CATTI三级笔译综合能力考试试题及答案解析(三)

CATTI三级笔译综合能力考试试题及答案解析(三)一、VocabularySelection（本大题20小题．每题1.0分，共20.0分。Inthispart,thereare20incompletesentences.Beloweachsentence,therearefourwordsorphrasesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA,B,CandD.Choosethewordorphrasewhichbestcompleteseachsentence.Thereisonlyonerightanswer.）第1题Marketingis______justdistributinggoodsfromthemanufacturertothefinalcustomer.AratherthanBotherthanCbiggerthanDmorethan【正确答案】：D【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]习语辨析。A．ratherthan胜于；B．otherthan不同于，除了；C．biggerthan大于；D．morethan多过……，不止……，……以上；如：Theconsequencewasmuchmorethanheimagined．结果远超过他的想象。本句意为：营销不仅仅是将货物从生产者向最终客户的分配。因此选D。第2题Themagicianpickedseveralpersons______fromtheaudienceandaskedthemtohelphimwiththeperformance.AbyaccidentBatrandomConoccasionDonaverage【正确答案】：B【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]习语辨析。A．byaccident偶然；B．atrandom随便地，任意地，胡乱地；C．onoccasion有时；D．onaverage平均起来；因此B为答案。第3题EnglishlanguagepublicationsinChinaaregrowinginvolumeand______.AcirculationBrotationCcircumstanceDappreciation【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]词义辨析。A．circulation流通，传播；B．rotation旋转；C．circumstance条件，细节；D．appreciation欣赏，正确评价，增值；此句意为：在中国，英语出版物在产量与销量(发行量/传递/流通)上日益增加。因此应选A。第4题Duststormsmostoftenoccurinareaswherethegroundhaslittlevegetationtoprotectofthewind.AfromtheeffectsBittheeffectsCitfromtheeffectsDtheeffectsfromit【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]固定搭配。protectsth．from/against．．．保护；如：Heiswearingsunglassestoprotecthiseyesfromthestrongsunlight．他戴着太阳镜以挡强烈的阳光。因此选项C是答案。第5题Onturningthecomer,theysawthepath______steeply.AdepartingBdescendingCdecreasingDdegenerating【正确答案】：B【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]形近识别。A．departing出发，背离；B．descending下降；如：Thepathdescendssharply．这条小径向下急降(下斜坡度很陡)。C．decreasing减少，渐减；D．degenerating退化；因此选项B是答案。第6题Mostnursesarewomen,butinthehigherranksofthemedicalprofessionwomenareaAscarcityBminorityCminimumDshortage【正确答案】：B【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]词义辨析。A．scarcity缺乏，不足，罕见：B．minority少数，少数民族；C．minimum最小值：D．shortage不足，缺乏；因此选项B为答案。第7题Withaneighty-hourweekandlittleenjoyment,lifemusthavebeenveryforthestudents.AhostileBanxiousCtediousDobscure【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]词义辨析。A．hostile敌对的，敌意的；B．anxious担忧的，渴望的；C．tedious单调乏味的，沉闷的；D．obscure朦胧的，模糊的，晦涩的；此处指：……，学生的生活一定是单调乏味的。因此答案为C。第8题Container-grownplantscanbeplantedatanytimeoftheyear,but______inwinter.AshouldbeBwouldbeCpreferredDpreferably【正确答案】：D【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]词义辨析。shouldbe/wouldbe应是；preferred首选的(adj．)；preferably更适宜，最好是(adv．)；因此应填D。第9题Hydroponics______thecultivationofplantswithoutsoil.AdoesBisCdoDare【正确答案】：B【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]语法应用。Hydroponics(水耕法，水栽培)虽带有词尾-s，但表示单一概念，应看作是单数名词，故谓语动词要用单数；本句为主系表结构，用be动词，所以选B。第10题Intheeighteenthcentury,thetownofBennington,Vermont,wasfamousforpottery.AitmadeBitsCthemakingDwhereits【正确答案】：B【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]语法应用。本句意为：在十八世纪，本宁顿城和佛蒙特城以其制陶业而闻名；因此应填代词的所有格。如：Thesmalltownisfamousforitsfinepark．这座小城以漂亮的公园著称。第11题Toimposecomputertechnology______teachersistocreateanenvironmentthatisnotconducivetolearning.AwithBtoCinDon【正确答案】：D【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]固定搭配。impose+名词+on/upon(对……)课税，使负担；把(想法等)强加(于某人)，强迫(某人)接受；如：Healwaystriestoimposehisopiniononothers．他总是想强迫别人接受他的意见。因此选D。第12题Goodpencilerasersaresoftenoughnot______paperbuthardenoughsothattheycrumblegraduallywhenused.AbydamagingBsothattheydamageCtodamageDdamaging【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]语法应用。“enough+不定式”(足够……能)结构常置于形容词后作状语，表示结果：本句是这一结构的否定式；所以C是答案。第13题Bothlongitudeandlatitude______indegrees,minutesandseconds.AmeasuringBmeasuredCaremeasuredDbeingmeasured【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]语法应用。所填之处前面是主语，后面是状语，此处应是谓语；根据句意，此处又应用被动语态，所以C为答案。第14题OurflighttoGuangzhouwas______byabadfogandwehadtostaymuchlongerinthehotelthanwehadexpected.AdelayedBadjournedCcancelledDpreserved【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]近义辨析。A．delayed耽搁，延误，推迟(指由于某种原因推迟，稍后还将继续，但不表明延期的具体时间)；如：Theaccidentdelayedthetrain．火车因事故晚点。B．adjourned使中止，推迟(一般指会议休会，则其在继续开)；如：Thehearingwillbeadjourneduntiltomorrowmorning．听证会推迟到明天上午举行。C．cancelled取消；D．preserved保存，保藏。第15题______ofhischildhoodhomeinHannibal,Missouri,providedMarkTwainwiththeinspirationfortwoofhismostpopularnovels.ARememberingBMemoriesCItwasthememoriesDHeremembered【正确答案】：B【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]语法应用。此处考强调句型：Itis/was+强调成分+that/who；意为：是对童年家乡(汉尼拔和密苏里)的回忆使得马克•吐温产生了灵感，写出了他最著名的两部小说。因此选项B为答案。第16题Mostcometshavetwokindsoftails,onemadeupofdust,______madeupofelectricallychargedparticlescalledplasma.AoneanotherBtheotherCotheronesDeachother【正确答案】：B【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]形近识别。oneanother互相(原则上，两个人/两个时用eachother，三个人/三个以上则用oneanother)；如：Theylookedatoneanother．他们彼此看着对方；eachother相互；如：Theyrespecteachother．他们互相尊重；theother(在两个之中的)另一方(表示两者之中剩下的那一个)；因此应填B。第17题Wehavehadtoraisethepricesofourproductsbecauseoftheincreaseinthecostofmaterials.AprimitiveBroughCoriginalDraw【正确答案】：D【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]近义辨析。A．primitive原始的，粗糙的，简单的；B．rough粗糙的，粗略的，大致的，C．original最初的，原始的，独创的；D．raw未加工的，生的，处于自然状态的；此处是指原材料，因此答案为D。第18题______alanguagefamilyisagroupoflanguageswithacommonoriginandsimilarvocabulary,grammar,andsoundsystem.AWhatlinguistscallBItiscalledbylinguistsCLinguistscallitDWhatdolinguistscall【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]语法应用。本句是用名词性从句Whatdolinguistscallalanguagefamily作主语；意思是语言学家将一组有着共同起源，类似词汇、语法及音系的语言称为语系。第19题______getolder,thegamestheyplaybecomeincreasinglycomplex.AChildrenBChildren,whentheyCAschildrenDForchildrento【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]语法应用。本句逗号前是状语从句，空白处应填连词；主句主语是thegames，因此选项A、B、D均不对；只有as“随着”符合句意，所以C为答案。第20题Wheneverthegovernmentincreasespublicservices,______becausemoreworkersareneededtocarryouttheseservices.AemploymenttoriseBemploymentrisesCwhichrisingemploymentDtheriseofemployment【正确答案】：B【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]语法应用。逗号前是一个让步状语从句，because又引导一个原因状语从句，因此所填之处应为一个完整的主谓结构；B为答案。二、VocabularyReplacement（本大题15小题．每题1.0分，共15.0分。Thispartconsistsof15sentencesinwhichonewordorphraseisunderlined.Beloweachsentence,therearefourchoicesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA,B,CandD.YouaretoselecttheONEchoicethatcanreplacetheunderlinedwordwithoutcausinganygrammaticalerrororchangingtheprincipalmeaningofthesentence.Thereisonlyonerightanswer.）第1题Publicrelationspracticeisthedeliberate,plannedandsustainedefforttoestablishandmaintainmutualunderstandingbetweenanorganizationanditspublic.AcompleteBrelatedCintentionalDactive【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]形容词辨析。deliberate深思熟虑的，故意的；A．complete全部的，完成的；B．related叙述的，相关的；C．intentional有意图的，故意的；D．active积极的，主动的：因此选项C为答案。第2题Theserviceeconomydoesn'tsuggestthatweconvertourfactoriesintolaundriestosurvive.AimplyBpersuadeChurlDtransform【正确答案】：D【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]动词辨析。convert．使转变/转换，使……改变信仰；A．imply暗示，意味；B．persuade说服，劝说，(使)相信；C．hurl用力投掷，愤慨地说出；D．transform转换，改变，改造：因此选项D为答案。第3题TheultimatecauseoftheCivilWarwasthebombardmentofFortSumter.AonlyBfinalCtrueDspecial【正确答案】：B【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]形容词辨析。ultimate最后的，最终的，根本的；A．only唯一的，单独的，最好的；B．final最后的，最终的，决定性的；C．true真实的，真正的，正确的，忠实的；D．special特别的，特殊的，专门的；因此选项B为答案。第4题Mostspeciesofthisplantthriveinordinarywell-drainedgardensoilandtheyarebestplanted8cmdeepand5cmapart.AdevelopwellBgrowtallerCmatureDbearfruit【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]动词辨析。thrive兴旺，繁荣，茁壮成长：A．developwell生长，发展，发育得好；B．growtaller渐渐长高；C．mature成熟，到期：D．bearfruit结出果实，奏效：因此选项A为答案。第5题Jimwasastoutoldgentleman,withaweather-beatencountenance.AbodyBskinCshoulderDpassionateinterest【正确答案】：B【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]名词辨析。countenance面容，脸色，支持；A．body身体，肉体，团体；B．skin皮肤，外皮：C．shoulder肩，肩部；D．passionateinterest强烈的兴趣；因此选项B为答案。第6题Theuseofthenewtechnologywillhaveaprofoundeffectonschools.AnegativeBpositiveCstrongDuseful【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]形容词辨析。profound深刻的，意义深远的，渊博的，A．negative否定的，消极的，负的；B．positive肯定的，积极的，确实的；C．strong强大的，强烈的：D．useful有用的，有益的：因此选项C为答案。第7题Hehasatouchofeccentricityinhiscomposition.AessayBwritingCcharacterDmanner【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]名词辨析。composition作文，成分，气质，脾性；A．essay散文，小品文，随笔，评论；B．writing笔记，作品，著述；C．character性格，特征，特性，D．manner礼貌，风格，样式；本句话意为：他的性格有些古怪。因此选项C为答案。第8题Themoststrikingtechnologicalsuccessinthe20thcenturyisprobablythecomputerrevolution.AprofitableBproductiveCprominentDprompt【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]形容词辨析。striking显著的，惊人的，A．profitable有利可图的；B．productive生产性的，多产的；C．prominent卓越的，显著的；D．prompt敏捷的，及时的；因此选项C为答案。第9题Shellfishgivethedeceptiveappearanceofenjoyingapeacefulexistence,althoughinfactlifeisaconstantstruggleforthem.AmisleadingBcalmCunderstandableDinitial【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]形容词辨析。deceptive欺骗性的；A．misleading令人误解的，骗人的，引入歧途的；B．calm平静的，沉着的；C．understandable可以理解的，可懂的；D．initial最初的，词首的，初始的：因此选项A是答案。第10题Motivationisthedrivingforcewithinindividualsthatimpelsthemtoaction.AimpedesBinterferesCholdsDpushes【正确答案】：D【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]动词辨析。impels推动，推进，激励，趋势；A．impedes阻止；B．interferes干涉，妨碍，抵触；C．holds保存，把握；D．pushes推动，推行，逼迫；因此选项D为答案。第11题Scientificevidencefromdifferentdisciplinesdemonstratesthatinmosthumansthelefthemisphereofthebraincontrolslanguage.AgroupsoffollowersByearsCcountriesDfieldsofstudy【正确答案】：D【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]名词辨析。disciplines纪律，学科；A．groupsoffollowers追随者团体：B．years年龄，年代：C．countries国家；D．fieldsofstudy研究领域；因此选项D为答案。第12题IfwelookattheChineseandBritishconceptsofhospitality,wefindonemajorsimilaritybutanumberofimportantdifferences.AhostilityBfriendlinessCmannerDculture【正确答案】：B【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]名词辨析。hospitality好客，宜人，盛情；A．hostility敌意，不友善，敌对：B．friendliness友谊，友善，亲切；C．manner礼貌，风格，方式；D．culture文化，文明，因此选项B为答案。第13题Itwasratherstrangehowthehabitsofhisyouthclungtohimstill.Hewas72.AstucktoBturnedCledtoDgavewayto【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]动词词组辨析。clungto(clingto)粘紧，依附，坚持(意见)，墨守(习惯)；A．stuckto(stickto)粘住，坚持；B．turned转动，扭转；C．ledto(leadto)通向，导致；D．gavewayto(givewayto)撤退，让步，退让；因此选项A为答案。第14题Injustthreeyears,theNethasgonefromaplaygroundforthelocalpeopletoavastcommunicationsandtradingcenterwheremillionsswapinformationordodealsaroundtheworld.AbusinessBshoppingCchattingDmeeting【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]名词辨析。deals交易，买卖，A．business商业，买卖，交易，生意，商行，B．shopping买东西，购物；C．chatting聊天；D．meeting会议，机会，会战；因此选项A为答案。第15题NoheroofancientormodemdayscansurpasstheIndianswiththeirloftycontemptofdeathandthefortitudewithwhichtheysustainitscruelestaffliction.AregardBcourageClossDtrick【正确答案】：B【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]名词辨析。fortitude坚韧，坚强的勇气，刚毅；A．regard关心，问候，尊重；B．courage勇气，精神，胆量；C．loss损失，遗失，失败；D．trick诡计，骗局，恶作剧，窍门；因此选项B为答案。三、CorrectingGrammaticalErrors（本大题14小题．每题1.0分，共14.0分。Thispartconsistsof15sentencesinwhichthereisanunderlinedpartthatindicatesagrammaticalerrorBeloweachsentence,therearefourchoicesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA,B,CandD.YouaretoselecttheONEchoiceandreplacetheunderlinedelement(s)sothattheerroriserasedandcorrected.Thereisonlyonerightanswer.）第1题ThefirstrecordeduseofnaturalgastolightstreetlampsitwasinthetownofFrederick,NewYork,in1825.AwasBisCitisDwere【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]结构应用。划线部分应填be动词(thefirstrecordeduseofnaturalgas是主语，tolightstreetlamps是状语)；又因发生在过去，用过去时；所以选项A是答案。第2题Furnituremakersusegluetoholdjointstogetherandsometimestoreinforceit.AitsBfastChardDthem【正确答案】：D【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]代词应用。所填之词应指代前面提到的joints，是名词复数，所以应用代词them来代替。因此选项D为答案。第3题Alllivingcreaturespassoninheritedtraitsfromonegenerationtoother.AtheotherBanotherCothersDotherone【正确答案】：B【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]代词搭配。根据句意：所有的生物都是一代一代地向下传递其遗传特性。another另一个，泛指同类事物中的另一个；本句是指从一代向另一代传递，因此fromonetoanother是正确选项。第4题Unlikecompetitiverunning,racewalkersmustalwayskeepsomeportionoftheirfeetincontactwiththeground.ArunBrunnerCrunnersDrunningrace【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]名词应用。本句意为：跟赛跑者不一样，竞走者必须始终使脚的某一部分接触地面。在此相比较的是赛跑者与竞走者，因此答案应在B、C中选择，又因主语racewalkers是复数，所以选项C是答案。第5题TheeasternbluebirdisconsideredthemostattractivebirdnativeofNorthAmericabymanybird-watchers.AnativeBnativewithCnativebyDnativeto【正确答案】：D【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]习惯搭配。native表示“(某地)固有的，原产的；(动植物)特有的”之意时，后面一般加to+名词，如：animalsnativetoAfrica非洲原产的动物；因此选项D是答案。第6题Machinesthatusehydraulicpressureincludingelevators,dentistchairs,andautomobilebrakes.AexcludeBexcludingCincludeDareincluded【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]结构应用。划线部分应填本句的谓语动词(machines是主语，thatusehydraulicpressure是定语)；根据句意，谓语动词应表“包括”之意，且在此不表被动，因此选项C是答案。第7题Allrootvegetablesgrowunderground,andnotallvegetablesthatgrowundergroundareroots.AbutBorCasDthus【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]结构应用。根据句意，前后两句应是转折关系，因此连接词应是表示转折关系的but，而不能用表示并列关系的and；因此选项A是答案。or表示“或”；as“当……之时，随着”；thus“因此，这样”。第8题Allmammalshavehair,butnotalwaysevident.AbutitisnotBbutitisCbuttheyarenotDbuttheyare【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]结构应用。此句意为：所有的哺乳动物都有毛发，但并不明显。but引导的句子主语应是指代前面所提的整件事，而不是前句主语allmammals；因此主语应用it；如用选项B，本句就不能用but连接了；因此只有选项A是答案。第9题Apromisingnoteisawrittenagreementtopayacertainsumofmoneyatsometimefuture.AtimefuturesBfuturesCfuturestimeDfuturetime【正确答案】：D【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]结构应用。此处要注意词序：时间状语是at…time，如：atthis(that)time在这(那)时；future在此是形容词“未来的，将来的”，作time的定语；因此选项D是答案。第10题Notmuchpeoplerealizethatappleshavebeencultivatedforover3,000years.ANotmanyBNotenoughCWithoutmanyDNomany【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]习惯搭配。根据句意：知道苹果已种植了3，000多年的人不多。people是复数名词，用notmuch形容不对；而notmany意为“不多”；如：Notmanyhighschoolstudentscanstudyabroad．高中生能去留学的不多。因此选项A为答案。第11题Althoughthesocialsciencesdifferentagreatdealfromoneanother,theyshareacommoninterestinhumanrelationship.AmoveBdifferCchangeDvaries【正确答案】：B【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]习惯搭配。根据句意：尽管各门社会科学之间有很大的差异，它们却都对人际关系有着共同的兴趣。其中表示：……与……不同，应用动词词组differ…from；而varyfrom指“不规则地改变成断断续续地改变，强调变化的多样性”，有时也指事物在不同地点、时间、条件下的变化或差异，如：Theweathervariesfromhourtohourinsomemountaindistricts．在某些山区，天气时刻变化。所以只有选项B是答案。第12题Thehard,outsurfaceofthetoothiscalledenamel.AoutsideBappearanceCouterDhiding【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]形容词应用。outside和outer均有“外部的”意思。但outside一般指物体的外表或表面；而outer指一种相对性，即相对于内部而言的外部或外表；appearance外貌，外观；hiding隐匿；在此指牙齿的外表面，是相对于内部而言的，因此选项C为答案。第13题Theearliestformofartificiallightingwasfire,whichalsoprovidedwarmandprotection.AhotBsunshineCwarmthDsafe【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]名词应用。此句意为：人工照明的最早方式就是火，而且火还能提供温暖和保护。所填之处应是一个名词，因此应为选项C。第14题NewYorkCitysurpassedtheotherAtlanticseaportsinpartlybecauseitdevelopedthebesttransportationlinkswiththeinteriorofthecountry.ApartBpartialCpartnerDparting【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]结构应用。本句意为：纽约市在有些方面胜过其他大西洋沿岸的港口城市，因为它与其他内陆城市发展起了最好的交通联系。在此要表达“部分地，在有些方面”，应用partly或inpart(介词in后不能用副词partly，应当用名词part)；而partial部分的，局部的，偏袒的；partner合伙人，股东；parting分别，分歧出；因此选项A是答案。四、ReadingComprehension（共50小题,共50.0分）Inthissectionyouwillfindaftereachofthepassagesanumberofquestionsorunfinishedstatementsaboutthepassage,eachwithfour(A,B,CandD)suggestedanswersorwaysoffinishing.Youmustchoosetheonewhichyouthinkfitsbest.第1题PhyllisWheatleyisregardedasAmerica'sfirstblackpoet.ShewasborninSenegal,Africa,about1753andbroughttoAmericaaboardaslaveshipatabouttheageofseven.JohnandSusannahWheatleyboughtherforthreepoundsataslaveauctioninBostonin1761tobeapersonalservantofMrs.Wheatley.Thefamilyhadthreeotherslaves,andallweretreatedwithrespect.Phylliswassoonacceptedasoneofthefamily,whichincludedbeingraisedandeducatedwiththeWheatley'stwin15-year-oldchildren,MaryandNathaniel.Atthattime,mostfemales,evenfrombetterfamilies,couldnotreadandwrite,butMarywasprobablyoneofthebesteducatedyoungwomeninBoston.Marywantedtobecomeateacher,andinfact,itwasMarywhodecidedtotakechargeofPhyllis'seducation.Phyllissoondisplayedherremarkabletalents.AttheageoftwelveshewasreadingtheGreekandLatinclassicsandpassagesfromtheBible.Andeventually,Mrs.WheatleydecidedPhyllisshouldbecomeaChristian.AttheageofthirteenPhylliswroteherfirstpoem.ShebecameaBostonsensationaftershewroteapoemonthedeathoftheevangelicalpreacherGeorgeWhitfieldin1770.ItbecamecommonpracticeinBostontohave"Mrs.Wheatley'sPhyllis"readpoetryinpolitesociety.Marymarriedin1771,andPhyllislatermovedtothecountrybecauseofpoorhealth,asateacherandcaretakertoafarmer'sthreechildren.MaryhadtriedtointerestpublishersinPhyllis'spoemsbutoncetheyheardshewasaNegrotheyweren'tinterested.Thenin1773PhylliswentwithNathaniel,whowasnowabusinessman,toLondon.Itwasthoughtthataseavoyagemightimproveherhealth.Thirty-nineofherpoemswerepublishedinLondonasPoemsonVariousSubjects,ReligiousandMoral.ItwasthefirstbookpublishedbyablackAmerican.In1775PhylliswroteapoemextollingtheaccomplishmentsofGeorgeWashingtonandsentittohim.Herespondedbypraisinghertalentsandinvitinghertovisithisheadquarters.Afterbothofherbenefactorsdiedin1777,andMarydiedin1778,Phylliswasfreedasaslave.Shemarriedin1778,movedawayfromBoston,andhadthreechildren.Butaftertheunhappymarriage,shemovedbacktoBoston,anddiedinpovertyattheageofthirty.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?ASlaveryandthetreatmentoftheblackpeopleinAmerica.BTheWheatleyfamily,includingtheirslaves.CThelifeofAmerica'sfirstblackpoet.DTheachievementsofPhyllisWheatley.【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]主旨题型。本文首先谈及她是美国第一个黑人诗人，后描写了她出生在非洲，被贩卖黑奴的船只带到美国，被JohnandSusannahWheatley买去，与其他黑奴一样在这家受到尊重；跟从JohnandSusannahWheatley的女儿Mary受教育……；十三岁写出她的第一首诗……；后结婚生子，最终三十岁时穷困而死，因此选项C是答案。第2题Theunderlinedword"respect"inParagraph1isclosestinmeaningtoAconsiderationBdisregardCpunishmentDbehavior【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]词义题型。从第一段可以看出她虽被卖为奴隶，却受到良好的对待，甚至不久就被当作是家庭的一员(Phylliswassoonacceptedasoneofthefamily)，因此respect在此应为consideration体贴，照顾：选项A正确。其余几个选项全是反义。第3题Accordingtothepassage,howmanyslavesdidtheWheatley'shave?AOne.BTwo.CThree.DFour.【正确答案】：D【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]细节题型。见第一段第四句：Thefamilyhadthreeotherslaves，……她也是被买为奴隶的，……因此这家有4个奴隶；选项D为答案。第4题Accordingtothepassage,anunusualfeatureofMarywasthatsheAwasnotmucholderthanPhyllisBwantedtobecomeateacherCwascomparativelywelleducatedDdecidedtotakechargeofPhyllis'seducation【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]细节题型。尽管选项B、C、D都与文章内容相符，但本题问的是Mary本身拥有的与众不同的特点，所以选项C为答案。第5题Theunderlinedword"eventually"inParagraph1isclosestinmeaningtoAultimatelyBslowlyCreluctantlyDgradually【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]词义题型。eventually最后，终于；文章提到Mrs．Wheatley一家将她买为奴隶，却抚养教育她，最终Mrs．Wheatley决定让她成为一个基督徒。选项B．缓慢地：C．不情愿地；D．逐渐地；均不符合题意；因此只有选项A是答案。第6题WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutPhyllisintheearly1770s?AShewroteherfirstpoemwheninherteens.BShemarriedin1771.CShebecameateacher.DShewasabletogetherpoemspublished.【正确答案】：B【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]细节题型。选项A在第二段第一句中提及；选项C在第二段倒数第二句中提及；选项D在第三段第三句中提及：只有选项B是错误的：因此B为答案。第7题Theunderlinedword"they"inParagraph2refersto______.ApublishersBpoemsCchildrenDblackpeople【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]细节题型。此句意为：Mary试图使出版商对Phyllis的诗感兴趣，但一旦他们听说Phyllis是个黑人时，就兴趣索然。因此此处的they指的应是选项A。第8题ItcanbeinferredthatPhyllis'striptoEnglandwithNathanielin1773______.AdidnotimproveherhealthBwasforbusinessreasonsCledtobooksofherpoemsbeingavailableinAmericaDledtothepublicationofherpoemsbecausetheEnglishweremoreinterestedinreligiousandmoralsubjects【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]推断题型。由第三段第二句(Itwasthoughtthataseavoyagemightimproveherhealth．)可知这只是人们的希望，并不见得能实现；因此选项A为答案。第9题Theword"extolling"isclosestinmeaningto______.AwelcomingBstatingCbemoaningDpraising【正确答案】：D【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]词义题型。根据上下文，她写诗“extolling”华盛顿的成就并将诗送给他。因此，extolling应为“赞美”之意，选项D正确。第10题WhichofthefollowingconclusionsaboutPhyllisissupportedbythepassage?AShewouldhavebeenmorerecognizedasapoetifshehadnotbeenblack.BShewouldhavewrittenpoetryifshehadstayedinAfrica.CShewentunrecognizedasapoetduringherlifetime.DSheonlywrotereligiouspoetry.【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]主旨题型。根据全文得知：她才华横溢，十二岁时即能看希腊、罗马名著和圣经，十三岁时写出第一首诗……，但当出版商们得知她是黑人就对她不感兴趣了……。因此我们可总结出：如果她不是黑人，她会得到更多的认可。选项A正确。第11题Aboutfiftyyearsago,plantphysiologistssetouttogrowrootsbythemselvesinsolutionsinlaboratoryflasks.Thescientistsfoundthatthenutritionofisolatedrootswasquitesimple.Theyrequiredsugarandtheusualmineralsandvitamins.However,theydidnotrequireorganicnitrogencompounds.Theserootsgotalongfineonmineralinorganicnitrogen.Rootsarecapableofmakingtheirownproteinsandotherorganiccompounds.Theseactivitiesbyrootsrequireenergy,ofcourse.TheprocessofrespirationusessugartomakethehighenergycompoundATP,whichdrivesthebiochemicalreactions.Respirationalsorequiresoxygen.Highlyactiverootsrequireagooddealofoxygen.Thestudyofisolatedrootshasprovidedanunderstandingoftherelationshipbetweenshootsandrootsinintactplants.Theleavesoftheshootsprovidetherootswithsugarandvitamins,andtherootsprovidetheshootswithwaterandminerals.Inaddition,rootscanprovidetheshootswithorganicnitrogencompounds.Thiscomesinhandyforthegrowthofbudsintheearlyspringwhenleavesarenotyetfunctioning.Onceleavesbeginphotosynthesizing,theyproduceprotein,butonlymatureleavescan"export"proteintotherestoftheplantintheformofaminoacids.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?ATherelationshipbetweenaplant'srootsanditsshoots.BWhatcanbelearnedbygrowingrootsinisolation.CHowplantscanbegrownwithoutroots.DWhatelementsarenecessaryforthegrowthofplants.【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]主旨题型。见本文主旨句，第二段第一句：Thestudyofisolatedrootshasprovidedanunderstandingoftherelationshipbetweenshootsandrootsinintactplants．(第一段谈的是thestudyofisolatedroots；第二段谈的是therelationshipbetweenshootsandroots)：因此选项A应为答案。第12题Theunderlinedword"themselves"inParagraph1refersto______.AplantphysiologistsBsolutionsClaboratoryflasksDroots【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]细节题型。见第一段第一句：Aboutfiftyyearsago，plantphysiologistssetouttogrowrootsbythemselves．insolutionsinlaboratoryflasks．这里指plantphysiologists自己培育根用作物：因此themselves在此应为正确选项。第13题Thescientistsfoundwhattheisolatedrootsneedis______.AquitenaturalBsugar,mineralsandvitaminsCsomerarevitaminsDorganicnitrogencompounds【正确答案】：B【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]细节题型。见第一段第三句：Theyrequiredsugarandtheusualmineralsandvitamins．所以选项B是答案。第14题Rootshavetheabilityto______.AmakeproteinsBobtainfreshairCproduceinorganicnitrogenDcarryoutactivitieswithoutenergy【正确答案】：A【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]细节题型。见第一段第六句：Rootsarecapableofmakingtheirownproteinsandotherorganiccompounds．所以选项A是答案。第15题Accordingtothepassage,whatisATP?AAbiochemicalprocess.BThetipofaroot.CAchemicalcompound.DAtypeofplantcell.【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]推断题型。第一段提到(块)根需要sugarandtheusualmineralsandvitamins，但不需要organicnitrogencompounds，因(块)根可自造所需的蛋白质和其它organiccompounds；这里反复提到的organiccompounds应包括thehighenergycompoundATP(见第一段倒数第二句)；因此可推断出选项C(一种化合物)为答案。第16题Theunderlinedword"intact"inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto______.AmatureBwildCwholeDtiny【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]词义题型。本句意为：对于分离出(孤立)的根所做的研究为了解根和芽作为一植物______的关系提供了帮助。当然intact应为：包括根和芽的植物整体；因此选项C为答案。第17题Theuseofthephrase"comesinhandy"underlinedinParagraph2indicatesthattheprocessis______.AunavoidableBpredictableCnecessaryDsuccessful【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]词义题型。见第二段第四句：Thiscomesinhandyforthegrowthofbudsintheearlyspringwhenleavesarenotyetfunctioning．这对于芽(蓓蕾)在早春的生长很是必要，因为叶在那时还没有起作用。所以comesinhandy应表“必要”，所以选项C为答案。第18题Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat,intheearlyspring,thebudsofplants______.A"export"proteinintheformofaminoacidsBdonotrequirewaterChavebegunphotosynthesizingDobtainorganiccompoundsfromtheroot【正确答案】：D【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]推断题型。见第二段第三、四句，根为芽提供有机氮，这对于芽(蓓蕾)在早春的生长很是必要，因为叶在那时还没有起作用。因此可推断出；在那时，植物的芽是从根处获得有机化合物的；所以选项D为答案。第19题Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthepassage?ATheresultsoftwoexperimentsarecompared.BAgeneralizationismade,andseveralexamplesofitaregiven.CThefindingsofanexperimentareexplained.DAhypothesisispresented,andseveralmeansofprovingitaresuggested.【正确答案】：C【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]主旨题型。第二段第一句为本文的主旨。而这是植物生理学家通过研究种植在实验瓶中的根，及在此基础上研究根、芽作为植物整体间的关系取得的：本文对此作了较详尽的解释。因此选项C为答案。第20题Whereisthispassagelikelytobefound?AAnewsletter.BAmagazine.CAstorybook.DAnovel.【正确答案】：B【本题分数】：1.0分【答案解析】[分析]推断题型。根据本篇文章的结构和文体，不可能是一篇时事通讯(因发生在大约50年前)，也不会是一篇故事或小说，在此只可能是发表在一份专业刊物上，因此选项B为答案。第21题Naturalflavoringsandfragrancesareoftencostlyandlimitedinsupply.Forexample,thevitalingredientinarosefragranceisextractedfromnaturalroseoilatacostofthousandsofdollarsapound;anidenticalsyntheticsubstancecanbemadefor1%ofthiscost.Sincetheearlytwentiethcentury,successinreproducingthesesubstanceshascreatedanewindustrythattodayproduceshundredsofartificialflavorsandfragrances.Somenaturalfragrancesareeasilysynthesized;theseincludevanillin,thearomaticingredientinvanilla,andbenzaldehyde,thearomaticingredientinwildcherries.Otherfragrances,however,havedozens,evenhundredsofcomponents.Onlyrecentlyhasitbeenpossibletoseparateandidentifytheseingredientsbytheuseofgaschromatographyandspectroscopy.Oncethechemicalidentityisknown,itisoftenpossibletosynthesizethem.Nevertheless,somecomplexsubstances,suchasthearomaoffreshcoffee,havestillnotbeenduplicatedsatisfactorily.Manyofthechemicalcompoundsmakingupthesesyntheticsareidenticaltothosefoundinnature,andareasharmlessorharmfulasthenaturalsubstances.Newproductsmustbetestedforsafety,andwhenusedinfood,mustbeapprovedbytheU.S.FoodandDrugAdministration.Theavailabilityofsyntheticflavorsandfragranceshasmadepossiblealargevarietyofproducts,frominexpensivebeveragestoperfumedsoaptousedcarswithapplied"newcarodor."Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat______.AnaturalflavoringsandfragrancesarenotquitedearBthelimitationofnaturalflavoringsandfragrancesisclearCthesupplyofnaturalflavoringsandfragrancesisadequatetomeetthedemandDthecostofproducingnaturalflavoringsandfragrance