2010-2017八年高考英语真题阅读时事新闻类

考点5时事新闻类1. （2017江苏）Anewcommoditybringsaboutahighlyprofitable,fast-growingindustry,urgingantitrust（反垄断）regulatorstostepintocheckthosewhocontrolitsflow.Acenturyago,theresourceinquestionwasoil.Nowsimilarconcernsaresbeingraisedbythegiants（巨头）thatdealindata,theoilofthedigitalage.ThemostvaluablefirmsareGoogle,Amazon,FacebookandMicrosoft.Alllookunstoppable.SuchsituationshaveledtocallsforthetechgiantstobebrokenupButsizealoneisnotacrime.Thegiants,successhasbenefitedconsumers.Fewwanttolivewithoutsearchenginesoraquickdelivery.Farfromchargingconsumershighprices,manyoftheseservicesarefree（userspay,ineffect,byhandingoveryetmoredata）.Andtheappearanceofnew-borngiantssuggeststhatnewcomerscanmakewaves,too．Butthereiscauseforconcern．Theinternethasmadedataabundant,all-presentandfarmorevaluable,changingthenatureofdataandcompetition.Googleinitiallyusedthedatacollectedfromuserstotargetadvertisingbetter.Butrecentlyithasdiscoveredthatdatacanbeturnedintonewservices:translationandvisualrecognition,tobesoldtoothercompanies.Internetcompanies,controlofdatagivesthemenormouspower.Sotheyhavea“God’seyeview”ofactivitiesintheirownmarketsandbeyond.ThisnatureofdatamakestheantitrustmeasuresofthepastlessusefulBreakingupfirmslikeGoogleintofivesmalloneswouldnotstopremakingthemselves:intimeoneofthemwouldbecomegreatagain.Arethinkisrequired—andasanewapproachstartstobecomeapparent,twoideasstandout.Thefirstisthatantitrustauthoritiesneedtomoveformtheindustrialageintothe21stcentury.Whenconsideringamerger（兼并），forexample,theyhavetraditionallyusedsizetodeterminewhentostepin.Theynowneedtotakeintoaccounttheextentoffirms,dataassets（资产）whenassessingtheimpactofdeals.Thepurchasepricecouldalsobeasignalthatanestablishedcompanyisbuyinganew-bornthreat.Whenthistakesplace,especiallywhenanew-borncompanyhasnorevenuetospeakof,theregulatorsshouldraiseredflags.Thesecondprincipleistoloosenthecontrolthatprovidersofon-lineserviceshaveoverdataandgivemoretothosewhosupplythem.CompaniescouldbeforcedtoconsumerswhatinformationtheyholdandhowmanymoneytheymakeformitGovemmentscouldorderthesharingofcertainkindsofdata,withusers,consent.RestartingantitrustfortheinformationagewillnotbeeasyButifgovemmentsdon,twantsadataoconomybyafewgiants,theymustactsoon.Whyisthereacalltobreakupgiants?TheyhavecontrolledthedatamarketTheycollectenormousprivatedataTheynolongerprovidefreeservicesTheydismissedsomenew-borngiantsWhatdoesthetechnologicalinnovationinParagraph3indicate?Datagiants,technologyisveryexpensiveGoogle/sideaispopularamongdatafirmsDatacanstrengthengiants/controllingpositionDatacanbeturnedintonewservicesorproductsBypayingattentiontofirms/dataassetsantitrustregulatorscould.A.killanewthreat B.avoidthesizetrapC．favourbiggerfirms D．chargehigherpricesWhatisthepurposeoflooseningthegiants/controlofdata?Bigcompaniescouldrelievedatasecuritypressure.Governmentscouldrelievetheirfinancialpressure.Consumerscouldbetterprotecttheirprivacy.Smallcompaniescouldgetmoreopportunities.（2016北京）SurvivingHurricaneSandy（飓风桑迪）NatalieDoan,14,hasalwaysfeltluckytoliveinRockaway,NewYork.Livingjustafewblocksfromthebeach,Nataliecanseetheoceanandhearthewavefromherhouse."It/stheoceanthatmakesRockawaysospecial,”shesays.OnOctober29,2012,thatoceanturnedfierce. Thatnight,HurricaneSandyattackedtheEastCoast,andRockawaywashitespeciallyhard. Fortunately,Natalie,sfamilyescapedtoBrooklynshortlybeforethecity,sbridgeclosed.WhentheyreturnedtoRockawaythenextday,theyfoundtheirneighborhoodinruins.ManyofNatalie,sfriendshadlosttheirhomesandwerelivingfarawayAllaroundher,peopleweresuffering,especiallytheelderly.Natalie/sschoolwassodamagedthatshehadtotemporarilyattendaschoolinBrooklyn.Inthefollowingfewdays,themenandwomenhelpingRockawayrecoverinspiredNatalie.VolunteerscamewithcarloadsofdonatedclothingandtoysNeighborsdevotedtheirsparetimetohelpingothersrebuild.Teenagersclimbeddozensofflightsofstairstodeliverwaterandfoodtoelderlypeopletrappedinpowerlesshigh-risebuildings.“MymomtellsmethatIcan,tcontrolwhathappenstome,“Nataliesays.“butIcanalwayschoosehowIdealwithit.”Natalie,schoicewastohelp．Shecreatedawebsitepagematchingsurvivorsinneedwithdonorswhowantedtohelp.NataliepostedintroductionaboutaboynamedPatrick,wholosthisbaseballcardcollectingwhenhishouseburneddown.Withindays,Patrick/scollectionwasreplaced.Inthecomingmonths,herwebsitepagehelpedlotsofkids：Christopher,whoreceivedanewbasketball；Charlie,whogotanewkeyboard.Nataliealsoworkedwithotherorganizationstobringmuch-needsuppliestoRockaway.Hereffortsmadeherafamousperson.LastApril,shewasinvitedtotheWhiteHouseandhonoredasaHurricaneSandyChampionofChange.Today,thescars（创痕）ofdestructionarestillseeninRockaway,buthopeisintheair.Thestreetsareclear,andmanyhomeshavebeenrebuilt.“Ican'timaginelivinganywherebutRockaway,”Nataliedeclares“Myneighborhoodwillbeback,evenstrongerthanbefore.”59.WhenNataliereturnedtoRockawayafterthehurricaneshefound.A.somefriendshadlosttheirlivesB．herneighborhoodwasdestroyedC．herschoolhadmovedtoBrooklynD.theelderlywerefreefromsuffering60. Accordingtoparagraph4,whoinspiredNataliemost?

ouuuoooThepeoplehelpingRockawayrebuildThepeopletrappedinhigh-risebuildingThevolunteersdonatingmoneytosurvivorsLocalteenagersbringingclothingtoelderlypeople61.HowdidNataliehelpthesurvivors?ShegavehertoystothekidsShetookcareofyoungerchildrenShecalledontheWhiteHousetohelpShebuiltaninformationsharingplatform62.Whatdoesthestoryintendtotellus?LittlepeoplecanmakeabigdifferenceAfriendinneedisafriendindeedEastorwest,homeisbest3.D.3.D.Technologyispower（2015新课标I）SalvadorDali（1904-1989）wasoneofthemostpopularofmodernartists.ThePompidouCentreinParisisshowingitsrespectandadmirationfortheartistandhispowerfulpersonalitywithanexhibitionbringingtogetherover200paintings,sculptures,drawingsandmore.Amongtheworksandmasterworksonexhibitionthevisitorwillfindthebestpieces,mostimportantlyThePersistenceofMemory.ThereisalsoL'EnigmesansFinfrom1938,worksonpaper,objects,andprojectsforstageandscreenandselectedpartsfromtelevisionprogrammesreflectingtheartist,sshowmanqualities.ThevisitorwillentertheWorldofDalithroughaneggandismetwiththebeginning,theworldofbirth.Theexhibitionfollowsapathoftimeandsubjectwiththevisitorexitingthroughthebrain.TheexhibitionshowshowDalidrawstheviewerbetweentwoinfinities（无限）."Fromtheinfinitysmalltotheinfinitylarge,contractionandexpansioncominginandoutoffocus:amazingFlemishaccuracyandtheshowyBaroqueofoldpaintingthatheusedinhismuseum-theatreinFigueras,”explainsthePompidouCentre.Thefineselectionofthemajorworkswasdoneinclosecollaboration（合作）withtheMuseoNacionalReinaSofiainMadrid,Spain,andwithcontributionsfromotherinstitutionsliketheSalvadorDaliMuseuminSt.Petersburg,Florida.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribeDaliaccordingtoParagraph1?A.0ptimistic.B.Productive.C.Generous.D.Traditional.WhatisDali,sThePersistenceofMemconsideredtobe?A.0neofhismasterworks. B.Asuccessfulscreenadaptation.C.Anartisticcreationforthestage. D.0neofthebeatTVprogrammes.HowaretheexhibitsarrangedattheWorldofDali?A. Bypopularity. B.Byimportance.C. Bysizeandshape. D. Bytimeandsubject.Whatdoestheword“contributions”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Artworks.B.Projects.C.Donations.D. Documents.（2015新课标II）Morestudentsthaneverbeforearetakingagap-year（间隔年）beforegoingtouniversity.Itusedtobecalledthe“yearoff”betweenschoolanduniversity.Thegapyearphenomenonoriginated（起源）withthemonthsleftoverto0xbridgeapplicantsbetweenentranceexamsinNovemberandthestartofthenextacademicyear.Thisyear,25,310studentswhohaveacceptedplacesinhighereducationinstitutionshaveputofftheirentryuntilnextyear,accordingtostatisticsonuniversityentranceprovidedbyUniversityandCollegeAdmissionsService（UCAS）.Thatisarecord14.7%increaseinthenumberofstudentstakingagapyear.TonyHigginsfromUCASsaidthatthestatisticsaregoodnewsforeveryoneinhighereducation.“Studentswhotakeawell-plannedyearoutaremorelikelytobesatisfiedwith,andcomplete,theirchosencourse.Studentswhotakeagapyearareoftenmorematureandresponsible,”hesaid.Butnoteveryoneishappy.0wainJames,thepresidentoftheNationalUnionofStudents（NUS）,arguedthattheincreaseisevidenceofstudenthadship-youngpeoplearebeingforcedintoearningmoneybeforefinishingtheireducation.“Newstudentsarenowawarethattheyarelikelytoleaveuniversityupto£15,000indebt.ItisnotsurprisingthatmoreandMorestudentsaretakingagapyeartoearnmoneytosupporttheirstudyforthedegree.NUSstatisticsshowthatover40%ofstudentsareforcedtoworkduringterm-timeandthefigureincreasesto90%duringvacationperiods,“hesaid.Whatdowelearnaboutthegapyearfromthetext?A.Itisflexibleinlength.B.Itisatimeforrelaxation.C.Itisincreasinglypopular.D. Itisrequiredbyuniversities.AccordingtoTonyHiggins,studentstakingagapyear.arebetterpreparedforcollegestudiesknowalotmoreabouttheirfuturejobsaremorelikelytoleaveuniversityindebthaveabetterchancetoentertopuniversitiesHowdoes0wainJamesfeelaboutthegap-yearphenomenon?A.He,spuzzled.B.He,sworried.C.He,ssurprised.D.He,sannoyed.WhatwouldmoststudentsdoontheirvacationaccordingtoNUSstatistics?A.Attendadditionalcourses.B.Makeplansforthenewterm.C.Earnmoneyfortheireducation.D. Preparefortheirgraduatestudies.（2014四川）Aschoolgirlsavedherfather'slifebykickinghiminthechestafterhesufferedaseriousallergic（过敏的）reactionwhichstoppedhisheart.Izzy,nine,restartedfatherColm'sheartbystamping（踩）onhischestafterhefelldownathomeandstoppedbreathing.Izzy'smother,Debbie,immediatelycalled999butIzzyknewdoctorswouldneverarriveintimetosaveherfather,sodecidedtousePR.However,shequicklydiscoveredherarmsweren9tstrongenough,soshestampedonherfather'schestinstead.Debbiethentookoverwithsomemoreconventionalchestcompressions（按压）untiltheambulancearrived.Izzy,whohasbeengivenabraveryawardbyherschool,said:"Ijustkickedhimreallyhard.MymumtaughtmeCPRbutIknewIwasn'tstrongenoughtousehands.Iwasquitescared.ThedoctorsaidImightaswellbeadoctororanurse.MymumsaidthatDad.wasgoingtohospitalwithabigfootprintonhischest.""She'salittlestar,"saidDebbie."IwasreallyupsetbutIzzyjusttookover.Ijustcan'tbelievewhatshedid.Ireallythinkallchildrenshouldbetaughtfirstaid.IzzydidCPRthenthedoctorturnedup.Colmhadtohavemoretreatmentonthewaytothehospitalandwe'vegottoseeanexpert."TruckdriverColm,35,sufferedamysteryallergicreactiononSaturdayandwastakentohospital,butwassenthomeonlyforittohappenagainthenextdayThesecondattackwassoseriousthathisairwayswelled,preventinghimfrombreathing,hisbloodpressuredroppedsuddenly,andhisheartstoppedforamoment.Hehasnowmadeafullrecoveryfromhissuffering.Izzykickedherfatherinthechest.toexpressherhelplessnesstopractiseCPRonhimC．tokeephimawakeD．torestarthisheartWhat'stherightorderoftheevents?IzzykickedColm.Debbiecalled999.IzzylearnedCPR.DColm'sheartstopped.. ③①②④ B.④②③①.③④②① D.④③①②WhatdoesParagraph8mainlytalkabout?A．WhatColmsuffered．Colm'spresentcondition.C．WhatcausedColm'sallergy．D.SymptomsofColm'sallergicreaction.

A.B.CA.B.C.D.Todescribeaseriousaccident.ToprovetheimportanceofCPRToreporta9-year-oldgirl'sbraveact.Tocallpeople'sattentiontoallergicreaction.6.（2013四川）L0ND0N—ABritishjudgeonThursdaysentencedabusinessmanwhosoldfake（假冒的）bombdetectors（探测器）t010yearsinprison,sayingthemanhadn'tcaredaboutpotentiallydeadlyconsequences.ItisbelievedthatJamesMcCormickgotabout$77.8millionfromthesalesofhisdetectors—whichwerebasedonakindofgolfballfinder—tocountriesincludingIraq,BelgiumandSaudiArabia.McCormick,57,wasconvicted（判罪）ofcheatslastmonthandsentencedThursdayatthe0ldBaileycourtinLondon."Yourcheatingconductinsellingagreatamountofuselessequipmentsimplyforhugeprofitpromotedafalsesenseofsecurityandinallprobabilitymateriallycontributedtocausingdeathandinjurytoinnocentpeople,"JudgeRichard.HonetoldMcCormick."Youhaveneitherregret,norshame,noranysenseofguilt."Thedetectors,soldforupto$42,000each,weresaidtobeabletofindsuchdangerousobjectsasbombsunderwaterandfromtheair.Butinfactthey"lackedanygroundinginscience"andwereofnouse.McCormickhadtoldthecourtthathesoldhisdetectorstothepoliceinKenya,theprisonserviceinHongKong,thearmyinEgyptandthebordercontrolinThailand."Ineverhadanybadresultsfromcustomers,"hesaid.WhywasMcCormicksentencedtoprison?Hesoldbombs.Hecauseddeathofpeople.Hemadedetectors.Hecheatedinbusiness.Accordingtothejudge,whatMcCormickhaddone.increasedthecostofsafeguardingloweredpeople'sguardagainstangerchangedpeople'sideaofsocialsecuritycausedinnocentpeopletocommitcrimesWhichofthefollowingistrueofthedetectors?TheyhavenotbeensoldtoAfrica.Theyhavecausedmanyseriousproblems.Theycanfinddangerousobjectsinwater.Theydon'tfunctiononthebasisofscience.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatMcCormick.soldtheequipmentatalowpricewaswell-knowninmostcountriesC．didnotthinkhehadcommittedthecrimeD.hadnotgotsuchhugeprofitasmentionedinthetext7.（2012全国II）ADDISABABA,Ethiopia—0neoftheworld'smostfamousfossils（化石）-the3.2million-year-oldLucyskeleton（骨骼）unearthedinEthiopiain1974—willgoonanexhibitiontourabroadforthefirsttimeintheUnitedStatesofficialssaidTuesday.EventheEthiopianpublichasonlyseenLucytwice.TheLucyonexhibitionattheEthiopianNationalMuseuminthecapital,AddisAbaba,isareplicawhiletherealremainsareusuallylockedinasecretstoreroom.AteamfromtheMuseumofNationalScienceinHouston,Texas,spentfouryearsdiscussingwiththeEthiopiansfortheU.S.tour,whichwillstartinHoustonnextSeptember．"Ethiopia'srichcultureofboththepastandtoday,isoneofthebestkeptsecretsintheworld,"saidJoelBartsch,directoroftheHoustonmuseum.Thesix-yeartourwillalsogotoWashingyton,NewYork,DenverandChicago.0fficialssaidsixotherU.S.citiesmaybeonthetour.Buttheysaidplanshadnotyetbeenworkedout.TravelingwithLucywillbe1900therfossils．Lucy,hernametakenfromaBeatlessongthatplayedinacampthenightofherdiscoveryispartoftheskeletonofwhatwasoncea3172-foot-tallape-man（猿人）.TroduceafewU.S. museumsdescribesomeresearchworkdiscussthevalueofanape-manreportacomingeventWhatdothewords"areplica"inParagraph2referto?Apaintingoftheskeleton.AphotographofLucy.Acopyoftheskeleton.AwrittenrecordofLucy.HowmanycitieshasLucy'sU.S.tourplanalreadyincluded?A. Four.B.Five.C.Six. D. Eleven.Whatwastheskeletonnamedafter?A. Anape-man.B.Asong.C.Asinger.D.Acamp.8.（2011四川）Themulti-millionpoundnewLibraryofBirmingham（LoB）willbethemostvisiblesignofthewaythecityisacceptingthedigitalization数字化）ofeverydaylife.Settoopenin2013,the£188mLoBisalreadybeginningtotakeshapenexttotheBirminghamRepertoryTheatre,withwhichitwillsharesomeequipment.Asdigitalmedia（媒介）isimportanttoitsidea,theprojectisalreadyprovidingchancesforsomeofthemanysmallnewlocalcompaniesworkingatthenewtechnologies.BrianGambles,theLoBprojectdirector,saysitisaboutgivingpeopletherighttoolsforlearning:"Theaimistomixthephysicalwiththedigital,providing24-hourserviceswhichcanbeusedthroughmanydifferentways. Itisimportanttoenableustoreachmorepeople,moreeffectively."Thedigitallibrarywill,hesays,beasimport.antasthephysicalone,allowingthedistant10useoftheservices,makingsurethatitisneverclosedtothepublic.EvenbeforetheLoBiscomplete,thepublichasbeenabletogoonlinetovisittheVirtual（虚拟的）LoB,designedbyBaden,theBirminghamvirtualworldsspecialists.NotonlyhavethepublicbeenabletolearnabouttheLoB,butthevirtualonehasalsoenabledthoseworkingontheLoBtounderstandthebuildingandhowitwillworkbeforeitevenopens.TwoothersmallBirmingham-baseddigitalcompaniesarealsoworkingontheLoBprojects.Substrat,adigitaldesigncompany,isdevelopingwhatitcallsanexampleofan"enlargedreality"project.Itisabouttheuseofanexcitingsmartphone,animportantpartoftheLoBwhichisintheearlystagesofdevelopment.AndThePeople'sArchiveisanonlinelibraryofhistoricalfiguresofthecitybeingbuiltupbyadigitalcontentcompanyinCahootsinwhichuserswillbeencouragedtoaddtoandcommentonthematerial.Gamblessays:"Technologywillenableustomakethelibrary'scontentandservicesopentocitizensasneverbefore."Theunderlinedpart"itsidea"inParagraph3referstotheideaof.theequipmenttheprojectthedigitalmediathephysicallibraryWhilevisitingtheVirtualLoB,thepubliccan.getageneralideaoftheLoBmeetmanyworld-famousexpertslearnhowtoputupalibrarybuildingunderstandhowthespecialistsworkontheprojectWhichofthefollowingistrueoftheLoBwhenitopens?Itoffersbetterlearningtools.ItreachesusersindifferentwaysItprovidesuserswithsmartphones.Itallowsuserstoenrichitsmaterial.Itgivesnon-stopphysicalanddigitalservices.11a,b,d B.a,c,eb,c,d D. b,d,eThetextismostprobablytakenfrom.acomputerbookalibraryguideaprojecthandbookanewspaperreport第一部分阅读理解考点5时事新闻类答案（2017江苏）A【解析】根据第二段的首句“Suchsituationshaveledtocallsforthetechgiantstobebrokenup”可知，这种形势要求科技巨头解体。这种形势是指上文提及的那几家大公司垄断了数据市场，故本题答案为A。C【解析】从第三段可知，以谷歌公司为例，这些科技巨头发现了数据可以转变为新的服务，例如翻译和视觉识别，这些都可以卖给其他公司。因特网公司对于数据的控制赋予了他们巨大的权力，从而可以增强他们的控制地位。B【解析】根据第五段可知，反垄断机构在考虑兼并时，通常根据规模来决定何时进行干预，现在当评估这些交易的影响时，他们需要考虑到这些公司的数据资产的范围，再根据"Thepurchasepricecould...anewbornthreat”可知，通过重视公司的数据资产，反垄断管理者可以避免规模陷阱。D【解析】根据倒数第二段可知，放松网络服务商对于数据的控制，把更多的份额给数据提供者，从而让小公司也有机会发展。（2016北京）B【解析】由题干的“returned,afterthehurricane”可知，答案应该在第三段。娜塔莉一家在飓风过后回到家乡，发现街区已变为废墉neighborhoodinruins）,很多朋友失去了家园，并且住到了很远的地方。人们都在遭受苦难，特别是老年人。从这些信息可知选B。A【解析】由第四段第一句中的“themenandwomenhelpingRockawayrecover12inspiredNatalie”可知选A。D【解析】由第七段可知，娜塔莉建立了一个网站，让捐助者与需要帮助的人通过这个网站建立联系，以此来帮助他们，因此选D。A【解析】本题给出的四句谚语的含义依次为：“小人物也有大作为"；“患难之友才是真正的朋友”；“金窝银窝不如自己的狗窝”；“技术就是力量”。本文介绍的是14岁的小女孩娜塔莉如何帮助家乡的重建工作，因此选A。（2015新课标I）B根据第一段可知，艺术家萨尔瓦多・达利的200多幅油画、雕塑和绘画作品等将在巴黎的ThePompidouCentre展出。由此可判断这个艺术家的创作颇丰。0Ptimistic"乐观的"；productive"多产的";generous"慷慨的";traditional"传统的"。故选B。A根据第一段中的"Amongtheworksandmasterworksonexhibitionthevisitorwillfindthebestpieces,mostimportantlyThePersistenceofMemory”可知，萨尔瓦多•达利的作品ThePersistenceofMemory被认为是他的一幅杰作。D根据第二段中的"Theexhibitionfollowsapathoftimeandsubjectwiththevisitorexitingthroughthebrain〃可知，达利的世界是按照时间和主题组织作品展览的。A根据最后一段可知，多家博物馆通力合作共同精选展出作品。文中提到像西班牙马德里的博物馆和圣彼德斯堡的博物馆这样的机构也提供萨尔瓦多・达利的作品参加展览。由此推测，contributions指“作品〃，故选A。（2015新课标H）C根据第一段中的“Morestudentsthaneverbeforearetakingagapyear（间隔年）beforegoingtouniversity”和第三段中的“Thatisarecord14.7%increaseinthenumberofstudentstakingagapyear”可推断，间隔年这种现象越来越普遍。A根据第三段中的“Studentswhotakeawell-plannedyearoutaremorelikelytobesatisfiedwith,andcomplete,theirchosencourse.Studentswhotakeagapyearareo