SAT 2016年03月北美 真题 答案+知识点

PASSAGE1ACCACBBACDPASSAGE2BACABABBDBAPASSAGE3DABCDBADACAPASSAGE4AADDCDBCBAPASSAGE5BCDDBAADCB语法MudskippersDBABDDBBDDDKnightsinShiningArmorCAACABDDCDATheTraditionoftheHaenyeoABCDCCAABABWindPower:DoingCommunitiesaGoodTurnCADCBDCBCACPassage1D考点：标点符号。justlikeotherfish是插入语，用一对逗号。B考点：动词单复数+时态。主语的核心名词是ability，且本句描述的是一^客观事实，stems。A考点：逻辑关系词。本句中的bimodalrespiration是对前句中的certainphysicaladaptation进行具体举例。B考点：固定搭配°theabilityto…D考点：文章主旨。做完全篇再回来做本题。文章在说的是具有两种呼吸方式的mudskippers相比其他只有单一呼吸方式的鱼，有更强的适应环境的能力。D考点：句子结构。ABC出现了不同的并列连词，D中删除掉并列连词，因此考点会牵涉到是否需要并列连词。观察句子发现，句首ratherthanbeing…介词短语，做句子状语，其后应该跟主句，二者是修饰关系，而非并列关系。B考点合并句子。第二句话对第一句进行转折,所以将其改为让步状语从句，既简洁,又能准确反映原文中however体现出的逻辑关系oACD均为并列复合句，不如B简洁，且逻辑均错误。B考点：书面语。直接选possible。D考点：逻辑关系词。intertidalregions..就是对前一句中的areassubjecttodrasticchanges…具体举例，用infact。D考点：代词。指代mudskippers。D考点：增加句子。本句跟文章主旨无关。Passage2C考点：run-on句型。ABD均是run-on,C逗号后是一^独立主格。A考点：时态。客观事实。A考点：引起后半句。后半句说这些展览揭示了中世纪传奇背后的物理显示，对应A中的morethanjustfantasy>C考点：加入句子。本句偏离了文章主旨。C考点：固定搭配。becomposedofB考点：逻辑关系词。indeed强化前句话的观点。D考点：文章。和其他段落pattern—致，其他段落都是跟随作者的脚步移动来展开文章内容。D考点：合并句子。第二句是对第一句中的garnitures补充信息，将其变为同位语最简洁。（D中TYPO，漏印了逗号）。C考点：标点符号。orsometimesorthree为插入语，用一对逗号。A考点：比较结构。四个选项都是名词短语，且其核心名词不同。再有，划线左边有表示表关系的as...as...短语，因此本题考点可能是比较关系，形式一致。读句子得知，句中比较对象是emperor的armor和earl的armor。A考点：句子结构。ACD均是短语，B是一个句子，因为考点和句子结构有关系，读句子的时候注意结构°bothits…andits…Passage3D考点：标点符号。本句中主句之后是2个独立主格，中间加逗号°while用于引导状语从句，而本句中没有从句。B考点：所有格+标点符号°families不应该用所有格‘families后面的信息对前面的信息进行解释，用冒号。C考点：句子结构。was后是that引导引导的宾语从句。D考点：简洁。extraneous和unnecessary重复。C考点：第二个相似的例子。C的例子和第—例子形式一致，且意思上也都是对于divers的保护措施。C考点：逻辑关系词。前后内容相反，用instead。A考点：相似的例子。其他的例子都是device为divers提供的帮助，只有A是同样的内容。A考点：合并句子。原文中2句话是对比关系。A用whereas引导的表示对比的状语从句，逻辑准确又简洁。B是although引导的让步状语从句，逻辑错误，且"diversonit"多余°CD均是并列复合句，不简洁。B考点：逻辑关系。明显的因果关系，用so。A考点：乱加逗号。这几处均不可加标点。B考点：逻辑关系词。forthesereasons指代前面几句话中提到的原因。Passage4C考点：句子结构。这里是2个完整的句子，是并列关系，用and。A考点：比较状语从句。than引导比较状语从句，比较对象是windturbinescauseenvironmentaldamage和powerplantsthatburnfossilfuelscauseenvironmentaldamage为了避免重复，可以把从句中的谓语部分（即causeenvironmentaldamage）用助动词do来代替。当主语较长的时候，通常会将主语后置，动词提前。B的错误是没有动词，且时态错误。C加了情态动词can错误。D不是完整的句子。D考点：作者意图题。注意题干中的"specificclaims"，只有D提到的是具体的。C考点：逻辑主语。划线部分为句子主干，且句子开头是一个现在分词短语的变形（介词ving短语），判断本题考点为逻辑主语，分析下来只有C中主语windfarms可以发出benefitingindividuals这个动作。B考点：图表题。很明显啊，在两个windfarms建成之后，taxrevenue都出现了明显的increase。D考点：简洁。C考点：标点符号。前后是完整的两句话，用分号连接。B考点：词汇。averse相反的adverse不利的adverted提及的adversarial对抗的C考点：逻辑关系词。转折关系，用however。A考点：书面语。dissuadefrom劝阻。C考点：句子排序。这句话说涡轮看起来跟自然风景很不协调，1提到了涡轮看起来ugly，且2开始就不再说ugly这个缺点，开始讲对于健康的adverseeffects。所以放在1之后。2021-7-1beonthetextofanewstorybeatherdrawingboard3.Shewasnotwritingsomuchasplanningoutherpanelsatthetypewritertheleadstorystoryboardednolessdetailedneverbotherwithtellingsb.howtodosth.haveeverythingfiguredoutinadvanceshotbyshothadgottenherstartinsth.soonafter……upondoingsth.takeoversb'sdeskatsp.clearoutsubcompetentswholitteredthestaffthere15.leavesb.withanacuteshortageofartists16.inparticularTommyhadstartedkindergarten.thearrantpurposelessnessofherlifeharriedandfranticwithanarmloadofBristolboardstayupallnightwithpagessomedreadfulGoldStarsuperherostripthePhantomStallionThereignoftheQueenhadcommenced.emergeslowlyatfirstonlynowandthenunsignedanduncreditedspreadoutonthedinettetablehaveasteadyhandhaveastronglinehaveagoodsenseofshadowbeinajamorshorthandedcraveintenselythedayswhen……Aalreadyfarexceededthatofsb.hecouldaffordtohireatsp.haveevergivenanythoughttosth.cookuphaveconsiderablesuccessadatewithsb.basedontheoldtrue-romancepuplstheoldpulpgenresbeexhumedbeaimedatbecenteredonacceptsb'sproposalwithaflushofgratitudewhosepowerwasundiminishedevennow2021-7-2fortyacrescofoundtheNationalFarmWorkersAssociationtreefruitahistoricalaccount5.ourmembershipthepoordispossessedhavebeenraisedonouraccountbythesamemeasureneitherareweimmoralhavesufferedandenduredmuchabjectpoverty/misery/failuretheexclusionfromthedemocraticprocessthelackofformaleducationslay-slew-slainhavesoughttodemoralizebenotbeastsofburdenagriculturalimplementsmarkthiswell19.lockedinadeathstruggleagainstman'sinhumanitytosb.ennbobleourdyinggivemeaningtoourlifestrikerbewelltrainedforsth.Theyhavebeenunderthegun,theyhavebeenkickedandbeatenandherdedbydogs,theyhavebeencursedandridiculed,theyhavebeenstrippedandchainedandjailed,theyhavebeensprayedwiththepoisonsusedinthevineyardstoliedownanddienortofleeinshametoresistwitheveryounceofhumanenduranceandspirittoresistnotwithretaliationinkindbuttoovercomewithloveandcompassion,withingenuityandcreativity,withhardworkandlongerhours,withstaminaandpatienttenacity,withtruthandpublicappeal,withfriendsandallies,withnobilityanddiscipline,withpoliticsandlaw,andwithprayerandfasting.Whilewedonotbelittleorunderestimateouradversariesnordowecringefromtheconfrontation30.ourcourseisjust31.inheritthelandgrapevineblendedinwiththisscenarioalmostunnoticeablytakesth.forgrantedtheirdreary,hopelessexistenceacryforjusticewentforthacryofoutrageandacryofhopethepicketlinesspelloutacommonlongingbeginalong,uphillfightchipawayatsth.ofsth.setuptheirpicketlinesbypowerfulinjunctionpledgethemselvestononviolencefaceviolenceandhatredfromsb.corruptcourtsbrutalpolicemenself-seekingpoliticians50.inspiteofanendlessstreamoffrustratingobstaclesdespairhasgivenwaytohopeunionizeseveralranchesshout“no”imidatinganhonorableundertakingthehighmoralintegrityalastresortbeprimarilydrivenbyadesire63.inderminedetrimentalunderpinninggenesisjustification68.ingeneraltermscontextpersistentcircumstancesacknowledge72.overseethestrikereiteratetheclaimrecognizeanargumentrefute2021-7-5reproductionplumpwithamassofcurlyhairtheirstrikingplumpnessfattissueproportionAhebellycavityAevolvedinearlyhumanstocounterexcessivecoolingsubcutaneousfat31.inopensavannahyieldonlyweakevidencepropesebysb.exceptionally35.increasedfatreservesasacrucialenergybufferwouldbeparticularlyadvantageous37.offsetanydisruptionintheflowofresourcestothegrowinginfantgoingastepfurthernutrirtionistsdepositionoffathumanfetuspregnancytakeplaceasaresultbewellbelownormalinprematurebabiesasixth47.insufficientfatdeposits48.preemy49.benotwellbufferedgivenadequatenutrition51.itisvitaltorecognizedthespecialneedsofprematurebabies52.aptlydescribeAasB2021-7-8hindsightbiasbedefinedastermedthe“Knewitallalongeffect,”precededaneventthwartsoundappraisal6.legalsystem7.particularlywithrespecttonegligence,productliabilityandmedicalmalpractice8.inlegalapplicationsadefendantreasonablyforensictests12.isdeemedirrelevantinevaluatingthebeforeafocalmishapoccurredasempiricalstudieshaveshownafflictjudgmentsofsth.conveytoseasoneddecisionmakersbeconfusedwithsth.18.innovate,thrive,andprosperthisinterpretationfollowsalongthelinesof……20.hetimingofmakingaconclusiondirectedatcurrentactionsandfutureplansbycontrasthometeamretrieveone'searlierestimatebedefinedasthehypotheticaldesignreturningtothefootballgameexamplewhereasbeinstructedtodisregardsth.31.imaginethemselvestobeintheshoesentrepreneursrecall34.irrationality35.StanfordUniversityPressanoverviewthoroughsound/accuratetheextentfirstandreviseone'sviewrandomseparate44.indeterminaterecounthighlightsth.47.identifyuniquepropertiesofsubductionzonelavasacrevicebepromptedinpartby……2021-7-14Passage5supplementarymaterialstectonicstheMarianatrenchdescendingdeepintotheplanetcrevicerecyclemantlerockcalledsubductionahotdebatemunmaskasequenceof……remnantsmarkthedawnofAmarksthedawnofBandthus(thedawnof)Ccriticaltosomething.thesamegeochemicalsignaturebemixedwithbrinyfluidssqueezedupthroughsp.decidetotakeacloserlookadistinctchemicalpatternauniquesequenceofrocksattheUniversityofIowatakesubmersiblesintosp.confirmsb.ssuspicionsbelinkedinwithsth.successivelayertheoceanicslabmagamatoponeanotherdepthsqueezeAoutoftheslabinfluids29.overtimepoorintheelementniobiumyetterbiumniobium32.partialsignatureclarionmarkbolsterbemuchmorerobustthanjustsaying……benotcompletelyconvinced37……,though.bewarpedtheevidencewouldbecompellingundeformedbemodifiedbyintensemaskandmodifythroughcontaminationwhilewhilethosearelegitimateconcerns45.isn'ttoobotheredbenotfullysortedoutyetwhenitcomestosth.thisisreasonabletimewornrockstheworkdoneinthispaper2021-7-15makethepassageconformtotheconventionsofstandardwrittenEnglishthriveoutofthewaterstemlargelyfrom……setAapartfromBtheabilitytodosth.mudskipperphysicaladaptions8.inparticularneverthelessbycontrastbimodalrespirationfeedmainlyonsth.haveachambertohousetheirgillscanreadilyextractdissolvedoxygenfromwaterbloodvesselsfacilitateratherthanbeingactivatedat……beusedsimultaneouslytheiraquaticrespiration20.inpreparationforlessaqueousconditionstheamphibiousfishhopalongtidalmudflatstheedgesofmangroveswampsapproximatelyaccountfor40to50percentasnapsthisdoableabreezemakeitpossibleforsb.toliveinareasubjecttodrasticchanges30.inintertidalregionsbemarkedbyregular,anismsinhuntforfood,reproductiveopportunities,andoptimalenvironmentalconditionsAcontradictsB.digressfromthemainpointhaveasignificantadvantageoverotherfishability的基本用法：-sability指“智力，技能”时用作可数名词,且常用于复数形式。ability也可指“聪明，智慧”，这时用作不可数名词。单独用ability或abilities时除带后置修饰语或有上下文提示者外，一般都指智力，如：1、 Almosteveryonehassomemusicalability.几乎人人都有-些音乐才能。2、 Hewasamanofextraordinaryabilities.他才干卓著。二、 表示"在某方面有能力”时ability可接介词in,at,for等；表示“做某事的能力”时可接动词不定式，也可接“in+动名词”,但不接“of+动名词”。表示"有能力的”，可说abilityof,如：1、 Thesystemhastheabilitytorunmorethanoneprogramatthesametime.该系统能够同时运行-个以上的程序。2、 Everyonehastherighttogoodmedicalcareregardlessoftheirabilitytopay.无论支付能力如何，每个人都有权得到良好的医疗。三、 abilitytodoit前通常有限定词，即可以说anabilitytodoit,也可以说theabilitytodoit,还可以说sb'sabilitytodoit。注意这种结构中的动词不定式不可用于被动语态，如：anabilitytoapplyknowledgeofmathematics,science,andengineering有应用数学，科学和工程知识的能力-、表示“能力”、“能够”，多为不可数名词;表示“才能”、“才干”，多用复数形式。如I：Heisamanofability.他是位有能力的人。二、 表示有能力做某事或具有做某事的能力等，其后通常要接不定式。如I：HehastheabilitytospeakEnglishfluently.他能流利地说英语。三、 但在现代英语中，也可后接ofdoingsth。女□:Iadmirehisabilityofdoingtheworkquickly.我羡慕他工作做得快。四、 ability的反义词是inability,不是disability inability表示没有能力或没有才能，而disability则指因先天缺陷或受伤变残而导致的无能。如I：Physicaldisabilitycausesmentalanguish.生理伤残会引起心理苦闷。这些名词均可表示人的“能力，才能”之意。1sability普通用词，指人先天的或学来的各种能力。2、 capacity侧重指人的潜在能力，通常不指体力，多指才智，尤指接受与领悟能力。capacity英[k「p比soti]n.容量;性能;才能;生产能力adj.充其量的，最大限度的例句：Ourcapacityforgivingcare,loveandattentionislimited.我们能够给予的关怀、关爱和关注是有限的。Breadfactoriesareworkingatfullcapacity.面包厂正在全力生产。3、 capability多用于人，指胜任某项具体工作的能力，也指本身具有、尚未发挥的潜在能力。常与of或for连用。4、geniusn.天才，天赋（语气最强，可指天赋极高者，也可指天赋的特殊才能与智力，强调高智商，含具有独特的创造力之意。）Einsteinwasagreatscientificgenius.爱因斯坦是个伟大的科学天才。Hewasageniusinbothscienceandart.他在科学和艺术两方面都是天才。Hehassomeshareofhisfather'sgenius.他有几分父亲传给他的天赋。Shehasageniusforlinguistics.她具有学习语言学的天赋。5、talentn.天资，天分，才能;（指人在某一方面所具有的可发展和培养的突出天赋，语气弱于genius。）Thefatherfoundthathissonhadamusicaltalent.父亲发现儿子有音乐天赋。Doyouhaveatalentforpainting?你有绘画天分吗?Heisawriterofexceptionalliterarytalent.他是位文采出众的作家。6、 competenee正式用词，侧重指令人满意的业务能力与水平，达到胜任某项工作等的要求。competenee英［'kompitsns］n.能力;技能;相当的资产例句：1） Theabilitytowriteisasupremetestoflinguisticcompetence.写作能力是语文能力的最高形式的检测。2） Theyoungsurgeonshowedexceptionalcompetence.这位年轻的外科医生具有不寻常的才干。7、 facultyn.［正式］才能，技能（指某种特殊的才能、能力。）Georgehasafacultyforinspiringconfidenceinpeople.乔治具有激发他人信心的能力。Studyinghasreallysharpenedhercriticalfaculties.学习的确增强了她的判断能力。8、 giftn.天赋，才能指人天生具有的能力或品质，但不一定具有创造力；也可泛指某人在某一方面突出的个人才能。I'vealwayshadagiftforlearninglanguages.我一向有学习语言的天分。Heseemedtohaveagiftforpastiche.他似乎有模仿他人作品的天赋。9、 aptitude指做某类事情的习性，侧重指非后天形成的自然本能迪指在学习方面的资质或技能，常后接介词for。”天资;天生的才能;天赋;资质;习性”Swallowshaveanaptitudeforbuildingnests.燕子有筑巢的习性。Hehasanaptitudeforpainting.他有绘画的才能。Anaptitudeforcomputingisbeneficialforstudentstakingthisdegree.计算才能对于攻读这个学位的学生有益处。10、 knackn.［非正式］本事，技能（指人天生的或后天学来的某种技能或本领。）aknackforrememberingfaces记人的本领Hehasaknackformakingmoney.他天生有赚钱的本领。Tillhasaknackofsayingfunnythings.蒂尔有说俏皮话的本事。Sh