中考英语完型填空解题技巧

专题复习—完形填空金太阳工作室题型概述

““完形填空”题是一种旨在考察学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题型，它结合了单项选择和短文填空的优点，既考察词汇搭配、近义词辨析、动词时态、句型结构、复合句的关联和习惯用法等，又考察了逻辑推理和事理推断能力。在中考中完形填空所占分值10分完形填空题要求填入的词主要有

①语法结构所要求的功能词，如连接词：连接代词、连接副词、关系代词和关系副词。（语法型）②具有语法变化的词，如动词的时态、语态、语气；名词的数；代词的格；形容词和副词的比较等级等。（语法型）③固定搭配短语和词组中的特定词。（习惯搭配型）④同义词和近义词等易混词。（词义型）⑤根据上下文的意思及结构必须填入的确定词。（文意型）

答案的选择较多地受到短文大意的影响

必须在选择答案之前通读短文，抓住其关键

词并透彻理解上下文之间的联系，然后借助

语境来选择最佳答案。有的时候，这种题型文意型

还需要用相关的常识进行推理判断。

以考查语法为目的而设置的空白。解答这类题需要根据词与词、句与句之间的关系来判断各种时态和语态的运用，动词及其短语的搭配和用法等。一般地说，考查的语法以实词为主，兼顾虚词和语法结构。

语法型

根据同义词或近义词的用法区别而设置的题目，有时也借助上下文意思及结构考查形容词、副词、代词和连词的使用等。词义型

根据词语的习惯用法、固

定句型的搭配以及英语特有的习惯作出判断的题目。

习惯用法型

每题四个被选项的特点

无以错误的语法形式作干扰项的试题，也没有对纯语法知识考查的题目，合理的、有目的地设空，所涉及的各类考点均匀分布。考点设计注意到上下文的呼应关系，侧重从语言的意义考虑，而不考查语法形式和结构。四、解题技巧点拨（一）_______________________________________________。（二）_______________________________________________。（三）_______________________________________________。细读首句，跳过空格，通读全文，掌握大意理解词义，瞻前顾后，先易后难，各个击破复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案，坚定信心

做题之前，必须先浏览全文，了解短文的大意，这是必不可少的一个步骤。通过短文所提供的信息，借助语感及相关知识的推断，可以从整体上把握短文的轮廓。完形填空题所给的是一篇意思完整的短文，所选的答案处在整段或整篇文章之中。切勿为了“省时”而边看边选，否则，欲速则不达，许多地方看不下去，选择时或不解其意，或似懂非懂，举棋不定，这样不仅失误率高，且费时不少。

每篇短文总有一定的主题思想，段落之间必然能承上启下，前呼后应，句与句之间也一定紧密相连，形成一个有机的整体。因此通读全文时要一气呵成，不要中断思路，只要能了解短文的大意就可。某些细节不理解可以跳过，如果不影响答题，可以置之不理；如果与答案有关，可到第二步选择时再琢磨解决。另外，在阅读时要特别注意一篇文章的开头和结尾，因为它们往往能够提供主要的信息，帮助了解全文所描述的事件或文章的中心议题。做此题型时需要把握两个原则：

1）任何阅读类题型都有一个共同的特点：看的遍数越多，对文章的把握就越到位。所以，文章最少要看两遍。

2）必须在原文中明确找出支持你做出选择的句子或者段落。这样做的好处是：可以避免仅仅凭感觉，而做出违背作者意图或者故事发展的选项。如果找不到具体的句子或段落佐证选择的话，那么选项也要符合文章的主旨大意、故事情节的发展。通读全文，掌握大意

由于完形填空是一个整篇的文章，最大的忌讳就是“边看边选”，因为不通读全文，就无法把握、理解全文，也就无法对某个细节进行合理的还原。完形填空的第一句一般是不留空的，并且第一句话很关键。在快速阅读时要抓住全文或者段落的第一句或最后一句，它们往往是全文活全段的主题句，通过它们可以知道文章的题材、大意、时间、人物、事件等。另外在阅读中要对其中的时间词、动词加以注意。

通读全文之后，把握住了整个短文的意思，接下来便是从整体出发，联系上下文，前后贯通，结合词形、词义、时态、语态选出一个正确的选项。遇到难以理解的句子或者对某一项没有把握时，可采用排除、筛选等方法。结合上下文，看语句是否通顺，语法是否正确，是否合乎逻辑，逐一将干扰项予以排除，从而可确定答案。这可从以下几个方面入手。（1）根据上下文确定答案（2）根据惯用法或习惯搭配确定答案（3）运用逻辑推理判定答案（4）根据词语用法确定答案文意型语法型词义型习惯用法型仔细推敲，初定答案

Thereweresomanypeopleonthebusthattherewere1emptyseats.Whenayoungmangoton,anoldmannearhimwantedto2,buttheyoungmanpushedhimbacktohisseat.“Thankyou,”hesaid,“butpleasedon’tdothat,Icanstand.”A.manyB.someC.enoughD.no（）2.A.sitdownB.getonC.setoutD.standup（）文意型文意型

It’sSunday.Somestudentsaregoing1atripwiththeirteacher.2theirwaytheysawabusbehindthem…A.toB.forC.onD.at（）2.A.OnB.ByC.AtD.To（）习惯用法型习惯用法型

A.woreB.hadonC.dressed

D.puton（）

Alittlecocklivedneartheriver.Onemorningthelittlecock1hisbeautifulclothesandwentforawalkbytheriver.Onhiswayhemetalittleduck.词义型重读全文，核实答案所有的答案选出之后，应再读全文，对所选的答案进行核实调整。经过第二步逐句推敲之后，对短文内容的理解更为深刻。这时，如果再重读全文，第二步时有些难解或误解的问题就很容易暴露出来，从而也能得到更好的解决。这一步费时不多却至关重要，切记不可等闲视之，掉以轻心。

这种验证主要从以下几方面进行：1、单词、短语与句子成分搭配是否恰当，如关联词的搭配，句子的结构类型等；2、时态和语态是否正确；3、习惯用法和固定搭配是否有误；4、词形变化是否正确。如名词的可数与不可数，单、复数和名词所有格；形容词、副词的比较等级；动词的各种形式等。应注意句中所空单词的句子成分、词的类别，以及上下文的意思联系。实例讲析PractisingseveralpassagesStep1Readingthroughthepassagequickly

Trytogetthegeneralideaofthepassage,payspecialattentiontothefirstsentenceorthelastone,maybeitshowsthemainideaofthepassage.COMPUTERGAMES

（2008年河南中考）WhenLiuKaiquwasyounghewaspoorinShanghai.Onedayhe36apictureofatigerandtriedtosellitonthestreet.Itcaughtthe37ofanAmerican,who

asked,“Howmuchdoesitcost?”Hesaid,“500dollars.”Theforeignerthoughtitwastoo38andaskedagain,“Canyoumakeitcheaper?”He

answered,“No,”Thenhetore(撕)ittopieces.Ingreat39,theforeignersaid,“Young

man,areyouangry?”“No,sir.I’mnotangry.Isoldit40500dollarsbecauseIthoughtitwasworththe41.Butyouwantedalowerprice.Itmeans42didn’tthinksoanditisnotgoodenough.I’llgoonworking43untilmycustomers(顾客)aresatisfied.”Atthattime,44LiuKaiquwasnotfamousatall,henever45hisdream.Nowheiswell-knownallovertheworldasagreatartist.Step2Choosingthebestchoiceforeachblankwhilereadingthepassage

（2008年河南中考）WhenLiuKaiquwasyounghewaspoorinShanghai.Onedayhe36apictureofatigerandtriedtosellitonthestreet.Itcaughtthe37ofanAmerican,who

asked,“Howmuchdoesitcost?”Hesaid,“500dollars.”Theforeignerthoughtitwastoo38andaskedagain,“Canyoumakeitcheaper?”He

answered,“No,”Thenhetore(撕)ittopieces.Ingreat39,theforeignersaid,“Young

man,areyouangry?”“No,sir.I’mnotangry.Isoldit40500dollarsbecauseIthoughtitwasworththe41.Butyouwantedalowerprice.Itmeans42didn’tthinksoanditisnotgoodenough.I’llgoonworking43untilmycustomers(顾客)aresatisfied.”Atthattime,44LiuKaiquwasnotfamousatall,henever45hisdream.Nowheiswell-knownallovertheworldasagreatartist.()36.A.stole

B.picked

C.drew

D.saw

（2008年河南中考）WhenLiuKaiquwasyounghewaspoorinShanghai.Onedayhedrewapictureofatigerandtriedtosellitonthestreet.Itcaughtthe37ofanAmerican,who

asked,“Howmuchdoesitcost?”Hesaid,“500dollars.”Theforeignerthoughtitwastoo38andaskedagain,“Canyoumakeitcheaper?”He

answered,“No,”Thenhetore(撕)ittopieces.Ingreat39,theforeignersaid,“Young

man,areyouangry?”“No,sir.I’mnotangry.Isoldit40500dollarsbecauseIthoughtitwasworththe41.Butyouwantedalowerprice.Itmeans42didn’tthinksoanditisnotgoodenough.I’llgoonworking43untilmycustomers(顾客)aresatisfied.”Atthattime,44LiuKaiquwasnotfamousatall,henever45hisdream.Nowheiswell-knownallovertheworldasagreatartist.()37.A.attentionB.instruction

C.decision

D.discussion

（2008年河南中考）WhenLiuKaiquwasyounghewaspoorinShanghai.Onedayhedrewapictureofatigerandtriedtosellitonthestreet.Itcaughttheattention

ofanAmerican,who

asked,“Howmuchdoesitcost?”Hesaid,“500dollars.”Theforeignerthoughtitwastoo38andaskedagain,“Canyoumakeitcheaper?”He

answered,“No,”Thenhetore(撕)ittopieces.Ingreat39,theforeignersaid,“Young

man,areyouangry?”“No,sir.I’mnotangry.Isoldit40500dollarsbecauseIthoughtitwasworththe41.Butyouwantedalowerprice.Itmeans42didn’tthinksoanditisnotgoodenough.I’llgoonworking43untilmycustomers(顾客)aresatisfied.”Atthattime,44LiuKaiquwasnotfamousatall,henever45hisdream.Nowheiswell-knownallovertheworldasagreatartist.()38.A.terrible

B.big

C.old

D.dear

（2008年河南中考）WhenLiuKaiquwasyounghewaspoorinShanghai.Onedayhedrewapictureofatigerandtriedtosellitonthestreet.ItcaughttheattentionofanAmerican,who

asked,“Howmuchdoesitcost?”Hesaid,“500dollars.”Theforeignerthoughtitwastoodear

andaskedagain,“Canyoumakeitcheaper?”He

answered,“No,”Thenhetore(撕)ittopieces.Ingreat39,theforeignersaid,“Young

man,areyouangry?”“No,sir.I’mnotangry.Isoldit40500dollarsbecauseIthoughtitwasworththe41.Butyouwantedalowerprice.Itmeans42didn’tthinksoanditisnotgoodenough.I’llgoonworking43untilmycustomers(顾客)aresatisfied.”Atthattime,44LiuKaiquwasnotfamousatall,henever45hisdream.Nowheiswell-knownallovertheworldasagreatartist.()39.A.fearB.difficulty

C.surpriseD.excitement

（2008年河南中考）WhenLiuKaiquwasyounghewaspoorinShanghai.Onedayhedrewapictureofatigerandtriedtosellitonthestreet.Itcaughttheattention

ofanAmerican,who

asked,“Howmuchdoesitcost?”Hesaid,“500dollars.”Theforeignerthoughtitwastoo

dear

andaskedagain,“Canyoumakeitcheaper?”He

answered,“No,”Thenhetore(撕)ittopieces.Ingreat

surprise

,theforeignersaid,“Young

man,areyouangry?”“No,sir.I’mnotangry.Isoldit40500dollarsbecauseIthoughtitwasworththe41.Butyouwantedalowerprice.Itmeans42didn’tthinksoanditisnotgoodenough.I’llgoonworking43untilmycustomers(顾客)aresatisfied.”Atthattime,44LiuKaiquwasnotfamousatall,henever45hisdream.Nowheiswell-knownallovertheworldasagreatartist.()40.A.over

B.for

C.about

D.among

（2008年河南中考）WhenLiuKaiquwasyounghewaspoorinShanghai.Onedayhedrewapictureofatigerandtriedtosellitonthestreet.Itcaughttheattention

ofanAmerican,who

asked,“Howmuchdoesitcost?”Hesaid,“500dollars.”Theforeignerthoughtitwastoo

dear

andaskedagain,“Canyoumakeitcheaper?”He

answered,“No,”Thenhetore(撕)ittopieces.Ingreat

surprise

,theforeignersaid,“Young

man,areyouangry?”“No,sir.I’mnotangry.Isolditfor

500dollarsbecauseIthoughtitwasworththe41.Butyouwantedalowerprice.Itmeans42didn’tthinksoanditisnotgoodenough.I’llgoonworking43untilmycustomers(顾客)aresatisfied.”Atthattime,44LiuKaiquwasnotfamousatall,henever45hisdream.Nowheiswell-knownallovertheworldasagreatartist.()41.A.size

B.price

C.weight

D.position

（2008年河南中考）WhenLiuKaiquwasyounghewaspoorinShanghai.Onedayhedrewapictureofatigerandtriedtosellitonthestreet.Itcaughttheattention

ofanAmerican,who

asked,“Howmuchdoesitcost?”Hesaid,“500dollars.”Theforeignerthoughtitwastoo

dear

andaskedagain,“Canyoumakeitcheaper?”He

answered,“No,”Thenhetore(撕)ittopieces.Ingreat

surprise

,theforeignersaid,“Young

man,areyouangry?”“No,sir.I’mnotangry.Isolditfor

500dollarsbecauseIthoughtitwasworththeprice

.Butyouwantedalowerprice.Itmeans42didn’tthinksoanditisnotgoodenough.I’llgoonworking43untilmycustomers(顾客)aresatisfied.”Atthattime,44LiuKaiquwasnotfamousatall,henever45hisdream.Nowheiswell-knownallovertheworldasagreatartist.()42.A.we

B.he

C.you

D.it

（2008年河南中考）WhenLiuKaiquwasyounghewaspoorinShanghai.Onedayhedrewapictureofatigerandtriedtosellitonthestreet.Itcaughttheattention

ofanAmerican,who

asked,“Howmuchdoesitcost?”Hesaid,“500dollars.”Theforeignerthoughtitwastoo

dear

andaskedagain,“Canyoumakeitcheaper?”He

answered,“No,”Thenhetore(撕)ittopieces.Ingreat

surprise

,theforeignersaid,“Young

man,areyouangry?”“No,sir.I’mnotangry.Isolditfor

500dollarsbecauseIthoughtitwasworththeprice

.Butyouwantedalowerprice.Itmeansyoudidn’tthinksoanditisnotgoodenough.I’llgoonworking43untilmycustomers(顾客)aresatisfied.”Atthattime,44LiuKaiquwasnotfamousatall,henever45hisdream.Nowheiswell-knownallovertheworldasagreatartist.()43.A.fasterandfasterB.betterandbetter

C.slowerandslower D.harderandharde

（2008年河南中考）WhenLiuKaiquwasyounghewaspoorinShanghai.Onedayhedrewapictureofatigerandtriedtosellitonthestreet.Itcaughttheattention

ofanAmerican,who

asked,“Howmuchdoesitcost?”Hesaid,“500dollars.”Theforeignerthoughtitwastoo

dear

andaskedagain,“Canyoumakeitcheaper?”He

answered,“No,”Thenhetore(撕)ittopieces.Ingreat

surprise

,theforeignersaid,“Young

man,areyouangry?”“No,sir.I’mnotangry.Isolditfor

500dollarsbecauseIthoughtitwasworththeprice

.Butyouwantedalowerprice.Itmeans

youdidn’tthinksoanditisnotgoodenough.I’llgoonworkingharderandharder

untilmycustomers(顾客)aresatisfied.”Atthattime,44LiuKaiquwasnotfamousatall,henever45hisdream.Nowheiswell-knownallovertheworldasagreatartist.()44.A.though

B.because

C.whether

D.until

（2008年河南中考）WhenLiuKaiquwasyounghewaspoorinShanghai.Onedayhedrewapictureofatigerandtriedtosellitonthestreet.Itcaughttheattention

ofanAmerican,who

asked,“Howmuchdoesitcost?”Hesaid,“500dollars.”Theforeignerthoughtitwastoo

dear

andaskedagain,“Canyoumakeitcheaper?”He

answered,“No,”Thenhetore(撕)ittopieces.Ingreat

surprise

,theforeignersaid,“Young

man,areyouangry?”“No,sir.I’mnotangry.Isolditfor

500dollarsbecauseIthoughtitwasworththeprice

.Butyouwantedalowerprice.Itmeans

youdidn’tthinksoanditisnotgoodenough.I’llgoonworkingharderandharder

untilmycustomers(顾客)aresatisfied.”Atthattime,though

LiuKaiquwasnotfamousatall,henever45hisdream.Nowheiswell-knownallovertheworldasagreatartist.()45.A.brokeoffB.cutup C.gaveupD.sentoffStep3Checkingup

Putthewordswhichyouhavechosenintheblanksandreadthepassageagaintomakesuretherearenomistakes.

（2008年河南中考）WhenLiuKaiquwasyounghewaspoorinShanghai.Onedayhedrewapictureofatigerandtriedtosellitonthestreet.Itcaughttheattention

ofanAmerican,who

asked,“Howmuchdoesitcost?”Hesaid,“500dollars.”Theforeignerthoughtitwastoo

dear

andaskedagain,“Canyoumakeitcheaper?”He

answered,“No,”Thenhetore(撕)ittopieces.Ingreat

surprise

,theforeignersaid,“Young

man,areyouangry?”“No,sir.I’mnotangry.Isolditfor

500dollarsbecauseIthoughtitwasworththeprice

.Butyouwantedalowerprice.Itmeans

youdidn’tthinksoanditisnotgoodenough.I’llgoonworkingharderandharder

untilmycustomers(顾客)aresatisfied.”Atthattime,though

LiuKaiquwasnotfamousatall,henevergaveuphisdream.Nowheiswell-knownallovertheworldasagreatartist.五、实践演练

练习二WhenIwasfifteenIwenttoasummercamp.Therewerelotsofgreat90buttherewasonethingIwasreallyscared(害怕)about:climbingthewall.Thewallisakindofrockthatpeopleusetolearnhowtoclimb.Itisverytall.Wewereallsupposedtoclimbthewall,butIknewIcouldn’tgettothetopbecauseIam91heights.IwasashamedandIdidn’twantanyonetoknowthatIwasscared.Ithoughttheywouldalllaughatme.Ipracticedmyexcuse:“I’mnotscared,youknow,Isufferfromvertigo

(患眩晕症).”

Thedaycame.Itwastimetoclimbthewall.Thesunwasshiningbuteveryonewasveryquietthatmorning.Itookphotographsatthebottomofthewallandtriedto92.Everyoneinthegroupwentup.Thenthemomentcame.Itwasmyturn.IwassoscaredthatallIcouldthinkaboutwasmyexcuse.Someonesaid,“ShallItakeyourcamera?”andIanswered,“I’mnotscared,youknow.Isufferfromvertigo”.The93wasthatIwasmorethanscared,Iwasterrified(吓坏了).五、实践演练

Thecampleadersaid,“Don’tworry,youdon’thavetodoanythingyoudon’twanttodo.”Iwassurprised.Everyonewasunderstanding.Noone94.Thenextday,theleaderaskedmeifIwantedtotrythewallonmyown,95theotherswatching.AlthoughIwasstillverynervousIagreedandclimbedslowlytothetopwithhishelp.IwasstillshakingwhenIcame96,butIwasreallyhappyandrelievedtoo.Forme,climbingthewallwasarealachievement.

(2008上海中考试卷完形填空)WhenIwasfifteenIwenttoasummercamp.Therewerelotsofgreat90buttherewasonethingIwasreallyscared(害怕)about:climbingthewall.()90.A.activitiesB.operationsC.accidentsD.examsAThewallisakindofrockthatpeopleusetolearnhowtoclimb.Itisverytall.Wewereallsupposedtoclimbthewall,butIknewIcouldn’tgettothetopbecauseIam91heights.IwasashamedandIdidn’twantanyonetoknowthatIwasscared.Ithoughttheywouldalllaughatme.Ipracticedmyexcuse:“I’mnotscared,youknow,Isufferfromvertigo(患眩晕症).”()91.A.pooratB.goodat C.afraidof D.fondofCThedaycame.Itwastimetoclimbthewall.Thesunwasshiningbuteveryonewasveryquietthatmorning.Itookphotographsatthebottomofthewallandtriedto92.Everyoneinthegroupwentup.Thenthemomentcame.()92.A.goB.HideC.appear