BUgrammar人教选修六语法

会计学1BUgrammar人教选修六语法Revision1.

虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法2.wish引导的宾语从句中的虚拟语气3.表示要求,命令,建议的虚拟语气Grammar

第1页/共17页

1.虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法条件从句从句谓语形式主句谓语形式与现在事实相反

与过去事实相反

与将来事实相反

动词过去式(或were)should/would/could/might+动词原形had+过去分词should/would/could/might+have+过去分词should/would/could/might+动词原形1.should+动词原形2.动词过去式3.wereto+动词原形Ifheweretocome,whatshould/wouldwesaytohim?

IfI

hadworkedhard,Iwouldnothavefailedinexam.IfIhad

onemilliondollars,Ishould/would_donate(捐)someofthemtothepoor.第2页/共17页2.wish引导的宾语从句中的虚拟语气与现在事实相反

与过去事实相反

与将来

事实相反

过去时(were)had+过去分词would/could/might+动词原形IwishI______abird.(be)Hewishedhe______________(tell)aboutit.had

beentoldwere第3页/共17页3.表示要求,命令,建议的虚拟语气一个坚持______________

两个命令_______________

三个建议________________________

四个要求_____________________________这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。从句中的动词使用should+动词原形,或者将should省略。Thedoctorsuggestedthathe(should)try(try)tolosehisweight.Heinsistedthatwe(should)tell(tell)himthenews.

insist

order,command

advise,suggest,proposeask,demand,require,request第4页/共17页虚拟语气(二)theSubjunctiveMood第5页/共17页在suggestion,proposal,order,plan,idea,advice,decision等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中,要使用虚拟语气。其谓语动词应用should＋动原另外连接从句的that不能省略。一、表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气例如：Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)gothereatonce.

第6页/共17页【即学即练】语法填空(1)Heputforwardtheproposalthatwe___________(put)onaplayattheEnglishevening.(2)Myideaisthatwe___________(get)morepeopletoattendtheconference.(3)Imadeasuggestionthatthemeeting_______________(hold)nextweek.(should)put(should)get(should)beheld第7页/共17页二、It’snecessary/strange/natural/important/pity/nowonder/impossible+thatClause从句的动词要用虚拟语气,即(should)+动词原形。例如：

Itisnecessarythatallmistakesshouldbecorrected.

第8页/共17页【即学即练】(1)Itisimportantthatyou_____________(master)theskillsofcomputer.(2)Itisagreatpitythathe_____________(think)likethat.(3)Itisnaturalthatwe_____________(have)agoodcommandofourtraditionalculture.(should)master(should)have(should)think第9页/共17页三、在Itis/wassuggested/ordered/demanded/proposed/etc.结构中要使用虚拟语气。如:

如:It’ssuggestedthattheplanbecarriedout.【即学即练】(1)Itisorderedthatallthetroops______________(withdraw)threemilesaway.(2)Itisarrangedthathe____________(leave)forCanadaonFriday.(3)Itissuggestedthatwe__________(make)fulluseofeverychancetopracticeEnglish.(should)withdraw(should)leave(should)make第10页/共17页(1)Iwouldrather_____________________.我宁愿他们明天来。(2)Themanagerwouldratherthathissecretary________________________________nextMonday.经理宁愿他的秘书代替他去开会。(3)Iwouldratheryou_______________________.

我宁愿你没有告诉过我那件事。四、would

rather

后的宾语从句wouldrather(that)与现在事实相反过去时与过去事实相反

过去完成时与将来事实相反

过去时they

came

tomorrowwenttothemeetinginsteadofhim例如：Iwouldratheryoucouldteachmeagain.hadn’ttoldmeaboutit第11页/共17页以asif,asthough(似乎,仿佛)引出的方式状语从句,如果表示真实情况应该用直陈语气;如果表示非真实情况，则应该用虚拟语气,其谓语动词的虚拟式与wish后面宾语从句中谓语动词的虚拟式相同。例如：Thelittleboyknowssomanythingsasifhewereaman.

五、asif,asthough引导的从句【即学即练】

Heactedasusualasthoughnothing______________(happen).Mr.LispeaksEnglishasifhe______(be)anAmerican.Theboyactsasifhe______(be)anadult.hadhappenedwerewere第12页/共17页(1)Iwakeup_________thealarmclockrings.只有闹钟响了,我才会醒。

(2)__________thealarmclockhadrung.

当时闹钟响了,就好了。

(3)__________hecomesearly.但愿他早点回来。六、由ifonly(要是……,那该多好啊!)引导的惊叹句。IfonlyIhadpassedthetest！Ifonlyitstoppedraining！【比较】ifonly与onlyif

onlyif表示“只有”;ifonly则表示“如果……就好了”。ifonly也可用于陈述语气。

【即学即练】

onlyifIfonlyIfonly第13页/共17页

七、一些介词短语,如:butfor(要不是),

without,otherwise(否则),inthatcase(如果是那样的话),

表示含蓄的条件,

这时主句要用虚拟语气。

Withoutyourhelp,wewou