初中英语语法讲义设计-专题讲练：第5讲：情态动词(含练习+答案)全国通用

课题名称初中英语语法讲义-专题讲练：第5讲：情态动词教学目标.情态动词概念；.种类；(重点).用法区别：(难点)can/beableto (2)may (3)must/haveto(4)need (5)should/would (6)hadbetterStep1HomeworkChecking课后练习讲评；?词汇听写：得分Step1HomeworkChecking课后练习讲评；?词汇听写：得分?知识点回顾：一、根据要求写出正确的单词。1.he（复数形式） 3.it（形容词性物主代词）5.they（宾格）7.your（主格） 9.I（形容词性物主代词）11.he（名词性物主代词）13.them（形容词性物主代词）15.she（!［数形式）2.we（单数形式）4.my（名词性物主代词）6.you（形容词性物主代词）8.our（单数形式）10.she便格）12.me（复数形式）14.us（主格） 16.it（名词性物主代词）.这支笔不是我的。 .他是我的朋友，我们经常互相帮助。 .我们的教室比你们的教室要敞亮。 answers:一、1.they 2.I3.its 4.mine 5.them 6.your 7.you8.my9.my10.her11.his 12. us13.their 14.we 15.they 16.its二、1.ThepenisHtmine.2.Heismyfriend,weoftenhelpeachother.3.Ourclassroomisbrighterthanyours/yourclassroom.Step2Warming-up?SpokenEnglishTrainingLesson1(a)AskmeifIamDavid.Tellme-Yes,youareDavid.AskmeifJaneismyniece.Tellme-Yes,sheisyourniece.Askmeifsheisatallgirl.Tellme-No,sheisshort.Askmeifsheishappy.Tellme-No,sheisalwaysunhappybecausesheisshort.Askmeifherparentsarealsoshort.Tellme-Yes,theyare,buttheyareoftenhappy.Askmewhytheyareoftenhappy.Tellme-Becausetheirsonsanddaughtersareallsmart.Step3PhoneticSymbols英语国际标准音标练习儿日（20个）12个前元音（4个）[i：][i][e][?]后元音（5个）[a:][?：][?][u：][u]中元音（3个）[?][?：][?]双自8个合口双元音（5个）[ei][?u][ai][au][?i][8]因二集中双元音（3个）[i?][u?][??]辅音（28个）清辅音（11个）[p][t][k][f][s][t?][tr][ts][h]浊 辅音（17个）[b][d][g][v][z][e]r[?][d?][dr][dz][l][m][n][?][j][w][r]/i?//i?//ni?//aidi?//hi?//spi?//£/?/£/?/t£//k£/?/de/?/f£/?/e"/u?/ /tu?/ /pu?/ /?u?/ /mu?/语音基础小练习:找出下列各组单词中重读音节位置与其他不同的单词。Tomorrow,theinformationaboutsciencewillbeinEngineerMagazine.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zAB CDThepolicemenranalongthebambooforestandmettheactors.ABC DPhotosareimportantbecausetheycanhelpustorememberthepast.ABC DCollectingstampsisfunandexciting.Butsometimesitisexpensive.A BCDNextSunday,myclassmatew川takepartinthehandwritingcomposition.A B CDanswers:1~5ADACDStep4LanguageLearning专题五：情态动词.概念：在句中通常用来表示“能力”、“允许”、“必要”、“禁止”、“意愿”、“可能”等情感或态度的动词。这类动词词义不完整，不能单独作谓语，只能和实义动词一起构成谓语，且无人称和数的变化，后面必须跟动词原形。常见的情态动词有： can,may,must,need,haveto,beableto,hadbetter,will,should,would等。注意：有些词是兼类词。如：Heishavingameeting.他正在开会。（have是实义动词）HehasgonetoNewYork..他已去了纽约。（have是助动词）.情态动词种类：can和could:意义：can表示某人或某物能做某事，意思是能够；可以"，如：cancookthemealscould意思是能够，可以”，表示客气、委婉的语气，用在句子中表示请求，如：Couldyouhelpme?will和would意思：will是一般将来时的结构词，表示打算、愿意做某事，如：Shewillvisithergrandparentstomorrow.would通常跟like连用，即：wouldlike 表示想要 ,如：Iwouldliketobuyacakeformysister.should和shall意思：should表示建议、劝告，可翻译成 应该"，如:Youshouldgotobedearly.shall也表示建议，通常跟第一人称，即I和we连用，如：Shallwevisitthemuseumtogether.may和must意思：may与can的意思接近，表示一种语气词可以，能”，通常用来表示请求，may比can客气、委婉,如：MayIspeaktoLucy,please?must表示强烈的语气，意思是必须”，如：Wearegoingtohaveaclassmeetingthisafternoon.Youmustcomeandattendit.must和haveto区别：.都表示必须”.must指的是主观上必须要做的事情.而haveto则表示客观上要做的事情，可翻译为 不得不”，通常带有不愿意的意味。如:Mybikewasbroken.Ihavetowalktoschooltoday.情态动词用法否7E式疑问式与简答can.能力（体力，智力，技能）.允许或许可（口语中常用）.可能性（表猜测，用于否定旬或疑问句中）cannot/cannot/can't+M--Canxxv.原？--Yes,xxcan.(No,xxcan't.)couldcouldn't+M.maymight.可以（问句中表示请求）.可能，或许（表推测）.祝愿（用于倒装句中）maynot+v.原might+v.原--Mayxxv.原？--Yes,xxmay.(No,xxmustn't/can--Mightxxv.原？--Yes,xxmight(No,xxmightnot.)must.必须，应该（表主观要求）.mustbe-肯定,想必（肯定句中表推测）mustnot/mustn'+v.原（意思是不准）--Mustxxv.原？t--Yes,xxmust.No,xxneedn't/donhavetohaveto1.只好，不得不（客观的必须，时态人称后义化）don'haveto+v.原doesn'Haveto+v.原Doxxhavetov.原？Yes,xxdo.No,xxdon't.'t)★汪后：.must的否定式mustn'意思是不准，表示禁止，如：Youmustn'tpickflowersinthepark..如果想表达不必”，则应说needn'或don't/doesnhaWeto+v.原，如：--MustIdomyhomeworknow? 我必须现在就做作业吗？--Yes,youmust.是的，你必须现在就做。No,youneedn't.不，你不必。No,youdonthaveto.情态动词口诀May和Might两准许Musthaveto两必须Should表应该Need需不需hadbetter最好去♦情态动词：二．情态动词的用法区别can/beableto①can表示能力，意为 “能”“会”。IcanspeakalittleChinese.②表示客观可能性或推测，用于否定句或疑问句。Hecan’tbeateacher.③表示非正式的请求或许可，可和may互换，但may用于正式请求或许可。Can(May)Iborrowyourbike?Youcan(may)gonow.④can仅用在现在时和过去时(过去式为 could)若用在其他时态必用 beableto。Hewillbeabletoanswerthequestion.may①表示正式的请求或许可，意为 何以”。MayIcomein?②mustn’t作may的否定回答，放在否定句中表示“禁止，不许 ”。must/haveto①must必须”，表否定时意为禁止”。②must表示推测，一般用在肯定句中，其可能性比may大。Hemustbeateacher.③回答：否定回答中用 needn't-MustIfinishitnow?-Yes,youmustn’t./Nyoo,uneedn’t.④haveto表示客观的需要，must表示说话人的主观看法。Mybrotherisveryill,soIhavetosenthimtothehospital.Wemustworkhard.⑤must没有人称和数的变化，但 haveto有人称和数的变化。Hemustgonow.Hehastostayathome.need①表示“需要”②注意：区别need作情态动词和实义动词。作为情态动词：need+动词原形；作为实义动词： need+todo。(5)should/wouldshall(should)为应该"，will(would)为意愿”。Weshouldstudyhardforourcountry.Hewouldlikeacupoftea.(6)hadbetter①表示最好”，相当于助动词，只有一种形式，后面跟动词的原形。即：hadbetterdosth.Itiscoldoutside.You'dbetterputonyourcoat.②注意它的否定形式：直接在后面加 not,再接动词原形。即：hadbetternotdosth.You'dbetternotsmoke.It'sbadforyourhealth.【真题演练】.( )---Ihavealookatthepicture?---Yes,you.A.Can,mustB.Can,mayC.May,canD.Must,must.( )MustIborrowthebookwithanIDcard?No,you .A.mustn'tB.needn'tC.shouldn't.( )---MayIyourbike?---Sure.A.rideB.ridingC.readD.toride.( )Mr.Arthurcanpiano.A.playedtheB.playedC.playstheD.playtheanswers:1~4CBAD【课堂练习】精点精练一、根据实际情况回答下列问题；(l)Whatcanarabbitdo? ⑵Canyoucleanyourbedroom? ⑶Candogsswim? ⑷Whocanrunfaster,youoryourfriend?Whatcanyoudoinwinter? Canabirdflyinthesky? answers:1.Arabbit/itcanjump. 2.Yes,Ican./No,Ican't.Yes,theycan. 4.I/Myfriendcanrunfaster.Icanmakeasnowman.6.Yes,itcan.二、选择( )1.A:youdomeafavour?B:Ofcourse.A.Can B.Must C.Do( )2.A:youacupofcoffee?---B:Yes,thankyou.A.Like,wouldB.Do,likeC.Would,like( )3.A:MayIhaveicewater?---B:Sure,hereyouare.A.any B.an C.some( )4.Thekidissoyoungthatshereadandwrite.A.can B.can'tC.is( )5.Monkeyscan.A.wingsB.swing C.swinging( )6.Somerobotscan.A.singanddanceB.doeshomeworkC.watchingTV( )7.A:Ihavealookatyourbook?---B:Certainly.A.May B.Would C.Do( )8.Itissolate.Igohomenow.A.must B.can C.may( )9.John'smotherisill.Hestayathomeandtakecareofher.A.must B.hasto C.can( )10.A:Itakesomephotoshere?---B:No,you.A.May,needn'tB.Must,mustn'tC.Can,mustn'answers:1~5ACCBB6~10AAABC模拟预测一、用所给的情态动词填空(不能重复使用)can'tmustshouldn'twon'tneedn't(1).Youreadinbed.It'sbadforyoureyes.⑵.Youshowyourtickettothemanatthegateofthezoo.musingitthisafternoon.vehadenough.musingitthisafternoon.vehadenough.(3).Youshowyourlibrarycardwhenyoureturnthebook.⑷.I'msorry,butyouusemybikethisafternoon.I⑸.Hecometoschooltoday.Heis川inthehospital.二、选择题。( )(1).Wearesothirsty.wehavesometea,please?A.Could B.Would C.Must( )(2).A:Canyourbrotherdohousework?B:.A.Yes,hedoes.B.No,hecan.C.Yes,hecan.( )(3).Isomechicken,please.A.like B.wouldlike C.would( )(4).Ichickenverymuch.A.like B.wouldlike C.would( )(5).Themanlooksold.He50yearsold.A.mustbeB.is C.must()(6).A:Cantigersrunandjump?B:.A.No,itcan'tB.Yes,theycan.C.Yes,itcan.( )⑺.MustIfinishmyhomeworknow?---No,you.A.needn'tB.mustn'tC.can't( )(8)Welistentotheteachercarefullyinclass.A.can B.should C.would( )(9)ShallIgetonemoreeggforyou,Mum?--Thanks,butyou,IA.maynot B.mustnotC.needn't( )(10)Youbelateforschoolagainnexttime.A.aren't B.can'tC.shantanswers:——、1.shouldn't2.must3.needHt4.can't5.won't1~5ACBAA6~10BABCB

Homework:☆温习本堂课所学知识；☆词汇短语听写 ☆模拟题练习：一、根据题目要求完成句子(每条横线不限字数，每小题1分，共5分)Tomhasbreakfastathome.(改为否定旬)Tombreakfastathome.Springlastsforthreemonths.(就划线部分提问) spring?Henrydidhishomeworkcarefullylastnight.(改为一般疑问句)hehishomeworkcarefullylastnight?Atoycarisnotasexpensiveasatoyplane.(改为同意旬)AtoycarisatoyplaneSheistallerthananyotherstudentinhisclass.(改为同意旬)Sheisstudentinhisclass.二、用括号内所给词的正确形式填空 (每小题1分，共10分)Becareful!Thebus(come).She(notplay)thegamewell.Tomhatesmaths,becausemathsishis(bad)subjectofall.The(fire)isputtingoutthefire..Doyouknowthe(mean)oftheword?Canyoutellmethe(different)between “pay”and“cost”？Itsnowed(heavy)lastnight.Howmany(shelf)arethereinacupboard?Mygrandmotherhasonlytwo(tooth)left.Shh!Thebaby(sleep)nextdoor.三、根据所给词的首字母及文章提示，在横线上填入适当的单词使短文完整。 (每空0.5分，共5分）Christmasisaverybusytimeforeveryone.Peoplesendcardstotheirrelativesandfriends.Theymaketheirhousespretty.Peoplealsobuypresentsforeveryoneinthefamily.Theyputthemunderthetree.Inmanyc1 Christmasisoneofthemostimportantfestivalsoftheyear.ChristmasDayisonD2 25th.Insomecountries,FatherChristmasbringsp3toallgoodchildrenonChristmasEve.Heridesthroughtheskywithabigbagofpresents.Hecant4allovertheworldinonenight.O5thatnight,childrenareveryexcitedandsometimesabitn6.Oftenparentssay, “Ifryougate,FatherChristmasmightnotcome.Remember!Heonlyc7tovisitgoodchildren."ThatmakesthemquiBtagain!theygotobed,theyleaves9bythefireforFatherChristmastoeatanddrink.Thentheyeachputa_s10tothebottomoftheirbeds.四、找出下列句子的错误并在横线上改正：每小题1分，共5分1,Whendidyougotohomeyesterday?TOC\o"1-5"\h\zAB C D2,Shealwayslateforschool.ABCD3,Whichsubjectdoyoulikebest,English_orChinese?A BCD4,Notopenthedoor,please.ABC D5,Doyoulikeplaychess?A BCD五、完型填空。（10%）Inoldtimes,akingputsabigrock1theroad.Manypeoplepassbyand2arou