专业外语词汇

1.2Wordsandexpressionabsorbvt.吸收anthern.花药axiln.腋bladen.叶片bluntadj.钝的budn.芽bushn.灌木bushyadj.灌木状的carpeln.心皮clovern.三叶草droopvi.,vt下垂、低垂embryon.胚featheryadj.羽毛状的femalen.雌性fertilizationn.授粉fertilizevt.授粉，受精filamentn.花丝filamentn.花丝floatvi.漂浮forkvt.耙，叉起gameten.配子gardenern.园林工人，园丁grainn.粒，颗粒hedgen.树篱hindadj.后部的hiven.蜂房hollyn.冬青indeedad.实际上、（强调）确实insectn.昆虫leafletn.小叶loosenvt.弄松，使松开malen.雄性nectarn.花蜜netn.网，网状的paralleladj.平行的petaln.花瓣pollenn.花粉粒pollinatevi.传粉，授粉pollinationn.传粉，授粉proteinn.蛋白质queenn.蜂王reproducevt.vi.生殖，繁殖reproductionn.生殖，繁殖ridgen.脊ripenvt.,vi成熟rootvt.扎根，生根n.根scentn.香味sexn.性sexualadj.有性的，性的shootn.条，枝，枝条，苗skeletonn.骨架，（叶片的）脉络，筋spidern.蜘蛛stamenn.雄蕊stemn.茎stickyadj.粘性的stigman.柱头strawberryn.草莓stylen.花柱sugaryadj.含糖的，甜的toothedadj.有齿的，锯齿状的uprootvt.连根拔起veinn.叶脉weedn.杂草v.除草willown.柳edgeoftheleaf叶缘falloff下降、跌落；离开、疏远；衰退、堕落forkovertheground耙地hangout把上身伸出leafblade叶片leafstalk叶柄mainvein主脉，主叶脉rundown跑下来（隐含贯穿）、下乡；（钟表）停止；sidebud侧芽simpleleaf单叶1.1.2相关重要词汇与词组解析

root的相关词汇与词组解析：adventitiousroot不定根aerialroot气生根exrootnutrition根外施肥Inroot根内的radicle(corcle)胚根rhizo-根的rhizobia(legumebacterium)根瘤菌rhizocorm根状球茎corm球茎rhizoplane根面rhizoplast根丝体rhizosphere根际（围）rootknot（线虫）根瘤（病）rootnodule根瘤nodule小结节、小瘤nodular,nodulated小节的、小结的node节、结、瘤lymph～淋巴结rootparasitism根寄生parasitism寄生（现象）parasite寄生虫（菌、物）parasitic(al)寄生的、寄生引起的;～bacteria寄生细菌fungiparasiticide杀寄生真菌药rootpressure根压rootpressure根压rootsecretion根系分泌物rootsheath根鞘rootstalk初生主根rootstock根状茎rootsystem根系roottip根尖roottrace根迹roottuber块根roottubercle根瘤tubercle小块茎、小瘤小结tubercularaj.tuberculosis结核病rootlet小（细）根root-shootratio根冠比root-stemtransitionzone(region)根茎过度区secondaryroot次生根tuber块茎tubercrops块茎作物1.4构词法解析in-不、非、在内

inactive不活动的inadaptation不适应inadhering不附着的inborn先天的inbred近亲交配inbreedingline自交系incomplete不完全的indefinite无限的~infloresence无限花序indirect间接的infertility不育（性）inodorous无气味的inorganic无机的insoluble不溶解的instipulate无托叶的-ism现象、主义、性（同-ity）

capitalism资本主义heliotropism向光性helio-日、太阳hygrotropism向湿性hygro-湿气、湿isomerism同分异构现象iso-等、同parasitism寄生（现象）phototropism向光性thermoperoidism温周期现象thermo-温、热out-（在、向）外、远、超、胜过outbreak爆发、突然蔓延outbreeding远交、远系繁殖outburst爆发、爆炸、脉冲outcross远（缘杂）交outdate使过时outdated过时的、陈旧的outflux外向通量outgrowth瘤、派生物outlander外国人、外来者outlay外置、移补outline轮廓output排出量、产出物outroot连根拔起、根绝、灭绝outset开端、开头re-重、再、反、回reabsorption重吸收reagent试剂、反应物rearrange（基因）重排rebound回跳、弹回recurrent回归的、复发的refreshment更新regenerate再生reimplantation再植入术、复植法reincorporation再掺入reinfection再感染、再传染reinoculation再接种remotabola再变态motabola变态类remigration再迁移、返回迁移renaturation复活、复原reoxidation再氧化restitution再组建resynthesis再合成reunion（断裂）复合、再联合revaccination再接种thermo-构词thermodynamics热力学thermocolor色温标度thermoconductivity导热性thermogenicbacteria产热细菌thermocouple热电偶thermophase温防段(春化阶段)thermorhythm温度节律rhythmic节律的rhythmicity节律性rhythmicrespirationrhythmiccontraction节律收缩rhythmogenesis节律发生photo-

photobacteria发光细菌photobattery光电池photochemistry光化学photometer光度计photomicrograph显微照相显微照片photoperiodicity光周期现象photoperiodismphotophase光照阶段photosynthesis光合作用photosyntheticchain光合链photosyntheticmembrance光合膜photosyntheticphotophosphorylation光合磷酸化photosyntheticsystem光合系统cryo-cryo-寒冷冻结cryoalgae冰雪藻类cryobiology低温生物学cryodamage冷冻损伤cryometer低温计低温温度表cryomicroscope低温显微镜cryophyte冰雪植物cryoscope冰点测定器entomo-昆虫entomographyentomology昆虫学entomological昆虫学的entomologist昆虫学家entomogamy虫媒花entomophila虫媒entomophile虫媒植物entomosis昆虫寄生病entomophilousentomopollination虫媒传粉nitro-，halo-nitro-硝基(nitrogen氮)nitrobacteria硝化细菌nitrocellulose硝化纤维halo-盐halophyte盐生植物halomorphism盐生形态haloeremion盐藻halobios海洋生物halobiotic海洋生物的、盐生的Wordsandexpressionstakeover盛行起来、接管、接收、颠覆prevent抑制、防止frombeginningtogrow整个生育过程中（frombeginningtoend从头至尾、自始至终）。take(strike)root生根、扎根herbicide除草剂（=weedkiller）astrazine阿特拉津metolachlor乙草胺broadleaved阔叶的velvet绒状的pigweed苋属植物、黎lambsquarter羊草crab(酸苹果类)grassfoxtail狐尾状植物（看麦娘、狗尾草）emergence出现、突出体、[动]羽化pre-emergence（播后）苗前UnitedStatedepartmentofAgriculture美国农业部hectare(ha,hm2)公顷WeedScienceLaboratory杂草科学实验室Vetsville威特斯韦尔[马里兰州（Maryland）城市]morethan多（高）于nomorethan仅仅、只是构词法解析-cideacaricide杀螨剂anthericide杀雄剂aphicide杀蚜剂ascaricide杀蛔虫药avicide杀鸟剂bactericide杀细菌剂biocide杀生剂biopesticide生物农药fungicide杀（真）菌剂(或药)helminthicide杀蠕虫剂herbicide除草剂insecticide杀虫剂larvicide杀幼虫剂microbicide杀微生物剂mosquitocide杀蚊剂mothicide杀蛾剂miticide杀螨剂nematicide杀线虫剂nematocide杀线虫剂ovicide杀卵剂parasiticide杀寄生物剂pesticide农药raticide杀鼠剂spermatocide杀精子剂sporicide杀孢子剂vermicide杀蠕虫剂weedicide除莠(草)剂Wordsandexpressions（1）lethal致死的lethalfactor致死因子；lethalgene致死基因；lethaldose致死（剂）量；lethalindex致死系数；lethalagent致死剂；lethalconcentration致死浓度。agent剂、代理人。agency代理处。TheHsinhua~新华（通讯）社。（2）locate定位（3）identify识别（4）move转移（5）foodcrops粮食作物fieldcrops大田作物、commercialcrops经济作物（6）fromone····toanother从（一个）···到（另一个）···（7）cornearworm玉米螟（8）comeupwith发现出现（9）insectpest昆虫类害虫(10)teamupwith与…..协作（合作）(12)OhioState俄亥俄州(13)browning褐变(14)acoupleof一对、三两个、一系列(15)USDA’sAgriculturalResearchService美国农业部的农业研究所Service所、社、馆、部ChinaTravel~中国旅行社Diplomatic~外交部TheConsular~领事馆(16)onething…..theotherthing(foronething….foranother)首先..再者、不但..而且(17)toxic毒的、有毒的、中毒的toxicant毒药toxication中毒toxicgas毒气toxicdosage中毒剂量nervoustoxicgas神经毒气(18)quinone醌(19)Carbohydrate碳水化合物(20)stuffVt.填充、填满n材料、原料、素质、废话~andnonsense胡说八道(21)feasible可行的feasibly可行地feasibility可行性TypesofCornaleuronen.糊粉Argentinan.阿根廷calicon.印花布adj.（有）花的caramelizevi.焦糖化cerealn.谷物、谷类cobn.玉米穗crownn.冠、顶部cultivarn.品种、栽培种ear（=spike）n.（谷）穗、复穗状花序endospermn.胚乳enterprise企业flaken.絮片、薄片flakyadj.絮片的、薄片的flintn.火石、打火石、硬~wheat硬粒小麦flintyadj.（象火石）坚硬的gardenern.园丁grindvt.磨、研（碎）~er研磨机、粉碎机hookedadj.具钩的hulln.外壳、谷壳、皮、荚~less无壳的huskn.外壳、外果壳immaturevi.未成熟kerneln.核、仁（果实）；原子核；谷粒、种子pericarpn.果皮；囊果皮；子实体包被、子实果carp心皮、果实、子实体podn.荚果primarilyn.原始地，最初地profuselyadv.大量地、非常丰富地pronouncevt.断言、声称shrinkagen.收缩、皱缩slenderadj.细长的spoilagen.变坏、腐败tillern.vt.分蘖variegateadj.杂色的、斑驳的weeviln.象甲;象鼻虫wrinklen.皱、皱纹vi.,vt.起皱UnitedStates美国grassfamily禾本科kernelcharacteristics籽粒性状dentcorn马齿玉米flintcorn硬粒玉米sweetcorn甜玉米popcorn爆玉米flourcorn粉质玉米podcorn有稃玉米softstarch软质淀粉、粉质淀粉hybridcultivar杂交种earlymaturingcultivar早熟种mediummaturingcultivar中熟种late-maturingcultivar晚熟种tropicalarea热带地区cornweevil玉米象甲canningindustry罐头工业flakystarch薄层淀粉aleuronelayer糊粉层pearlcultivar珍珠种ricecultivar米粒（形）种softcorn软玉米、粉质玉米becomprisedof由∙∙∙组成、包含beenclosedwith(in)被∙∙∙包围(裹)Comparewith与∙∙∙∙比较dryout干燥preferfor愿意、喜欢①graincrop谷类作物millet谷子（小米）grainstrawratio谷草比wheat小麦barley大麦barleymalt大麦芽oat(Avena拉)燕麦rye黑麦rice水稻ricehull稻壳ricestraw稻草ricepolishing米糠corn（maize）玉米glutinousrice糯米corncob玉米芯glutinouscorn糯玉米specialcorn特用玉米sweetcorn甜玉米erumpent（pop）corn爆裂玉米high-lysinecorn高赖氨酸玉米sorghum高粱buckwheat荞麦②beancropsoybean大豆mungbean绿豆broadbeans蚕豆pea豌豆blacksoybean黑大豆greensoybean绿大豆(red)bean小豆peanut花生③fibercropcotton棉花cottonboll棉桃bollworm棉铃虫flax亚麻caster蓖麻jute黄麻hemp大麻roottubercle根瘤tubercle小块茎、小瘤小结tubercularaj.tuberculate=tuberculated有结节的tuberculosis结核病rhizobia(legumebacterium)根瘤菌rhizo根的-rhizoplane根面rhizoplast根丝体rhizosphere根际（围）rhizocorm根状球茎corm球茎radicle(corcle)胚根coleoptile胚芽鞘exrootnutrition根外施肥inrootsecondaryroot次生根aerialroot气生根secretory分泌的、促进分泌的，~lysecretary秘书secretariat(e)秘书处、书记处rootpressure根压rootsecretion根系分泌物Secretion藏匿、分泌（物）secreteVt.藏匿、分泌secretaj.秘密的、隐藏的rootsheath根鞘rootstalk初生主根root-shootratio根冠比rootstock根状茎Stock树干、根状茎；原料、Paper~造纸原料common~普通股root-stemtransitionzone(region)根茎过度区rootsystem根系roottip根尖roottrace根迹floral花的～designs花卉图案～ly象花地、花地flori-（构词前缀）花、象花petal花瓣petaline花瓣的petal-shaped（petal-like）花瓣状的floralshoot花柄floralanatomy花部解剖floral（flower）formula花程式、花公式floralinitiation花的发端（起源）calyx(calix)花萼calcinus花萼的floralmeristem花分生组织pollen(antherdust,dust)花粉pollenosis花粉病corolla,corol,anthus花冠floraldisc花盘floweringphase,bloomingdate,floweringseason花期pollenabortion花粉败育pollensterility花粉不育pollenplate花粉板pollenspore花粉孢子pollengermination花粉发芽pollentube花粉管pollengrain花粉粒pollensac花粉囊pollensegregation花粉分离floralbud花芽anther花药flowerprimordium花原基floralaxis花轴stamen雄蕊staminal雄蕊的~column雄蕊柱pistil雌蕊pistillatepistilary雌蕊的ovary子房~wall子房壁locule子房室floriated花形的Floriculture花卉栽培pollenanalysis花粉分析pollenculture花粉培养carpo---（构词单位）果实carpology果实分类学carpophyll(carpophyl)大孢子叶carpogonium果胞carpospore果孢子fruit果实fruitjuice果汁(jelly)果子冻fruitstalk果柄fruitsugar果糖legume,pod荚（果）leguminous荚（果）的podrot荚果腐病podlike荚状的grain,cerio,cereum颖果glume(glum愁闷的)颖片glumaneous颖片的carpospore果孢子-spore孢子（后缀）spore-mothercell孢子母细胞sporesuspension孢子悬液sporo-sporpderm（孢子）构词前缀sporogeneesis孢壁sporogenouscell造孢细胞sporogeneoustissue造孢组织floralmeristem花分生组织pollen(antherdust,dust)花粉pollenosis花粉病corolla,corol,anthus花冠floraldisc花盘floweringphase,bloomingdate,floweringseason花期pollenabortion花粉败育pollensterility花粉不育pollenplate花粉板pollenspore花粉孢子pollengermination花粉发芽pollentube花粉管pollengrain花粉粒pollensac花粉囊pollensegregation花粉分离Carop-构词前缀Carpophy大孢子叶--phyll(构词后缀)叶（也可作为前缀）Phyllade鳞状叶Phyary苞片Phyllite叶化石phyllo—叶phylloyenetic生叶的phyllophore顶叶芽phyllorhize叶状根phtobiochemistry蕨类植物Phtocoenogenesis植物群落发生学phyticide除草剂phytocoenosiumphytocommunity植物群落phytoecology植物生态学phytogeography植物地理学phytohormone植物激素Phytopathology植物病理学phytotrone人工气候室seed种子seedtreatment种子处理Seedengineering种子工程purityofseed种子纯度Purificationofseed种子精选Seedvitality种子活力seedtesting种子检验certificationofseed种子鉴定seedvigor种子生活力seedsterilization种子消毒seedlongevity种子寿命seeddormancy种子休眠seedplant种子植物seedculture种子培养seedstem种茎seedtuber种块seedage种龄seedcoat(vessel),testa种皮hilum,hylum,hylusgerminaldisc种脐germplasm种质germplasmstorage种质贮存bacterization种子拌菌spermology种子学seminal种子的seminalroot种子根seminification种子繁殖intersminal种间的intraseminal种内的extraseminal种外的species(stirpes)种speciesimmunity种子免疫speciesisolation种子隔离specific种子的specificadmixyure种子混杂specificname种名specifictype种型interspecific种间的~(species)hybridzation(crossing)种间杂交~competition种间竞争~difference种间差异~relationship种间关系~selection种间选择~hybrid种间杂种~grafting种间嫁接intraspecific种内的~combat种内斗争~relationship种内关系~selection种内选择~crossing种内杂交inter在…中（间内）相互interactn.插曲，幕间休息vi.互相利用interactant相互作用物，化学反应物interaction相互作用干扰interactive相互作用的，相互影响的interbreadvi.vt.品种间杂交intercede说情，调节cede割让放弃intercessoryaj.调节的intercessionn.调节，说Intercommunicate互相联系，互通intercommunication互相通信interchangevi.vt.互换interchangeableinterchangeablyinterchangeabilityinterchangenessintercity城市间的，市际的anIntercitybus市际公共汽车Intercellular胞间的Intercellularbridge胞间桥intercellularcanal胞间道intercellularlayer胞间层intercellularspace胞间隙作物遗传育种词汇Germplasm种质Originofcrop作物起源Acclimatization驯化Wildrelatives野生近缘种Plantintroduction植物引种Geneticintegrity遗传完整性Heritability遗传力Transgressiveinheritance超亲遗传Quantitativeinheritance数量遗传Qualitativeinheritance质量遗传Genebank基因库[fertility]restoringgene[育性]恢复基因Dominanceeffect显性效应Malesterilegene雄性不育基因Mutation突变Biochemicalmutation生化突变Translocation易位Deletion缺失Duplication复制Inversion倒位Compatible亲和Cellularaffinity细胞亲和力Nucleicacid核酸Nucleotide核苷酸Ribonucleicacid,RNA核糖核酸MessengerRNA,mRNA信使RNADeoxyribonucleicacid,DNA脱氧核糖核酸Parentalgeneration亲代Maleparent父本Femaleparent母本Progeny后代Filialgeneration子代Cross杂交Crossbreeding杂交育种Purelinebreeding(selection)纯系育种Hybrid杂种Hybridcombination杂交组合Heterosis,hybridvigor杂种优势Heterobeltiosis超亲优势Testcross测交Singlecross单交Doublecross双交Topcross顶交Backcross回交Recurrentparent轮回亲本Reciprocalcross正反交Inbreeding,closebreeding近交Outbreeding远交Selfing自交Outcross异交Intercrossing,intermating互交Inbreedingdepression近交退化Interspecificcross种间杂交Vegetativehybridization无性杂交Mutant突变体Mutationbreeding诱变育种Compatibility亲和性Incompatibility不亲和性Self-compatibility自交亲和性Self-incompatibility自交不亲和性Crosscompatibility杂交亲和性Crossincompatibility杂交不亲和性Malesterile雄性不育Femalesterile雌性不育Restoringline[育性]恢复系Maintainerline保持系Inbredline自交系Clone克隆Parthenogenesis孤雌生殖Generalcombiningability一般配合力Specificcombiningability特殊配合力Individualplantselection单株选择Pedigree,parentage系谱Pedigreemethod系谱法Bulkmethod混合法Ear-to-rowmethod穗行法Plant-to-rowmethod株行法Emasculation去雄Pollination授粉Crosspollination异花授粉Self-pollination自花授粉Self-fertilization自花受精Artificialpollination人工授粉Mixedpollination混合授粉Population群体Haploidbreeding单倍体育种Breedingfordiseaseresistance抗病育种Breedingforpestresistance抗虫育种Breedingforstresstolerance抗逆育种Intervarietalhybrid品种间杂种Apomixis无融合生殖varietyidentification品种鉴定varietycertification品种审定breeder′sseed原原种foundationseed原种distanceisolation空间隔离timeisolation时间隔离seedpurification种子提纯rogueing田间去杂vegetativepropagation无性繁殖seedlongevity种子寿命Seedmoisturecontent种子含水量Seedvolume-weight,seedtestweight种子容重Seedvitality种子活力Germinationrate发芽率Germinationvigor发芽势seeddressing拌种