2022年浙江专升本英语真题 - 浙江专升本

2022年浙江专升本英语真题-浙江专升本选取题部分PartIReadingComprehension(60marks,60minutes)SectionAPassageReading(每题2分，共50分)FormatIPassageOneQuestions1-5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Threebillionpeople,around40%oftheworld’spopulation,useonlinesocialmediaandarespendinganaverageoftwohourseverydaysharing,likingtweeting(发推文)andupdatingontheseplatforms,accordingtosomereports.ThatbreaksdowntoaroundhalfamilliontweetsandSnapchatphotossharedeveryminuteWithsocialmediaplayingsuchabigpartinourlives,couldwebesacrificingourmentalhealthandwell-beingaswellasourtime?Sincesocialmediaisrelativelynewtousconclusivefindingsarelimited.Actuallythisisafast-growingareaofresearch,andcluesarebeginningtoappear.Herearesomeofthefindings:MOONAgoodorbadmoodmayspreadbetweenpeopleonsocialmedia,accordingtoresearchersfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaANXIETYResearchershavelookedatgeneralanxietycausedbysocialmedia,suchasfeelingsofrestlessnessandworry,andtroublesleepingandconcentrating.AstudypublishedinthejournalComputersandHumanBehaviorfoundthatpeoplewhoreportusingsevenormorethanthreetimeaslikelyaspeopleusinglessthantwoplatformstohavehighlevelsofanxiety.However,it’sunclearhowsocialmediacausesanxiety.SLEEPHumansusedtospendtheireveningsindarkness,butnowweresurroundedbyartificiallightingalldaynight.Researchhasfoundthethiscanreducethebodysproductionofthehormonemelatonin(褪黑素)whichhelpssleep.ADDICTIONAfewresearcherspointoutthatsocialmediaaddictionmaybehardertoresistthatcigarettesandalcohol.Itsclearthatinmanyareas,notenoughisknownyettodrawmanystrongconclusions.However,theevidencedoespointoneway:socialmediaaffectspeopledifferently,dependingonpre-existingconditionsandpersonalitytraits.1.Howmanyhoursdopeoplespendonlineonaverage?A.Two.B.ThreeC.FourD.Five2.WhatdoesthestudyinComputersandHumanBehaviorfindaboutpeopleusingmoresocialmedia?A.Theysuffermorefromanxiety.B.Theybecomemoreabsent-minded.C.Theysufferlessfromtroubledsleep.D.Theybecomemorefriendlytoothers.3.TheunderlinedwordthisinParagraphFourprobablyrefersto?A.daylightB.artificiallightingC.melatoninD.socialmedia.4.Socialmediaaffectspeopledifferently,dependingon.A.understandingofsocialmediaB.thesocialmediaplatformsusedC.thetimespentonsocialmediaD.pre-conditionsandcharacters5.Whatisthethemeofthispassage?A.Whypeoplegoonline.B.Whousessocialplatforms.C.Howmanypeoplegoonlineeveryday.D.Howonlineactivitiesaffectmentalhealth.PassageTwoQuestions6-10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Antibiotics(抗生素)areoneofthemiraclesofmodernmedicine.Theyhavesavedcountlesslives.Buttheresanothersidetothem.Thebacteria(细菌)thatliveinourbodyhavelearnedhowtooutwitmanyofourmostpowerfulantibiotics.Thesedrugresistantbacteriaarecalledsuperbugs.Hereshowabugbecomesasuperbug.Whenyoutakeinantibiotic,therecouldbesomebacteriathatknowhowtoresistthatantibiotic.Thosesmartbacteriaaretheonesthatsurviveantibioticsandtheyflourish.Andthatswhenyougetasharpincreaseofsuperbugs.Andthemorewetakeantibiotics,themorechancesthebacteriahavetobecomeresistanttothem.So,inthewordsofthelatestCDC(CenterforDiseaseControl)report,somemiracledrugsnolongerperformmiracles,butitdidcomewithsomegoodnews.Thereportsaysthenumberofdeathsandinfectionscausedbygermsthatresistantibioticsisdecreasing.Itdropped18percentbetween2020andnow.Andthenumberofinfectionscaughtinhospitalsisdown.Thebadnews,accordingtotheCDC,isthattherearestilltoomanygermsthatresistantibiotics,andthattheycanbecaughtanywhereinthecommunity.Thereportsaystheanswerisntindevelopingmorepowerfulantibiotics,butinusingthemlessoften.TheCDCestimatesthatasmanyasone-thirdoftheantibioticsprescriptionsgiveninemergencyroomsanddoctorsofficesarentneeded,butitdoesntentirelyblamedoctorsforthis,becauseitcanbehardforthemtotellwhensomeonehasabacteriainfection,orwhichantibioticscouldbegood.6.Accordingtothepassage.Whathavesavedmanylives?A.Operations.B.Miracles.C.AntibioticsD.Germs7.Theunderlinedword“flourish〞inParagraphTwoprobablymeansA.developquicklyB.decreasesharplyC.diesuddenlyD.runslowly8.ThenumberofdeathsandinfectionscausedbygermsthatresistantibioticsdroppedA.onethirdB.onehalfC.18percentD.81percent9.AccordingtotheCDCreport,howshouldwedealwiththeantibiotics-resistantgerms?A.Givingbetterprescriptions,BUsingantibioticslessoftenC.Catchinggermsinthecommunity.D.Developingmorepowerfulantibiotics.10.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Weshoulduseasmanyantibioticsaspossible.B.Antibioticsareeffectivedespitedrug-resistantgerms.C.Antibioticsarethegreatestinventioninhumanhistory.D.Antibioticshavemorepositiveaspectsthannegativeeffects.PassageThreeQuestions11-15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Newresearchsuggeststhatplantingtreesandoilierplantsnearfactoriescouldreducepollutionbyalmostone-third.Theadditionofplantlifemayevencostlessandbemoreeffectivethantechnology,designedtocutpollution,anewstudyfound.ThefindingswerereportedinthepublicationEnvironmentalScienceTechnology.TheleadauthorofthestudywasBhavikBakshi,aprofessorattheOhioStateUniversity.Bakshiandotherresearcherscollecteddataaboutairpollutionandplantlifein48ofthe50Americanstates.TheystudiedpublicrecordsfromeverystateotherthanAlaskaandHawaii.Thestudyattemptedtoshowhowthevegetation(植被)couldreducethemastcommonpollutants(污染物)fromindustrialareas,includingtheproductionofenergyfromcoal,oilandgas.Theresearchfoundthatrestoringvegetationtolandcovercouldcutairpollutantlevelsanaverageof27percentintheareasstudiedTheyalsofoundthatin75percentoftheareas,itwouldcostlesstouseplantsandtreestoreduceairpollutionthantoaddnewaircleaningtechnology.Bakshisaidthatnature-basedmethodscouldresultin“win-win’’solutionsthatsavemoneyandarebetterfortheenvironment.Itfoundthatonlyonepieceofequipmentwasestimatedtobemorecost-effectivethantreesandplants.Thatdeviceisanindustrialboiler.Thestudydidnotidentifywhichkindsoftreesorplantswouldbebestatreducingairpollution.ButBakshisaidthekindofvegetationlikelywouldmakeadifferenceinairqualityandthatfurtherstudyisneeded.Theresearcherspredictedthattheadditionoftreesandplantscouldhelplowerairpollutionlevelsinbothcitiesandruralareas.However,successrateswoulddifferwidelydependingonhowmuchlandisavailableandcurrentairqualitylevels.1.Howdidtheresearchersconducttheresearch?A.Theygaveuptheout-datedpublicrecords.B.Theygatheredinformationonpollutionandplants.C.TheydidexperimentsintheOhioStateUniversity.D.Theystudieddataontechnologyinsciencejournals.2.couldcutairpollutantlevels.A.ExpandingruralareasB.DevelopingAlaskaandHawaiiCProducingmorecoal,oilandgasD.Bringingbuckvegetationtolandcover3.Whatismorecost-effectivethantreesandplants?A.Newenergy.B.AnindustrialboilerC.Thenature-basedmethodD.Newcleaningtechnology4.TheunderlinedphrasemakeadifferenceinParagraphFiveprobablymeansA.beeffectiveB.beproductiveC.takeplaceD.standout5.Whatdocsthepassagemainlytellus?A.Newtechnologycanbenefittheenvironment.B.AirpollutionhasworsenedintheUnitedStates.C.AddingplantlifecutspollutionandreducescostD.Differenttreescontributedifferentlytotheenvironment.PassageFourQuestions16-20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Socialscientistsbelievethatnamesinfluencepersonality,howwereperceived(认知)，andevenourphysicalappearances,Intum,ourappearancesimpacthowotherpeopleperceiveus,whichagainaffectshowwefeelandseeourselves.Psychologistsbelievetheresarelationshipbetweeninternalsandexternalsthatshapesus.TheresearchersfromHebrewUniversityinJerusalemdecidedtotestwhetherstereotypes(刻板印象)andlabelshaveaneffectonphysicalappearance.Thatistosay,theywantedtofindoutifthenameapersonisgivenatbirthinfluenceslaterphysicality.Thestudyhypothesizedthatthisearlylabelmarksallthosewhobearthesamenamesimilarly,somuchsothatotherpeoplecanmatchnametofacebasedonexpectationofhowsomeonewithacertainnameislikelytolook.Inotherwordsnamestereotypesshowphysicallyinfacialappearance.Theresearchteamfoundthatbothpeopleandcomputerscouldpicktherightnameforagivenfacewithmoreaccuracythanwouldresultfromchance.Thatmeanscommonideasofhowapersonwithacertainnamewouldlookwerecorrect-therewasa〞right〞nameforatypeofface.Face-namematchinglikelyworksonmanylevels,thestudysuggests.Becausewehavesharedideasofwhatnamesmean,peoplewiththosenamesmay“growinto〞thembyadaptingexpectedbehavior,facialexpressions,andlooks,andotherswillalsohavecertainexpectations.SayyournameisRose.Socialexpectationsmaydirectyoutoactwomanly,smilegently,weardresses,andgrowyourhairlong.ThisisperhapsunconsciouslyexpectedmoreofawomannamedforaflowerthanonewhogoesbyAlex,anamethatintheUSiscommonformalesandfemales.AlexmayfeelfreertobendgenderstereotypesthanRose.6.Partofthejobofapsychologistmightbetostudy.A.howtoimprovepeoplesbehaviorB.howtochangepeoplesappearancesC.therelationshipbetweenmindandbehaviorD.therelationshipbetweenknowledgeandlooks7.Theunderlinedword“hypothesized〞inParagraphThreeprobablymeans.A.supposedB.displayedC.doubtedD.opposed8.WhatdocstheexampleaboutthenameofRoeandAlesindicate?A.MenandwomenareaffecteddifferentlybytheirmumsB.Agirlwithaboy’snamewillnotgrowintoagentlewoman.C.Thereislittlerelationshipbetweenonesnameandbehavior.D.Sharedideasofnamesmayinfluencehowwelookandbehave9.Whatistheauthorsattitudetowardsthestudy?A.PleasedB.Unbelieving.C.SurprisedD.Objective10.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Agoodnamemaybringgoodluck.B.Yournamemightinfluenceyourappearance.C.Peoplenamebabiesaccordingtotheirappearance.D.Somenamesaremoreproperforwomenthanothers.FormatⅡDirections:Inthefollowingpassage,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.Forquestions21—25,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA—Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.Therearetwoextrachoices,whichdonotfitintoanyofthegaps.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletteronTheAnswerSheet.(10marks)Doyouoftenfeeltiredinthemorningeventhoughyouvebeeninbedforsevenoreighthoursthenightbefore?Likemanypeople,youarenotsleepingasmuchasyouthinkyouare21.ThereisnospecificnumberforefficiencythatsbeenprovenaslinkedtopoorhealthHowever,accordingtoaNewYorkTimesreportaboutsleepquality,someexpertsestimatearoughnumberof83percentoraboveasadecentplacetobe:22.Avoidbluelightatnight.Shortwavelengthbluelight,sentoutbythesunandbythescreensofcomputers,iPodsandsmart-phones,makesyoufeelmorealert.Bluelighttellsyourbrainitsdaytime.23.Youcanalsotryinstallingappsthatcanfilter(过滤)bluelightonyourdevices.24..Gotobedandwakeupatrelativelythesametime.Consistency(连贯性)iskeytoagoodnightssleep,especiallywhenitcomestowakingup.Whenyouhavearegularwake-uptime,yourbraingetsusedtothisandmovesthroughthesleepcycleinpreparationforyoutofeelrestedandalertatyourwakeuptime.Roughlyanhourbeforeyouwake,hormonelevelsincreasegradually,causingyoutobecomemorealert.TakenapsOneofthebiggestpeaksinmelatoninproductionhappensduringthe1to3pmtimeframe.25..Ifyouarentgettingenoughsleepatnight,yourelikelytofeelanoverwhelmingdesiretosleepintheafternoon.Whenthishappens,you’rebetterofftakingashortnapthanresortingtocaffeineorstrongteatokeepyouawake.Ashortnapwillgiveyoutherestyouneedtogetthroughtherestoftheafternoon,andyoullsleepmuchbetterintheeveningthanifyoutakealongafternoonnap.A.Keepaconsistentsleepschedule.B.Sleepefficiencyisthepercentageoftimeyouactuallysleep.C.Inotherwords,youfeelmostsleepyinthemorning.D.Itexplainswhymostpeoplefeelsleepyintheafternoon.E.Peoplefindthatitisdifficulttosleepwell.F.Herearesometipsforimprovingsleepefficiency.G.Turnoffyourcomputersandphonesbeforebed.SectionBBankedCloze(每题1分，共10分)Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.PleaseblackenthecorrespondingletterforeachchoiceonTheAnswerSheet.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthewordbankmorethanonce.(10points)Scientistswhofoundtheworld’soceanswerewarmingfasterthantheypreciouslybelieved,havesaidtheirstudieshaderrors.Thestudy,publishedinNature,foundthat“_(26)warmingisatthehighendofpreviousestimates〞.Theresearchersusedprecisemeasurementsbetween1991and2021toestimateocean__(27)uptake(吸)overtheperiod.Sincethe(28)ofthestudy,twoproblemshadcometotheirattention,oneofthemrelatedoxygen.〞(29)treatingsystemaitcerrorsinthemeasurementsof“Weexpectthesetwocorrectionswillhavelittle_(30)onourcalcualtionsofoverallheatuptake,butwithlargermargins(幅度)oferrors,〞saidaresearcher.“Weareredoingthecalculationsand_(31)correctionsforNature.〞Naturesaiditwaslookingintothe_(32).“Makingsuretheaccuracyofthescientificrecordisimportanttousaspublishersandwerecognizeour_(33)tocorrecterrorsinpapersthatwehavepublished,〞aspokespersonsaid.TheresearchwaspublishedweeksafterareportfromtheUnitedNations_(34)thathumanityhasjustover10yearstoacttoavoiddisastrouslevelsofglobalwarming,urginggovernmentstomake“(35)andfar-reachingchangesinallaspectsofsociety.〞image.pngPartIIIntegratedTesting(30points,30minutes)SectionACloze(每题1分，共20分)Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenblackenthecorrespondingletteronTheAnswerSheet.(20points)ProbablythemostfamousappleinhistorybelongedtoIsaacNewton.Hisapplebecamethe(36)foragreatscientificdiscovery:theforceofgravity(重力).(37),somehistoriansquestioniftheappleevenexisted.Whenexamininghistory,peopletryto(38)thefactfromthefiction.AndinNewton’s(39),hisscientificworkwasthefact,andthestoryabouttheapplewasall(40).(41)ayoungman,Newtonleft(leave-left-left)hometostudyscienceatCambridgeUniversity.Onedaywhilehewas_(42)underanappletree,anapplefellfromabranchaboveandhithim(43)onthehead.Helookedattheappleand(44)tothinkwhytheapplefell.(45)someofthescientificknowledgefromschool，Newtownrealizedthat(46)insideEarthwerealwayspullingobjectstowarditscenter.That’swhytheapplefelldownanddidnotstay_(47)highupinthetree.Whenapersonjumps,heorshedoesnotrisequickly(48)spacelikealostballoon.Gravity(49)everythingtowardstheground.What’stheproblemwiththisfamousand(50)__applestory?Mosthistoriansdon’tbelieveit(51)happened.Thenwhydidhetellthis(52)?TodaythegeneralbeliefisthatNewton(53)thatappletomakehistheorymorememorable.Nowsomepeopledon’tevenremember(54)theapplefellonNewton’shead.Noteveryoneremembersthework.Newtondid(55)theworld.Muchofthetime,peopleremembertheapplemorethanhim.36.A)resultB)symbolC)theoryD)object37.A)InawordB)BesidesC)HoweverD)Foronething38.A)separateB)believeC)showD)prevent39.A)honorB)wayC)caseD)role40.A)experimentB)crimeC)scienceD)fiction41.A)AsB)ForC)LikeD)Along42.A)marchingB)restingC)arrivingD)mining43.A)purposelyB)fastC)angrilyD)right44.A)broughtB)beganC)stuckD)grew45.A)replyingB)gainingC)applyingD)providing46.A)rocksB)forcesC)shellsD)materials47.A)standingB)disappearingC)connectingD)floating48.A)intoB)overC)outofD)down49.A)locatesB)gathersC)pullsD)destroys50.A)comfortingB)upsettingC)shockingD)inspiring51.A)everB)foreverC)neverD)however52.A)statementB)truthC)storyD)news53.A)discoveredB)arguedC)spreadD)invented54.A)whatB)whyC)whoD)which55.A)changeB)repairC)protectD)liftSectionBShortAnswerQuestions(每题2分，共10分)Directions:Inthispartthereisashortpassagefollowedbyfivequestionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementswithnomorethan10words.PleasewriteyouranswersonTheAnswerSheet.(10marks)Afriendtoldmeanexperienceshehadinthehospital.Asshelayterrifie