2022高考英语北师大版大一轮复习高考提能练（二十）选修7Unit20NewFrontiersWord版含解析

高考提能练（二十）选修7Uni（20NewFrontiers第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A（2021•山西省八校高三第一次联考）WelookaheadtoLondon'sartandexhibilionopeningsandselectthemust-seeshows.DoublescienceIt'sabigmonthfortheScienceMuseum,withanewgallerj,andanexhibitionopening.ThcScicnccCitygalleiytellsthestoryofLondonbctwcenlSS0andl800whenmajorscientificbreakthroughswerehappeningacrossthecity—fromNewton'slawsofphysicstothcbirthofinicroscopcsallowingustosccthctinycrcaturcsthatlivcainongus.lfthatisn'tcnoughthere'salsoanexhibitiononhowartandsciencehaveworkedcloselytogetheroverthecenturiesandcontinuetodosotoday.ScienceCity155011800：TheLinburyGalIeryattheScienceMuseum.Opensl2September-13October,free.TheAiloflnnovation：FromEnlightcnmcnttoDarkMattcratthcScicnccMuscum.25Scptcmbcr-26January,frccbutticketcd.Areyouworriedyet?Weallsufferfromanxiety.Artistslookinlothisthroughartworksthatbringtolighttheirownanxietiesorhowpeoplelivingwithanxietymanage.Theexhibitionalsocoversvvhatanxietywouldlooklikeifitcouldbevisualisedinlightorsound—somethingweimaginetobeimpossible.OnEdge：LivinginanAgeofAnxietyatScienceGallery.l9September—©January,free.ClimbingthewallsNoartisthasmadcabiggcrcarccroutofplacingsculpturcsofliumanfigurcsallovcrthcplacc.AntonyGormley，theartistbehindtheAngeloftheNorthandsculpturesstandingalloverLondon,（akesovertheRoyalAcademyofArtswithablockbusting（轰动一时的）exhibition.Thisisthehotartticketinlown.AntonyGormleyatRoyalAcademyofArts.21October—3December,£18—22.语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。介绍了伦敦艺术展的部分活动内容和开放时间。readyaccesstoforestsorthewilderness”相衔接，且与空后一句中的“greenenvironmentsincitieshavebeneficialeffects”相呼应，所以选B项。］第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（2021•黑龙江省六校协作体第一次模拟）TOC\o"1-5"\h\zItslartedoutasanordinaryday.Iwasshoppingatlhedepartmentstore,whenit1methatlhadpromisedtodoareading2一reading50pagesofabookever）zdayfor75days.Withthisinmind,Ipickcda3byRachclHollisandwenthoine.Shortlyaftcrlsatdownrcading,mydogstartcdbarking.4.,Ithrewthebookdownontothecushionto5thedog.WhenIreturned，Ifbunda（n）65-dollarbillornhefloor.Assumingitnewoutofthebook,Iglancedthroughpagesinthe78,Tothepersonwhobuysthisbook：I'mhavingahardday.MaybeIcould2someoneelse'swiththislittlegift...”Ithoughtitwassomeonercally10thatshiftedtheencrgyonsuchabaddayto11somconeelse's.lflwashaving12days,Fdjustwanttoscttlcbackcatingicccrcam!Iwantedtosharethe13gesturewithmvfriendsonsocialniedia，sol14aDhotoofthenoieandbillonawebsite15bvlhewords：uRememberyouareloved.Ybuareamazing，Lisa.Thephotohassincegained16ofsocialmediausers>receivingthousandsoflikes.Nowlam17withresponsesfrompeoplewhohavebeen18topaythegooddeedfbnvard.Ihopethecountlessnewstorieswill19Lisa，theauthorofthenote,sothatshccouldknowthc20oflicrsirnplckindncss.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者买回家一本书，意外发现里面夹着一张钞票和便条,原来是一个叫Lisa的陌生人在自己不如意的一天给别人准备的礼物。作者将Lisa的善举上传到社交媒体后，引发了一连串的善行。A.worriedB.remindedC［结合语境和下文中的“With【hisinmind”可知，作者正在百货公司购物时，突然想起自己曾承诺要进行一项阅读挑战。hit后跟sb.,可以表示“使某人突然想起”。］A.challengeB.testC.studyD.surveyA［破折号后的内容“reading50pagesofabookeverydayfor75days”是对空处内容的解释，这是一项挑战。challenge”挑战，艰巨任务”。JA.listB.noteC.recordD.workD［想到了这件事，作者挑选了一本RachelHollis的书，然后回家了。work”著作，（艺术）作品”。］A.EventuallyB.ConsequentlyC.GraduallyD.SuddenlyB［作者坐下看书后不久，她的狗就开始叫了起来。因此她把书扔到垫子上，去查看她的小狗。根据语境可知，空处前后之间是因果关系，所以此处用副词Consequemly”结果，因此，所以］A.checkonB.bringinC.holdupD.findoutA［参见上题解析。checkon”核实，检查（是否一切正常）"；bringin”吸引，引入”；holdup”搀扶，支撑"；findoul"弄清，发现”。］A.movingB.amusingC.confusingD.satisfyingC［作者发现在地上莫名其妙多了一张5美元的钞票，感到很惊奇。confusing“令人困惑的”。］A.expectationB.formC.directionD.processA［作者假定钱是从书中飞出来的，于是翻阅书页，希望能找到线索。intheexpectalionof”希望，期待"；inlheformof”以形式”；iitthedirectionof"朝方向"；intheprocessof"在的过程中"。］A.writesB.readsB［作者发现了一张夹在书中的便条，上面写的有内容。read”（指示牌、信上等）写着"。］A.observeB.memorizeC.lengthenD.brightenD［此处表示“我这一天过得不好，也许我可以用这个小礼物使别人有愉悦的一天”。brighten”使更开心，使更有趣”。］A.creativeB.elegantC.energeticD.specialD［根据上文的内容以及下文作者拿自己与写便条的人作对比ulflwashavingdays,rdjustwanttosettlebackeatingicecreamM可知，写便条的人某一天的日子很艰难，但却转移精力去改善别人的一天，作者认为这样的人很特别。special”特殊的，特别的“。］A.praisingB.improvingC.understandingD.noticingB［结合语境以及上文提到的“wilhthislittlegift”可知,写便条的人想改善别人的一天。improve"改善”。］A.busyB.pleasantC.toughD.boring上文中的“Imhavingahardday"“onsuchabadday”暗示了此处是作者拿自己与写便条的人作对比。tough“艰苦的，艰难的”。］A.smartB.seriousC.sweetD.strangeC［作者想在社交媒体上和朋友们分享这一友好的（swee。善举。］A.tookB.selectedC.collectedD.postedD［作者在网站上发布了一张便条和钞票的照片。post“贴，发布"。］A.acpaniedB.simplifiedC.clarifiedD.confirmedA［发布的照片附带了文字：“记住你是被爱的。你是了不起的，Lisa。”aepany”（书、文件等）附有，带有，配有“。simplify”使简化，使简易"；clarify”使更清晰易懂，阐明”；confirm”证实，证明”。］B.attentionA.rewardB.attentionencouragementD.trustB［照片得到了社交媒体用户的关注，获得了数千个赞。attention“注意，关注”。］17.A.floodedB.associatedfacedD.providedA［作者现在收到了很多人的回复。befloodedwithsth.“大量收到某物”。］18.A.interestedB.inspiredremendedD.urgedB［他们被Lisa的善举鼓舞(inspired),都以实际行动把这种善行传递下去。interest”使感兴趣，使关注"；remend“建议”；urge“催促，力劝”。］A.changeB.helpC.connectD.reachI)［根据下文中的“soihatshecouldknow”可知，作者希望这些新的故事最终能传到Lisa,也就是便条的作者那里。reach”得知(信息)”。］A.purposeB.spreadC.impactD.reputationC［作者希望Lisa能充分了解到自己的善举所带来的影响。impact“影响”。］第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021•武汉市部分高三摸底检测)TOC\o"1-5"\h\zAward-winningfoodwriterFuchsiaDunlopwenttoliveinChengdu,China1.astudentin1994.Shewasfondofthefoodtheresomuchthatshepromisedtoeatevery(hingshe2.(offer)fromtheverjfbeginning,,shcwrotcabookcaWcdShark'sFinandSichuanPepper,whichdcscribcsher4.(friend)relationshipwithChinaanditsfood.Forme，lhisbookhas5.veryspecialplaceinmyheart.IwasinChengdualthesameiime,Iivinginthesameareaand6.(eat)inthesamerestaurantsasnever7.(meet)herandldon'tevenememberseeingsomeonewholookedlikeher.ButherdescriptionofChengdu,ofSichuancuisine,ofbeinga8.(foreign)inChinainthe1990s,andof(hecultureshockwhenonereturnstotheWestare9.(exact)whatlexperiencedandfehwhenllivedthere.Butwhatshedoesthatlhaveneverbeenabletodoistoexpressitsopreciselyinwritingwhatallofitmeans-bcingsoniconccaughtbctwccntwoculturcs.SoifyouwanttorcallyundcrstandChinafromanoutsidcr'spcrspective,addShark'sFinandSichuanPeppeitoyourhstoflO.(book)toread.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。介绍了一部由美食作家FuchsiaDunlop写的美食游记《鱼翅与花椒》的相关情况。.解析：考查介词。根据该句中的“asludent”和语境可知，该处指“以一名学生的身份居住在中国成都“，as后可接表示身份、职位的名词，表示“作为，当作"，故用as。答案：as.解析：考查动词的时态和语态。根据该句中的“promised”可知，该处陈述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时；分析句子结构可知，she和动词offer之间为被动关系，故空处用一般过去时的被动语态。答案：wasoffered.解析：考查引导让步状语从句的从属连词。分析句子结构并根据语境可知，空处引导让步状语从句，表示“无论到什么程度，不管多么”，故应用however。答案：however.解析：考查形容词。形容词修饰名词，空处修饰名词relationship,故用形容词friendly,表示“友好的”。答案：friendly.解析：考查冠词。根据句意可知，该处泛指“一个特别的地位”，故用不定冠词；又very的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。答案：a.解析：考查现在分词。分析句子结构可知，空处和现在分词“living”并列，主语I和动词eat之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词eatingo答案：eating.解析：考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“never”可知，“我”从来没有遇见过她；根据语境可知，该句陈述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。答案：met.解析：考查名词。根据空前的“beinga”和句意可知，该处指“作为一个在中国的外国人”，故应填名词foreignero答案：foreigner.解析：考查副词。副词修饰动词或者整个句子。分析该句结构可知，空处修饰what引导的表语从句，故用副词形式。答案：exactly.解析:考查名词的单复数。book为可数名词，根据该句中的lisi和句意可知，该处指“书单”，应不止一本书，故应用名词的复数形式。答案：books第三部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（八），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限•词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。（2021•东北三校高三第一次联合模拟）Oneday,Sallywenttoworkbythetaxi.Unfortunately,whenshearrivedheroffice,sherealizedthatshehasleftherbaginthetaxi.Shebecameworriedbecauseinthebagwasthematerialneedingfoithemeetingtobehekiinanhour.HaIfanhourlate,shereceivedacallfromaman,toldherthathewassendingthebagtoheiinperson.Wonderingwherethemanknewheraddressandtelephoncnumbcr,Sally,hcadingforthcmcctingroom.答案：Oneday,Sallywcnttoworkbytaxi.Unfortunately,whenshearrived②:（heroffice,①shcrealizcdthatshchasleftherbaginthetaxi.©hadShebecamewoiriedbecauseinthebagwasthematerialneeding©neededfoithcnicetingtobchcldinanhour.Halfanhourlate,shereceivedacallfromaman,told⑤later©tellingherthathewassendingthebagtoherinperson.Wonderingwhere©howthemanknewheraddressandtelephonenumbeisSallywentdownstairs.Itwasactuallythedriverwhich©whosetaxishchadtakcn.ThcdrivcrtoldSallythathchadfbundhis@herbusinesscardinthebagsothathecouldfindSally.Sallyexpressedherthank⑩Ihanks（othedriveiandhurriedupstairs,headingforthenieetingroom.第二节书面表达（满分25分）（2021•东北三省四市高考模拟）假定你是李华，暑期在纽约学习，得知当地博物馆要举办中国瓷器（china）展。请你给负责人写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：.写信意图；.个人优势。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DcarSir,Yourssincerely,LiHua答案：DcarSir,TOC\o"1-5"\h\zlamLiHua,aChinesestudenlwhoistakingasummercourseinNewYorknow.IhavelearnedfromyouradvertisementthataChinesechinaexhibilionwillbeheldinthelocalmuseum，solamwritingtoapplyforthepositionasastudentvolunteer.IcanspeakfluentEnglishaswellasstandardChinese.Besides,lonceleamedalotaboutchinainourschoolchinaclubandhavebeencrazyaboutcollectingavarietyofchinacups.Youngandenergetic»rmkeenonmunicatingwithforeignfriends.Thus,rmconvincedthatl'niqualifiedforthejob.IwouldbegratcfulifniyapplicationcouldmectwithyourapprovaLIanilookingfbrwardtoyourrcply.Yourssinccrcly,LiHuaWhatisonshowintheScienceCitygallery?Someofthegreatestphysicists.ThestoriesoftheLondondevelopnient.C.Thcprcdictionofthefuturescience.D.Somcofthcgrcatachicvcmcntsinhistory.D［考查细节理解。本题问的是“在科学城展览馆上展览什么”。根据题干中的关键词uScienceCity”,定位到Doublescience部分中的叮heScienceCitygallerytellsthestoryofLondonbetween1550and1800whenmajorscientificbreakthroughswerehappeningacrossthecily”可知，展出的是历史上重大的科学突破。所以答案为D项。］Whichcxhibitionallowsvisitorstogetafeclinginanewway?TheArtoflnnovation.OnEdgc.RoyalAcademyofArts.ScienceCily1550—1800.B［考查细节理解。本题问的是''哪一个展览能让参观者耳目一新”。根据Areyouworriedyet?部分中的“Theexhibitionalsocoverswhatanxietywouldlooklikeifitcouldbevisualisedinlightorsound”可知，展览包括用光和声音对焦虑进行视觉化，因此参观者会对焦虑有一个新的感觉，故答案为B项。］Whencanvisitorsseethesefourexhibitionsaltogether?A.InJanuary.B.InSeptember.C.InOctober.D.InDecember.q考查细节理解。本题问的是“参观者什么时候能够把这四个展览都观看了”。根据文中对各个展览的时间介绍可以判断，应该是在十月份。故答案为c项。］B（2021•河北省高三年级名校联考）Inelementaryschool,GlennCameronwasveryawareofthechallengesfacedbyhisfriend.Roger,whohadlostahand.Nowhehasbuiltanartiilcialhelperfbrhim.Therobotichandiscalled“Dexi，J.Eachofitsfingerscanmoveindependently.Thestrengthandspeedofthehand's"musclesMcanbecontrolled.He'salsocreatedadigitalversionofthishand,whichrespondsonaputerscreen.Throughaspecialheadset(hesystemtakeselectricalsignalsfromahumanbrain,sendsthenitoaputer,andthentheputer“tellsthehandwhattodo.Forexample,tomakethehandclose,you“see"afistinyourhead.Infact,Cameron'sfirstrobotichandwas3Dprintedonline.Realizingthchandwastoolimitcd,hcdccidcdtobuildhisown.Itwasquitcachallcngc,buthisncwvcrsionwasbcttcr.Itwasalsochcap,paredtomanyotherrobotichandprojects.Carneronsaysdesigningandbuildingthehandwashard»buthewenlon.ThencametheoneRogerisusing.Cameronisworkingonahandthatcanactuallybeusedbyapersonwho'slostahandatpresent.Hesaysthenewhandwillbesimpler,becausetherewon'tbeasmuchspace.Tomakeupfoithis,hc'saddingaminicameraandtryingtomakcthchandsmartcr.Cameronencouragesyoungpcoplewhothinktheyinightwanttodosomethingdcniandingandsimilar,“Youjustbcginvvorkingtowardsit.Takconclittlestcpatatimc»purposefulandstcadfast,soonerorlateryou'regoingtogettotheplaceyoulongfor.,,语篇解读：在的时候，GlennCameron看到朋友缺少一只手，内心很受触动，他现在已经制造出了可以由人脑控制的机械手来帮助朋友。WhichversionoftheartificialhanddoesDexibelongto?A.Thefirst.B.Thesecond.C.Thcthird.D.Thcfourth.C［考查推理判断。Dexi出现在第二段，但本题要结合上下文内容来推理才能得到答案。根据第一段的尾句和第二段的开头可知，Dexi是Roger现在使用的机械手版本。第三段谈到Cameron制作的第一个机械手是3D打印出来的，但他不满意。于是，他花费时间制造了第二个版本的机械手，这个版本比第一个要好。但他继续研发，于是便有了第三代机械手Roger现在使用的Dexi。］HowcouldauserofthedigitalversionofDexicontroltherobotichand?Byopcratingthcputcr.Bythinking.Bysendingelectricalsignalstolhehand.Byspeaking.B［考查细节理解。根据第二段的"Throughaspecialheadset...Forexample,tomakethehandclose,you'see'afistinyourhead”可知，Dexi的数字版本通过特殊的头部装置，收集大脑发出的电子信号并发送给电脑，电脑“告诉”机械手要做什么。比如，为了把手握起来，你可以在你的脑海中“看到”一个拳头。由此可推知，这个版本的机械手的使用者可以通过“想”来操作机械手。］WhichsayingdoCamcron'swordsconvey?Wcllbcgunishalfdonc.Thelongestjourneybeginswiththefirststep.Allthingsaredifficullbeforetheyareeasy.Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart.D［考查推理判断。最后一段谈到Cameron鼓励那些想做类似的费力的事情的年轻人：只要开始朝着它努力，一步一个脚印，坚定信念，迟早你会到达想去的地方，即实现目标。D项“Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart””有志者，事竟成”与他的话所表达的意思一致。］Whalisthetextmainlyabout?Cameron'sbraincontrolledrobolichands.Cameron'sstoryofsuccess.Thelatestdesignsofartificialintelligencehands.Arobotichclpcrforthcdisablcd.A［考查主旨大意。全文主要谈了Cameron为帮助失去手的人设计和制造的机械手，故选A项。］C（2021•山东省部分重点考试）LovethewayyouwalkTOC\o"1-5"\h\zListencarefullytothefootsteps,andyoucanworkoutwhoiswalking.Thefeaturesmonlyusedtoidentifypeopleaiefacesandfingerprints.Butthcwaythcywalkisalsoagivcaway.Researchershaveusedvideocamerasandputerstoanalyzepeople'sgaits（步jS）.BuUranslatingsuchknowledgein（oapraclicalidenlificalionsystemcanbelricky.Camerasareoflenvisible,：pressure-sensitivemats.Suchmatsarenothingne,theytestedthesystemonadatabaseoffootstepsofl27people.Theyfounditsenorrateinidentifyingwhowaswhowasamere0.7%,AndScullysaysevenwithoutadatabaseoffbotsleps>thesystemcandeterminesomeone'ssexandasubject'sage.Oneapplicationofthemat-basedgait-recognitionsystemmightbeinhealthcare,particularlyfoitheelderly.Amatplaccdinanursinghomeoranoldpcrson'sownresidencecouldmonitorchangcsinanindividual'sgaitthatindicatc,monitoringacccsstorcstrictcdarcas,suchaspartsofmilitarybases,serverfarnisorlaboratoriesdealingwiihdangerousmalerials.Perhapsthemostinteresiinguseofthemats,though,wouldbeinpublicplaces»suchasairports.语篇解读：脸和指纹常被用来识别人，其实人们走路的方式也可以用来识别人。本文介绍了通过人的步态识别人的“压力感应垫”的工作原理以及使用前景等。WhatismainlytalkedaboutinParagraph2?A.Rcsearchcquipmcnt.B.Rcsearchbackground.C.Researchassumptions.D.Researchfindings.同考查段落大意。通读第二段可知，该段说明研究人员使用过摄像机和电脑来分析人们的步态，但由于受光线和视线等因素的影响，摄像机使用很不方便。因此Dr.Ozanyan和Dr.Scully带领的团队一直在寻找一种更好的步态识别方法，并给出答案：压力感应垫。据此可知，第二段介绍了“压力感应垫”的研究背景，故B项正确。］Whatisthcmatuscdfor?A.Collectingdata.B.Ensuringsafety.C.Determiningage.D.Analyzingpressure.A［考查细节理解。根据第三段第三句"ButOzanyanandScullyuseaplicatedversionthatcanrecordtheamountofpressureappliedindifferentplacesassomeonewalksacrossit”可知,当人们走过时，这种垫子可以记录在不同地方施加的压力数据；据此可知，垫子是用来搜集压力数据的,故A项正确。］Whatmightthcgait-rccognitionsystcmbcapplicdto?Monitoringsecurityworkprogress.Detectingpolentialhealthproblems.Keepingtrackoftravellingfrequency.Warningpassengersofpossibledangers.B［考查细节理解。根据尾段，尤其是该段第二、三句可知，这种垫子用在养老院或老人家里可以监测老人步态变化，从而为人们提供某些疾病的早期预警，故B项正确。］Whatisthemainpuiposeofthepassage?Toparedifferentwaystoidentifypeople.Toshowpeopletheimpoitanceoftechnology.Tbpcrsuadcpcoplctobuythcmat.Toinformpeopleofsomethingaboutpressure-sensitivemats.D［考查写作目的。通读全文可知，本文介绍了一种通过人的步态来识别人的“压力感应垫”；文章重点介绍了“压力感应垫”的工作原理以及使用前景等。据此可知，D项正确。］D（2021•广州市综合检测二）Texasrancher（牧场主）CharlcsGoodnighthadaproblcm.HcnccdcdskillcdcowboystodrivchishcrdoftwothousandlonghorncattletoNewMexicotobesold.Hecouldn'tofferhighwages.Hecouldn'tproniiseeasyjobsorevenniceweather.Bu（hethoughttha（decen（,hotmealsmightenticementoworkforhim.Inthemidtolate1800s,cattledrivessometimestookthreetofourmonths,andoncethedrivebegan,therewercnostoresforhundrcdsofmiles.Allthcfoodandsuppliesneedcdfonhetripwcrecarricdontwo-whcclcdcarts.Usually»thccowboy'sfoodwasboringandunappctizing.Goodnightwenttoworkandsolvedtheproblem.Hisinventionofamobilekitchen,thechuckwagon（炊事用车），gotitsnamefromthecowboywordfbrfoodchuck”.GoodnighttookanoldarmywagonandrebuiltilwiththeOsageorange，whichissotoughthatlndiansusedittomakebows.Thewagon'sironaxleswerestiongeithanthewoodenonesfoundonstandardwagons,andthewidenvheelslastedlonger.Besidesfoodandeatingutensils,itheldeverythingfromfirst-aidsuppliestoneedlesandthread.Itevencontainedacookingstove.Thcfirstchuckwagonwasaninstantsuccess.EightccncowhandsjoincdGoodnightandhispartncr,OliverLoving,todrivethecattletoNewMexico，earningthepairahandsonieprofit.TheroutetheytooklatercalledlheGoodnight-LovingTrailbecameoneofthemostheavilyusedcattletrailsinlheSouthwest.Thechuckwagonsoonwasthebackboneofallsuccessfulcattledrives.Otheriancherscreatedtheirownmovingkitchensandeven(ualIytheS(udebakerpanyproducedchuckwagonsthalsoldfor$75to$100apiece,about$l,OOOtoday.Thechuckwagonwasniuchinorethanamobilekitchen.Sometimescalled“thetraildrive'smothership”，itwaslikeamagnetthatdrewthementogether.Thewagonandthegroundarounditwerethecowboy'shome.Thereheenjoyedhotmeals»awannfire,andgoodpanionship.Hecouldalsogetabandage»ahaircut»orlinimenlforhissoremuscles.Andlhere,underlhestarsandaroundthechuckwagon,hecrawledintohisbedrolleachnight.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在十九世纪，得克萨斯州的牧场主查尔斯•古德奈特认为提供像样的热饭菜可能会吸引牛仔们为他工作，帮助他把牛赶到新墨西哥州。为此，他发明了炊事用车，车里带有食物、急救用品、炉子等，让赶牛的人能在沿途吃到像样的热饭菜、享受到温暖的炉火和良好的友谊。这种车不仅仅是一个可移动的厨房，它更为牛仔们提供了一个“家、Whatdoestheunderlinedword^entice^inParagraph1mean?A.Inform.B.Direct.C.Enable.D.Attract.D［考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的uHccoiildn'toffcrhighwagcs.Hccouldn'tproniisccasyjobsorcvcnniccwcathcr.Biithcthoughtthatdcccnt,hotmealsmightenticementoworkforhimM和语境可知，他不能提供高工资，也不能保证会有容易的活儿或好天气；但他认为，像样的热饭菜可能会吸引别人为他工作。据此可以判断，画线词的含义与D项的含义最为接近。］Whywerecattledrivesinthemid-to-late1800ssotough?Allthecattlewerecairiedontwo-wheeledvehicles.Freshfoodsupplieswerehardtofindonthedrive.Thcrewcrcnotcnoughcowboystodrivcthccattlc.D.Therewasnoplacetostorefoodandnecessarysupplies.B［考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“iherewerenostoresforhundredsofmiles...wasboringandun叩pelizing”可知，在赶牛的旅途中难以吃到新鲜的食物。故B项正确。］WhatdoweknowaboutGoodnight'schuckwagonfromthetext?Itwasstrongerthantheordinarywagons.Ilwasmainlyusedtoprovidefirstaid.Itcouldbechangedintoasleepingarea.ItwassoldtootherranchersbyGoodnight.A［考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“rebuiltitwiththeOsageorange...andthewiderwheelslastedlonger”可知，古德奈特发明的炊事用车比一般的四轮运货车更坚固，故A项正确。JWhatisthebesttitleforthetext?TheCowboys'ProblemGoodnight-LovingTrailTheCowboys'HomeonWheelsExcitingCattlcDrivesintheWcstC［考查标题判断。通读全文可知，牧场主查尔斯・古德奈特为解决牛仔们的吃饭问题而发明了炊事用车，而且这种车不仅仅是一个可移动的厨房，它更为牛仔们提供了一个“家”。故C项最适合作本文的标题。］第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（2021•南昌市高三一模）WhyWalkinginNatureMakesYouaBetterVVorker?WeYebusyatwork,distracted（注意力分散的）bytechnologyandoftenliveinurbanenvironmentsfarfromwildspaces.1.TheaverageAmerican♦forexample»spendsabout