《英语国家概况》学期考试题型及复习范围

《英语国家概况》学期考试题型及复习范围考试题型：GeneralKnowledge(40题,20%)Match(10个，10%)Fillintheblanks(10题，10%)Explaintheterms（10个,30%）Answerthequestions(6个，30%)复习范围：I.GeneralKnowledge(40题,20%)1.ThemajorityofthecurrentpopulationintheUKaredecedentsofallthefollowingtribesrespectivelyEXCEPTCA.theAnglos.B.theCelts.C.theJutes.D.theSaxons.2.ThePrimeMinisterinBritainisheadofDA.theShadowCabinet.B.theParliament.C.theOpposition.D.theCabinet.3.isthestatechurchinEngland.DA.TheRomanCatholicChurchB.TheBaptistC.TheProtestantD.TheChurchofEnglandThecapitalofScotlandisBA.Glasgow.B.Edinburgh.C.Manchester.D.London.5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTaBritishnewsagency?BA.Reuters.B.TheAssociatedPress.C.ThePressAssociationLtd.D.UnitedPress,Ltd.6.BigBenwasnamedafterBA.ChristopherWren.B.BenjaminHall.C.BenJohn.D.G.Stephenson.7.EducationinU.K.iscompulsoryforallbetweenagesofAA.5and16.B.8and17.C.6and15.D.7and19.8.TheAnglo-SaxonsbegantosettleinBritaininthecentury.CA.7thB.6thC.5thD.4th9.Between1337and1453,thetookplaceinBritain.CA.WarofRosesB.BlackDeathC.HundredYears’WarD.PeasantUprising10.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?DA.TheBritishconstitutionincludestheMagnaCartaof1215.B.TheBritishconstitutionincludesParliamentaryacts.C.TheBritishconstitutionincludesdecisionsmadebycourtsoflaw.D.TheBritishconstitutionincludesonesinglewrittenconstitution.11.TheUnitedKingdomisalsoknownbyitsofficialnameDA.theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandEngland.B.theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritain.C.theUnitedKingdomofBritishIsles.D.theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.12.WhichofthefollowingisthehighestrankamongthetitlesofEnglishnobility?AA.Duke.B.Viscount.C.Earl.D.Baron.13.isrecognizedasthelongestriverinBritain.CA.TheThamesRiverC.TheSevernRiverD.TheRhine14.ThenorthernmostpartofGreatBritainisBA.NorthernIreland.B.Scotland.C.England.D.Wales.15.InBritain,hastheultimateauthorityoflegislation.BA.theQueenB.theHouseofCommonsC.theHouseofLordsD.thePrimeMinister16.ItisknownthatIrishlandscapeisfeaturedbyAA.bogs.B.mountains.C.grassland.D.rivers.17.WhichofthefollowingcitiesislocatedontheeasterncoastofAustralia?CA.Perth.B.Adelaide.C.Sydney. D.Melbourne.18.TheoriginalinhabitantsofAustraliawereCA.theRedIndians. B.theEskimos.C.theAborigines. D.theMaoris.19.WhowerethenativesofAustraliabeforethearrivaloftheBritishsettlers?AA.TheAborigines.B.TheMaori.C.TheIndians.D.TheEskimos.20.WhendidtheAustralianFederationofficiallycomeintobeing?DA.1770.B.1788.C.1900.D.1901.21.ItisgenerallyagreedthatwerethefirstEuropeanstoreachAustralia’sshores.DA.theFrenchB.theGermansC.theBritish D.theDutch22.ThecapitalofNewZealandisCA.Christchurch.B.Auckland.C.Wellington.D.Hamilton.TheHeadofStateofNewZealandisD（注明：新西兰以前是英国的殖民地，政治体系源于英国，其国家元首是英国君主，答案应为：D，之前错打成B，特此更正！）A.thegovernor-general.B.thePrimeMinister.C.thehighcommissioner.D.themonarchoftheUnitedKingdom.24.TheheadoftheexecutivebranchinNewZealandisDA.thePresident.B.theGovernor-General.C.theBritishmonarch.D.thePrimeMinister.25.WhowrotetheDeclarationofIndependenceandlaterbecametheU.S.President?A.ThomasJefferson.AB.GeorgeWashington.C.ThomasPaine.D.JohnAdams.26.AccordingtotheUnitedStatesConstitution,thelegislativepowerisinvestedinA.theFederalGovernment.B.theSupremeCourt.C.theCabinet.D.theCongress.D27.TheEmancipationProclamationtoendtheslaveryplantationsystemintheSouthoftheU.S.wasissuedbyAA.AbrahamLincoln.B.ThomasPaine.C.GeorgeWashington.D.ThomasJefferson.28.ThePresidentduringtheAmericanCivilWarwasBA.AndrewJackson.B.AbrahamLincoln.C.ThomasJefferson.D.GeorgeWashington.29.ThefollowingarethefoundingfathersoftheAmericanRepublicEXCEPT?CA.GeorgeWashington.B.BenjaminFranklin.C.WillianPenn.D.ThomasJefferson.30.WhichofthefollowingistheoldestsportintheUnitedStates?AA.Baseball.B.Tennis.C.Basketball.D.Americanfootball.31.U.S.presidentsnormallyservea(n)term.BA.two-yearB.four-yearC.six-yearD.eight-year32.WhichofthefollowingcitiesisNOTlocatedintheNortheastU.S.?AA.Huston.B.Boston.C.Baltimore.D.Philadelphia.33.The1920sintheUnitedStateshasbeendescribedasaperiodofDA.culturerevival.B.lossofpurpose.C.developmentinscienceandtechnology.D.materialsuccessandspiritualfrustration.34.ThelargestriverinAmericaisCA.theOhioRiver.B.theColumbia.C.theMississippiRiver.D.theColorado.35.IntheyearofthatColumbusdiscoveredtheNewWorld.AA.1492B.1592C.1591D.149136.ThefirstEnglishpermanentsettlementinAmericawasfoundedin1607inDA.NewMexico.B.Hawaii.C.California.D.Virginia.37.OnwhichofthefollowingstreetsisthefinancialcentreoftheU.S.located?CA.FleetStreet.B.DowningStreet.C.WallStreet. D.BurkeStreet.38.Whowrotethefamouspamphlet,TheCommonSense,beforetheAmericanRevolution?BA.ThomasJefferson. B.ThomasPaine.C.JohnAdams. D.BenjaminFranklin.39.TheU.S.governmentfallsintothreebranches:thelegislative,andthejudicial.CA.therepresentativeB.thedemocraticC.theexecutiveD.theindependent40.ThestateofCaliforniaisonCA.CaribbeanSea.B.theGulfofMexico.C.thePacificD.theAtlantic41.HarvardA.1366.B.1633.C.1636.D.1363.42.WhichcountryisknownastheLandofA.Canada.B.NewZealand.C.GreatBritain.D.TheUnitedStatesofAmerica.43.ThemostimportanteconomicactivityinCanadaisDA.mining. B.fishing.C.farming. D.manufacturing.44.CanadaoccupiesaboutoftheNorthAmericancontinent.AA.1/2B.1/3C45.ThefirstcityeverfoundedinCanadaisAA.Quebec.B.Vancouver.C.Toronto.D.Montreal.46.ThelargestcityinCanadaisCA.Vancouver.B.Montreal.C.Toronto.D.Ottawa.47.TheHeadofStateofCanadaisrepresentedbyDA.theMonarch.B.thePresident.C.thePrimeMinister.D.theGovernor-general.48.isthecapitalcityofCanada.BA.Vancouver B.OttawaC.Montreal D.York49.WhatarethemostimportantnaturalresourcesinCanada?CA.Forestresources.B.Mineralresources.C.Waterresources. D.Agriculturalresources.50.ThedeepestlakeinCanadaisCA.LakeSuperior.B.GreatBearLakeC.GreatSlaveLake. D.Lake英国（以下这些在单元后面练习的第二大题中，i.e.Choosetheanswerthatbestcompletesthestatementoranswersthequestion）P165、8P324、5、6、7、10P462、5、8P651、4、6、11、12P821、4、5、6、7、10P1163、4、6P1291、3、5、6、10P1451、2、7、8、9P1632、5、9、12共38题爱尔兰P1832、4、7、10P2031、2、4、9P2232、4、6、8P2412、7、9共15题澳大利亚P2542、5、8P2712、3、5、9P2843、4P2965、7、8P3141、4、6、8P3348、10共18题新西兰P142、3、6、7、8P291、5、6、8共9题美国P482、3、5、8、10P614、5、6、7、8、10P783、4、6、7、10P947P1152、9、15P1305、8、9、10P1471、2、4、6、7、10、11P1668P1841、3、8、9、10、11P2003、4P2185、8、10、11、12P2332、3、7、8、9、10P2524、5、6、8、9、10P2781、12、13、20（无答案，放弃！）共61题加拿大P2943、5、7P3091、3、4、5P3221、2、4、7P3351、3、6、7、8共16题以上共207题。(ThemeaningofG7,G8,G20canbeseenNoteNo.1,p78,BookOne)II.Match(10个，10%)U.K.:1.D·H·Lawrence:SonsandLoversp.952.GeorgeOrwell:1984p.953.WilliamGolding:LordoftheFliesp.964.DorisLessing:TheGrassisSinging;TheGoldenNotebook;AlfredandEmilyp.965.SalmanRushdie:Midnight’sChildren;TheSatanicVerses;TheEnchantressofFlorencep.966.KazuoIshiguro:TheRemainsoftheDay;WhenWeWereOrphans;Nocturnesp.97Ireland:TherearefourwinnersoftheNobelPrizeforliterature.JonathanSwift:Gulliver’sTravelsp.230OscarWilde:TheSoulofManUnderSocialism;ThePictureofDorianGrayp.230JamesJoyce:ThePortraitoftheArtistasaYoungManp.230SamuelBecket:WaitingforGodotp.230Australia:PatrickWhite:TheAunt’sStory;TheTreeofMan;Voss;TheSolidMandelap.263RuthPark:TheHarpintheSouth;PoorMan’sOrangeandMissus;TheMuddle-HeadedWombatsseriesp.263ChristosTsiolkas:DeadEurope;TheSlapp.264AlicePung:UnpolishedGemThomasKeneally:Schindler’sArk《辛德勒名单》p.263,265America:1.F·ScottFitzgerald:TheGreatGatsbyp.1042.O’Neill:DesireUndertheElms;MourningBecomesElectra;TheIcemanCometh;LongDay’sJourneyintoNightp.1053.RalphEllison:InvisibleManp.1064.JamesBaldwin:GoTellItontheMountain;TheFireNextTimep.1065.AlanGinsberg:Howlp.1066.J·D·Salinger:TheCatcherp.1077.N·ScottMomaday:HouseMadeofDawn;TheWaytoRainy8.ToniMorrison:TheBluestEye;SongofSolomon;Belovedp.1089.MaxineHongKingston:TheWomanWarrior;ChinaMenp.10810.AmyTan:TheJoyLuckClubp.108Canada:1.WilliamKirby:TheGoldenDogp.3402.LucyMaudMontgomery:AnneofGreenGables3.MargaretLaurence:TheDiviners;AJestofGod(上帝的玩笑)p.3424.AliceMunro:SomethingI’veBeenMeaningtoTellYou;Hateship,Friendship,Courtship,Loveship,Marriagep.3425.MichaelOndaatje:EnglishPatientp.3436.WaysonChoy：TheJadePeony;AChinatownChildhood;AllThatMattersp.3437.MargaretAtwood:OryxandCrake;TheYearoftheFloodp.344以上共32位作家。熟悉这些作家及他们的作品。III.Fillintheblanks(10题，10%)英国4题：p17(4),p34(9),p48(11),p67(7)爱尔兰3题：p185(10),p204(5),p224(8)澳大利亚3题：p255(5),p284(3),p297(4)新西兰2题：p15(5),p29(2)美国4题：p62(12),p79(4),p94(9),p131(3)加拿大4题：p295(1),p310(7),p323(10),p336(8)以上共20题。以上的句子按照页数在单元后面练习的第三大题中。IV.Explaintheterms（10个,30%）U.K.1. TheAnglo-Saxonsp.3382. SinnFeinp.3393. TheGoodFridayAgreementp.3404. TheConstitutionp.3415. ThefunctionsofParliamentp.3416. MainsectorsoftheUKeconomyp.3457. Modernismp.3488. TheCommonwealthp.3529. Wimbledonp.355Ireland10. SaintPatrickp.35711. Checksandbalancesp.35912. TheIrishParliamentp.35913. Thelawofprimogeniturep.36114. TheoralcultureofIrelandp.363Australia15. TerraNulliusp.36516. DifferencebetweentheDreamingandProtestantismp.36717. WakefieldSchemep.36918. The“Washminster”formofpolityp.37019. APECp.37220.TheWhiteAustraliaPolicyp.374NewZealand21.Thekiwip.36522.Maoritangap.36523.TheNewZealandParliamentp.367TheOmbudsmanp.367AmericathefirstEnglishsettlementinNorthAmericap.368TheArticlesofConfederationp.370Agribusinessp.373ThreeFaithsintheUSp.374Theabuseofpowerbygovernment(impeach)p.383TheUSAasakaleidoscopep.385NBAp.392Canada32.TheCanadianidentityp.395Structuresofgovernmentp.397TheCanadianMosaicp.398ThreefactorsthatinfluenceCanadianeconomyp.400Canada-USrelationsp.405以上共36个。以上这些名词解释在两册书后面的参考答案中。V.Answerthequestions(6个，30%)Question1:ArethereanydifferencesbetweenEngland,ScotlandandWalesintermsofculturaltradition?(p.186)E1)Ofthefournations,theEnglishfeelmostBritish,andthereforehavetheweakestsenseofthemselvesasaseparate“English”culturewithinBritain.2)GardeningisoneofthemostpopularpastimesinEngland,whichisregardedastypicallyEnglishpursuits.Andthebackgardenprovidesaplacewherepeople’soutdoorlifeathomecangoonoutofthepublicgaze.Thismaycontrastwithpeoplefromothercountrieswhoseoutdoorlifemightbemoresocial—sittingonthefrontporchwatchingpassers-by.Scotland1)ThedivisionbetweenhighlandandlowlandScotlandremainsaculturaldividetoday,inmuchthesamewayasnorthandsouthEnglandseethemselvesasdifferentfromeachother.ThereareevenareasinthehighlandswhereinadditiontoEnglish)peoplespeaktheoldCelticlanguage,called“Gaelic”.2)Scottishhighlandclanculturewaseffectivelydestroyedin1745,andtodaymanyofScottishdescentcomebacktofindtheir“roots”,formingagoodtargetforthesellerstoselltartansouvenirs.3)Scotlandhasagreattraditionofinnovationinthearts,philosophy,andscience.TheinventorofthetelephonewasaScot,andthefirstmantotransmitatelevisionpicturewasanother.W1)Itremainsitsownlanguage,Welsh.ThisisaCeltictonguecompletelydifferentfromEnglish,spokenby19%ofthepopulation,amuchhigherproportionofthepopulationthanspeakGaelicinScotland.Again,allthoseWelsh-speakersarealsofluentinEnglish.2)AseriesofgreatstonecastlesstandtodayasoneofWales’greatesttouristattractions.Andtourismisnowanimportantindustry.3)GlyndwrandLlywelynaremorethansimplehistoricalfiguresfortheWelsh.TheyarealmostlegendaryheroesofWelshnationalism.Question2:WhyisNorthernIreland,accordingtotheauthor,sosignificantintheUnitedKingdom?Whatisthepoliticalproblem(1)Intheauthor’sopinion,NorthernIrelandissignificantintheUnitedKingdombecauseofitslong–existingpoliticaltroubles,whichrootedintheBritishcolonialexpansionanditspolicyofdivisionandrule.ThepoliticaltroublesofNorthernIrelandarealsocalledUlsterdisputes,whicharealwaysoneofthemostintractableproblemstothegovernmentsofUKsincetheFirstWorldWar.ThetroublesofNorthernIrelandaremainproblemsof(2)ThepoliticaltroublesofNorthernIrelandaretheattributionproblemsofNorthernIrisharedescendantsofCeltic;theyliveinIrelandfromgenerationtogeneration.However,inthemiddleof12thcentury,theBritishbegantoinvadeIreland,whichmadeIrelandthefirstBritishcolony.IrishhadalwaysbeenfightingagainstBritain.In1921,facedwithconflictingdemands,BritishgovernmentchoseacompromiseandorganizedapartitionofIreland.Thesouthern26countieswouldforma“freestate”,whilethe6north-easterncountieswouldremainapartoftheUK.Thepoliticaltroubles,thus,existedfromthenon.LookinguponthetroublesofNorthernIreland,60%ofIrish,whoaredescendantsofBritishimmigrantsandbelieveinProtestantChristian,claimtoremainintheUK,while40%ofIrish,whoareindigenousdescendantsoftheIrelandandbelieveinCatholic,insistonreturningofIreland.BecausetheUnitypartyandtheSinnFeinpartymaintaindifferentpropositionsontheownershipofNorthernIreland,disputesandviolentconflictsoftenoccurthere,whichmakesthesituationintheregionlong-terminstable.ThesearethepoliticalproblemsinNorthernIrelandQuestion3:WhataresomeofthecharacteristicsoftheBritishconstitutionalmonarchy?(p.481)Thequeenisinthepositioncommandingbutnotadministering.Queen’smostimportantjobistorepresentBritainathomeandabroad;hersecondmostimportantjobistosetstandardsofgoodcitizenshipandfamilylife.ThemonarchyisprimarilysymbolizedthetraditionalandunityoftheBritishstate.ParliamentbecomesthecountryauthoritycentreanditissupremeintheBritishstate.Ithasthepowertochangethetermsofconstitution.ParliamentconsistsoftheQueen,theHouseofLordsandtheHouseofCommons.TheofficialheadofthestateistheQueen.Herpowersarelargelytraditionalandsymbolic.ThegovernmentatnationalandlocallevelsiselectedbythepeopleandgovernsaccordingtoBritishconstitutionalprinciples.Question4:WhydotheIrishhavecontradictoryandevenparadoxicalattitudestotheEnglish?(p.2252)Thereasonsareasfollows:TheEnglishpoliticaldominationofIrelandhaslefttheRepublicwithasecureandworkableadministrative,educational,andjudicialsystem.ItalsoensuresthatmostIrishpeoplespeakEnglish.Besides,mostfamilyinIrelandhassomerelationswiththeEnglish.TheIrishareproudtheydonothaveamonarchy,buttheystillhaveinterestinEnglishroyalhouse.Theythinkofthemselvesascitizens,notassubjects.TheIrishseektodefinetheircultureinoppositiontothatofGreatBritain.ThedeclineoftheauthorityoftheRomanCatholicChurch.TheEnglishinfluencethemalot,thus,Irelandisstillgrowingupintermsofdefiningitsidentity.Question5:WhataresomeofthedistinctfeaturesofNewZealand’sgeography?FindoutsimilaritiesanddifferencesintermsofgeographybetweenNewZealandandAustralia?(p.161)Features:NewZealand,locatedinthesouthwestPacificOcean,isalarge,longgroupofislands,1600kmfromnorthtosouth.LikeAustralia,it’salsoisolatedfromotherlandmassesforhundredsofmillionsofyears.It’sneartothesoutheastofAustralia,about2000kmaway.Thelonggroupofislandsismadeoftwomainlandmasses,theNorthIslandandtheSouthIsland,separatedbyCookStrait.Thethirdlargeisland,StewartIsland,issouthoftheSouthIsland,andtherearemanysmallerislands,includinguninhabitedisolatedislandshundredsofkilometersoffshore.ThelandareaofNewZealandis270500squarekm,similarinsizetoJapanortheBritishIsles.Ahugediversityofphysicalgeographyhasproducedawidevariationinlandscape.TheNorthIslandhasbeenmostlyformedbyvolcanoes.Chainsofmountainsrunnortheasttosouthwest,paralleltothecoast.Amassivemountainchain,theSouthernAlps,runsalmostthefulllengthoftheSouthIsland.ThehighestMt.CookissituatedinthesouthernpartoftheSimilarities:1)BothofthetwoislandsarelocatedbetweentheEquatorandtheSouthPole.2)Bothofthemaremadeupofagroupislands.3)Thetwobothhavevariouslandscapes,likebigmountainswhichextendfromthenorthtothesouth.4)Theislandshavebeenisolatedfromotherlandmassesforaverylongtime,sobothofthemhaveveryuniqueanimalsandplants(floraandfauna).Differences:NewZealandismainlymadeupoftwoislands,theNorthIslandandtheSouthIsland,whileAustraliaisawholebigcontinent.Thelandscapesaredifferent,too.Thelatterhasawideareaofdesertinthewestbuttheformerdoesn’t.Theclimateisalsodifferent.InNewZealand,theclimateismaritime,andslow-to-changeseatemperaturesproducemoderatetemperatures.Manypartsofthecountryhaveextremesofwindandrain.However,inAustralia,differentpartshavevariousclimates.Thewestisquitedrywhiletheeastiswet.Evenintheeast,thereismuchmorerainfallinthenorththanthesouth.ThesearethemaindifferencesingeographybetweenNewZealandandAustralia.Question6:WhataresomeofthesimilaritiesbetweenNewZealandandBritaininthegovernmentsystem?WhataresomeofthepeculiarfeaturesofNewZealand’sgovernmentsystemcomparedwithAustraliaorBritain?(p.301)ThesimilaritiesofBritainandNewZealandinthegovernmentsystem:1.Bothofthetwocountrieshavenowrittenconstitution.2.TheirofficialheadofstateremainsaconstitutionalmonarchywithQueen.3.Theirparliaments,democraticallyelected,haveoneofthefunctionstopasslaws.4.Theprimeministeristheleaderofthepartyinpower.5.Theirprimeministerchooses20MPs(membersofparliament)toformtheCabinetknownasministers.TheCabinetsareresponsibletomakegovernmentpolicy.PeculiarfeaturesofNewZealand’sgovernmentsystemcomparedwithBritain:ComparedwithBritain,NewZealandisanindependentsovereignstate,governedbyademocraticallyelectedparliament.Ithasnowrittenconstitution,itsconstitutionismainlybasedonparliamentarystatues,judicialrulingsandadministrativepractices.TheConstitutionActof1986definestherelationshipbetweenthelegislation,executiverolesofgovernment.TheHeadofStateistheBritishmonarchyQueenElizabethIIinhercapacityasQueenofNewZealand,representedbyaGovernor-General.TheQueenappointstheGovernor-GeneralontheadviceofNewZealand'sPrimeMinister.TheGovernor-General’sagreementisrequiredforanActofParliamenttobecomelaw.Since1950,Parliamenthashadasinglechamber,theHouseofRepresentatives,whichfollowsBritishWestminstertraditions.Importantfunctionsincludepassinglaws，supervisingthegovernment’sadministrationandreceivingpetitionsfromcitizenswithgrievance.Therearecurrently122MembersofParliament,whoareallelected,sevenoftheseareMaoriMPs.MMPRundertheproportionalrepresentationoffersanopportunityforarangeofpartiestogainseats.Formorethanhalfacentury，thetwomainpartiesintheHouseofRepresentativeshavebeentheNationalPartyandtheLaborParty.Officials,workingingovernmentdepartmentsandministries，arecalled“publicservants.”InNewZealandtheappointmentofpublicservantsisindependentofthepoliticalprocess.Question7:WhataresomeofthemajorpowersofeachofthethreebranchesoftheUSgovernment?Howarethethreebranchessupposedtocheckandbalanceeachother?(p.633)Theconstitutiondeterminesthegovernmentanddividesthepowersofthegovernmentintothreebranches:theExecutive,theLegislative,andtheJudicial.Eachbranchhaspowersthattheothersdonothaveandeachbranchhasawayofcounteractingandlimitinganywrongfulactionbyanotherbranch.LegislativeBranch:HeadedbyCongress,whichincludestheHouseofRepresentativesandtheSenate.Themaintaskofthesetwobodiesistomakethelaws.Itspowersincludepassinglaws,originatingspendingbills(House),impeachingofficials(Senate),andapprovingtreaties(Senate).ExecutiveBranch:Headedbythepresident.Thepresidentcarriesoutfederallawsandrecommendsnewones,directsnationaldefenseandforeignpolicy,andperformsceremonialduties.Powersincludedirectinggovernment,commandingtheArmedForces,dealingwithinternationalpowers,actingaschieflawenforcementofficer,andvetoinglaws.JudicialBranch:HeadedbytheSupremeCourt.ItspowersincludeinterpretingtheConstitution,reviewinglaws,anddecidingcasesinvolvingstates'rights.TheConstitutionlimitsthepowerofeachgovernmentbranch,andpreventsanyonebranchfromgainingunduepower.Thisbalanceisalwayskeptamongthethreebranchesandthisiscalledthe“SystemofChecksandBalances”.If

Congressproposesalawthatthepresidentthinksisunwise,thepresidentcanvetoit.

Congresscanenactthelawdespitethepresident'sviewsonlyiftwo-thirdsofthemembersofbothhousesvoteinfavorofit.IfCongresspassesalawwhichisthenchallengedinthecourtsasunconstitutional,theSupremeCourthasthepowertodeclarethelawunconstitutionalandthereforenolongerineffect.Thepresidenthasthepowertomaketreatieswithothernationsandtomakeallappointmentstofederalpositions,includingthepositionofSupremeCourtjustice.

TheSenate,however,mustapprovealltreatiesandconfirmallappointmentsbeforetheybecomeofficial.

InthiswaytheCongresscanpreventthepresidentfrommakingunwiseappointments.Question8:WhyisCanadaregularlyratedashavingthebeststandardoflivingintheworld?(p.2961)Inannual“qualityoflife”surveysproducedbytheUnitedNationeachyear,Canadaregularlyisratedashavingthebeststandardoflivingintheworldbecauseofitshealthcare,education,cleanenvironment,socialwelfare,andsoon.Insize,Canadaisthesecondlargestcountryonearth.Intermsofeconomicpower,itisamemberoftheBigSeven,theworld’sleadingindustrialnations,rankingalongwiththeUnitedStates,France,theUnitedKingdom,Italy,GermanyandJapan.Canadaplaysanactiveroleininternationalaffairs,oftentakingpartinpeacekeepingandhumanitarianmissionsandspearheadingaidanddevelopmentprograms.Itssceneryofmountains,oceans,forestsandprairiesisspectacular.Ithasalivelyandrichculture,withmanyworldfamousactors,popstarsandwriters.Canadaisoneoftheworld'swealthiestnations,withahighper-capitaincome.Itisoneoftheworld'stoptentradingnations.CanadaisamixedmarketrankinglowerthantheU.S.ontheheritagefoundationsindexofeconomicfreedombuthigherthanmostwesternEuropeannations.Canadaisoneofthefewdevelopednationsthatarenetexportersofenergy.Canadaisoneoftheworld'smostimportantsuppliersofagriculturalproducts,withtheCanadianPrairiesbeingoneofthemostimportantsuppliersofwheat,\o"Canola"canola,andothergrains.Therefore,peopleliveintherehasahighstandardofliving.Question9:ThesimilaritiesanddifferencesinthegovernmentsystemsbetweentheUnited