初中英语数词专项

数词讲解专项练习1数词的讲解一、定义：表示数目或顺序二、分类：分为基数词和序数词两种。表示数目或数量多少的词叫基数词；表示数目顺序的词叫序数词。三、基数词的构成：1）1-12的基数词是独立的单词，即：one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight，nine，ten，eleven，twelve。2）13-19的基数词以-teen结尾。如：fourteen，seventeen等，但13，15，18较特殊，13—thirteen,-fifteen,48eighteen。3）20-90的整十位均以-ty结尾。如：sixty，ninety，但20，30，40，50，80较特殊，20—twenty,3—thirty,—forty,5—fifty,—eighty。4）十位数与个位数之间要加连字符号"-"，如：28-twenty-eight，96-ninety-six,5）百位和十位（若无十位则和个位）之间加and，如：148—onehundredandforty-eight406—fourhundredandsix6）hundred（百），thousand（千），million（百万），billion（十亿）等前面即使有具体的数词，several,some,many也不能在它们的后面加-s。如：sixhundredeightmillion如果表示不确定数目时，用hundredsof/thousandsof/millionsof/billionS］复f+数，前面不能再加数字。1000以上的数字，从后往前数每三位加一个逗号〃，“第一个逗号前为千（thousand），第二个逗号前为百万（million）,第三个逗号前为billion（十亿）。英语中无“万”这个词，我们可以用“几十个千（thousand）”表示几万，“几百个千（thousand）”表示"几十万”。如：2,510—twothousandfivehundredandten296—eighty-fourthousandtwohundredandninety-six350—twohundredandseventy-fourthousandthreehundredandfifty四、序数词的构成：1）序数词一般是以与之相应的基数词尾加-th构成，如：fourth,tent但以下的这些基数词变为序数词时，有特别之处。One—first,t-second,three-third,f—fifth,ni-ninth,twelve-twelfth以—ty结尾的单词，要先变y为i,在加-eth.。如：thirt--thirtieth,—fiftieth3）以one,two,thre等结尾的多位数词，要将个位数变成序数词。如：twenty-one—twenty-first,onehundredand—enehundredandfirst注意：序数词前常用定冠词，有时还可以用不定冠词a/an则表示〃又一〃的意思。（没有具体范围的限制）如：Mr.Brownhasasecondcar.布朗先生另外还有一辆车。Hehastriedasecondtime他又尝试了一次。五、数词的应用1）时刻的表示:小时、点钟、分钟、秒钟要用基数词。①“几点钟”用基数词加o'clockoo'clock可省略。如:5点钟-five（o'cloc②'几点过几分”，030分钟”用介词past。如：7:15-fifteen/aquarterpastseven-7:B0lfpastseven③“差几分几点”用介词〃to〃。如：7:40-twentytoeight7—5fifteen/aquartertoeight④日常生活中的时间读法常常简化，直接按基数词的顺序读。如：7:05-sevenofive7:-5sevenfifteen2）年月日的表示：①年份用基数词，如：1999年一nineteenninety-nine19年一nineteenhundred2000年一twothousand1905年一nineteenofive;②年用基数词，日用序数词。如：1998年6月8日写作:June8,1998读作:Junetheeighth,nineteenninety-eighttheeighthofJune,nineteenninety-eight3）世纪、年代表示法，如：（在）90年代（in）thenineti在）（19世纪（in）thenineteenthcentury在）18世纪30年代（in）the1730或inthe1730's4）编号的表示：基数词放到名词的后边，该名词一般要大写;序数词放到名词的前面，加定冠词。Lesson1/thefirstles第一课Row3/thethirdro第三排BusNo.3=theNo.3bus瑶公共汽车。③表示住所时不用No.如:Room302读作:roomthreeotwo30房间。④如果编号的数词比较长，一般用基数词。如:Page457第457页。⑤电话号码，用基数词，如：3855633-threeeightdoublefivesixdouble°three5）分数的表达：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于〃1〃分母则加〃s"。如：1/3onethird2/3twothirds1/2a/onehalf1/4onefourth/onequarter3/4threefourth或threequarters6）表示有小数的词用基数词，如：5.5fivepointfive12.135twelvepointonethreefive7）表示百分数，如：5%:fivepercent0.8%zeropointeightpercent注意:分数、百分数与主谓一致当分数、百分数修饰可数名词的复数时，谓语动词用复数形式；当分数、百分数修饰不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式。如：EightypercentofthestudentsinourschoolcomefromHenan.我们学校百分之八十的学生来自河南。ThreefourthsofthestudentsinmyclassareinterestedinEnglish.我们班四分之三的学生对英语感兴趣。Twothirdsofthewaterontheearthisseawater.地球上三分之二的水是海水。8)其他用法，如：①基数词+单数名词+形容词构成合成形容词。如：afive-year-oldboy*个五岁的男孩an800-metre-longbridge^座800米长的桥girls1400-metrerelayrac女子400米接力②具体数词+metre(s)/kilometre(s)/kilo(s)long/high/tall/dBep如:awayTheChangjiangRiveris6,300kilometres长n江长6300公里。③表示“几十岁”用基数词的复数形式，如：inhis砧行士在他三十几岁时④倍数的表达:一倍用once，两倍用twice两倍以上用基数词+times。如：fivetimes5倍补充:倍数的表示法：.表示“几倍大小(长短数量)"由"倍数+thesize(length,amountwidthageheight.)+of”结构组成。如：Theearthisforth-ninetimesthesizeofthe地^球的大小是月亮的四十九倍。.表示“„„比,，“大几倍”，由“倍数+形容词副词)比较级+than被比较部分”结构组成。如：Thisboxisthreetimesbiggerthanthatone.这个箱子比那个箱子大三倍。 这个箱子是那个箱子的四倍。)数词练习()1.Everyyear,peoplegotovisittheirfactoryA.athousandofBthousandsC.thousandD.fthousandsof()2.Tomhasjustfinishedwritingaarticle.A.nine-hundred-wordsB.nine-hundreds-wordC.nine-hundred-wordD.nine-hundreds-words()3.peoplelosttheirhomesinJapan’searthquake.A.TwothousandsB.ThousandC.ThousandsofD.Thousandof()4.Lastyear,IvisitedachemicalfactoryinBaise,thereareaboutworkersinit.A.sixthousandsBsixthousandC.sixthousandsofD.sixthousandof()5.Aboutofthestudentsinourclasswereborninthe.A.two-thirds,199cB.two-thirds,1990C.two-third,1990sD.two-third,1990()6.Nowadays ofbusinesslettersarewritteninEnglish.A.twothirdItwothirdC.twothreeC.secondthree()7-Ifa=4,b=5,what’stheanswertothequestion"a+2ab+1=?”^—A.Forty-fifthForty-fiveC.Twenty-threeD.Onehundredandtwenty-one()8-Howoftendoyouexercise?一aweek.A.TwoB.TwiceC.SecondD.Three()9.Theteachersaidthat__oftheboyswouldtakepartinthetalentshow.A.threefiveB.threefivesC.thirdsthreeisfifths()10.Tomorrowistheboybirthday.A.seventhB.sevenC.seventeenD.aseventh()1-Whichisthebiggestnumberofthefour?.A.One-thirdBTwo-thirdsC.AhalfD.Aquarter()12-Excuseme,wherecanIbuyajacket?-YoucangototheMen,sWearSectiononthefloor.A.twoB.twiceCsecondD.three()13.ofthelandiscoveredwithtreesandgrassinPingjiang,Yueyang.A.ThreefivesB.hreefifthsC.ThreefifthD.Threesfifth()14.Septemberismonthoftheyear.A.ninthB.nineC.theninthe).ninth()1-Howwasyourdayoffyesterday?—Perfect!Itwasmygrandma’sbirthday.Wehadabigcake.A.eightyBeightiethC.theeightiethD.theeightieth()16—Excuseme,howcanIgettothemuseum?—Sorry.It,smytimetobehere.A.oneB.firsC.onceD.two()17.Youcanseeifyougooutatnight.A.millionstarsB.thousandofstarsC.hundredsstarsD.millionofstars()1—Isthisyourvisittomyhometown,Zunyi?一No.I’vebeenhereformanytimes.A.oneB.thefirsC.firstD.twice()19.Morethanninestudentsaredoingsportsnow.A.hundredsB.hundredofC.hundredD.hundredsof()20.Now,everybody,pleaseturntoPageandlookatthepicture.A.Fifth;fhFivfe;fifChFifth;fifthD.Five;five()21.Forbreakfast,Iusuallyhaveandtwopiecesofbread.A.acupofmildhalhalfacupofmilkC.ahalfmilkcupD.halfamilkcup()22.ThegovernmentofChongqingisbuildingcheapandgoodhousesforthepeople.A.thousandB.thousandsC.thousandofthousandsof()1.Thereareaboutstudentsinourschool.A.twothousandofB.twothousandsC.twothousandsofD.twothousand()2.Therearestudentsinourgrade.A.threehundredsandforty-fiveB.threehundredandfortyfiveC.threehundredforty-fiveD.threehundredandforty-five()3.Sundayisdayoftheweek.A.thefirstB.oneC.heseventhD.theseven()4.Pleasecometomyoffice.A.athalfpasteightB.athalfpassedeitherC.inhalfpasteightD.onhalfpasteight()5.Ifyouwanttogotothecinema,take.A.busNo.theninthB.theNo.9busC.No.9thebusD.No.theninthbus()6.TheGreenscametoChina.A.in1984October27B.inOctober27,1984C.on27,1984OctoberD.onOctober27,1984()7.Thestorytookplacein.A.nineteencenturiesB.nineteencenturyC.thenineteenthcenturyD.nineteenthcentury()8.IwastoldtheywouldstayinChinafor.A.oneandahalfyearsB.oneandahalfyearC.oneandhalfyearsD.onehalfandoneyear()9.Tomorrowwearegoingtolearn.A.LessonSecondB.theLessonTwoC.LessonTwoD.secondlesson()10.Ithinkthatthefirstdayofspringis.A.twenty-twoofMarchB.twenty-secondonMarchC.twenty-twoinMarchD.thetwenty-secondofMarch()11.letteroftheword“restaurant”is“n”.A.TheninethB.NinethC.TheninthD.Ninth()12.Wetalkedfor.A.halfahourB.halfhourC.anhourhalfD.halfanhour()13.Thebuswillleaveatthisafternoon.A.threefifteenB.threeandfifteenC.threequartersD.fiftytothree()14.Theearthisthesizeofthemoon.A.49thetimesB.49timesC.49timeD.fourty-ninetimes()15.It’saruler.A.two-feet-longB.twofeetlongC.two-foot-longD.two-foot-long()16.studentsareplantingtrees.A.SeveralhundredsB.SeveralhundredC.FivehundredsD.Fivehundredof()17.tofinishquickly.A.NoeverystudentwantsB.NoeverystudentwantC.NoteverystudentwantsD.Noteverystudentwant()18.ago,ourcountrywascoveredbythickforests.A.SeveralmillionofyearB.SeveralmillionyearC.SeveralmillionyearsD.Severalmillionofyears()19.Theweightofthemoonisonlyaboutofthatoftheearth.A.oneeightyB.oneofeightyC.onetheeightiethD.oneeightieth()20.It/s11:45.Yes,it’s.A.fifteenpasttwelveB.fifteenfromtwelveC.aquarterpasteightiethD.aquartertotwelve()21.Whatdateisit?It’s.A.Julytwentieth-firstB.ofJulytwenty-firstC.thetwenty-firstofJulyD.aquartertotwelve()22.,please?ItwasApril25th.A.HowoldareyouB.WhatwasthedateyesterdayC.WhattimewasitD.Whatdayisittoday()23.Ihavethingstodo.Ican/tplay.A.many,nomoreB.alotof,anymoreC.much,moreD.much,anymore()24.Ihaveapaperonmydesk.A.littleB.lotC.lotsD.littleof()25.Thisis.A.thequestionthirtyB.thequestionthirteenC.thirtyquestionD.questionthirteen()26.oftheworkhasbeendone.A.TwothirdB.TwothreeC.TwothirdsD.Twothird()27.It’snow.Let’shurry.A.halfpassedsixB.thirtypassedsixC.halfpasssixD.halftoseven()28.What’sthedatetoday?It’s.A.theJunefourthB.thefourthofJuneC.ofJunethefourthD.fourthJune()29.Nextweekwe'regoingtolean.A.unit5B.theunit5C.Unit5D.5Unit()30.Doyouhavemuchworktodothisweekend?Yes,Ihavetowriteapaper.A.two-thousand-wordB.two-thousand-wordsC.two-thousands-wordD.two-thousands-words()31.Thetreeistall.A.forteenfeetB.fourteenfeetC.fourteenfootD.fourtyfoot()32.Fiftyplus.A.fourtyisninetyB.fortyisninetyC.thirtyisninetyD.fourtyisninety()33.Therearestudentsinthisschool.A.fourhundredfifty-twoB.fourhundredsfifty-twoC.fourhundredandfifty-twoD.fourhundredandfiftytwo()34.Myhomeisaboutawayfromtheschool.A.threehundredmetreB.threehundredsmetresC.threehundredmetresD.threehundredsmetre()35.Decemberisandlastmonthisayear.A.thetwelvethB.twelvethC.thetwelfthD.twelfth()36.oftheteachersintheschoolarefromcolleges.A.ThreequartersB.Two-thirdC.TwofifthD.Two-nineths()37.Therearetwoworldwarsduringcentury.A.thetwentiesB.thetwentiethC.twentiesD.twentieth()39.Intheforties,hisfatherservedintheNewArm(新四军),whilethismotherworkedintheRouteArmy.(八路军)A.thetwenty-firstlessonB.LessonTwentyFirstC.the21thlessonD.Lesson21th()40.Hewillstayherefor.A.oneandhalfmonthB.oneandahalfmonthC.onemonthsandhalfD.oneandahalfmonths()41.What’sthedatetoday?It’s.A.nineB.MondayC.June5D.11:00()42.Wouldyouliketoeatapples?No,thankyou.A.moretwoB.twomoreC.twoanotherD.twoelse()43.Hesaidhewouldcomebackin.A.oneortwodaysB.aortwodaysC.oneandtwodaysD.adayandtwo()44.Howoftendoyouwritetoyourparentsabroad?.A.TwiceamonthB.SecondtimesamonthC.AsecondtimeamonthD.Secondatimeamonth()45.peoplediedinthetrafficaccidentsintheworld.A.ThousandofB.ThousandsofC.TenthousandsofD.Tenthousandof()46.Whatisthetime?It’s.(4:25)A.fourtwenty-fiveB.fourpasttwenty-fiveC.twenty-fivetofourD.fourtwentyfive()47.Mr.Smithlivesonfloor.A.fivethB.fifthC.thefivethD.thefifth()48.HebegantolearnEnglishinhis.A.fiftyB.fiftiethC.fiftiesD.fifth()49.Hissisterwasborn.A.in1998,October21B.on1998,October21C.inOctober21,1998D.onOctober21,1998()50.Whenhewas,helefthometoworkindifferentcities.A.inhistwentyB.athistwentyC.inhistwentiesD.athistwenties()51.I’mthanyou.A.fiveyearsolderB.fifteenyearoldC.fifteenyearsD.fifteenold()52.Howoldareyou?I’m.A.fifteenyearsoldB.fifteenyearoldC.fifteenyearsD.fifteenold()53.Howmanyteachersarethereinyourschool?,butI’mnotsure.A.HundredsB.HundredC.HundredsD.Onehundred()54.AboutofthebooksinourschoollibraryarewritteninChinese.A.four-fifthB.four-fifthsC.fourth-fifthsD.fourths-fifth()55.Theyplantedtreesonthefarmlastyear.A.tw