必修第二册Unit5阅读题组-练速度

必修第二册Unit5阅读题组——练速度I.阅读AInnovativeDesignsforAccessibilityDeadline:2021-11-30Award:$7,500TheInnovativeDesignsforAccessibilitychallengesuniversitystudentsacrossCanadatousetheircreativitytodevelopinnovative,cost-effectiveandpracticalsolutionstoaccessibilitybarriersforpeoplewithdisabilities.CleanTechpetitionDeadline:2021-11-13Award:$28,000TheCleanTechpetitionisaunique,worldwideresearchanddesignchallengeforprecollegeyouth.ThepetitionisdesignedtobuildadeeperunderstandingofSTEM(science,technology,engineering,andmath)relatedconcepts,recognizeoutstandingtalent,andpreparethenextgenerationofgloballypetitiveinnovators.AgileRoboticspetitionDeadline:2021-11-1()Award:$17,500AgileRoboticspetitionisasimulalion-based(仿真)petitiondesignedtopromoteagility(灵活)inindustrialrobotsystemsbyemployingthelatestadvancesinartificialintelligenceandrobotplanning.Thepetitionwillbeheldvirtually,sothereisnoneedtotraveltopete.ThepetitionwillusetheGazebosimulationtool.WearableRoboticsInnovationChallengeDeadline:2021-11-24Award:$5,000TheWearableRoboticsAssociationisinvitingentriesthatrepresentthemostinnovativenewideasinwearablerobotictechnology.Thereviewmitteewillselectasmanyastenfinalists.Theoneconsideredtobethemostinnovativewillbeannouncedattheconferenceandwillreceive$5.000toacceleratethenewtechnology..Whichpetitionfavorspetitorswithacreativemindinhelpingthedisabled?解释，据此可知,空处讲的是与“善于沟通的同事”相关的内容,E项意为“人们看重能有效沟通的同事”与该处匹配，故选E项。.F解析根据空处所在的位置可知，空处为该段的主旨句;根据该段中的“Thismcansnotonly...whatthcpcrsonissaying.”可知，这意味着你不仅要用耳朵去听,还要能够理解对方在说什么。据此可知，该段主要陈述倾听在沟通中的重要性。故F项“能够倾听他人在沟通过程中非常重要”符合该处，故选F项。.D解析根据空处下句“Pulyourself...onyourownbeliefs.“可知，要站在对方的角度考虑问题，而不是基于自己的信念去评判或批评。据此可知，空处说明应当从别人的角度看问题。故选D项。.B解析根据该段首句“EncouragingotherswiH...intheworkplace.”可知，鼓励他人可以增强自信，让你在工作中更受赏识;结合空处下文“youhelpothersfeel./espectedbyco-workers.”可知，通过赞扬和鼓励，你会让他人感到同事需要他们、欢迎他们、尊重他们。故选B项。5.G解析根据语境可知,空处为该段主旨句;根据空处下句“Besuretomaintaineyecontact...tohelpyoufomclearerthoughts.”可知，在你和别人说话的大部分时间里,一定要保持眼神交流，并用手势来帮助你形成更清晰的思路。据此可知，该段主要说明保持眼神交流、使用手势等肢体语言在沟通中的重要性。故选G项。A.WearableRoboticsInnovationChallenge.B.AgileRoboticspetition.C.CIeanTechpetition.D.InnovativeDesignsforAccessibility..WhichofthefollowingistheaimofCleanTechpetition?A.ToimprovetheresearchonSTEM.B.Todevelopteenagers'abilitytoinnovate.C.Tohelpstudentsgotobeloveduniversities.D.Toencourageuniversitystudentstobeinnovators..WhatcanweknowaboutWearableRoboticsInnovationChallenge?A.petitorswithcreativityaremorelikelytowin.B.Thefinal10petitorscangetawards.C.Onlyteenagerscantakepartinthepetition.D.petitorscanhandintheirworksinDecember.B“IabsolutelyknewthatIcouldbeaphysician,“saysPatriceHarris."ButneverinmywildestdreamsdidIthinkIwouldbepresidentoftheAmericanMedicalAssocialion(AMA).“HarrisisthefirstAfricanAmericanwomanevertobeelectedpresidentoftheAMA.Harrisgrewupinasmalltown,andbeingadoctorfeltlikeadreamforher.4tEventhoughIknewIwantedtobeaphysician,“shesaid,“Ihadnoideahowtogetthere."Harrisworkedextremelyhardtoachieveherdream.Shesaid,“Inlife,noneofusgetthroughwithoutanysetback.What'simportantistolearnfromthesechaHcnges."HarrisplctcdherundergraduateandgraduatestudiesatWestVirginiaUniversity.WhenHarriswasinherthirdyearofmedicalschool,shedecidedtospecializeinpsychiatry(精神病学),thestudyandtreatmentofmentalillnesses/'SomeofmypatientshadwhatIthoughtwereveryinterestingdisorders,nshesaid."Andtherewassomethingneweveryday.”In2007,HarriswonthePsychiatristoftheYearAwardandwidelyrecognizedasatopdoctor.Butitisnotawards,shesaid,butrathertreatingandcaringforherpatientsthathasmotivatedherthroughouthercareer."Thatinteractionwithmypatientsisveryfulfilling,becauseeveryopportunitythatIhavetohelpapatientinneedissomeaningfukanditshowsmewhyIoriginallywantedtogointoIheprofessionofmedicine,“Hanissaid.Aspresident,Harrishopestomakesurethatpeopleacrossthecountryhaveaccesstotheresourcestheyneedtoensuregoodhealthandthateveryoneisonapath.Shesaid,“Everyoneshouldhavethesameopportunitiestoliveahealthylife.”4.WhatcanwclearnaboutPatriceHarrisfromParagraph1?A.Shcistalentedasaphysician.B.SheisthefirstwomanpresidentoftheAMA.C.ShehadneverintendedtobepresidentoftheAMA.D.Shewasambitiousandgenerousatayoungage.5.WhatcanHarrisowehersuccessto?A.Family'ssupport.B.Enoughchances.C.Learningfromsetbacks.D.Hardworkandpreciseplans..WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesHarrisasapsychiatrist?A.Worried.B.Devoted.C.Aggressive.D.Generous..Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fulfilling“inParagraph3probablymean?A.Powerful.B.Encouraging.C.Disappointing.D.Rcwarding.CA293-million-miIejourneyoftheNASAPerseverancerover（探测器）toMarsendedsuccessfullyonFebruary18,2021,withapicture-perfectlandinginsidetheJezeroCrater.Thecar-sizcd,six-whcclcdrover,nicknamedPercySstheUSspaceagency'sbiggestandmostadvancedexplorertodate.Itsprimarymissionistosearchforsignsofancientmicrobial（微生物的）lifeonMars.LandingonMarsisextremelytricky.TheRedPlanet5sgravilalional（引力的）pullcausesapproachingspacecrafttogofastertohighspeeds,whileitsthinatmosphere-just1percentthatofEarth's—docslittletohelpslowitdownasitapproachesthesurface.ThescientistshadtoreducePercy*s12,000mphspeedtoasafelandingspeedoflessthanfivemph-injustsixandahalfminutes.Thetargetentryanglealsohadtobeaprecise12degrees—anysteeper,andthespacecraftwouldbumup;anyflattenanditwouldgetlostinspace.ltisnowonderthatthefinalapproachisoftenreferredtoasthe“sevenminutesofterror”.Uponattainingamanageablespeed,Pe/cybrieflyflewovertheMartiansurfacetoseekouttheperfectlandingspot.Itsplexmap-readingsystemrapidlyscannedtheareaandmatcheditwithmapsinitsdatabasetofindthebestlocation.TheNASAscientistswillspendthenexttwomonthstestingPercy"sscientificinstruments.Onceready,theroverwillbegintocarryoutitsmission.^Perseveranceisthesmartestrobotevermade,butconfirmingthatmicrobiallifeonceexistedcarriesanunusuallylargeburdenofproof,“saidLoriGlaze,directorofNASA'sPlanetaryScienceDivision."Whilewe'11learnalotwiththegreatinstrumentswehaveaboardtherover,itmayverywellrequirethefarmorewell-equippedlaboratoriesanddelicateinstrumentsbackhereonEarthtotelluswhetheroursamples（样本）carryevidencethatMarsonceharboredlife.”.WhatistheextraordinarychallengefortherovertolandonMars?A.Thespeedreduction.B.Theatmosphereanalysis.C.Thelocationsearch.D.Thctimemanagement..WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Waystofindthepreciseentryangle.B.Consequencesofwrongentrydegree.C.Factorstosurvive“thesevenminules”.D.Reasonsforthenecessityofspeedreducing.lO.Whatdoes“it"refertoinParagraph4?A.Thespot.B.Thearea.C.Thesystem.D.Thcsurface.WhatcanbeinferredfromLoriGlaze'swords?A.Instrumentsaboardtheroverarenotquitereliable.B.Perseveranceisabletocollectenoughevidenceneeded.C.ManstillhasalongwaytogotoprovelifewasonMars.D.SamplesofMarswillbereturnedsoontoourlabsonEarth.DAnyonewhomutes（通勤）bycarknowsthattrafficjamsareanunavoidablepartoflife.Buthumansarenotaloneinfacingpotentialjams.Antsalsomute一betweentheirnestsandsourcesoffood.Thesurvivaloftheircoloniesdependsondoingthjsefficiently.Whenhumansmute,thereJsapointatwhichcarsbeedense（稠密的）enoughtoslowdownIheflowoftraffic,causingajam.Researcherswantedtoknowifantsonthemovecouldalsogetstuck.SotheyregulatedtrafficdensitybyconstructingbridgesofvariouswidthsbetweenacolonyofArgentineantsandasourceoffood.Thentheywaitedandwatched,tryingtofindoutatwhatpointtheyweregoingtohaveatrafficjam.Butitappearedthatthatneverhappened.Theyalwaysmanagedtoavoidatrafficjam.Theflowofantsdidincreaseinthebeginningasantsstartedtofillthebridgeandthenleveledoffathighdensity.Butitneversloweddownorstoppcd,evenwhenthebridgewasnearlyfilledwithants.Theresearchersthentookacloserlookathowthebehaviourofindividualantsimpactedtrafficasawhole.Andtheyfoundthatwhenantssenseovercrowdingjheyadjusttheirspeedsandavoidenteringhigh-densityareas,whichpreventsjams.Thcirbehaviourmaybepromotedbypheromones,chemicalsthatcantellotherantswhereatrailis.Theantsalsomanagetoavoidcolliding（碰撞）witheachotherathighdensity,whichcouldreallyslowthemdown.Canantshelpussolveourowntrafficproblems?Nollikely.That'sbecausewhenitestogettingfrompointAtopointBasfastaspossible,humandriversputtheirowngoalsfirst.Individualantshavetobemorecooperativeinordertofeedthecolony.Buttheresearchcouldbeusefulinimprovingtrafficflowforself-drivingcars,whichcanbedesignedtobelesslikeselfishhumans-andmorelikeants..WhatdoestheunderlinedworcTthis"inParagraph2referto?A.Surviving.B.muting.C.Findingfood.D.Avoidingjams..Howdidtheresearcherscontrolthetrafficdensityofthemutingants?A.Throughcloserobservation.B.Byregulatingtheirnumbers.C.Byfindingoutthedensepoints.D.Bycontrollingthewidthsoftheirpath..Howcanantsavoidtrafficjamsaccordingtotheresearch?A.Theyfollowaspecialroute.B.Theymaketheirflowsteadyathighdensity.C.Theyneverstoporslowdownontheway.D.Theydependontheirnaturalchemicalstomakeadjustment.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TrafficJamsB.SurvivalofanAntColonyC.Unavoidable?NotforAnts!0.DifferencesBetweenHumansandAntsI【.七选五Intheworkplace,oneofthemostimportantskillstopossessisgoodmunication.1;itmeanstheyareabletolistentoothers,aswellassuccessfullyconveytheirownideasandopinions.Whilelisteningandspeakingareimportantineffectivemunication,thereareotherskillsthatarevitaltogoodmunicationintheworkplace.2.Thismeansnotonlylisteningwithyourearsbutalsobeingabletoprehendwhatthepersonissaying.Givingco-workersyourfullattentionwhentheyareconveyinganideacangoalongwayinbuildingrelationshipsandfurtheringprogress.Havingempathy（同情）isveryusefulinmunication.3.Putyourselfintheotherperson'spositioninsteadofjudgingorcriticizingbasedonyourownbeliefs.Whilethismaybedifficultforsome,empathizingwithotherscanbeveryhelpfulinkeepingintunewithyourownemotionsandideas.Encouragingotherswillheightenconfidenceandappreciationintheworkplace._4,youhelpothersfeeltheyarewanted,weledandrespectedbyco-workers.Peoplearemuchmorelikelytosparenoeffortiftheyknowtheyarcvalued.Bodylanguagecangreatlyimpacthowotherstreatyouintheworkplace.Beingextroverted（夕卜向的）andfriendlyletsco-workersknowyouareopentohearingtheiropinionsaboutprojectsornewdesigns.5.Besuretomaintaineyecontactthemajorityofthetimeyouarespeakingwithsomeone,andusehandgesturestohelpyouformclearerthoughts.Smilingoffersencouragementandcreatesanoticeabledifferenceinhowyouaretreated.Peoplewhosmilemoreareseenasmoreapproachableandtrustworthy.Whilemanyofthesegoodmunicationskillsoccurnaturallyinindividuals,somemayneedtobelearnedandpracticedinordertobeesecondnature.A.WhilemunicationisimportantB.BypraisingothersandofferingwordsofencouragementC.Praisingco-workershelpsmunicationgosmoothlyD.ItinvolvesseeingthingsfromthepointsofviewofothersE.Peoplevalueco-workerswhocanmunicateeffectivelyF.BeingabletolistentoothersisvitalinthemunicationprocessG.Bodylanguageisalargepartofbeingempatheticandencouraging答案：I.【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个竞赛项目及其相关信息。.D解析细节理解题。根据InnovativeDesignsforAccessibility部分中的“forpeoplewilhdisabililies”可知，该竞赛旨在鼓励利用创新思维帮助残疾人。故选D项。.B解析细节理解题。根据CleanTechpctition部分中的€€ThepetitionisdesignedtobuildadeeperunderstandingofSTEM(science,technology,engineering,andniath)relatedconcepts,recognizeoutstandingtalent,andpreparethenextgenerationofgloballypetiliveinnovalors.”可知，培养下一代，即青少年的创新能力是CleanTechpelition的目标。故选B项。.A解析推理判断题。根据WearableRoboticsInnovationChallenge部分t4TheoneconsideredtobethemostinnovativewillbeannouncedattheconferenceandwillreceiveS5,OOOtoacceleratethenewtechnology.”可^a,WearableRobotics!nnovationChallenge竞赛关注的是创新能力，由此推知,有创造力的参赛者更有可能获胜。B、D两项表述有误,C项在文中并未提及，故选A项。【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了美国医学协会的主席PatriceHarris的相关事迹。.C解析细节理解题。根据第一段中tlButneverinmywildestdreamsdidIthinkIwouldbepresidentoftheAmericanMedicalAssocialion(AMA).”可知,她做梦也没想过会成为美国医学协会主席，由此可见,她以前从来没打算过成为这个主席。故选C项。.C解析细节理解题。根据第二段中"Harrisworkcdcxtrcmclyhardtoachicvcherdrcam.Shesaid,*Inlifc,noncofusgctthroughwithoutanysetback.What'simportantistolearnfromthesechallenges/”可知，人的生活中都会有挫折,最重要的是要从这些挑战中去学习，而历经这些挫折加上勤奋才能成功。由此可知，她要把自己的成功归功于从挫折习。故选C项。.B解析推理判断题。根据第三段中4lButitisnotawards,shesaid,butrathcrtreatingandcaringforhcipaticntsthathasmotivatcdhcrthroughouthercareer."和“…everyopportunity…professionofmedicine”可知，作为一名医生,是治疗和照顾病人这件事成为她职业生涯的动力，可知她对工作是全心全意的。故选B项。.D解析词义猜测题。根据第三段中"...becauseeveryopporlunitythatlhavetohelpapatientinneedissomeaningfuLanditshowsmewhyloriginallywantedtogointotheprofessionofmedicine”可知,她认为每次有机会帮助病人是很有意义的，由此可见，她认为和病人的互动是值得的,fulfilling与下文meaningful相呼应，故选D项。【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“毅力号”探测器的主要任务，及其登陆火星过程中的情况。.A解析细节理解题。根据第二段可知，火星引力会使得接近火星的航天器更快速行进，并且火星稀薄的大气层对减缓航天器的速度几乎没有帮助，故减速是“毅力号”探测器登陆火星的特别挑战。故选A项。.C解析主旨大意题。通读第三段内容可知，该段尾句"Itisnowonderthatthefinalapproachisoftenreferredtoa