1997年考研英语真题及解析

年攻读入学考试英语试PartⅠClozeForeachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourchoicesmarked［A］,［B］,［C］and［D］.ChoosethebestoneandmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebrackets.(10points)ManpowerInc.,with560000workers,istheworld’slargesttemporaryemploymentagency.Everymorning,itspeople1intotheofficesandfactoriesofAmerica,seekingaday’sworkforaday’spay.Onedayatatime.2industrialgiantslikeGeneralMotorsandIBMstruggletosurvive3reducingthenumberofemployees,Manpower,basedinMilwaukee,Wisconsin,isbooming. itseconomycontinuestorecover,theUSisincreasingly inganationofpart-timersandtemporaryworkers.This“5”workforceisthemostimportant6inAmericanbusinesstoday,anditis7changingtherelationshipbetweenpeopleandtheirjobs.Thephenomenonprovidesawayforcompaniestoremainglobally 8avoidingmarketcyclesandthegrowingburdens byemploymentrules,healthcareandpensionplans.Forworkersitcanmeananendtothesecurity,benefitsandsenseof thatcamefrombeingaloyalemployee.EvenNowIfProvided［A］ ［B］conviction［C］ ［D］PartⅡReadingEachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.Foreachquestiontherearefouranswersmarked［B］,［C］and［D］.Readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.ThenmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebrackets.(40points)PassageItwas3:45inthemorningwhenthevotewasfinallytaken.Aftersixmonthsofarguingandfinal16hoursofhotparliamentarydebates,Australia’sNorthernTerritorybecamethefirstlegalauthorityintheworldtoallowdoctorstotakethelivesofincurablyillpatientswhowishtodie.Themeasurepassedbytheconvincingvoteof15to10.AlmostimmediaywordflashedontheInternetandwaspickedup,halfaworldaway,byJohnHofsess,executivedirectoroftheRighttoDieSocietyofCanada.Hesentitonviathegroup’son-lineservice,DeathNET.SaysHofsess:“Wepostedbulletinsalldaylong,becauseofcoursethisisn’tjustsomethingthathappenedinAustralia.It’sworldhistory.”Thefullimportmaytakeawhiletosinkin.TheNTRightsoftheTerminallyIlllawhasleftphysiciansandcitizensaliketryingtodealwithitsmoralandpracticalimplications.Somehavebreathedsighsofrelief,others,includingchurches,right-to-lifegroupsandtheAustralianMedicalAssociation,bitterlyattackedthebillandthehasteofitspassage.Butthetideisunlikelytoturnback.InAustralia—whereanagingpopulation,life-extendingtechnologyandchangingcommunityattitudeshaveallplayedtheirpart—otherstatesaregoingtoconsidermakingasimilarlawtodealwitheuthanasia.IntheUSandCanada,wheretheright-to-diemovementisgatheringstrength,observersarewaitingforthedominoestostartfalling.UnderthenewNorthernTerritorylaw,anadultpatientcanrequestdeath—probablybyadeadlyinjectionorpill—toputanendtosuffering.Thepatientmustbediagnosedasterminallyillbytwodoctors.Aftera“coolingoff”periodofsevendays,thepatientcansignaofrequest.After48hoursthewishfordeathcanbemet.ForLloydNickson,a54-year-oldDarwinresidentsufferingfromlungcancer,theNTRightsofTerminallyIlllawmeanshecangetonwithlivingwithoutthehauntingfearofhissuffering:aterrifyingdeathfromhisbreathingcondition.“I’mnotafraidofdyingfromaspiritualpointofview,butwhatIwasafraidofwashowI’dgo,becauseI’vewatchedpeopledieinthehospitalfightingforoxygenandclawingattheirmasks,”hesays.Fromthesecondparagraphwelearn ［A］theobjectiontoeuthanasiaisslowtocomeinother［B］physiciansandcitizenssharethesameviewon［C］changingtechnologyischieflyresponsibleforthehastypassageofthe［D］ittakestimetorealizethesignificanceofthelaw’sWhentheauthorsaysthatobserversarewaitingforthedominoestostartfalling,he ［A］observersaretakingawait-and-seeattitudetowardsthefutureof［B］similarbillsarelikelytobepassedintheUS,Canadaandother［C］observersarewaitingtoseetheresultofthegameof［D］theeffect-takingprocessofthepassedbillmayfinallycometoaWhenLloydNicksondies,he ［A］facehisdeathwithcalmcharacteristicof［B］experiencethesufferingofalungcancer［C］haveanintensefearofterrible［D］undergoacoolingoffperiodofsevenTheauthor’sattitudetowardseuthanasiaseemstobethat ［A］ ［B］ ［C］ ［D］PassageAreportconsistentlybroughtbackbyvisitorstotheUSishowfriendly,courteous,andhelpfulmostAmericansweretothem.Tobefair,thisobservationisalsofrequentlymadeofCanadaandCanadians,andshouldbestbeconsideredNorthAmerican.Thereare,ofcourse,exceptions.Small-mindedofficials,rudewaiters,andill-manneredtaxidriversarehardlyunknownintheUS.YetitisanobservationmadesofrequentlythatitdeservesForalongperiodoftimeandinmanypartsofthecountry,atravelerwas ebreakinandullexistence.Dullnessandlonelinesswerecommonproblemsofthefamilieswhogenerallyliveddistantfromoneanother.Strangersandtravelerswere esourcesofdiversion,andbroughtnewsoftheoutsideworld.Theharshrealitiesofthefrontieralsoshapedthistraditionofhospitality.Someonetravelingalone,ifhungry,injured,orill,oftenhadnowheretoturnexcepttothenearestcabinorsettlement.Itwasnotamatterofchoiceforthetravelerormerelyacharitableimpulseonthepartofthesettlers.Itreflectedtheharshnessofdailylife:ifyoudidn’ttakeinthestrangerandtakecareofhim,therewasnooneelsewhowould.Andsomeday,remember,youmightbeinthesamesituation.Todaytherearemanycharitableorganizationswhichspecializeinhelthewearytraveler.Yet,theoldtraditionofhospitalitytostrangersisstillverystrongintheUS,especiallyinthesmallercitiesandtownsawayfromthebusytouristtrails.“Iwasjusttravelingthrough,gottalkingwiththisAmerican,andprettysoonheinvitedmehomefordinner—amazing.”SuchobservationsreportedbyvisitorstotheUSarenot mon,butarenotalwaysunderstoodproperly.ThecasualfriendlinessofmanyAmericansshouldbeinterpretedneitherassuperficialnorasartificial,butastheresultofahistoricallydevelopedculturaltradition.Asistrueofanydevelopedsociety,inAmericaacomplexsetofculturalsignals,assumptions,andconventionsunderliesallsocialinterrelationships.And,ofcourse,speakingalanguagedoesnotnecessarilymeanthatsomeoneunderstandssocialandculturalpatterns.Visitorswhofailto“translate”culturalmeaningsproperlyoftendrawwrongconclusions.Forexample,whenanAmericanusestheword“friend”,theculturalimplicationsofthewordmaybequitedifferentfromthoseithasinthevisitor’slanguageandculture.Ittakesmorethanabriefencounteronabustodistinguishbetweencourteousconventionandindividualinterest.Yet,beingfriendlyisavirtuethatmanyAmericansvaluehighlyandexpectfrombothneighborsandstrangers.Intheeyesofvisitorsfromtheoutside ［A］rudetaxidriversarerarelyseeninthe［B］small-mindedofficialsdeserveaserious［C］Canadiansarenotsofriendlyastheir［D］mostAmericansarereadytoofferItcouldbeinferredfromthelastparagraph ［A］cultureexercisesaninfluenceoversocial［B］courteousconventionandindividualinterestare［C］variousvirtuesmanifestthemselvesexclusivelyamong［D］socialinterrelationshipsequalthecomplexsetofculturalFamiliesinfrontiersettlementsusedtoentertain ［A］toimprovetheirhard［B］inviewoftheirlong-distance［C］toaddsomeflavortotheirowndaily［D］outofacharitableThetraditionofhospitalityto ［A］tendstobesuperficialand［B］isgenerallywellkeptupintheUnited［C］isalwaysunderstood［D］hassomethingtodowiththebusytouristPassageTechnically,anysubstanceotherthanfoodthataltersourbodilyormentalfunctioningisadrug.Manypeoplemistakenlybelievethetermdrugrefersonlytosomesortofmedicineoranillegalchemicaltakenbydrugaddicts.Theydon’trealizethatfamiliarsubstancessuchasalcoholandtobaccoarealsodrugs.Thisiswhythemoreneutraltermsubstanceisnowusedbymanyphysiciansandpsychologists.Thephrase“substanceabuse”isoftenusedinsteadof“drugabuse”tomakeclearthatsubstancessuchasalcoholandtobaccocanbejustasharmfullymisused Weliveinasocietyinwhichthemedicalandsocialuseofsubstances(drugs)ispervasive:anaspirintoquietaheadache,somewinetobesociable,coffeetogetgoinginthemorning,acigaretteforthenerves.Whendothesesociallyacceptableandapparentlyconstructiveusesofasubstance emisuses?Firstofall,mostsubstancestakeninexcesswillproducenegativeeffectssuchaspoisoningorintenseperceptualdistortions.Repeateduseofasubstancecanalsoleadtophysicaladdictionorsubstancedependence.Dependenceismarkedfirstbyanincreasedtolerance,withmoreandmoreofthesubstancerequiredtoproducethedesiredeffect,andthenbytheappearanceofunpleasantwithdrawalsymptomswhenthesubstanceisdiscontinued.Drugs(substances)thataffectthecentralnervoussystemandalterperception,mood,andbehaviorareknownaspsychoactivesubstances.Psychoactivesubstancesarecommonlygroupedaccordingtowhethertheyarestimulants,depressants,orhallucinogens.Stimulantsinitiallyspeeduporactivatethecentralnervoussystem,whereasdepressantsslowitdown.Hallucinogenshavetheirprimaryeffectonperception,distortingandalteringitinavarietyofwaysincludingproducinghallucinations.Thesearethesubstancesoftencalledpsychedelic(fromtheGreekwordmeaning“mind-manifestation”)becausetheyseemedtoradicallyalterone’sstateofconsciousness.“Substanceabuse”(Line5,Paragraph1)ispreferableto“drugabuse”in ［A］substancescanalterourbodilyormentalfunctioningifillegally［B］“drugabuse”isonlyrelatedtoalimitednumberof［C］alcoholandtobaccoareasfatalasand［D］manysubstancesotherthanorecanalsobeTheword“pervasive”(Line1,Paragraph2)might ［A］ ［B］［C］ ［D］Physicaldependenceoncertainsubstancesresults ［A］uncontrolledconsumptionofthemoverlongperiodsof［B］exclusiveuseofthemforsocial［C］tativeapplicationofthemtothetreatmentof［D］carelessemploymentofthemforunpleasantFromthelastparagraphwecaninfer ［A］stimulantsfunctionpositivelyonthe［B］hallucinogensareinthemselvesharmfulto［C］depressantsaretheworsttypeofpsychoactive［D］thethreetypesofpsychoactivesubstanceswerecommonlyusedinPassageNocompanylikestobetolditiscontributingtothemoraldeclineofanation.“Isthiswhatyouintendedtoplishwithyourcareers?”SenatorRobertDoleaskedTimeWarnerexecutiveslastweek.“Youhavesoldsouls,butmustyoucorruptournationandthreatenourchildrenaswell?”AtTimeWarner,however,questionsaresimplythelatestmanifestationofthesoul-searchingthathasinvolvedthecompanyeversincethecompanywasbornin1990.It’saself-examinationthathas,atvarioustimes,involvedissuesofresponsibility,creativefreedomandthecorporatebottomline.AtthecoreofthisdebateischairmanGeraldLevin,56,whotookoverforthelateSteveRossin1992.Onthefinancialfront,Levinisunderpressuretoraisethestockpriceandreducethecompany’smountainousdebt,whichwillincreaseto$17.3billionaftertwonewcabledealsclose.Hehaspromisedtoselloffsomeofthepropertyandrestructurethecompany,butinvestorsarewaitingimpatiently.Theflapoverrapisnotmakinglifeanyeasierforhim.Levinhasconsistentlydefendedthecompany’srapmusiconthegroundsofexpression.In1992,whenTimeWarnerwasunderfireforreleasingIce-T’sviolentrapsongCopKiller,Levindescribedrapasalawfulexpressionofstreetculture,whichdeservesanoutlet.“Thetestofanydemocraticsociety,”hewroteinaWallStreetJournalcolumn,“liesnotinhowwellitcancontrolexpressionbutinwhetheritgivesfreedomofthoughtandexpressionthewidestpossiblelatitude,howeverdisputableorirritatingtheresultsmaysometimesbe.Wewon’tretreatinthefaceofanythreats.”Levinwouldnotcommentonthedebatelastweek,butthereweresignsthatthechairmanwasbackingoffhishard-linestand,atleasttosomeextent.Duringthediscussionofrocksingingversesatlastmonth’sstockholders’meeting,Levinassertedthat“musicisnotthecauseofsociety’sills”andevencitedhisson,ateacherintheBronx,NewYork,whousesraptocommunicatewithstudents.Buthetalkedaswellaboutthe“balancedstruggle”betweencreativefreedomandsocialresponsibility,andheannouncedthatthecompanywouldlaunchadrivetodevelopstandardsfordistributionandlabelingofpotentiallyobjectionablemusic.The15-memberTimeWarnerboardisgenerallysupportiveofLevinandhiscorporatestrategy.Butinsiderssayseveralofthemhaveshowntheirconcernsinthismatter.“Someofushaveknownformany,manyyearsthatthefreedomsundertheFirstAmendmentarenottotallyunlimited,”saysLuce.“Ithinkitisperhapsthecasethatsomepeopleassociatedwiththecompanyhaveonlyrecentlycometorealizethis.”SenatorRobertDolecriticizedTimeWarner ［A］itsraisingofthecorporatestock［B］itsself-examinationof［C］itsneglectofsocial［D］itsemphasisoncreativeAccordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingis［A］LuceisaspokesmanofTime［B］GeraldLevinisliableto［C］TimeWarnerisunitedasoneinthefaceofthe［D］SteveRossisnolongerInfaceoftherecentattacksonthecompany,the ［A］stucktoastrongstandtodefendfreedomof［B］softenedhistoneandadoptedsomenew［C］changedhisattitudeandyieldedto［D］receivedmoresupportfromthe15-memberThebesttitleforthispassagemight ［A］ACompanyunder ［B］ADebateonMoral［C］ALawfulOutletofStreet ［D］AFormofCreativePassageMuchofthelanguageusedtodescribemonetarypolicy,suchas“steeringtheeconomytoasoftlanding”or“atouchonthebrakes”,makesitsoundlikeaprecisescience.Nothingcouldbefurtherfromthetruth.Thelinkbetweeninterestratesandinflationisuncertain.Andtherearelong,variablelagsbeforepolicychangeshaveanyeffectontheeconomy.Hencetheogythatlikenstheconductofmonetarypolicytodrivingacarwithablackenedwindscreen,acrackedrear-viewmirrorandafaultysteeringwheel.Givenallthesedisadvantages,centralbankersseemtohavehadmuchtoboastaboutoflate.Averageinthebigsevenindustrialeconomiesfelltoamere2.3%lastyear,closetoitslowestlevelin30years,beforerisingslightlyto2.5%thisJuly.Thisisalongwaybelowthedouble-digitrateswhichmanycountriesexperiencedinthe1970sandearly1980s.Itisalsolessthanmostforecastershadpredicted.Inlate1994thepanelofeconomistswhichTheEconomistpollseachmonthsaidthatAmerica’sinflationratewouldaverage3.5%in1995.Infact,itfellto2.6%inAugust,andisexpectedtoaverageonlyabout3%fortheyearasawhole.InBritainandJapaninflationisrunninghalfapercentagepointbelowtheratepredictedattheendoflastyear.Thisisnoflashinthepan;overthepastcoupleofyears,inflationhasbeenconsistentlylowerthanexpectedinBritainandAmerica.EconomistshavebeenparticularlysurprisedbyfavourableinflationfiguresinBritainandtheUnitedStates,sinceconventionalmeasuressuggestthatbotheconomies,andespeciallyAmerica’s,havelittleproductiveslack.America’scapacityutilisation,forexample,hithistoricallyhighlevelsearlierthisyear,anditsjoblessrate(5.6%inAugust)hasfallenbelowmostestimatesofthenaturalrateofunemployment—theratebelowwhichinflationhastakenoffinthepast.Whyhasinflationprovedsomild?Themostthrillingexplanationis,unfortunay,alittledefective.Someeconomistsarguethatpowerfulstructuralchangesintheworldhaveup-endedtheoldeconomicmodelsthatwerebaseduponthehistoricallinkbetweengrowthandinflation.Fromthepassagewelearn ［A］thereisadefiniterelationshipbetweeninflationandinterest［B］economywillalwaysfollowcertain［C］theeconomicsituationisbetterthan［D］economistshadforeseenthepresenteconomicAccordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingis［A］Makingmonetarypoliciesiscomparabletodrivinga［B］Anextremelylowjoblessratewillleadto［C］Ahighunemploymentratewillresultfrom［D］InterestrateshaveanimmediateeffectontheThesentence“Thisisnoflashinthepan”(Line5,Paragraph3)means ［A］thelowinflationratewilllastforsome［B］theinflationratewillsoon［C］theinflationwilldisappear［D］thereisnoinflationatThepassageshowsthattheauthoristhepresent ［A］critical ［B］puzzled［C］disappointed ［D］amazedPartⅢEnglish-ChineseReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationmustbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.(15points)Doanimalshaverights?Thisishowthequestionisusuallyput.Itsoundslikeauseful,ground-clearingwaytostart.31）Actually,itisn’t,becauseitassumesthatthereisanagreedaccountofhumanrights,whichissomethingtheworlddoesnothave.Ononeviewofrights,tobesure,itnecessarilyfollowsthatanimalshavenone.32）Somephilosophersarguethatrightsexistonlywithinasocialcontract,aspartofanexchangeofdutiesandentitlements.Thereforeanimalscannothaverights.Theideaofpunishingatigerthatkillssomebodyisabsurd,forexactlythesamereason,soistheideathattigershaverights.However,thisisonlyoneaccount,andbynomeansanuncontestedone.Itdeniesrightsnotonlytoanimalsbutalsotosomepeople—forinstance,toinfants,thementallyincapableandfuturegenerations.Inaddition,itisunclearwhatforceacontractcanhaveforpeoplewhoneverconsentedtoit:howdoyoureplytosomebodywhosays“Idon’tlikethiscontract”?Thepointisthis:withoutagreementontherightsofpeople,arguingabouttherightsofanimalsisfruitless.33）Itleadsthediscussiontoextremesattheoutset:itinvitesyoutothinkthatanimalsshouldbetreatedeitherwiththeconsiderationhumansextendtootherhumans,orwithnoconsiderationatall.Thisisafalsechoice.Bettertostartwithanother,morefundamental,question:isthewaywetreatanimalsamoralissueatall?Manydenyit.34）Arguingfromtheviewthathumansaredifferentfromanimalsineveryrelevantrespect,extremistsofthiskindthinkthatanimalslieoutsidetheareaofmoralchoice.Anyregardforthesufferingofanimalsisseenasamistake—asentimentaldisplacementoffeelingthatshouldproperlybedirectedtootherThisview,whichholdsthattorturingamonkeyismorallyequivalenttochopwood,mayseembravely“logical”.Infactitissimplyshallow:theconfusedcentreisrighttorejectit.Themostelementaryformofmoralreasoning—theethicalequivalentoflearningtocrawl—istoweighother’sinterestsagainstone’sown.Thisinturnrequiressympathyandimagination:withoutwhichthereisnocapacityformoralthought.Toseeananimalinpainisenough,formost,toengagesympathy.35）Whenthathappens,itisnotamistake:itismankind’sinstinctformoralreasoninginaction,aninstinctthatshouldbeencouragedratherthanlaughedat.SectionⅣWriting(1536.Studythefollowingsetofpicturescarefullyandwriteanessayinnolessthan120YouressaymustbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEETYouressayshouldcoveralltheinformationprovidedandmeettherequirementsInterpretthefollowingPredictthetendencyoftobaccoconsumptionandgiveyour1997PartⅠCloze1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 9. 10.PartⅡReadingPartPassage11. 12. 14.Passage Passage Passage Passage PartⅢEnglish-Chinese事实并非如此，因为这种问法是以人们对人的权利有一种共识为基础的，而这种共识并不存在有些哲学家论证说，权利只存在于社会契约中，是责任与权益交换的个样这类人持看法，认为人与动物在各相关方面都不相同，对待动物无须考虑道德问题SectionⅣWriting(15见分试题精PartⅠCloze一 文章总体分本文介绍 临时劳动大军日益庞大这一现象及其影响。文章一、二段介绍 临时就业机构和二、试题具+文章首句：拥有56万雇员的劳务公司（anpoernc）是全球最大的临时就业机构。紧接着，第到：56人早晨上班的情形一定是非常浩大的。所填入的词要能反映这一点，而且还必须与nooehere相搭配。swarm可与noeopesarmednohecnea进地A进入办公地点不可能是“大步跨入”；separate可以和into搭配，但into后不能接地点，而且只能是separate；slip用，表示“溜进”，如：Heslippedintotheclassroomfromthebackdoor.（他从后门溜进教室。［精解 本题考核的知识点是：逻辑关系tosurvive，而人力资源公司却在蓬勃发展。显然，空格处应填入表对比关系的逻辑词。四个选项中A、B、Das除了表示原因之外，还可以表两个动作同时发生，意为“随着，当…的时候”之意，表轻微的对比，所以只能选C。，知识点补充：as，for，since和because都可以表原因：as所表示的理由最弱，这种理由只是附带的说明，如：Asyouaretired,youhadbetterrest.（既然你累了,最好休息一下。句子的重点在主句。for加原因状语从句时，一般放在句尾，仅对主句补充说明或进一步解释，表判断的原因。如：Hefeltnofear,forhewasverybrave.（他很,毫不畏惧。since表示一种既成事实，引导的从句常放在句首，一般译作“既然”，如：Sinceyou’renotinterested,Iwon’t lyouabout.既然你不感不告诉你了because表示的原因语气最强，常用于回答以why引导的疑问句。如：IdoitbecauseIlikeit.（我做这件事是因为我，［精解 本题考核的知识点是：介词用法辨析本句提到，通用汽车公司和M等工业巨头为了生存而采取了减员的方式，显然，空格处需要一个表、有by表示方式、。by+ng结构表示通过某种行为（。havesurvivedfromearliertimes.（有许多古怪的习俗自远古时代保存下来了。［精解］本题考核的知识点是：逻辑关系theS分句的含义分别是：的经济继续复苏；的者和临时工正在不断增加。根据逻辑，经济的恢复本来应该使人获得长期的就业机会，因此两个分句之间存在着语意上的转折关系，由于空格在句首，因此需要填入一个表让步关系的逻辑词。选项中只有eenhouh可以表让步，表示“虽然的经济还在。例句补充：NowthatIamwellagain,Icangoonwithmywork.（我既然已经恢复了健康，那就可以继续工作了）Ifonlyshehadknownwheretofindyou.（要是她知道在哪儿能找到您就好了）Providedthatcircumstancespermit，Iwillgothere.（假如情况允许的话，我就去。+干一天算一天（seekingaday’sworkforaday’spay）durable与文（不能找那个人，他有其他工作workforce搭配，但由于所填入的选项被加注了不能用做定语修饰人，因此，符合题意的只有disposable。用它来形容劳动力大军，暗示他们是廉价劳动力，［精解］本题考核的知识点是：名词词义辨析有56，正日益成为者和临时工的国家，由此可以推测出，这种“”的劳动力已成为最重要的潮流或趋势。先排除ppoah和ow，ppoah根本不能用来描述劳动力；owoendoearersareongnohebgc（，但它用在文中不合句意；ahon（一时或某一团体中流行的）erdessheaestahon.（晚礼服是式样，显然文中的临时劳动大军不应该是经济的式样或时尚；只有trend可以指正在发生或盛行的一种现象，如：Thetrendofpricesisstilldownwards.（物价仍有下降趋势因此，它是正确答+中t要求“”劳动力的出现，对于公司来说，可以不用承担劳动（epoentues、医疗费用（heahcareos）和pnsonpn（undaenay）（instantly、逆转（reversely）或足够地（sufficiently）发生变化。fundamentally正好呼应了themostimportant，表示这种“”的劳动大军从根本上改变了人们与工作之间的关系。［精解］本题考核的知识点是：连词定式oeainobayopeive与动名词odngmaetcces。由于but和ndheeas不符合条件。while意为“在…的同时”，它既连接句子也可以连接现在分词，从语法和含义上都符合文章需要。整句话的含义是：这种现象既使公司在全球范围内保持竞争性，又可以避免市场的周期性和逐渐加重的负担heheetaouh,heanedheobelpzeofeatu（还是个年轻人的时候，他就获得了文学奖［精解 本题考核的知识点是：句内语义于这里是语态，考生需要判断“就业”对“负担”作了什么动作。显然，我们不能说压力“受到就业的限制（restrict或confined)或说明”。从词义上来看，只有“被就业强加（给公司）的压力”符合句+诚雇员的10感。因此考生需判断作为一名忠实的或长期的雇员，除了得到安全保障、福利待遇外，他还可以senseofimportance是固定搭配。类似的用法还有：senseofduty（责任感，senseofhumor（幽默感senseofinferiority（自卑感，senseofjustice（正义感，senseofsafety（安全感三、全文翻有56办公室和工厂中，为获得一天的收入来寻找一份工作，干一天算一天。当通用汽车公司和M虽然的经济还在继续复苏，却日益成为一个者和临时工的国家。这种“即用即抛型”劳动力已成为企业用人最为重要的趋势。它也正在从根本上改变人们和他们所从事的工作之间的关系。这一现象给公司提供了式，使得它们能够在全球范围内具有竞争性，同时又可以避免市场的周期性和由就业、医疗保险和退休金方案所带来的逐渐加重的负担。对工人来说，这意味着作为一名忠实雇PartⅡReadingComprehensionPassage1一、文章结于过为证。述力：：给行二、试题具Fromthesecondparagraphwelearn 11.从第二段我们可以知 ［A］theobjectiontoeuthanasiaisslowtocomeinothercountries［B］physiciansandcitizenssharethesameviewon［C］changingtechnologyischieflyresponsibleforthehastypassageofthelaw［D］ittakestimetorealizethesignificanceofthelaw’spassage

［精解 本题考核的知识点是：段落主旨题第二段第一句是句，“要充分理解（sinkin）这一法案的深刻意义（fullimport）可能需要一while”对应“ittakestime”。（donos）比喻，说明各国将很快相继通过类似对A医和人意见出现，B相句口长技Chey。技巧：干扰项主要是以偏概全（本题C选项）或和原文信息相反（本题A、B选项。考生注意正确选项Whentheauthorsaysthatobserversarewaitingforthedominoestostartfalling,hemeans ［A］ observersaretakingawait-and-seeattitudetowardsthefutureofeuthanasia［B］similarbillsarelikelytobepassedintheUS,Canadaandothercountries［C］observersarewaitingtoseetheresultofthegameofdominoes［D］theeffect-takingprocessofthepassedbillmayfinallycometoastop

［A］观察者对的未来持观望态［B］、和其他国家也可能［C］［D］［精解］本题考核的知识点是：句意解此题关键是将多米诺理论与文章其他内容联系起来。多米诺骨牌是一种西洋骨牌游戏，游戏中将许多长方形的骨牌竖立排列成行，碰到第一张时，其余骨牌依次纷纷。用于比喻时，指一系列的连锁反应，即牵一发而动全身。联系上下文。第二段最后两句提到，其他州也将考虑制定类似的法律来处理安乐死问题。在和，权利运动正在积蓄力量。由此推知，题干中这句话暗含的意思是澳大利亚做起。B。WhenLloydNicksondieshe 13.当利奥德·尼克森死的时候， ［A］facehisdeathwithcalmcharacteristic［A］的冷静心态面［B］experiencethesufferingofalung［B］经历肺癌的痛［C］haveanintensefearofterrible ［D］undergoacoolingoffperiodofseven ［精解］本题考核的知识点是：推理词odckon可他。要的此A。BC选项和文意正相反。D选项的干扰在于原文中也出现过“coolingoff”，原文指的是人作出决定之前的行为，意思是“冷静地思考7天”，但是本题题干指的是人的时候，因此cooloff的意思变为“被冷却7天”。Theauthor’sattitudetowardseuthanasiaseemstobethatof

作者对待的态度 ［A］ ［A］［B］ ［B］［C］ ［C］［D］ ［D］［精解 本题考核的知识点是：作者态度题在体文章（如本文）往相关观述度后的话结束对的讨论，其中aweanshecanetonhvnghouthehaunngearofhsueng处明显表明尼克森是支持的。此外，文中其他地方也流露出作者对法案的褒扬态度，如第二段的uthedesuneyounback和第三段的nderhenewohernroyptndouen为轻，C。能。三、文章长难句分析与佳长难句分①Aftersixmonthsofarguingandfinal16hoursofhotparliamentarydebates,Australia’sNorthernTerritorybecamethefirstlegalauthorityintheworldtoallowdoctorstotakethelivesofincurablyillpatientswhowishtoAustralia’sNorthernTerritorybecamethefirstlegalauthorityafter引导的时间状语从句，主句中包含短语allowsb.todosth.who引导的定语从句修饰patients。②AlmostimmediaywordflashedontheInternetandwaspickedup,halfaworldaway,byJohnHofsess,executivedirectoroftheRighttoDieSocietyofCanada.该句的主干是...wordflashedon...andwaspickedup...by...，其中，第二个谓语是语态，在谓语和施动者之间放入插入成分halfaworldaway做状语。③InAustralia—whereanagingpopulation,life-extendingtechnologyandchangingcommunityattitudeshaveallplayedtheirpart—otherstatesaregoingtoconsidermakingasimilarlawtodealwitheuthanasia.④ForLloydNickson,a54-year-oldDarwinresidentsufferingfromlungcancer,theNTRightsofTerminallyIlllawmeanshecangetonwithlivingwithoutthehauntingfearofhissuffering:aterrifyingdeathfromhisbreathingcondition.句子主干是FortheNTRightsofTerminallyIlllawmeans...for引导的名词短语做状语，该从句的主干是hecangetonwithlivingwithout...，其中冒号后的aterrifyingdeathfromhisbreathingcondition是对suffering的解释说明。佳句赏①Thefullimportmaytakeawhiletosink此句短小、精练，清楚生动地概括出当时stillhasn’tsunkin.老师给我解释了两遍，我恐怕仍然不明白。②Butthetideisunlikelytoturn句子虽短，却很有力度，准确表达出作者的观点和态度③IntheUSandCanada,wheretheright-to-diemovementisgatheringstrength,observersarewaitingforthedominoestostartfalling.gatheringstrengthwaitingforthedominoestostartfalling都很形象生动，尤其是后者准确地描四、词汇与超纲词incurablyadv.）不可治愈地；in-（前缀）innumerable无数的，数不清的；invalid无效的，作废的；insabe不稳定的inact完整缺的，触动的，未受损伤的executive（a.）执行的，实施的；（n.）physician（n.）内科医implication（n.）暗示，含义；牵连；涉及；密切关haste（n./v.）匆忙，急速，草率 ～匆忙的，草率putanendto...diagnose（v.）诊haunt（v.）常去；使苦恼，困扰；布满；～ing（a.）萦绕于心的，使五、全文翻3：45进行了最终表决。经过6个月的争论和最后16个小时的国会激烈辩论，澳大利亚北部地案以令人折服1510票通过。几乎同时，该消息就出现在互联网上，被身处地球另一端的(期生还是普通市民都力图从道义和实际意义两方面来考虑这一问题。一些人如释重负，而另一些人，包括、生命权利组织以及澳大利亚医学会在内都对这一决议及其仓促的通过进行了猛烈的。但这一潮流法(佳句②)他国家也理题（在和，察始。佳③)根据澳北州所通过的这项新法案，成年可以要求—可能是通过注射致死药剂或服用致死药片—来结束痛苦。不过，此前必须由两名医生诊断其确实已无愈。在经过7天的冷静思考期后，48年54癌患者利奥德·尼克森来说，这个法律意味着他可以平静地生活下去而无须整天惧怕即将来临的苦难：因呼（长难句④但我在医院看到过在缺氧时，用手抓他们的面罩时的情景，”他说Passage一 文章结构总体分这是一篇介绍并分析人友善好客这一文化现象的文章。本文从结构上讲，一个比较明显的特点是比较论证手法，第二段和第三段从历史角度探讨人友好的成因，而第四段对现在人的友好进行描是不（找要意et是。、的。为的。个。二、试题具Intheeyesofvisitorsfromtheoutside

在外来的参观者的眼里 ［A］rudetaxidriversarerarelyseeninthe ［A］粗鲁的出租车在很罕［B］small-mindedofficialsdeserveaserious［C］Canadiansarenotsofriendlyastheir

［B］心胸狭窄的应该被认真评［C］人不如邻国人民友［D］mostAmericansarereadytoofferhelp［D］大多数［精解］本题考核的知识点是：具体确回数D事实不符。A选项与第三句中“粗鲁的出租车在也不少见（hardlyunkown”事实不符。最后一句中Yet使文锋一转，表明作者认为尽管也有一些不尽如人意的现象，但是人的现象仍然值得探讨（deservescomment，B选项将句中it理解为“心胸狭窄的”，而且和题干联系在一起后成了参观者的看法，技巧：首段首句常开门见山中心或将要讨论的问题，因此成为常考点Itcou