2012年专转本英语真题

2012年普通高校专转本统一考试本试卷分为第I卷（客观题）和第II卷（题）两部分。两卷满分150分。考试时间120分钟。第一卷（100分）答第I卷前，考生务必按规定要求填涂答题卡上的、准考证号等项目及卷首和第7页的。用2B铅笔把答题卡上相应题号中正确答案的字母涂黑。答案应涂写在答PartIReadingComprehension(20240分Directions:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemthereare4choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.PassageQuestions1to5arebasedonthefollowingAmericanresearchershavedevelopedatechniquethatmay eanimportanttoolinfightingAIDS.ThetechniquestopstheAIDSfromattackingitstarget-cellsinthebody'sdefensesystem.WhenAIDSenterstheblood,itsearchesforbloodcellscalledT4lymphocytes（淋巴细胞）.TheconnectstotheoutsideofT4lymphocytes,thenforcesitswayinside.Thereitdirectsthecells'genetic（因的）materialtoproducecopiesoftheAIDS.ThisishowAIDSResearchersthinktheymaybeabletostopAIDSfromspreadingbypreventingfromconnectingtoT4cells.WhenAIDSvirusfindsaT4cell,itactuallyconnectstoapartofthecellcalledCD4protein.ResearcherswanttofoolthebyputtingcopiesorclonesoftheCD4proteinintotheblood.ThiswaytheAIDSwillconnecttotheclonedproteininsteadoftherealones.Scientistsusethegeneticengineeringmethodstomaketheclones.NormallyaCD4proteinremainsontheT4cellatalltimes.TheAIDSmustgotoit.Inanewtechnique,however,theclonedCD4proteinisnotconnectedtoacell.Itfloatsfreely,somanymorecanbeputintothebloodtokeeptheAIDSawayfromrealCD4proteinsonT4cells.OnereportsaystheAIDSconnectstotheclonedproteinsjustaseffectivelyastorealprotein.Thatreportwasbasedontestswithbloodcellsgrowninlabs.Thetechniqueisjustnowbeginningtobetestedinanimals.Ifsuccessful,itmaybetestedinhumanswithinayear.Thenewtechniquecan cureAIDSB.killtheAIDSC.preventtheAIDSfromspreadingD.producenewmedicinesforWhentheAIDSenterstheblood,itisreproducedby theinsideoftheitselfB.anybloodcellsintheC.theCD4 D.thegeneticmaterialofT43TheAIDSconnectstoclonedproteinsinsteadoftotherealones theclonedproteinsstayontheT4theclonedproteinscanfloatfreelyintheitconnectstoclonedproteinsmoreeffectivelythantotherealtheclonedproteinsaremadebygeneticengineering4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTA.Thenewtechniquehasbeentestedinlabs. B.Thenewtechniqueisbeingtestedinanimals.C.Thenewtechniquemaybetestedinhumans.D.Thenewtechniqueisnowunderclinicaltest.5WhichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleofthisAIDS---aFatal ANewTechniqueinfightingC.AReportontheSpreadofAIDS.D.TheTechniqueofClonedCD4Protein.PassageTWOQuestions6to10arebasedonthefollowingDuringtheearlyearsoflastcentury,wheatwasseenastheverylifebloodofWesternCanada.Whenthecropsweregood,theeconomywasgood;whenthecropsfailed,therewasdepression.Peopleoncitystreetswatchedtheyieldsandthepriceofwheatwithalmostasmuchfeelingasiftheyweegrowers.Themarketingofwheatbecameanincreasinglyfavoritetopicofconversation.Warsetthestageforthemostdramaticeventsinmarketingthewesterncrop.Foryearsfarmersmistrustedspeculativ（投机的）grainsellingascarriedonthroughtheWinnipegGrainExchange.Wheatpricesweregenerallylowintheautumn,butfarmerscouldnotwaitformarketstoimprove.Ithadhappenedtoooftenthattheysoldtheirwheatsoonafterharvestwhenfarmdebtswerecomingdue(到期)，onlytoseepricesrisingandspeculatorsgettingrich.Onvariousoccasions,producergroupsaskedforfirmercontrols,buternmentshadnowishto involved,atleastnotuntilwartimewheatpricesthreatenedtorunwild.Anxioustocheck(控制)inflation(通货膨胀)andrisinglivingcosts,thefederalernmentappointedaboard(董事会)ofgrainsupervisorstohandledeliveriesthecropsof1917and1918.GrainExchangetradingwassuspended(暂停)andfarmerssoldatpricesfixedbytheboard.Tohandlethecropof1919,theernmentappointedthefirstCanadianWheatBoard,withfullauthoritytobuy,sell,andsetTheauthorusestheterm“lifeblood”(Line1,para1.)toindicatethatwheat difficulttoproduceinlargeties B.waseasilyaffectedbyanimalsandC.essentialtothehealthofthecountryD.expensivetogatherandAccordingtothepassage,mostfarmers’debtshadtobepaid .A.whentheautumnharvesthadjustbeencompletedbecausewheatpriceswereassoonastheWinnipegGrainExchangedemandedpaymentD,whencropfailurecauseddepressionAccordingtothepassage,wheatpricesbecameuncontrolledbecauseofconditionscausedby B.C. D.Theword“check”(Line1,Para.3)couldbestbereplacedbywhichofthe B.C. D.Accordingtothepassage,apreliminarystepinthecreationoftheCanadianWheatBoardwastheappointmentof theWinnipegGrainExchangeB.aboardofC.severalproducergroups D.anew PassageThreeQuestions10to15arebasedonthefollowingYellowstoneParkisvisitedbytwomillionpeopleeverysummerandistheoldest,largestandmostvisitedwildernessintheworld.Allare eandareinvitedonarrivaltoleavetheircarsandexploreonfoot.Yellowstone,anationalparkforever100years,liesintheStateofWyoming,totheeastoftheRockyMountain.ItisalsointhecenteroftheNorthAmericancontinent,midwaybetweentheequatorandtheNorthPole,ataheightofover2300meters.Theverycoldwinterinthisareaclosestheparkaroundmid-NovemberandlastsuntilAprilorevenMay.InFebruarythetemperaturefallsaslowas60Fdegreebelowfreezing,andtheanimalsthatspendintheparkarebestabletoliveintheconditionssuchasbison,wapiti,beaversandotters.Fortunay,theareaaroundthehotspringsandgeysers esacentrallyheatedoasis(绿洲)inthedesertofsnow,providingwarmthandacertainmountoffoodfortheBisonusedtogoaroundtheplainsintheirmillionsuntiltheywerehuntedalmosttoextinction()bywhitemenwithguns.In1900onlytwodozenofthemremainedinthepark.However,sincethey eaprotectedanimal,theirnumbershaverisentoovertwothousand.Theendofwinteristhemostdangeroustimefortheanimalsasfood esevenlessandtheytakegreatrisks()tofindit,suchaswalkingacrossthinice.Thisperiodisknownas“winterkill”,whenmanyweakandtheolddie,oftenfrombeingtootiredout,thusprovidingfoodscavengerssuchasthecoyote(akindofwolf).Withthearrivalofsummer,plantsreappearandtheanimalsfillthemselveswithrichfood.Theyounggrowstrongandthetouristsreturntoenjoythewarmthor4monthsbeforeYellowstoneParkfreezesoveragain.11Bisonusedtogoindanger.Withtheprotection,thenumberis A.fallingdownB.goingC.stayingthesame ingless12TheRockyMountainsare A.inthecenterofB.tothewestofYellowstoneC.inthenorthofYellowstoneD.totheeastofYellowstone13WhichofthefollowingisNOTanA.otterB.C. D.Attheendofthe19th bisonranaroundtheplainsintheirbisonwerehuntedalmosttobisonbecameakindofprotectedtheirnumberrosemorethanFromthetext,wecanknowthat“ scavengersinthelastparagraph animalswhichfeedonotherdeadplaceswherewatercomesnaturallyfromthebirdswhichliveingrassanimalswhichalwayseatasmuchaspossiblePassageFourQuestions15to20arebasedonthefollowingWhatisyourfavoritecolor?Doyoulikeyellow,orange,red?Ifyoudo,youmustbeanoptimist(乐观者),aleader,anactive whoenjoylife,peopleandexcitement.Doyouprefergraysandblues?Thenyouareprobablyquiet,shyandyouwouldratherfollowthanlead.Ifyoulovegreen,youarestrong-mindedanddetermined.Youwishtosucceedandwantotherpeopletoseeyouaresuccessful.Atleastthisispsychologist(心理学家)lusandtheyshouldknow,becausetheyhavebeenseriouslystudyingthemeaningofcolorpreference,andtheeffectthatcolorshaveonhumanbeings.Theylusthatwedon’tchooseourfavouritecoloraswegrowup.Ifyouhappentolovebrown,youdidsoassoonasyouopenedyoureyes,oratleastassoonasyoucouldseeclearly.Ayellowroommakesusfeelmorecheerfulandmorecomfortablethanadarkgreenone,andareddressbringswarmthandcheertothesaddestwinterday.Ontheotherhand,blackisdepressing(压抑).Lightandbrightcolorsmakepeoplenotonlyhappierbutmoreactive.Itisafactthatfactoryworkersworkbetter,harderandhaveaccidentswhentheirmachinesarepaintedorangeratherthanblackordarkgray.Remember,then,thatifyoufeellow,youcanalwaysbrightenyourdayoryourlifewithanewshirtorafewcolorfulthings.RememberalsothatyouwillknowyourfriendsandyourenemiesbetterwhenyoufindoutwhatcolorstheylikeandAndforgetthatanyonecanguessalotaboutyourcharacterwhenyouchooseapieceofhandkerchieforalampshade.16.Fromthispassagewelearnthatanactivewouldpreferthose red,greenandyellowB.gray,blueorC.orange,yelloworredD.yellow,orangeorred17brightcoloredroomcan one’sA. B.C. D.cheer18Knowingthecolorpreferencecanhelpone intheirsocialA.understandtheotherpeople B.affectotherpeopleC.cheerupotherpeoplemoreD.study19Inafactory,inordertoreduceaccidentsormaketheworkersmorehappily,itisbettertohavethemachinespainted A. B.C.grayD.20Themainideaofthispassage A.one’scolorpreferenceshowsone’scharacterByoucanbrightenyourlifewithwonderfulpsychologistshavebeenstudyingthemeaningofcolorone’scolorpreferencehassomethingtodowithhischaracterandcolorshaveeffectsonhumanbeingsPartIIVocabularyandStructure(共40小题，每小题1分，共40分)Directions;Inthispartthereareforty pletesentences.Eachsentenceisfollowedbyfourchoices.ChoosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentenceandthenmarkyouranswerontheAnswersheet.—Mybestfriend’sinabad—Howabout hersome B.C.to D.OnmybirthdayIgotawatchfrommyuncle, wasmadeinA.whoB.thatC. D.Thenewscameasnosurprisetome,forI ofitA.hearB.heardC.have D.had—Whyaretheypullingdownthe— anewparkingA.BuildB.TobuildC.BuildingD.25．I onasofabecausemyparentshavecomefortheA.sleptB.wassleeC.havesleptD.amLastwinterwasextremelycold.,mostpeoplesayitwasthecoldestwinteroftheirA.At B.Asa C.InawordD.InIpassedbythesportsfieldtheotherday, therewasafootballmatchgoingonthen. B. C. D.Itwasagreatparty,thankyou.ButJill,why youmorefriendstocome?A.haven’t…invited B.don’t…inviteC.didn’t…inviteD.won’t…Hefailedthemid-termexaminationandonlythen howmuchtimehehadA.he B.didherealizeC.hehad D.hadheIhadenteredtheclassroomwhenInoticedtheheadmasterwassittingattheback. B.yet C.sooner D.hardlyThemostpopularfoodforforeigners on inBeijingisA. B.includingC.toincludeD.Themother,alongwithhertwo fromthesinkingaircraftbyapassinghave B.havebeenC.has D.hasbeen everymistakeyoumake,you’lllosehalfa B.C. D.Thispaintingissplendid,but weactuallyneeditisadifferentthatB.C. D.Thankyou,butI’llhaveto yourturnawayB.turnC.turnbackD.turnItwaswithgreatjoy hereceivedthenewsthathisbestfriendwouldcometoBeijing．because Janewentofftothepartywithherhusband, ahappyeveningofwine,foodandsong． C．to —Excuseme．IsthistherightwaytotheSummerPalace?—Sorry,I’mnotsure．Butit B．will Shirleysaidthatshewouldhaveatwo-weekholidayinJuly, Ithink,is B．that Althoughshedoesn’tliketoliveinthecountry, ,shegoesthereforaonceuponatimeB．sometimeC．onceinawhile D．fromnowon Areweabouttohaveadinner? inthedinningisbeing B.isC.has D.hasbeen I’dliketobuyanexpensivesports----Well,Mike,wehavegotseveral A.tobechosen B.toC.tochoose D.tobeAfenceatthebackofthegarden usfromtheA.separatedB.C. D.Thereisa betweentwoactsintheA. B. C.breakD. IsyourcameralikeBill’sand----No,butit’salmostthesameas A. B. C.themD.Athiefisadangerto A. B.the C.societiesD.aThecostofonedayinthehospitalinthiscitycanrun 250A.ashightoB.sohightoC.sohighasD.ashighIfyoukeepon,you’llsucceed A.in B.atone C.atthesame D.onIs possibletoflytothemooninaA.nowB.manC.thatD.Theplantisdead.I itmoreA.will B.wouldhaveC.mustgiveD.shouldhave thismaterialcanbeusedinourfactoryhasnotbeenstudiedA. B.WhatC.ThatD. itbeganraining.A.Assoonaswereached;B.Assoonaswehadreached;thenC.Nosoonerdidwereach;whenD.Nosoonerhadwereached;thenIfit finetomorrow,wewouldgoforaswimintheA.will B.shouldbeC. D.wereTheboyyoureferred isfarahead everyoneelseintheA.to;toB.to;ofC.at; D.at; How’stheyoung---- A.Heis B.He’saC.He’smuch D.He’sAssoonasheenteredtheroom,hetook hiscapandsatA. B. C.awayD.----Whatareyou----I’mlooking thechildren.TheyshouldbebackforlunchA.afterB. C. D.Theteachertoldtheclassto theirputawayB.putC.put D.putIaskedhimto meafewminutessothatwecouldgooveralltheA. B.saveC.spareD.Mother usstorieswhenwewerewasused B.isused C.used D.usedtoPartThreeCloze(20小题；每小题120分Directions:Therearetwentyblanksinthefollowingpassage.Foreachblanktherearefourchoices.ChoosetheonethatbestfitsintothepassageandthenmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.Whatmakesachildspeakalanguagehaslongbeenapuzzletolinguists(语言学家61speaking,therearetwoschoolslinguists,bothof62trytoexplain63achildpicksupalanguagesoeasily.Thefactthatachildpicksupalanguage 64issurprising:atoneyearold,achildisableto65"bye-bye";attwo,heisabletousefiftywords;bythreehebeginsto66tenses.ThefamousAmericanlinguistNoamChomsky67thathumanbeingshaveasortofbuilt-insystemforlanguageuse,andthatthe68isonlysecondary.Childrenarenottaughtlanguage69theyaretaughtOtherlinguists,70,holdtheviewthatchildlearns71ofhislanguagefromthehintsintheenvironment.72,theoristsofbothschools73 thatthereisabiologicalbasisforlanguageandlanguageuse.The74iswhichismoreimportant,theinnerabilityortheenvironment.Thisiscertainlyafield75tobeexplored.Researchersfrombothschoolsarebusyfindingevidenceto76theirowntheory,but77sideispersuadingtheother.Itseemsthatinorderto78whyachildlearnsalanguagesoeasily,wehaveto79 thejointeffortsofbothschools.Somelinguists,likeDeVilliers,haverecognizedthevalueofcooperation,and80linguistsofbothsidestoworktogether.61.A. B. C.ProperlyD.62.A.themB.whoC. D.63.A. B.whenC D.64.A.independentlyB.naturallyC.withouthelpD.with65.A.speakB. C.waveD.66.A. B.studyC.haveD.67.A. B.believesC. D.68.A. B. C.environmentD.69.A. B. C.whenD.70.A.in B.asaresultC.howeverD.71.A.alittleB.someC. D..A. B.FromnowonC.JustnowD.ByA.B.disagreeC.agreeD.A. B. C.problemD.A. B.planningC.neverD.A. B. C. D.A.not B. C. D.78.A.findout B.ruleput'C.searchforD.lookfor79A.getridof B.trustin C.relyon D.persistin80A.ordered B.criticizedC.challenged D.urged第II卷（共50分）PartIVTranslation(35分SectionA5420分mericanresearchershavedevelopedatechniquethatmay eanimportanttoolinfightingAIDS.（Passageone）thadhappenedtoooftenthattheysoldtheirwheatsoonafterharvestwhenfarmdebtswerecomingdue(到期)(PassageTwo)Parkisvisitedbytwomillionpeopleeverysummerandistheoldest,largestandmostvisitedwildernessintheworld.(PassageThree)becausetheyhavebeenseriouslystudyingthemeaningofcolorpreference,andtheeffectthatcolorshaveonhumanbeings.(PassageFour)Lightandbrightcolorsmakepeoplenotonlyhappierbutmoreactive.(PassageSectionB(共5小题，每小题3分，共15分Directions:Translatethefollowingsentencesinto一般而言，会讲流利英语的毕业生比英语不好的毕业生机会在网上搜索有没有更好的办法PartVWriting(15分Directions:InthispartyouarerequiredtowriteacompositionaboutYourViewonTraveling.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsandbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinebelow.12、学生因为选择了不同的选修21-25ACDBD/26-31-35DDABB/36-41-45ACACB/46-51-55DDCBC/56-8.C8.79.80.WiththereformofChinesehigher