美丽中国(WildChina)第六集双语对照文本字幕

PAGE16美丽中国（WildChina）第六集双语对照文本字幕(2012-04-2108:03:44)美丽中国（WildChina）第六集潮汐更迭TidesofChange双语对照文本字幕从东端的长城起FromtheeasternendoftheGreatWall,中国的海岸跨度14,500公里China'scoastspans14,500kilometres并且拥有五千多年的历史andmorethan5,000yearsofhistory.在这个方面显示了Thisistheareawhichshowsthegreatestcontrast中国的过去和未来之间的差距betweenChina'spastanditsfuture.如今中国的东海岸线TodayChina'seasternseaboard有七亿人口ishometo700millionpeople,居住在科技高速发展的沿海城市packedintosomeofthemostdazzlinghi-techcitiesonearth.然而这些拥挤的海岸仍然是野生动物的一个重要财富Yetthesecrowdedshoresremainhugelyimportantforawealthofwildlife.现在古老的传统渐渐被新的气息所侵蚀Now,asancienttraditionsminglewithnewaspirations,那么在中国拥挤的海岸上还有野生动物的活动场所吗isthereanyroomatallforwildlifeonChina'scrowdedshores?谨以此献给我们多灾多难但美丽依旧的祖国Forourtroubledbutdrop-deadbeautifulmotherland在中国北方的扎龙自然保护区InnorthernChina'sZhalongNatureReserve,一对丹顶鹤正守望着它们的产卵领土apairofred-crownedcraneshavestakedouttheirnestingterritory在一个商业管理的芦苇床残株里inthestubbleofacommerciallymanagedreedbed.数百年来Forcenturies,craneshavebeenreveredinChina鹤被中国人视为长寿的象征而备受尊崇assymbolsoflongevity.它们的雕像被放在皇帝的宝座旁TheirstatueswereplacednexttotheEmperor'sthrone.鹤因此而受到赞扬Thecraneshavecausetocelebrate.幼鹤在困难时刻就象征着希望Thischickisasignofhopeindifficulttimes.丹顶鹤是世界上最濒临灭绝边缘的物种之一Red-crownedcranesareoneoftheworld'smostendangeredspecies.在过去的一个世纪Overthelastcentury,中国失去了近一半的沿海湿地Chinahaslostnearlyhalfofitscoastalwetlands并且大多数改造地是为了造福人类而非野生动物andmostofwhatremainsismanagedforthebenefitofpeople,notwildlife.从现在起的数个月Afewmonthsfromnow,幼鹤和它的家人将面临一场往南方的大迁徙thischickanditsparentswillfacealongmigrationsouth来躲避北方的严冬toescapetheharshnorthernwinter.它们将沿着海岸向前Theirroutewilltakethemalongacoast然而这些海岸已经受到人类活动的巨大影响whichhasbeengreatlyaffectedbyhumanactivity.在它们的征途上Alongtheirjourney,thecraneswillbejoined将有成千上万其他鸟类加入迁徙大军bymanythousandsofothermigratingbirds.它们迁徙的方向横跨南渤海湾AllheadingsouthacrosstheBohaiGulf沿海岸的黄海和中国东海andalongtheshoresoftheYellowandEastChinaSeas,最远甚至抵达中国南海someevenreachingasfarastheSouthChinaSea寻找一个安全的冬季避难所insearchofasafewinterhaven.每年候鸟迁徙已持续了数千年之久Theannualbirdmigrationhasbeengoingonforthousandsofyears.在中国东北海岸的锦屏山HereatMountJinpingonChina'snortheastcoast,存留着人类thereissurprisingevidence曾长期居住过的惊人遗迹thatpeoplehavelivedherealmostaslong.七千年前Seventhousandyearsago,少昊部落的成员雕刻下的神奇符号membersoftheShaoHaotribecarvedmagicalsymbols描绘出他们日常生活得到的重要原理representingsignificantelementsoftheirdailylives.这种岩石雕刻显示出Thepetroglyphsshowwheatsheavesconnectedbylinestohumanfigures,中国第一个有记录的耕种遗址thefirstknownrecordingsofcultivationinChina.因为常年目睹群鸟迁徙的奇观Familiarwiththespectacleofyearlybirdmigrations,少昊人选择一只鸟的符号作为他们的图腾theShaoHaopeoplechoseasymbolofabirdastheirtotem.锦屏山位于山东半岛附近MountJinpingliesneartheShandongpeninsula,是候鸟的一个重要越冬场所animportantwinteringsiteformigrantbirds,即使在今天仍然有鸟群沿着这条海岸线前进andeventodaytherearestillcommunitiesalongthiscoastline并且和当地的鸟群保持着密切关系whoretainaspecialaffinitywiththeirlocalbirdlife.烟墩礁YandunJiaovillage,位于半岛的东北岸onthenorth-easternshoreofthepeninsula,以其传统特色的海藻覆顶建筑闻名于世isfamousforitstraditionalseaweed-thatchedcottages.在早春料峭的清晨Onachillymorninginearlyspring,屈夫妇在破晓时刻出来碰运气MrandMrsQuventureoutatfirstlight带着海民的传统工具——桶和小铲armedwiththetraditionalseasideaccessoriesofbucketandspade.当屈家人朝着港湾前进AstheQusheaddownintotheharbour,一群被当地人aflockofwhooperswans,亲切称为“冬日天使”的大天鹅knownaffectionatelyhereas"winterangels",在海湾醒来arewakingoutinthebay.屈家和他们的邻居在潮落的泥浆中TheQusandtheirneighbourssearchfortubeholes寻找管状的孔inthemudatlowtide,那里意味着有扇贝或竹蛏深藏在泥底thesignofcocklesandrazorshellshiddendeepbelow.收集贝克是颇为流行的消遣Whilegatheringshellfishisapopularpastime,当地人以出海为主要营生themainbusinessofYandunJiaohappensfurtheroutatsea.当老屈站在启程船只的甲板上Astheboatssetout,withMrQuonboard,天鹅并肩掠过theswanssetaparallelcourse.整个海湾是一个巨型海藻农场Thewholeofthebayisagiganticseaweedfarm.人们整天忙于清理和照料海藻叶Themenworkalldaycleaningandtendingthekelpfronds海藻长在巨大浮标舰队互相连接的绳子上thataregrownonropeslinkedtoavastarmadaofbuoys.天鹅只吃长在绳子表面的本地海藻Theswanseatnativeseaweedsgrowingonthesurfaceropes而非更有价值的产物ratherthanthevaluablecropofkelp,所以它们无损经济作物的生长sotheydonoharmtothecommercialoperation.下午当风在海上生起Intheafternoon,asthewindpicksupoutatsea,工人和天鹅退回岸边theworkersandswansreturntoshore.当追求与自然和谐的文化Whilethecultureofseekingbalancewithnature历经远路回归中国的时候goesbackalongwayinChina,在中国拥挤的海岸线很难看到如此和谐的人地关系itisraretoseesuchharmoniousrelationshipsonChina'scrowdedcoast.当夜晚降临Aseveningdrawson,屈家人准备了扇贝theQufamilypreparetheireveningmealofcockles,馒头和海藻做为晚膳steamedbreadandseaweed.孩子们谈话声(KIDSCHATTERING)剩菜被村里的孩子们用来喂天鹅Leftoversaregiventothevillagechildrentofeedtheswans.这给孩子和村民带来许多乐趣It'sfunforthekidsandprovides并未鸟儿们度过寒夜提供了能量补给anextraenergyboostforthebirdsastheyfaceanothercoldnight.天鹅已经利用这个庇护港Theswanshavebeenusingthisshelteredbay作为冬天的过冬地atasawinterrefugeformanygenerations.只要敬重自然的传统还在Aslongasthetraditionofrespectfornaturepersists,烟墩礁的村民和“冬日天使”间的thisremarkableassociationbetweentheYandunJiaocommunity奇妙友谊就会持续下去andtheirwinterangelslookssettocontinue.在渤海湾天鹅村的最东北处OutintheBohaiGulf,northeastoftheswanvillage,一座小小的岩岛为迁徙的鸟儿提供了安静的歇脚地asmallrockyislandprovidesaquietrestingspotformigratingbirds.但是蛇岛亦潜伏着危险ButShedaoIslandhashiddendangers.由于海平面上升蝮蛇已被困在这座岛上6000余年Pallas'pitviperstrappedhere6,000yearsagobyrisingsealevels这已演化成一种险恶的生存方式haveevolvedasinisterlifestyle.每年有10个月For10monthsoftheyear岛上没有任何食物thereisnothingsubstantialtoeatontheisland,因此爬行类动物保持静止以保存体力sothereptilesconservetheirenergybybarelymovingatall.鸟群鸣叫(BIRDSCAWING)当阳光使它们的岩石家园变暖Asthesunwarmstheirrockyhome,这些蛇便爬进灌木树丛thesnakesclimbupintothebushesandtrees.但是它们不是来这晒日光浴的Buttheyaren'theretosunbathe.越来越多的毒蛇出现了Moreandmorevipersappear事实上毒蛇占据了几乎所有栖息地untilvirtuallyeveryperchwhereabirdmightland等着鸟们上钩hasbeenbooby-trapped.“守猎”游戏开始了Thenthewaitinggamebegins.蛇隐藏得很好Theserpents'camouflageisremarkable,但是蛇攻击鸟的时候butsoarethebirds'reactions,鸟的反应同样迅速asthishigh-speedshotreveals.鸟群只在岛上停留几周Thebirdswillonlystayontheislandforacoupleofweeks.但是尽管蛇已经饿了几个月了Butalthoughthesnakeshavebeenstarvingformonths,但是它们实现饱餐一顿心愿的途径theironlyhopeofbaggingamealistobepatient只能是潜藏起来耐心等待andsittight.即便最微小的失误Theslightestmiscalculation也会导致狩猎的失败andthesnakeisleftwithamouthfuloffeathers.蛇只能通过嗅觉寻找失去的美味Thedroppedmealistrackeddownmainlybysmell,毒蛇用分叉的舌头theviperusingitsforkedtongue分辨空气来靠近追逐的猎物totastetheairuntilitiscloseenoughtoseeitsquarry.最后的挑战是吞下自己头部两倍粗的食物Thefinalchallengeistoswallowamealthat'stwicethesizeofitshead.蛇能让下巴脱臼并合理安排食物的方向Itdoessobydislocatingitsjawsandpositioningitsprey使鸟嘴指向后边sothebeakispointingbackwards.对于爬虫来说，充足的时间也很短暂Forthereptiles,thistimeofplentyisalltoobrief.再过几个星期，迁移就要结束了Inacoupleofweeks,themigrationwillbeover鸟群会继续前进andthebirdswillhavemovedon.这可能是蛇六个月中的最后一餐Thiscouldbethesnake'slastmealforsixmonths.但是并不是岛上会经历Butitisn'tjustislands盛宴和饥馑的循环thatexperiencecyclesoffeastandfamine.海也有季节变化Thesea,too,hasitsseasons,沿岸的渔民都知道这个变化afactwellknowntofishingcommunitiesalongtheneighbouringcoasts.在初望港InChuwangharbour,盛大的聚会是新汛期开始的证明thestartofanewfishingseasonprovidestheexcuseforamassiveparty.但是对于船主老赵来说ButforboatownerMrZhao,既有庆祝又有祈祷it'sadayofprayeraswellascelebration.老赵希望通过祭祀海神Zhaohopesthatbypresentinggiftsandshowingrespecttotheseagoddess,来确保他们来年捕鱼hecanhelpensureaprosperousandsafeyearahead顺利安全forhimandhiscrew.同时鼓声爆竹反映了古人的信念Meanwhile,drums,firecrackersandfireworksreflecttheancientbelief古人认为嘈杂巨响能驱赶海怪和坏运气thatloudnoiseswillfrightenoffdangerousseadevilsandbadfortune.台子中间的那个是海龙的象征Occupyingcentrestageisarepresentationoftheseadragon,传说海龙控制着水和天气mythicalrulerofwaterandweather.夜晚风平浪静Inthecalmoftheevening,赵先生和家人点亮了纸船灯笼MrZhaoandhisfamilylightpaperboatlanterns.每一个闪烁的火焰带着一个愿望飘向海神Eachflickeringflamecarriesawishtotheseagoddess,这个传统世代传递着atraditionpassedonfromparentstochildrenovercountlessgenerations.在中国拥挤的海岸线上OnChina'scrowdedcoasts,渔民们必须非常机敏fishermenneedtobeextremelyresourceful.收渔网是一项繁重的工作Haulinginthenetsishardwork,目前为止还没有看到鱼andsofarthere'snotafishinsight.只有海蜇Onlyjellyfish.每年无数的海蜇Eachyear,millionsofjellyfish被渤海湾的水流带到南方arecarriedsouthwiththecurrentsintheBohaiGulf.这种现象的生态学原因很复杂Theecologicalstorybehindthiseventiscomplex,但决不是中国特有的butbynomeansuniquetoChina.海蜇是快速繁殖的浮游生物的食物Jellyfisharefast-breedingplanktonfeeders.近些年来人类污水和精耕细作使用的化肥Inrecentyears,humansewageandfertilisersfromintensivefarming增大了海湾的浮游生物繁殖速度haveincreasedplanktonbloomsintheGulf,提供了丰富的海蜇食物providingextrajellyfishfood.由于过度捕鱼海蜇的敌人和竞争者少了Whileover-fishinghasreducedtheirenemiesandcompetitors.这种现象已经It'saphenomenonthathasbecomeincreasinglywidespread在全球蔓延acrosstheworld'sseas.然而别的地方认为是个问题However,whatisseenelsewhereasaproblem,在中国却被当成机会inChinaisperceivedasanopportunity.岸上Backonshore,四轮车载着海蜇到附近的大商店里mulecartstransportthejellyfishtonearbywarehouses在那里处理后销往全国wheretheywillbeprocessedandsoldasfoodalloverChina.四代人正在饱餐一碗海蜇片Fourgenerationstuckintoabowlofslicedjellyfish,这道菜可以延年益寿therecipeforalongandhealthylife.离开了渤海湾LeavingtheBohaiGulfbehind,迁徙的鹤群migratingcranes,篦鹭和鸭子里边加入了其他鸟类spoonbillsandducksarejoinedbyotherbirds,它们都飞向南方寻找安全的冬天栖息地allheadingsouthinsearchofasafewinterhaven.鸟群的迁徙路线顺着黄海Thebirds'migrationroutefollowsthecoastoftheYellowSea一路朝向江苏省downintoJiangsuProvince,那里有肥沃的农业风景afertileagriculturallandscape有中国最后存留的盐沼泽地withsomeofthelastremainingsaltmarshesinChina.大丰AtDafeng,一小块盐沼泽的就是一只幸存动物的家园asmallsaltmarshreserveishometoananimalwhichisluckytobealive.中国人认为麋鹿是奇怪复杂的动物TheChineseseetheseMiluasacuriouscompositeanimal,有像马一样的头withahorse'shead,牛一样的脚cow'sfeet,驴一样的尾巴ataillikeadonkey朝向后边的鹿角andbackwards-facingantlers.在西方自从第一个欧洲人IntheWest,weknowitasDavid'sDeer,叫它麋鹿以后我们也这样叫了afterthefirstEuropeantodescribeit.在发情期Duringtherut,雄鹿用植物的花环来装饰自己stagsdecoratethemselveswithgarlandsofvegetation这些东西是用鹿角弄的collectedintheirantlers.激烈的战斗决定谁拥有交配权Fiercebattlesdecidematingrights.雌鹿仍然带着去年的幼鹿Thefemalesstillhavelastyear'sfawnsintow.母鹿在发情期也没有给幼鹿断奶Theyhaven'tbeenweanedbythetimeoftherut幼鹿聚在一起andbandtogetherinlargecrhes,只回到自己母亲那里喂食onlyreturningtotheirmotherstofeed.这种特殊的行为有助于帮助它们记清楚好斗的雄鹿Thisuniquebehaviourhelpstokeepthemclearoftheaggressivemales.现在中国仅存2500头麋鹿了Today,therearejust2,500MiluinChina,很明显如果再多也很有限butitisremarkablethatthereareanyatall.在20世纪初期野外的麋鹿濒临灭绝Intheearly1900sMilubecameextinctinthewild,幸运的是一些良种鹿群被当作礼物送到了欧洲butluckily,someoftheImperialherdhadbeensentasagifttoEurope.那些在英格兰WoburnAbbey的麋鹿繁衍了下来ThoseatWoburnAbbey,inEngland,prospered.20世纪80年代40头鹿被送回了故乡Andintheearly1980s,40ofthedeerwerereturnedtotheirhomeland它们在那里继续繁衍生息wheretheycontinuetothrive.迁徙的鹤群至今已经Themigratingcraneshavesofartravelled顺着海岸向南飞行了两千多公里了over2,000kilometressouthwardsalongthecoast.经过了大丰的麋鹿预留区PassingtheMiluDeerReserveatDafeng,它们接近了另一个盐沼泽地theyareapproachinganothersaltmarsh那里给它们过冬提供了极好的条件whichwillprovidetheperfectconditionsforthemtospendthewinter.盐城，中国最大的沿海湿地ThisisYancheng,thelargestcoastalwetlandinChina,每年估计有三百万鸟拜访这里visitedbyanestimatedthreemillionbirdseachyear.(嘎嘎的叫声）(SQUAWKING)刚出生七个月的幼鹤Cranechicksthatwereonlybornsevenmonthsago完成了第一次来回旅行havenowcompletedthefirstlegofaroundtrip它们将会每年重复这样whichtheywillrepeateveryyear.坚强的鹤群能应付冬天的温度Thehardycranescancopewithwintertemperatures温度可能降到零度以下whichmaydropbelowfreezing.但是其他迁徙的鸟类比如濒临灭绝的黑面篦鹭However,othermigratingbirds,liketheendangeredblack-facedspoonbill,就没有那么耐寒arelesscold-tolerant它们将要继续南飞寻找更温暖的气候andwillcontinueevenfurthersouthinsearchofwarmerclimes.(嘎嘎的叫声）(SQUAWKING)在这里许多迁徙的鸟群Atthispoint,manyofthemigratingbirdflocks勉强达到了它们南飞旅程的一半arebarelyhalfwayalongtheirsouthwardjourney.在它们前面还有新的挑战Aheadofthemliesanewchallenge,中国最伟大的河——长江China'sgreatestriver,theYangtze,是许多种类迁徙物种的聚集地andthevenueforaverydifferentkindofmigration.每年上百万吨的货物往来江面Eachyear,millionsoftonsofcargotravelupanddowntheriver,使这里成了世界上最繁忙的航路之一makingthisoneofthebusiestwaterwaysintheworld.这些是中华绒蝥蟹TheseareChinesemittencrabs,因它们长毛爪子得名namedfortheirstrangehairyclaws.它们可以迁移长达1500公里Theymaymigrateasmuchas1,500kilometres从支流和湖泊一直到河口fromtributariesandlakestotherivermouth,他们在那里繁殖后代wheretheygathertobreed.中华鲟也有相似的迁徙AsimilarmigrationismadebythegiantYangtzesturgeon,中华鲟能长到4米长半吨重whichcanreachfourmetreslongandweighhalfaton.近些年来它们的数量骤减Inrecentyears,itsnumbershavedeclineddramatically这是由于它们的迁徙被越来越多的河坝阻挡了asitsmigrationisimpededbyevermoreriverdams.但是不仅中华鲟有这样的境遇Butitisn'tjustanimalslikethesturgeonthatareintrouble,整个长江的生态系统都遭到了破坏theentireYangtzeRiverecosystemisbeingpoisoned.虽然有显耀的清理计划项目Inspiteofbeingthesubjectofanambitiousclean-upplan,估计长江是最大的todaytheriverisreckonedtobethebiggest污染太平洋的单向水源singlesourceofpollutionenteringthePacificOcean.坐落于长江入海口的Situatedrightatthemouthofitsestuary,崇明岛为迁徙的滨鸟ChongmingIslandprovidesavitalrestingandfeedingspot提供了重要的休养生息的地方formigratingshorebirds,人们对长江流域的野生动物的态度不断转变andaplacewhichofferswelcomeevidence这个地方也是个很好的证明ofchangingattitudestowardstheYangtze'sbeleagueredwildlife.几个世纪里这些沿岸泥滩一直吸引许多捕猎者Forcenturiesthesecoastalmudflatshaveattractedhunters,就像金先生一样likeMrJin,他们不断地改善捕猎技巧whohavehonedtheirtrappingskillstoperfection捕获稀有鸟类供上海有钱人食用toputrarebirdsonthetablesofShanghai'selite.40年里金先生一直用一张网For40yearsMrJinhasusedanet,简单的诱鸟和一只竹笛simpledecoybirdsandabamboowhistle来诱惑经过的鸟到他的网里tolurepassingbirdstowardshisnets.(笛声)(WHISTLING)这需要耐心和高超的技巧Ittakesbothpatienceandconsummateskill.但是事情并不总是这样Butallisnotasitseems.像其他许多最好的自然保护者一样MrJin,likemanyofthebestconservationists,金先生现在由偷猎者变为了看护者ispoacherturnedgamekeeper,使用他捕猎技艺来保护他原先的猎物usinghishuntingskillstobenefithisoldquarry.在东潭鸟类保护基地里ThestaffhereatDongtanBirdReserve人们将给这些捕获的鸟测量带环称重willmeasure,ringandweighthetrappedbirds然后把它们释放beforereleasingthemunharmed.由金先生和他的同事们收集的这些信息TheinformationgatheredbyMrJinandhiscolleagues帮助保护了200多个不同的鸟类helpstoprotectover200differentspeciesofbirds这些鸟类每年都要来到这个岛屿whichvisittheislandeachyear.在崇明岛正南端JustsouthofChongmingIsland是中国最大的海边城市——上海liesChina'slargestcoastalcity,Shanghai.上海处于一条河流生物和鸟类迁徙的路径上Situatedonamajormigrationrouteforbirdsaswellasriverlife,现在它正进行一个更大的侵袭动作Shanghaiisnowpreparingforanevenbiggerinvasion.满载着建筑材料的驳船不停的到达这个城市的码头Bargesloadedwithbuildingmaterialsconstantlyarriveinthecity'sdocks,来满足这个世界最繁忙建设之一的需要feedingoneofthegreatestconstructionboomsintheworld.去年全世界一半的水泥都运往中国的各个城市Lastyear,halftheworld'sconcretewaspouredintoChina'scities,这些都是为了人类历史上最大规模的allinpreparationforthebiggestmassmigrationofpeople人口迁移做准备inthehistoryoftheworld.在未来25年里预计有超过3亿中国人Inthenext25years,wellover300millionpeople将从中国农村迁移到城市例如上海arepredictedtomovefromruralChinaintocitieslikeShanghai.从农村到城市的人类迁移Themigrationofpeoplefromcountrytocity在全世界各地都可以看到isbeingmirroredaroundtheworld,andby2010到2010年超过一半的世界人口将成为城市居住者overhalfoftheworld'spopulationwillbeurbandwellers.当夜晚来临时上海就会揭示它的本色Asnightfalls,Shanghairevealsitstruecolours.这是中国最快增长的金融中心China'sfastest-growingfinancialcentre是这个巨大繁荣的中心isinthemidstofamassiveboom.其人口估计超过2千万Withanestimatedpopulationofmorethan20million,上海无疑是中国最大ShanghaiisofficiallyChina'slargest也是最耀眼的城市andcertainlyitsmostdazzlingcity.但他的辉煌背后存在着环境代价Butthereisanenvironmentalcost.上海居民使用的电力是Shanghairesidentsnowusetwoandahalftimesmorepowerperhead郊区居民的2.5倍thantheirruralcousins.这个城市近乎贪得无厌的能源需求Thecity'sseeminglyinsatiableenergydemands得需要17个电厂来提供满足currentlyrequiretheoutputof17powerstations.上海往南城市灯光逐渐暗淡SouthofShanghaithecitylightsgraduallyfade好象我们进入了一个古老的世界asweenteranancientworld.这是福建省ThisisFujianProvince,一个崎岖的地域aruggedterrain由于花岗岩大山的护卫guardedbysheergranitemountainswhichhavehelpedtoforgeandpreserve使得一些中国最古老的遗址和传统文化得以稳固并保存someofChina'smostancientsitesandtraditionalcultures.远高出海边地带坐落着1400米高的太姥山Toweringabovethecoast,the1,400-metre-highTaimuMountains是中国人熟识的“海上仙都”areknowntotheChineseas"FairylandontheSea".潮湿的海风在寒冷的山顶凝聚Moistseabreezescondenseonthecoolmountaintops并与排水良好的酸性土壤结合andcombinewithwell-drainedacidsoils便形成了完美的种植环境toproducetheperfectgrowingconditions适合喜酸性的植物——例如野杜鹃foracid-lovingplantslikewildazaleas.也合适生长山茶It'salsohometocamellias,includingthemostfamousofall,包括最著名的茶树种植theteaplant.沿着福建沿海一带的类似种植环境SimilargrowingconditionsallalongtheFujiancoast使得中国茶叶独享其尊makethisthetreasurechestforChina'stea,其茶产业远可源自4000多年前theheartofanindustrydatingbackalmost4,000years.这个地区最传统的茶树栽培文化Oneofthemosttraditionaltea-growingculturesinthearea当数这里的客家人沿袭的isthatoftheKejiapeople.每天清晨山羊被放养在这些茶树梯田间Everymorning,goatsareletlooseamongtheteaterraces,这是个历史悠久的传统acenturies-oldtradition.看起来好象很奇怪让这些Thismightseemsurprisinggivengoats'reputation山羊去吃这些绿色的植物foreatinganythinggreen,不过茶树并不像看上去那样毫无设防butteaisn'tasdefencelessasitlooks.茶叶中存在刺激性的化学成分Tealeavesareloadedwithbitterchemicals以驱走啃食的动物designedtorepelbrowsinganimals.这对山羊很有效Itworksonthegoats,它们只是吃光茶树外的杂草wholeavetheteauntouchedandinsteadeatuptheweeds,它们的粪便恰好茶树供给了养分fertilisingtheteaplantswiththeirdroppings.惊讶的是我们人类Thesurpriseisthatwehumans却还没发现同样刺激性的化学鸡尾酒shouldfindthesamebitterchemicalcocktail以便让人类根本不敢染指utterlyirresistible.对客家人而言种植茶树是家族事业AmongtheKejiapeople,tea-growingisafamilybusiness.女人们采摘男人门加工打包Womendothepicking,whilethemenprocessandpackit.张女士是一名客家家族的成员MrsZhangbelongstoaKejiafamily她们家族在这片同样的茶园thathaslivedandworkedforgenerations生活劳作了数个世代amongthesesameteaterraces.最精良的茶叶需要在温暖的阳光里快速采摘Thefinestteaneedstobegatheredquicklyinwarmsunshine这样可以让茶叶保留有茶油的香味asthisbringsouttheflavour-enhancingoilsinsidetheleaves.这个可持续的产业使得中国最精美的地形之一ThissustainableindustryhasprotectedoneofChina'sfinestlandscapes和最传统文化之一得以保存下来andoneofitsmosttraditionalcultures.在早上采摘之后Attheendofthemorning'spicking,张女士把茶叶带回家以待加工MrsZhangreturnshometodropoffherteareadyforprocessing.这个城堡式样的建筑在过去Thisfort-likedesignhassurvivedfromatime客家人得以从与敌对的当地部落势力whentheKejianeededtoprotectthemselves斗争中幸存下来againsthostilelocaltribes.每个房子有3到4层Eachhousehasthreeorfourlevels以适合50到250人居住designedtoaccommodate50to250people.最底层是厨房和家畜使用Thegroundfloorhousesthekitchensandanimalstock同时有一条通道通向水井取水withaccesstoawellforwater.第一层房间用作储藏Thefirstfloorroomsareusedforstorage第二层作为寝居andtheupperfloorsarebedrooms.这一些很非凡的建筑已有800多年历史了Someoftheseremarkablebuildingsare800yearsold经历了地震和台风并完整的保存了下来andhavesurvivedearthquakesandtyphoons.当收集一定数量茶叶时下一步加工开始了Onceenoughteahasbeengatheredin,theprocessingbegins.把绿色茶叶变为市场销售的茶叶Turninggreenleavesintosaleabletea最少包含8个步骤involvesatleasteightdifferentstages,包括干燥捻细筛挤压和扭拧includingdrying,bruising,sifting,squeezingandtwisting,这些都是成品打包前必须的步骤beforethefinishedproductisfinallyreadyforpacking.张女士的村庄出产“小黑龙”茶TheZhang'svillageproduces"littleblackdragon",即——乌龙茶oroolongtea,其称呼源于冲泡茶叶时socalledbecauseofthewayitstwistedleavesunfurl那宛如蟠龙舒展的姿态whenwaterispouredoverthem.茶在客家人生活中占据着重要地位TeaplaysavitalpartinKejialife,既是一个收入来源也是一种迎宾之道notonlyasasourceofincome,butalsoasawaytowelcomevisitors它将人们联系在一起andbringpeopletogether.在中国人传统生活中IntraditionalChineselife,即使最简单的一杯茶也被赋以复杂的仪式eventhesimplestcupofteaispouredwithanintricateamountofritual.在过去Inthepast,客家人的其他主要收入来自运送像茶叶一样的货物theKejiapeople'sothermainincomecamefromtransportinggoodsliketea穿越变幻莫测的山川和河流入口acrossthetreacheroustopographyofmountainsandriverestuaries.他们的运输路线在1059年变得轻松易行Theirroutewassuddenlymadeeasierwhen,in1059,一切归于这座名桥的建造thisremarkablebridgewasbuilt.它的桥面由重达10吨的花岗岩架设而成Madefrommassive10-tonslabsofgranite,是中国不太知名的建筑奇葩之一itisoneofChina'slesser-knownarchitecturalgems.洛阳桥历经地震狂潮风采依旧LuoyangBridgehaswithstoodearthquakesandtempestuoustides.被称为“万安渡”的Knownas"10,000shipslaunching",46座桥墩thebridge's46piers在潮水的冲刷下已经屹立的近千年havewithstoodtimeandtideforalmostamillennium.据当地传说Accordingtofolklore,桥的成功在于有远见地应用了生物工程itssuccessisduetoafar-sightedpieceofbio-engineering.在桥墩上养殖牡蛎之后Oysterswereseededonthepiers利用他们的凝固物可以andeversince,theirconcretionshavehelpedcement将花岗岩胶合凝结起来thegraniteblockstogether.如今惠安的女人们仍用传统的Today,oystersarestillcultivatedhere方法在这里养殖牡蛎inthetraditionalwaybyHui'anwomen.屹立在桥下的泥滩之中的岩石Stonesarestoodinthemudflatsbelowthebridge可以使牡蛎附着生长toencouragetheoysterstogrow.如今当地人主要用洛阳桥来LuoyangBridgeisnowmainl