基于vc++mfc的科学计算器程序实验报告

..实验报告课程名称：windows软件开发实习实验项目：科学计算器XX工业大学实验报告〔适用计算机程序设计类专业__软件1006__101201622__张鑫可实验名称：1.实验目的：本程序设计实践是采用C++语言,在VC平台下设计。本课程设计为学生提供了一个既动手又动脑,独立实践的机会,将课本上的理论知识和实际有机的结合起来,锻炼学生的分析解决实际问题的能力。提高学生适应实际,实践编程的能力。程序设计实践主要是培养学生利用系统综合C++语言进行程序设计的能力。1.进一步巩固和复习C++程序设计的基础知识。2.培养学生结构化程序、模块化程序设计的方法和能力。3.了解软件的编制过程及各环节的具体内容。4.提高学生程序调试技巧、软件设计能力和代码规范化等素质。5.提高学生分析问题、解决问题以及实际运用能力。实验内容：设计一个简单的计算器。要求能实现整数、小数算数运算。程序带清零按钮。3.实验方案〔程序设计说明见附件4.实验步骤或程序〔经调试后正确的源程序〔填写主要步骤与程序代码等。见附件A5．出现的问题及解决方法附件AXX工业大学实验报告〔适用计算机程序设计类专业__软件1006__101201622__张鑫可实验步骤或程序：一、关于VisualC++：VisualC++6.0由Microsoft开发,它不仅是一个C++编译器,而且是一个基于Windows操作系统的可视化集成开发环境〔integrateddevelopmentenvironment,IDE。VisualC++6.0由许多组件组成,包括编辑器、调试器以及程序向导AppWizard、类向导ClassWizard等开发工具。这些组件通过过一个名为DeveloperStudio的组件集成为和谐的开发环境。Microsoft的主力软件产品。VisualC++是一个功能强大的可视化软件开发工具。自1993年Microsoft公司推出VisualC++1.0后,随着其新版本的不断问世,VisualC++已成为专业程序员进行软件开发的首选工具。虽然微软公司推出了VisualC++.NET<VisualC++7.0>,但它的应用的很大的局限性,只适用于Windows2000,WindowsXP和WindowsNT4.0。所以实际中,更多的是以VisualC++6.0为6平台。VisualC++6.0以拥有"语法高亮",自动编译功能以及高级除错功能而著称。比如,它允许用户进行远程调试,单步执行等。还有允许用户在调试期间重新编译被修改的代码,而不必重新启动正在调试的程序。其编译及创建预编译头文件<stdafx.h>、最小重建功能及累加连结<link>著称。这些特征明显缩短程序编辑、编译及连结的时间花费,在大型软件计划上尤其显著。二、设计要点1、基本要求：设计的系统界面要美观大方,操作合理,有必要的提示。2、创新要求：在基本要求达到后,进行创新设计。3、对系统进行功能模块分析、控制流程分析正确。4、系统设计要实用,编程简练,可用,功能全面,并有一定的容错能力。5、说明书、流程图要清楚6、要求程序设计合理,用户界面良好,如采用菜单工作方式。三、实验步骤：1、首先利用MFCAppWinzard生成计算器应用程序框架具体步骤如下：执行VC程序,选择File|New命令,弹出New对话框.单击Projects标签,转到Projects选项卡,选择MFCAppWizard<exe>选项,然后在Projectname文本框中输入cyyJSQ。Lacation文本框是指项目的本地路径。界面设计在界面中添加按钮,编辑框等相应控件,并合理摆放,使用户能更加方便的使用。具体设计如下图所示：绑定控件通过如下方式绑定控件。具体绑定如下表所示：按钮控件资源清单按钮名称按钮ID用途0IDC_ZERO按键01IDC_1按键12IDC_2按键23IDC_3按键34IDC_4按键45IDC_5按键56IDC_6按键67IDC_7按键78IDC_8按键89IDC_9按键9.IDC_DOT小数点=IDC_Equal等于+IDC_ADD加号-IDC_SUB减号*IDC_MUL乘号/IDC_DIV除号CEIDC_CE清屏SqrtIDC_Sqrt开方1/xIDC_Daoshu倒数-/+IDC_ZHengfu正负MCIDC_Mc清除内存记录数据MRIDC_Mr内存中保存的数据MSIDC_Ms数据存入存储器中,将原有的数据冲走M+IDC_Madd当前记录数据与内存数据相加%IDC_Per百分号CIDC_C清零〔清除全部CEIDC_CE清除上一步数据BackspaceIDC_Backspace从后向前删除逐步实现代码①按钮1-9的实现文本编辑框的类型为string型,所以若按下数字1按钮时只需在数组尾部添加"1"即可其他代码如此类推,具体代码如下：voidCMyDlg::OnButton0<>{ //数字0 this->check<>; CStringtmp=num_buffer; //当为小数点后或其前面有不为零的数时允许输入零 if<tmp.ReverseFind<'.'>!=-1||tmp.FindOneOf<"123456789">!=-1> { num_buffer+="0"; } else { num_buffer="0"; } GetDlgItem<IDC_EDIT_SHOW>->SetWindowText<num_buffer>; }voidCMyDlg::OnButton1<>{ //数字1 this->check<>; num_buffer+="1"; GetDlgItem<IDC_EDIT_SHOW>->SetWindowText<num_buffer>;}voidCMyDlg::OnButton2<>{ //数字2 this->check<>; num_buffer+="2"; GetDlgItem<IDC_EDIT_SHOW>->SetWindowText<num_buffer>;}voidCMyDlg::OnButton3<>{ //数字3 this->check<>; num_buffer+="3"; GetDlgItem<IDC_EDIT_SHOW>->SetWindowText<num_buffer>; }voidCMyDlg::OnButton4<>{ //数字4 this->check<>; num_buffer+="4"; GetDlgItem<IDC_EDIT_SHOW>->SetWindowText<num_buffer>; }voidCMyDlg::OnButton5<>{ //数字5 this->check<>; num_buffer+="5"; GetDlgItem<IDC_EDIT_SHOW>->SetWindowText<num_buffer>; }voidCMyDlg::OnButton6<>{ //数字6 this->check<>; num_buffer+="6"; GetDlgItem<IDC_EDIT_SHOW>->SetWindowText<num_buffer>; }voidCMyDlg::OnButton7<>{ //数字7 this->check<>; num_buffer+="7"; GetDlgItem<IDC_EDIT_SHOW>->SetWindowText<num_buffer>; }voidCMyDlg::OnButton8<>{ //数字8 this->check<>; num_buffer+="8"; GetDlgItem<IDC_EDIT_SHOW>->SetWindowText<num_buffer>; }voidCMyDlg::OnButton9<>{ //数字9 this->check<>; num_buffer+="9"; GetDlgItem<IDC_EDIT_SHOW>->SetWindowText<num_buffer>; }voidCMyDlg::OnButtonDot<>{ //小数点 if<num_buffer.IsEmpty<>> { num_buffer="0."; } elseif<num_buffer.ReverseFind<'.'>==-1> { num_buffer+="."; } GetDlgItem<IDC_EDIT_SHOW>->SetWindowText<num_buffer>; }//求相反数voidCMyDlg::OnButtonNI<>{ //正负处理 m_num=-atof<num_buffer>; //转化为字符串 num_buffer.Format<_T<"%lf">,m_num>; GetDlgItem<IDC_EDIT_SHOW>->SetWindowText<num_buffer>;}运行结果如下：②加减乘除代码的实现：通过控件的绑定以及传值函数,以指针调用的方式进行赋值,并将结果保存在num_buffer中,与下一次输入的num2进行新的一元运算并给result赋值,通过Updatedata〔函数反应到文本编辑框中,具体代码如下：//加voidCMyDlg::OnButtonAdd<>{ this->num1=atof<num_buffer>; this->num_buffer.Empty<>; this->operation_type=ADD;}//减voidCMyDlg::OnButtonSub<>{ this->num1=atof<num_buffer>; this->num_buffer.Empty<>; this->operation_type=SUB;}//乘voidCMyDlg::OnButtonMul<>{ this->num1=atof<num_buffer>; this->num_buffer.Empty<>; this->operation_type=MUL;}//除voidCMyDlg::OnButtonDiv<>{ this->num1=atof<num_buffer>; this->num_buffer.Empty<>; this->operation_type=DIV;}voidCMyDlg::OnButtonRes<>{ constdoubleEPSINON=0.00001; boolerror=false;this->num2=atof<num_buffer>; this->num_buffer.Empty<>;switch<this->operation_type> { caseADD: this->m_num=num1+num2; break; caseSUB: this->m_num=num1-num2; break; caseMUL: this->m_num=num1*num2; break; caseDIV: if<<num2>-EPSINON>&&<num2<=EPSINON>>{ num_buffer="除数不能为零"; error=true;} else{ this->m_num=num1/num2; }break; default:this->m_num=this->num2; break;}结果如下图所示③科学性运算按钮的处理：只需根据数值分析等为按钮进行算法的合理设计,正确赋值即可,具体代码如下：//自然底数evoidCScience::OnButtonEConst<>{ this->check<>; num_buffer.Format<_T<"%lf">,M_E>; fresh<>;}//圆周率∏voidCScience::OnButtonPai<>{ this->check<>; num_buffer.Format<_T<"%lf">,M_PI>; fresh<>;}voidCScience::OnButtonNi<>{ //正负处理 m_result=-atof<num_buffer>; //转化为字符串 num_buffer.Format<_T<"%lf">,m_result>; fresh<>;}voidCScience::OnButtonMutInv<>{ this->unary_operation=true; constdoubleEPSINON=0.00001; this->m_result=atof<num_buffer>; if<<this->m_result>=-EPSINON>&&<this->m_result<=EPSINON>> { GetDlgItem<IDC_EDIT_SHOW>->SetWindowText<"0的倒数没有定义\n">; } else { this->m_result=1.0/m_result; num_buffer.Format<_T<"%lf">,m_result>; fresh<>; this->unary_operation=false; }}voidCScience::OnButtonPercent<>{ this->unary_operation=true; CStringtmp=num_buffer; this->m_result=atof<num_buffer>; tmp.Format<_T<"%lf">,this->m_result*100>; tmp+="%"; fresh<tmp>; this->unary_operation=false;}voidCScience::OnButtonSqr<>{ this->unary_operation=true; this->m_result=atof<num_buffer>; this->m_result=sqrt<m_result>; num_buffer.Format<_T<"%lf">,this->m_result>; fresh<>; this->unary_operation=false;}voidCScience::OnButtonSin<>{ CStringtmp; this->unary_operation=true; this->m_result=atof<num_buffer>; num_buffer.Format<_T<"%lf">,this->m_result>; tmp="Sin<"+num_buffer+">="; this->m_result=sin<m_result>; num_buffer.Format<_T<"%lf">,this->m_result>; tmp+=num_buffer; fresh<tmp>; this->unary_operation=false;}voidCScience::OnButtonCos<>{ CStringtmp; this->unary_operation=true; this->m_result=atof<num_buffer>; num_buffer.Format<_T<"%lf">,this->m_result>; tmp="Cos<"+num_buffer+">="; this->m_result=cos<m_result>; num_buffer.Format<_T<"%lf">,this->m_result>; tmp+=num_buffer; fresh<tmp>; this->unary_operation=false;}voidCScience::OnButtonTan<>{ CStringtmp; constdoubleEPSINON=0.00001; this->unary_operation=true; this->m_result=atof<num_buffer>; num_buffer.Format<_T<"%lf">,this->m_result>; tmp="tan<"+num_buffer+">="; if<<cos<m_result>>=-EPSINON>&&<cos<m_result><=EPSINON>> { error<>; } else { this->m_result=tan<m_result>; num_buffer.Format<_T<"%lf">,this->m_result>; tmp+=num_buffer; fresh<tmp>; this->unary_operation=false; }}voidCScience::OnButtonCot<>{ CStringtmp; constdoubleEPSINON=0.00001; this->unary_operation=true; this->m_result=atof<num_buffer>; num_buffer.Format<_T<"%lf">,this->m_result>; tmp="cot<"+num_buffer+">="; if<<sin<m_result>>=-EPSINON>&&<sin<m_result><=EPSINON>> { error<>; } else { this->m_result=cos<m_result>/sin<m_result>; num_buffer.Format<_T<"%lf">,this->m_result>; tmp+=num_buffer; fresh<tmp>; this->unary_operation=false; }}voidCScience::OnButtonLn<>{ CStringtmp; constdoubleEPSINON=0.00001; this->unary_operation=true; this->m_result=atof<num_buffer>; num_buffer.Format<_T<"%lf">,this->m_result>; tmp="ln<"+num_buffer+">="; if<m_result<=EPSINON> { error<"参数必须大于0">; } else { this->m_result=log<m_result>; num_buffer.Format<_T<"%lf">,this->m_result>; tmp+=num_buffer; fresh<tmp>; this->unary_operation=false; }}运行结果如下：④进制间的转换：按钮A-F的实现与,进制运算时,按钮条件的设置。在进行16进制运算时,需定义A-F按键,而在10进制时,A-F按键设置为不可使用,以及8进制时8、9按钮禁止使用。具体代码如下：voidCScience::OnButtonA<>{ //数字A<10> this->check<>; num_buffer+="A"; fresh<>; }voidCScience::OnButtonB<>{ //数字B<11> this->check<>; num_buffer+="B"; fresh<>; }voidCScience::OnButtonC<>{ //数字C<11> this->check<>;num_buffer+="C"; fresh<>; }voidCScience::OnButtonD<>{ //数字D<12> this->check<>; num_buffer+="D"; fresh<>; }voidCScience::OnButtonE<>{ //数字F<12> this->check<>; num_buffer+="F"; fresh<>; }voidCScience::OnButtonF<>{//数字E<12> this->check<>; num_buffer+="E"; fresh<>; }2、进制间的转换运算将result转换成强制转换成int型,通过itoa<intvalue,char*string,intradix>;函数将result转换成所需的radix进制,类型为字符型并保存在string[]里这里,在进行进制转换前,需预先判断是否在之前有过进制转换,即需将result结果转回10进制表示,再进行其他进制的转换。具体代码如下：voidCScience::enableNumBut<>{ //十进制处理 if<this->radix==DEC> { enableDecBut<TRUE>; //确定打开数字键0-9 for<inti=0;i<8;i++> GetDlgItem<IDC_BUTTON2+i>->EnableWindow<TRUE>; //确定关闭数学键A-F for<i=0;i<5;i++> { GetDlgItem<IDC_BUTTON_B+i>->EnableWindow<FALSE>; } GetDlgItem<IDC_BUTTON_D>->EnableWindow<FALSE>; } //非十进制处理 else { //禁用十进制操作 enableDecBut<false>; /*十六进制处理*/ if<this->radix==HEX> { //确定打开数字键0-F for<inti=0;i<8;i++> GetDlgItem<IDC_BUTTON2+i>->EnableWindow<TRUE>; for<i=0;i<5;i++> { GetDlgItem<IDC_BUTTON_B+i>->EnableWindow<TRUE>; } GetDlgItem<IDC_BUTTON_D>->EnableWindow<TRUE>; } elseif<this->radix==OCT> { //确定打开数字键0-7 for<inti=0;i<6;i++> GetDlgItem<IDC_BUTTON2+i>->EnableWindow<TRUE>; GetDlgItem<IDC_BUTTON2+i>->EnableWindow<FALSE>; GetDlgItem<IDC_BUTTON2+i+1>->EnableWindow<FALSE>; for<i=0;i<5;i++> { GetDlgItem<IDC_BUTTON_B+i>->EnableWindow<FALSE>; } GetDlgItem<IDC_BUTTON_D>->EnableWindow<FALSE>; } elseif<this->radix==BIN> { //确定打开数字键0-1,关闭数字键2-F for<inti=0;i<8;i++> GetDlgItem<IDC_BUTTON2+i>->EnableWindow<FALSE>; for<i=0;i<5;i++> { GetDlgItem<IDC_BUTTON_B+i>->EnableWindow<FALSE>; } GetDlgItem<IDC_BUTTON_D>->EnableWindow<FALSE>; } }}运行结果如下：④其他细节处理//非十进制处理voidCScience::enableDecBut<boolflag>{ //禁用小数点 GetDlgItem<IDC_BUTTON_DOT>->EnableWindow<flag>; //禁用1/x,%,sin,cos,tan,cot,ln,log,e,∏ GetDlgItem<IDC_BUTTON_MUT_INV>->EnableWindow<flag>; GetDlgItem<IDC_BUTTON_PERCENT>->EnableWindow<flag>; GetDlgItem<IDC_BUTTON_SIN>->EnableWindow<flag>; GetDlgItem<IDC_BUTTON_COS>->EnableWindow<flag>; GetDlgItem<IDC_BUTTON_TAN>->EnableWindow<flag>; GetDlgItem<IDC_BUTTON_COT>->EnableWindow<flag>; GetDlgItem<IDC_BUTTON_LN>->EnableWindow<flag>; GetDlgItem<IDC_BUTTON_LOG>->EnableWindow<flag>; GetDlgItem<IDC_BUTTON_E_CONST>->EnableWindow<flag>; GetDlgItem<IDC_BUTTON_PAI>->EnableWindow<flag>; //禁用括号 GetDlgItem<IDC_BUTTON_LEFTBRACKET>->EnableWindow<flag>; GetDlgItem<IDC_BUTTON_RIGHTBRACKET>->EnableWindow<flag>;}/************************************************************************//* 任意进制字符串