalNotestotheText该句中现在分词短语，usinganprogramming过去分词短语developedbyEdwardShotlffleandStanleyCohenofStanfordUniversity作定语，修饰该句的表语Mycin。withthehelpofStantonAxline作状语，说明方式。aphysician是StantonAxline的同位语。6.OneofthefirstexpertsystemswasMycin,developedbyEdwardShotlffleandStanleyCohenofStanfordUniversity,withthehelpofStantonAxline,aphysician.II.GrammaticalNotestotheText过去分词短语developedbyEdwardShot限制性定语从句thatprovidestechnicalhelptousers修饰unit。7.Ahelpdeskisaunitwithintheorganizationthatprovidestechnicalhelptousers.II.GrammaticalNotestotheText限制性定语从句thatprovidestechnical该句中，anetwork-likestructure作adecisiontree的同位语，对其作出解释。之后是一个that引导的限制性定语从句，修饰anetwork-likestructure。8.Somesystemsemployknowledgeexpressedinformofadecisiontree,anetwork-likestructurethatenablestheusertoprogressfromtherootthroughthenetworkbranchesbyansweringquestionsrelatingtotheproblem.II.GrammaticalNotestotheText该句中，anetwork-likestructurethat引导的限制性定语从句修饰firms。从句中，形容词短语necessarytodeveloptheirownsystems作定语，修饰从句的宾语resources。现在分词短语usingprogramminglanguage作伴随状语。9.Expertsystemshellshavebroughtartificialintelligencewithinthereachoffirmsthatdonothavetheresourcesnecessarytodeveloptheirownsystemsusingprogramminglanguages.II.GrammaticalNotestotheTextthat引导的限制性定语从句修饰firms。从句中，形容词artificial[7B:ti5fiFEl]adj.人造的；人工的ambitious[Am5biFEs]adj.野心勃勃的；有抱负的heuristic[hjuE5ristik]adj.启发式的neural[5njuErEl]adj.神经系统的perceptive[pE5septiv]adj.感觉敏锐的assumption[E5sQmpFEn]n.假定，设想arise[E5raiz]vi.出现，发生accumulate[E5kju:mjuleit]v.积聚，堆积interpret[in5tE:prit]v.解释，说明tailor[5teilE]vt.适应，适合supplement[5sQplimEnt]v.补充III.WordsBanktotheTextartificial[7B:ti5fiFEl]adj.strategy[5strAtidVi]n.策略devise[di5vaiz]vt.设计，发明subsequently[5sQbsikwEntli]adv.后来，随后reverse[ri5vE:s]adj.相反的，倒转的inference[5infErEns]n.推论approach[E5prEutF]n.方法，步骤，途径accomplishment[E5kCmpliFmEnt]n.成就，完成manual[5mAnjuEl]n.手册，指南populate[5pRpjJleit]vt.居住在…中sophistication[sE9fisti`keiFEn]n.混合，复杂化III.WordsBanktotheTextstrategy[5strAtidVi]n.策略IIIIV.ExercisesComprehensionFilling

BlanksVocabularyTrueorFalseMatchingTermsSummaryCloze(SummarizingtheText)TranslatingSentencesCollocationAnsweringQuestionsSelectingWordsConceptualPhrasesTranslationIV.ExercisesComprehensionFil1.AIisbeingappliedinbusinessintheformofknowledgesystems,whichuse

tosolveproblems.2.

enablestheusertointeractwiththeexpertsystem.3.

housestheaccumulatedknowledgeoftheparticularproblemtobesolved.

1.Humanknowledge 2.Theuserinterface3.DecisionIV.Exercises—ComprehensionI.Fillinthefollowingblanks.1.AIisbeingappliedinbusi4.Theinferenceengineprovidesthe

abilitythatinterpretsthecontentsofthe

.5.Anexpertsystemisacomputerprogramthatattemptstorepresentthe

ofhumanexpertsintheformof

.4.Reasoning,knowledgebase 5.Knowledge,ruleIV.Exercises—ComprehensionI.Fillinthefollowingblanks.4.Theinferenceengineprovid1.Themodelofanexpertsystemconsistsoffivemainparts.2.AIincludesworkinthefollowingareas:neuralnetworks,perceptivesystems,learning,robotics,AIhardware,andnaturallanguageprocessing.3.Theuserinterfaceenablestheusertointeractwiththeexpertsystem.Theknowledgebasehousestheaccumulatedknowledgeoftheparticularproblemtobesolved.4.Thedevelopmentengineprovidesthereasoningabilitythatinterpretsthecontentsoftheknowledgebase.5.Theportionoftheexpertsystemthatperformsreasoningbyusingthecontentsoftheknowledgebaseinaparticularsequenceistheknowledgebase. 1.F 2.T 3.T 4.F 5.F IV.Exercises—ComprehensionII.TrueorFalse.1.F2.T 3.T4.F5.F1.Themodelofanexpertsyst(a)artificialintelligence (b)theinferenceengine(c)forwardreasoning (d)case-basedreasoning(CBR)IV.Exercises—ComprehensionIII.Matchingtheterms.______whichuseshistoricaldataasthebasisforidentifyingproblemsandrecommendingsolutions.______

therulesareexaminedoneafteranotherinacertainorder.______

theportionoftheexpertsystemthatperformsreasoningbyusingthecontentsoftheknowledgebaseinaparticularsequence.______

usingthecomputerfortasksthatnormallyrequirehumanintelligence.1.D2.C 3.B4.A(a)artificialintelligence (1.Describetheexpertsystemmodel.IV.Exercises—ComprehensionIV.Answerthefollowingquestions.

1.Themodelofanexpertsystemconsistsoffourmainparts.Theuserinterfaceenablestheusertointeractwiththeexpertsystem.Theknowledgebasehousestheaccumulatedknowledgeoftheparticularproblemtobesolved.Theinferenceengineprovidesthereasoningabilitythatinterpretsthecontentsoftheknowledgebase.Theexpertandtheknowledgeengineerusethedevelopmentenginetocreatetheexpertsystem.1.Describetheexpertsystem2.Describethefunctionofuserinterface.IV.Exercises—ComprehensionIV.Answerthefollowingquestions.

2.Theuserinterfaceenablesthemanagertoenterinstructionsandinformationintotheexpertsystemandtoreceiveinformationfromit.Theinstructionsspecifytheparametersthatguidetheexpertsystemthroughitsreasoningprocessing.Theinformationisintheformofvaluesassignedtocertainvariables.2.Describethefunctionofus3.ComparingtheadvantageanddisadvantageofExpertSystem.IV.Exercises—ComprehensionIV.Answerthefollowingquestions.

3.Expertsystemshellshavebroughtartificialintelligencewithinthereachoffirmsthatdonothavetheresourcesnecessarytodeveloptheirownsystemsusingprogramminglanguages.[9]Inthebusinessarea,expertsystemshellsarethemostpopularwayforfirmstoimplementknowledge-basedsystems.3.ComparingtheadvantageandV.Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.IV.Exercises—Vocabularyambitiousinferencetailorconsistentmanualassumptionartificialreverseinterpret1.Thisbrandoftinnedbeanscontainsno_______colouring. artificialV.FillintheblankswiththeV.Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.IV.Exercises—Vocabularyambitiousinferencetailorconsistentmanualassumptionartificialreverseinterpret2.He’savery________ladandhewantstoplayatthehighestlevel. ambitiousV.FillintheblankswiththeV.Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.IV.Exercises—Vocabularyambitiousinferencetailorconsistentmanualassumptionartificialreverseinterpret3.Thisstatementisnot_______withwhatyousaidatyesterday’smeeting. consistentV.FillintheblankswiththeV.Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.IV.Exercises—Vocabularyambitiousinferencetailorconsistentmanualassumptionartificialreverseinterpret4.Their________thattheirprojectunderwaywassomethingentirelynewprovedtobeuntrue. assumptionV.FillintheblankswiththeV.Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.IV.Exercises—Vocabularyambitiousinferencetailorconsistentmanualassumptionartific