外研必修3课件-grammar

Module2Module2DevelopingandDevelopedCountriesGrammar连词可分为并列连词和从属连词。并列连词：表转折或对比:but,while,yet,however连接词(Linkwords)表选择:or,otherwise等。e.g.Seizethechance,oryouwillregretit.

表联合:and,when等。e.g.Weshouldkeeptheroomcleanand

tidy.表因果:for,so等。e.g.It’smorning,forthebirdsaresinging.其他平行或对称结构：Not…but…,both…and…,either…or…,neither…nor…,notonly…butalso…,wouldrather…than…等。e.g.Notonlywaseverythinginhisclassroomtakenaway,butalsoinhisbedroom.从属连词:表时间：when,while,since,assoonas等。e.g.IwillgetintouchwithyouassoonasIarrived.表原因：as,because,since等。e.g.Iknowit’strue,becauseIreadaboutitintheofficialreport.表条件：if,unless,aslongas。e.g.Hewillnotcomeunlessheisinvited.表地点：where,wherever。e.g.Whereveryougo,keepintouchwithme.表目的：sothat,inorderthat,incase。e.g.Hetookataxitothestationinorderthatheshouldnotmissthetrain.表结果：so,sothat。e.g.Itwasverycold,sothatthewaterinbowlfroze.表让步：though/although。e.g.Although/ThoughIlivenearthesea,I’mnotagoodswimmer.表方式：as,asif/though。e.g.Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.表比较：as…as,than。e.g.Thisriveristentimesaslongasthatone.1.Schoolsinthenortharewell-equipped,

whilethoseinthesoutharepoor.2.WhileI’mcleaningthefloor,youcancleanthewindows.3.Whilewedon’tagreewitheachother,wecontinuetobefriends.请观察下列句子,注意总结while和although的用法。4.AlthoughborninChicago,theauthorismostfamousforhisstoriesaboutNewYorkCity.5.Althoughhesaidhewasill,yetIsawhiminthestreetjustnow.【总结归纳】1.while的用法1)

表示对比,

意为“而;然而”。2)

引导时间状语从句,

意为“当……时候;在……期间”,强调某一段时间内主句和从句的动作在同一时期发生,while从句中的动词通常是持续性动词。3)引导让步状语从句,

意为“虽然,尽管”,多放在句首。2.although的用法

although为从属连词,意为“虽然,尽管”,引导让步状语从句。注意以下两点:although在多数情况下可与though通用,在正式文中,though可用于一种不以其为首的让步状语从句,须以形容词、名词或动词(原形)等开头。整个从句须置于主句之前。这时although不能替换though。e.g.Tiredthoughhewas,hewentonworking.他虽然累,但还是继续工作。2)although所引导的从句不能与but,and,so,however等连用,但可以和副词yet,still等连用。1.Iwasgoingtowriteyoualetter,butIlostyouraddress.2.However,IcandiscussthisallwhenIseeyou.3.Hesaidthatitwasso;hewasmistaken,

however.4.Hehasn’tarrived.Hemay,however,comelater.请观察下列句子,注意总结however和but的用法。【总结归纳】but与however都表示“但是,然而”,都可以引导并列句,

但二者用法有些区别。1.从语义上看,but所表示的是非常明显的对比,转折的意味较however要强。2.从语法上看,but是个并列连词,而

however是个连接副词。3.从语序上看,but总是位于它所引出的分句之首,而however却可位于分句之首、之中或之尾。4.从标点上说,but之后一般不使用逗号,

但however则通常用逗号与句子其他部分分开。Jointhesentencesusingthewordsinbrackets.1.Developedcountriesarerich.Theydon’tgiveenoughfinancialhelptodevelopingcountries.(although)Althoughdevelopedcountriesarerich,theydon’tgiveenoughfinancialhelptodevelopingcountries.2.Europehasalotofindustry.Africadoesnothavemuch.(while)

Europehasalotofindustry,whileAfricadoesnothavemuch.

3.InsomepartofEurope,esarehigh.Inotherparts,theyaremuchlower.(while)InsomepartofEurope,esarehigh,whileinotherparts,theyaremuchlower.4.Thereispovertyinthisarea.Peoplearehappierthaninthecity.(although)

Althoughthereispovertyinthisarea.Peoplearehappierthaninthecity.

5.Somechildrenreceiveagoodeducation.Othersnevergotoschoolatall.(while)Somechildrenreceiveagoodeducation.whileothersnevergotoschoolatall.6.Lifeexpectancyisstilllow.Ithasimprovedinthelasttenyears.(although)

AlthoughLifeexpectancyisstilllow.Ithasimprovedinthelasttenyears.

I.Completethesentenceswithand/however/while/although.1.BritishEnglish____AmericanEnglisharemoreorlessthesame.2.________itwasnotsafetostayinthehouse,theydidn’tmoveatall.andAlthoughExercises3.Heknowssomanydifficultiesareinfrontofhim.Hewillnot,________,giveup.4.Hewantstostudyabroad,_____hisbrotherwantstostayathome.howeverwhileII.Translatethefollowingsentences

intoEnglish.他个子矮而他兄弟个子高。他很努力,然而还是失败了。3.痛得厉害,可是他并不呻吟。Heisshort,whilehisbrotheristall.Heworkedhard.However,hefailed.Thepainwasbad,buthedidnotcomplain.1._____Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.A.WhileB.SinceC.BeforeD.Unless2.______modelingbusinessisbynomeanseasytogetinto,thegoodmodelwillalwaysbeindemand.A.WhileB.SinceC.AsD.IfIII.Choosethebestanswer.3.Youshouldtrytogetagoodnight’ssleep____muchworkyouhavetodo.A.howeverB.nomatterC.althoughD.whatever4.—HaveyoubeentoNewZealand?—No,I’dliketo,_____.A.tooB.thoughC.yetD.either

5._____youcallmetosayyou’renotcoming,I’llseeyouatthetheatre.A.ThoughB.WhetherC.UntilD.Unless6.Idoeverysinglebitofhousework____myhusband-Bobjustdoesthedishesnowandthen.A.sinceB.whileC.whenD.as7.Paulhadtowriteahistorypaper,_____hecouldn’tfindtimetodoit.A.butB.soC.becauseD.ifChoosethecorrectanswer.1.____theInternetisofgreathelp,Idon’tthinkit’sagoodideatospendtoomuchtimeonit.

A.IfB.WhileC.BecauseD.AsB高考链接2.Insomeplaceswomenareexpectedtoearnmoney_____menworkathome