工人培训第三章低压电气和电动机控制电路的应用

中级电工培训目录低压电气的应用P3三相笼型异步电动机的启动控制电路P10三相笼型异步电动机的制动控制电路P70多速异步电动机的控制电路P110绕线转子异步电动机的启动与调速控制电路P149第三章低压电气和电动机控制电路的应用

分为：1.低压电气的应用2.三相笼型异步电动机的启动控制电路3.三相笼型异步电动机的制动控制电路4.多速异步电动机的控制电路5.绕线转子异步电动机的启动与调速控制电路第三章低压电气和电动机控制电路的应用

—绕线转子异步电动机的启动与调速控制电路YR系列符号

绕线转子三相异步电动机，可以通过滑环在转子绕组中串接电阻来改善电动机的机械特性，从而达到减小启动电流、增大启动转矩以及调节转速的目的。2023/2/44183一、转子绕组串接电阻启动控制线路1.转子串接三相电阻启动原理启动时，在转子回路串入作Y形连接、分级切换的三相启动电阻器，以减小启动电流、增加启动转矩。随着电动机转速的升高，逐级减小可变电阻。启动完毕后，切除可变电阻器，转子绕组被直接短接，电动机便在额定状态下运行。转子串接三相对称电阻器转子串接三相不对称电阻器2023/2/451832.按钮操作控制线路2023/2/46183L1L2L3FU1KM1M3～3FU2KHSB5QSSB1KM2KM3KMKM1KM3KM2KM1KM3KM2KMR1R2R3KHSB2SB3SB4电路组成分析KM2023/2/47183M3～L1L2L3KM13SB5SB1KM2KM3KMKM1KM3KM2KM1KMKM3KM2KMR1R2R3SB2SB3SB4按下SB2KM1线圈得电KM1触头闭合绕线转子串联R2,R3启动FU1FU2QSKHKH2023/2/48183M3～L1L2L3KM13SB5SB1KM2KM3KMKM1KM3KM2KM1KMKM3KM2KMR1R2R3SB2SB3SB4按下SB3KM2线圈得电KM2触头闭合绕线转子串联R3启动FU1FU2QSKHKH2023/2/49183M3～L1L2L3KM13SB5SB1KM2KM3KMKM1KM3KM2KM1KMKM3KM2KMR1R2R3SB2SB3SB4按下SB4KM3线圈得电KM3触头闭合绕线转子切除全部电阻运行FU1FU2QSKHKH2023/2/410183M3～L1L2L3KM13SB5SB1KM2KM3KMKM1KM3KM2KM1KMKM3KM2KMSB2SB3SB4松开SB4电动机继续运行R1R2R3FU1FU2QSKHKH2023/2/4111833.时间继电器自动控制线路2023/2/412183L1L2L3FU1KM1M3～3FU2KHSB2QSSB1KM2KM3KMKMKT3KM3KM2KM1KM3KM2KM1KMR1KT1KT2KT3R2R3KMKM1KM2KM3KM3KT1KT2KH电路组成分析2023/2/413183L1L2L3M3～3SB2SB1KM3KMKMKT3KM2KM1KM3KM2KM1R1R2R3KMKM1KM2KM3KM3KT1KT2合上QS按下SB1KM线圈得电KM1KM2KM3KMKT1KT2KT3FU1FU2KHQSKH2023/2/414183L1L2L3M3～3SB2SB1KM3KMKMKT3KM2KM1KM3KM2KM1R1R2R3KMKM1KM2KM3KM3KT1KT2KM触头闭合绕线转子串联全部电阻启动KT1线圈得电KM1KM2KM3KMKT1KT2KT3FU1FU2KHQSKH2023/2/415183L1L2L3M3～3SB2SB1KM3KMKMKT3KM2KM1KM3KM2KM1R1R2R3KMKM1KM2KM3KM3KT1KT2KT1延时闭合触头闭合KM1线圈得电KM1KM2KM3KMKT1KT2KT3FU1FU2KHQSKH2023/2/416183L1L2L3M3～3SB2SB1KM3KMKMKT3KM2KM1KM3KM2KM1R1R2R3KMKM1KM2KM3KM3KT1KT2KM1触头闭合绕线转子串联R2,R3启动KT2线圈得电KM1KM2KM3KMKT1KT2KT3FU1FU2KHQSKH2023/2/417183L1L2L3M3～3SB2SB1KM3KMKMKT3KM2KM1KM3KM2KM1R1R2R3KMKM1KM2KM3KM3KT1KT2KT2延时闭合触头闭合KM2线圈得电KM1KM2KM3KMKT1KT2KT3FU1FU2KHQSKH2023/2/418183L1L2L3M3～3SB2SB1KM3KMKMKT3KM2KM1KM3KM2KM1R1R2R3KMKM1KM2KM3KM3KT1KT2KM2触头闭合绕线转子串联R3启动KT3线圈得电KM1KM2KM3KMKT1KT2KT3FU1FU2KHQSKH2023/2/419183L1L2L3M3～3SB2SB1KM3KMKMKT3KM2KM1KM3KM2KM1R1R2R3KMKM1KM2KM3KM3KT1KT2KT3延时闭合触头闭合KM3线圈得电KM1KM2KM3KMKT1KT2KT3FU1FU2KHQSKH2023/2/420183L1L2L3M3～3SB2SB1KM3KMKMKT3KM2KM1KM3KM2KM1R1R2R3KMKM1KM2KM3KM3KT1KT2KM3触头闭合绕线转子切除全部电阻运行KM1KM2KM3KMKT1KT2KT3FU1FU2KHQSKH2023/2/421183L1L2L3M3～3SB2SB1KM3KMKMKT3KM2KM1KM3KM2KM1R1R2R3KMKM1KM2KM3KM3KT1KT2KM3动断触头断开KT1线圈失电KT1触头断开KM1线圈失电KM1触头断开KT2线圈失电KT2触头断开电动机继续运转KM1KM2KM3KMKT1KT2KT3FU1FU2KHQSKH2023/2/4221834.电流继电器自动控制电路2023/2/423183L1L2L3FU1M3～3FU2KHSB2QSSB1KMKMKA1KM2KMR2R1KA2KHKA1KAKM3KA3R3KA3KM1KM1KM2KM3KA2KAKMKM1KM2KM3电路组成分析2023/2/424183L1L2L3FU1M3～3SB2SB1KMKMKA1KM2KMR2R1KA2KA1KAKM3KA3R3KA3KM1KM1KM2KM3KA2KAKMKM1KM2KM3合上QS按下SB1KM线圈得电FU2KHQSKH2023/2/425183L1L2L3FU1M3～3SB2SB1KMKMKA1KM2KMR2R1KA2KA1KAKM3KA3R3KA3KM1KM1KM2KM3KA2KAKMKM1KM2KM3KM触头闭合绕线转子串联全部电阻启动KＡ线圈得电FU2KHQSKH2023/2/426183L1L2L3FU1M3～3SB2SB1KMKMKA1KM2KMR2R1KA2KA1KAKM3KA3R3KA3KM1KM1KM2KM3KA2KAKMKM1KM2KM3KA动合触头闭合因启动电流大,KA1,KA2.KA3的动断触头断开,继续串联全部电阻启动FU2KHQSKH2023/2/427183L1L2L3FU1M3～3SB2SB1KMKMKA1KM2KMR2R1KA2KA1KAKM3KA3R3KA3KM1KM1KM2KM3KA2KAKMKM1KM2KM3因速度加快，电流减小，KA1欠电流,动断触头闭合KM1线圈得电KM1触头闭合串联R2,R3继续启动FU2KHQSKH2023/2/428183L1L2L3FU1M3～3SB2SB1KMKMKA1KM2KMR2R1KA2KA1KAKM3KA3R3KA3KM1KM1KM2KM3KA2KAKMKM1KM2KM3因速度再加快电流继续减小KA2欠电流,动断触头闭合KM2线圈得电KM2触头闭合串联R3继续启动FU2KHQSKH2023/2/429183L1L2L3FU1M3～3SB2SB1KMKMKA1KM2KMR2R1KA2KA1KAKM3KA3R3KA3KM1KM1KM2KM3KA2KAKMKM1KM2KM3因速度再加快电流继续减小KA3欠电流,动断触头闭合KM3线圈得电KM3触头闭合切除全部电阻全速运行FU2KHQSKH2023/2/430183二、转子绕组串联频敏变阻器启动控制线路频敏变阻器是一种阻抗值随频率明显变化、静止的无触点电磁元件。它实质上是一个铁心损耗非常大的三相电抗器。在电动机启动时，将频敏变阻器串接在转子绕组中，启动完毕短接切除频敏变阻器。2023/2/431183L1L2L3FU1FU2QSKM1KM1KM2RFKTKM2M3～KM1KHSB2SB1KTKM2KM2KM23电路组成分析KH2023/2/432183L1L2L3FU1KM1KM1KM2RFM3～SB2SB1KTKM2KM23合上QS按下SB1KM1线圈得电KT线圈得电KTKM2KM1KM2FU2QSKHKH2023/2/433183L1L2L3FU1KM1KM1KM2RFM3～SB2SB1KTKM2KM23KM1触头闭合电动机串联频敏电阻启动KTKM2KM1KM2FU2QSKHKH2023/2/434183L1L2L3FU1KM1KM1KM2RFM3～SB2SB1KTKM2KM23KT延时