保过二期辅导英语新题型讲义

太奇2013年管理类专业 2012

编讲第一部分：解Directions:Readthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbyfindinginformationfromtheleftcolumnthatcorrespondstoeachofthemarkeddetailsgivenintherightcolumn.Therearetwoextrachoicesintherightcolumn.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEERT1.(10points)“Universalhistory,thehistoryofwhatmanhas plishedinthisworld,isatbottomtheHistoryoftheGreatMenwhohaveworkedhere,”wrotetheVictoriansageThomasCarlyle.Well,notanymoreitisnot.Suddenly,Britainlookstohavefallenoutwithitsfavouritehistoricalform.Thiscouldbenomorethanapassingliterarycraze,butitalsopointstoabroadertruthabouthowwenowapproachthepast:lessconcernedwithlearningfromforefathersandmoreinterestedinfeelingtheirpain.Today,wewantempathy,notinspiration.FromtheearliestdaysoftheRenaissance,thewritingofhistorymeantrecountingtheexemplarylivesofgreatmen.In1337,PetrarchbeganworkonhisramblingwritingDeVirisIllustribus–OnFamousMen,highlightingthevirtus(orvirtue)ofclassicalheroes.Petrarchcelebratedtheirgreatnessinconqueringfortuneandrisingtothetop.ThiswasthebiographicaltraditionwhichNiccoloMachiavelliturnedonitshead.InThePrince,thechampionedcunning,ruthlessness,andboldness,ratherthanvirtue,mercyandjustice,astheskillsofsuccessfulOvertime,theattributesofgreatnessshifted.TheRomanticscommemoratedtheleadingpaintersandauthorsoftheirday,stressingtheuniquenessoftheartist's alexperienceratherthanpublicglory.Bycontrast,theVictorianauthorSamualSwroteSelf-Helpasacatalogueoftheworthylivesofengineers,industrialistsandexplores."Thevaluableexampleswhichtheyfurnishofthepowerofself-help,ifpatientpurpose,resoluteworkingandsteadfastintegrity,issuingintheformulationoftrulynobleandmanycharacter,exhibit,"wroteS."whatitisinthepowerofeachto plishforhimself"HisbiographiesofJamesWalt,RichardArkwrightandJosiahWedgwoodwereheldupasbeaconstoguidetheworkingmanthroughhisdifficultlife.ThiswasallabitbourgeoisforThomasCarlyle,whofocusedhisbiographiesonthetrulyheroiclivesofMartinLuther,OliverCromwellandNapoleonBonaparte.Theseepochalfiguresrepresentedliveshardtoimitate,buttobeacknowledgedaspossessinghigherauthoritythanmereCommunistManifesto.Forthem,historydidnothing,itpossessednoimmensewealthnorwagedbattles:“Itisman,real,livingmanwhodoesallthat.”Andhistoryshouldbethestoryofthemassesandtheirrecordofstruggle.Assuch,itneededtoappreciatetheeconomicrealities,thesocialcontextsandpowerrelationsinwhicheachepochstood.For:“Menmaketheirownhistory,buttheydonotmakeitjustastheyplease;theydonotmakeitundercircumstanceschosenbythemselves,butundercircumstancesdirectlyfound,givenandtransmittedfromthepast.”Thiswasthetraditionwhichrevolutionizedourappreciationofthepast.InplaceofThomasCarlyle,BritainnurturedChristopherHill,EPThompsonandEricHobsbawm.Historyfrombelowstoodalongsidebiographiesofgreatmen.Wholenewreaofunderstanding—fromgendertoracetoculturalstudies—wereopenedupasscholarsunpickedthemultiplicityoflostsocieties.Andittransformedpublichistorytoo:downstairsbecamejustasfascinatingasupstairs.[A]emphasizedthevirtueofclassical [B]highlightedthepublicgloryoftheleadingNiccolo [C]focusedonepochalfigureswhoseliveswerehardtoSamuelS[D]openedupnewreaofunderstandingthegreatmenThomas [E]heldthathistoryshouldbethestoryofthemassesandMarxand recordofdismissedvirtueasunnecessaryforsuccessfuldepictedtheworthylivesofengineerindustrialistsand2007年考研英语Directions:Youaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatextaboutwhatparentsaresupposedtodotoguidetheirchildrenintoadulthood.ChooseaheadingfromthelistA-Gthatbestfitsthemeaningofeachnumberedpartofthetext(1-5).Thefirstandlastparagraphsofthetextarenotnumbered.Therearetwoextraheadingsthatyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)SetaGoodExampleforYourPlaceTimeLimitsonLeisureTalkabouttheFutureonaRegularHelpKidsDevelopCoHelpYourKidsFigureOutWhoTheyHowCanaParentMothersandfatherscandoalottoensureasafelandinginearlyadulthoodfortheirkids.Evenifajob'sstartingsalaryseemstoosmalltosatisfyanemergingadult'sneedforrapidcontent,thetransitionfromschooltoworkcanbelessofasetbackifthestart-upadultisreadyforthemove.Hereareafewmeasures,drawnfrommybookReadyorNot,HereLifeComes,thatparentscantaketopreventwhatIcall“work-lifeunreadiness”:Youcanstartthisprocesswhentheyare11or12.Periodicallyreviewtheiremergingstrengthsandweaknesseswiththemandworktogetheronany ings,likedifficultyincommunicatingwellorcollaborating.Also,identifythekindsofintereststheykeepcomingbackto,astheseoffercluestothecareersthatwillfitthembest.Kidsneedarangeofauthenticrolemodels-asopposedtomembersoftheirclique,popstarsandvauntedathletes.Haveregulardinner-tablediscussionsaboutpeoplethefamilyknowsandhowtheygotwheretheyare.Discussthejoysanddownsidesofyourowncareerandencourageyourkidstoformsomeideasabouttheirownfuture.Whenaskedwhattheywanttodo,theyshouldbediscouragedfromsaying“Ihavenoidea.”Theycanchangetheirminds200times,buthavingonlyafoggyviewofthefutureisoflittlegood.Teachersareresponsibleforteachingkidshowtolearn;parentsshouldberesponsibleforteachingthemhowtowork.Assignresponsibilitiesaroundthehouseandmakesure gamesencouragesimmediatecontent.AndhoursofwatchingTVshowswithcannedlaughteronlyteacheskidstoprocessinformationinapassiveway.Atthesametime,listeningthroughearphonestothesamemonotonousbeatsforlongstretchesencourageskidstostayinsidetheirbubbleinsteadofpursuingotherendeavors.Alltheseactivitiescanpreventthegrowthofimportantcommunicationandthinkingskillsandmakeitdifficultforkidstodevelopthekindofsustainedconcentrationtheywillneedformostjobs.Theyshouldknowhowtodealwithsetbacks,stressesandfeelingsofinadequacy.Theyshouldalsolearnhowtosolveproblemsandresolves,waystobrainstormandthinkcritically.Discussionsathomecanhelpkidspracticengthesethingsandhelpthemapplytheseskillstoeverydaylifesituations.Whataboutthesonordaughterwhoisgrownbutseemstobestrugglingandwanderingaimlesslythroughearlyadulthood？Parentsstillhaveamajorroletoplay,butnowitismoredelicate.Theyhavetobecarefulnottocomeacrossasdisappointedintheirchild.Theyshouldexhibitstronginterestandrespectforwhatevercurrentlyintereststheirfledgingadult（asnaiveorillconceivedasitmayseem）while ingapartnerinexploringoptionsforthefuture.Mostofall,thesenewadultsmustfellthattheyarerespectedandsupportedbyafamilythatappreciatesthem.Asayoungbondtrader,Buttonwoodwasgiventwopiecesofadvice,tradingrulesofthumb,ifyouwill:thatbadeconomicnewsisgoodnewsforbondmarketsandthateveryutterancedropfromthelipsofPaulVolcker,thethenchairmanoftheFederalReserve,andthemanwhorestoredthecentralbank’scredibilitybystomonrunawayinflation,shouldberespectedthanPope’sorders.Today’stradersare,ofcourse,amoresophisticatedbunch.Buttheadvicestillseemsgood,apartfromtwoslightdrawbacks.Thefirstisthatthewell-chosenutterancesfromthepresentchairmanoftheFederalReserve,AlanGreenspan,isofmorethanpassingdifficulty.Thesecondisthat,oflate,goodnewsfortheeconomyhasnotseemedtoupsetbondinvestorsallthatmuch.Forallthecheerthathascrackleddownthewires,theyieldonten-yearbonds—whichyouwouldexpecttoriseongoodeconomicnews—isnow,at4.2%,onlytwo-fifthsofapercentagepointhigherthanitwasatthestartoftheyear.Prettymuchunmoved,inotherwords.Yetthenewsfromtheeconomicfronthasbeenbetterbyfarthananyonecouldhaveexpected.OnTuesdayNovember25th,revisednumbersshowedthatAmerica’seconomygrewbyanannual8.2%inthethirdquarter,afullpercentagepointmorethanoriginallythought,drivenbytheever-spendthriftAmericanconsumerand,foronce,corporateinvestment.Justabouteveryotherpieceofinformationcomingoutfromspecialsourcesshowsthesamestrength.Newhousesarestillbeingbuiltatafairclip.Exportsarerising,foralltheprotectionistcrying.Evenemployment,inwhathadbeenmockedasajoblessrecovery,increasedby125,000orthereaboutsinSeptemberandOctober.Risingcorporateprofits,lowcreditspreadsandthebiggest-everrallyinthejunk-bondmarketdonot,onthefaceofit,suggestanythingotherthanadeepandlong-lastingrecovery.YetTreasury-bondyieldshaveIftherosyeconomicbackdropmakesthisodd,makingitdoublyoddisanapparentabsenceofforeigndemand.ForeignbuyersofTreasuries,especiallyAsiancentralbanks,whohadbeenswallowingAmericanernmentdebtliketherewasnotomorrow,seemtohavehadsecondthoughtslay.InSeptember,accordingtothelatestavailablefigures,foreignersboughtonly$5.6billionofTreasuries,comparedwith$25.1billionthepreviousmonthandanaverageof$38.7billionintheprecedingfourmonths.Inanefforttokeepalidontheyen’srise,theJapanesecentralbankisstillbusybuyingdollarsandparkingthemoneyinernmentdebt.Justabouteverybodyelseseemstohavebeenselling.TheutterancesfromAlanGreenspan A.fairlywell-Theyieldonten-yearbonds B.risingratherTherapideconomicgrowthresults C.settingalimitonyen’sRecently,Asiancentralbankshave D.buying ernmentdebtJapanesedollar-buyingisforthepurpose E.spendingmoreandmoreyzingyourownBeingcautiouswhenFindingamodeltoGettingthefinallook yLearningtobeMakingregularconsciousChoosinganoutfitforWhenwemeetpeopleforthefirsttime,weoftenmakedecisionsaboutthembasedentirelyonhowtheylook.And,ofcourseit’ssomethingthatworksbothways,forwetooarebeingjudgedonourappearance.Whenwelookgood,wefeelgood,whichinturnleadstoamoreconfidentandself-assuredmanner.Peoplethenpickuponthisconfidenceandrespondpositivelytowardsus.Undoubtedly,it’swhat’sinsidethat’simportant,butsometimeswecansendoutthewrongsignalssimplybywearinginappropriateclothingornotspendingenoughtimethinkingabouthowothersseeus.Forexample,peopleoftenmakethemistakeoftryingtolooklikesomeoneelsethey’veseeninamagazine,butthisisusuallyadisasterasweallhaveourowncharacteristics.Standinfrontofafull-lengthmirrorandbehonestwithyourselfaboutwhatyousee.Thereisnoneedtodwellonyourfaults—weallhavegoodpointsandbadpoints—butthinkinsteadaboutthebestwaytoemphasizethegoodones.Whenselectingyourclotheseachday,thinkaboutwhoyou’relikelytomeet,whereyou’regoingtobespendingmostofyourtimeandwhattasksyouarelikelytoperform.Clearly,someoutfitswillbemoreappropriatetodifferentsortsofactivityandthiswilldictateyourchoicetoanextent.However,there’snoneedtoabandonyourindividualtastecompley.Afterall,ifyoudresstopleasesomebodyelse’sideaofwhatlooksgood,youmayendup fortableandnotquiteyourself.Buttoknowyourownmind,youhavetogettoknowyourself.Whatdoyoutrulyfeelgoodin?Thereareprobablyafewfavouriteitemsthatyouwearalot—mostpeoplewear20percentoftheirwardrobe80percentofthetime.Lookattheseclothesandaskyourselfwhattheyhaveincommon.Aretheyneatandtidy,looseandflowing?Thenlookatthethingshanginginyourwardrobethatyoudon’twearandaskyourselfwhy.Gothroughafewmagazinesandcataloguesandmarkthethingsthatcatchyoureye.Isthereacommontheme?Somecolorsbringyournaturalcolouringtolifeandotherscangiveusawashed-outappearance.Tryoutnewcoloursbyallmeans,butrememberthatdressinginbrightcolourswhenyoureallylikesubtleneutraltones,orviceversa,willmakeyoufeelself-consciousandfortable.Youknowdeepdownwhereyourowntasteboundarieslie.Andalthoughit’sgoodtochallengethosesometimeswithnewcombinationsorshades,takecarenottogotoofarallatonce.So,you’vechosenanoutfitthatmatchesyourstyle,your ality,yourshapeandyourcolouring.Butdoesitfit?Ifsomethingistootightortooloose,youwon’tachievethedesiredeffect,andnomatterwhatotherqualitiesithas,itwon’timproveyourappearanceoryourconfidence.Sometimes,webuythingswithoutthinking.Somepeoplewhodislikeshopgrabthefirstthingtheysee,orprefertousemail-orderortheInternet.Inallcases,ifitdoesn’tfitperfectly,don’tbuyit,becausethefinerdetailsarejustasimportantastheoverallstyle.Reappraisingyourimageisn’tselfishbecauseeveryonewhocomesintocontactwithyouwillbenefit.You’lllookbetterandyou’llfeelabetter allround.Andifindoubt,youonlyneedtoreadProfessorAlbertMehrabian’sbookSilentMessagestoremindyourselfhowimportantoutwardappearancesare.Hisresearchshowedthattheimpactwemakeoneachotherdepend55percentonhowwelookandbehave,38percentonhowwespeakandonly7percentonwhatweactuallysay.So,whateverstageyouareatinyourlife,whateverroleyouplay,isn’tittimeyoumadethemostofyourself?［A］Physical［B］LowSelf-［C］EmergingIndependenceandSearchfor［D］Emotional［E］InterestintheOpposite［F］PeerPressureand［G］DangerousThetransitiontoadulthoodisdifficult.Rapidphysicalgrowthbeginsinearly—typicallybetweentheagesof9and13—andthoughtprocessesstarttotakeonadultcharacteristics.Manyyoungstersfindthesechangesdistressingbecausetheydonotfullyunderstandwhatishappeningtothem.Fearsandanxietiescanbeputtorestbysimplykeeanopenlineofcommunicationandpreparingforchangebeforeitoccurs.Themainissuesthatariseduringadolescenceare:Achild’sselfworthisparticularlyfragileduringadolescence.Teenagersoftenstrugglewithanoverwhelmingsensethatnobodylikesthem,thatthey’renotasgoodasotherpeople,thattheyarefailures,losers,uglyoruninligent.Someformofbodilydissatisfactioniscommonamongpre-teens.Ifdissatisfactionisgreat,itmaycausethemto eshyorveryeasilyembarrassed.Inothercases,teensmayacttheopposite—loudandangry—inanefforttocompensateforfeelingsofself-consciousnessandinferiority.Asalarmingasthesebodilychangescanbe,adolescentsmayfinditequallydistressingtonotexperiencethechangesatthesametimeastheirpeers.Latematurationcancausefeelingsofinferiorityandawkwardness.Youngp