基础语法从句篇课件

定语从句：用一个句子来做另外一个句子的定语。这是个地方。Thisistheinterestingplace.这是我将去参观的地方。Thisistheplace

whichIwillvisit.

先行词关系词关系代词（which/that/who/whom/those)

(when/where/why/whereby)关系词注意事项：关系词指代内容和先行词是一样的。关系词在做定语的句子中充当成分，构成一个完整的句子。1.定语从句和同位语从句的区分Hekepthispromisethathemadebeforehisparents.Hekepthispromisethathewouldlendmehiscomputer.Thenewsthatwewatchedontelevisionwasn’ttrue.Thenewsthatourwomen’svolleyballteamwonthechampionshiphasinspiredus.2.关系代词引导的定语从句：2.1.当先行词为物时，可用that/which来引导定语从句。Clockisakindofinstrumentwhich/thatcantellpeopletime.Thehousewhich/thatweboughtlastmonthisverynice.2.2.当先行词为人时，可用who/whom来引导定语从句。Ididn’tseethemanwhostolemybag.Mostpeoplewholiveinlessdevelopedcountryarequitepoor.Thisisthegirlwhom/whoImetinthestreet.Thepersonwhom/whoIwerespeakingtojustnowisourEnglishteacher.3.

介词+关系词引导的定语从句。3.1Whatisthecountrywhichyouaretravelingin?Whatisthecountryinwhichyouaretraveling?Peterisamanwhosewordyoumayrelyon.Peterisamanonwhosewordyoumayrely.Theteacherwhomyouwanttospeaktoismysister.Theteachertowhomyouwanttospeakismysister.Theagewhichyoungpeopleareallowedtodriveanyvehicleatshouldberaisedtoatleast21.Theageatwhichyoungpeopleareallowedtodriveanyvehicleshouldberaisedtoatleast21.3.2真题例句Butthesourcesofdistrustmaygodeeper.Mostjournalistslearntoseetheworldthroughasetofstandardpatternsintowhichtheyplugeachday’sevents.Televisionisoneofthemeansbywhichthesefeelingsarecreatedandconveyed—andperhapsneverbeforehasitservedsomuchtoconnectdifferentpeoplesandnationsasintherecenteventsinEurope.3.3Talkabout,speakto,livein,borrowfrom,waitfor等表达方式在定语从句中，介词最好提到关系词的前面。但像lookafter,lookfor,callon,longfor等表达方式，动词和介词不可拆分，介词不能前置。Thechancewhichwehavebeenlongingforhascomeatlast.LastSunday,theyreachedNanjingwhereaconferencewastobeheld.Itisoneofthefewcountrieswherepeopledriveontheleft.

4.3Why引导的定语从句：why在句中做原因状语。Doyouknowthereasonwhythereareheatlossesinasteamengine?Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhequarreledwithZhangLin.4.4Whereby引导的定语从句：where表示“凭借”，相当于bywhich.Hedevisedaplanwherebyhemightescape.Teachinghastraditionallybeenthemethodwherebymanyintellectualsearntheirliving.5.所有充当状语的关系副词都可以用“介词+which”来取代。IwillneverforgetthedaywhichIjoinedtheleagueon.IwillneverforgetthedayonwhichIjoinedtheleague.IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheleague.LastSunday,theyreachedNanjingwhichaconferencewastobeheldin.LastSunday,theyreachedNanjinginwhichaconferencewastobeheld.LastSunday,theyreachedNanjingwhereaconferencewastobeheld.Doyouknowthereasonwhichthereareheatlossesinasteamenginefor?Doyouknowthereasonforwhichthereareheatlossesinasteamengine?Doyouknowthereasonwhythereareheatlossesinasteamengine?Hedevisedaplanwhichhemightescapeby.Hedevisedaplanbywhichhemightescape.Hedevisedaplanwherebyhemightescape.

7.

7.1非限制性定语从句：从句与被修饰的名词之间必须用逗号隔开.一般来说，非限制性定语从句和限制性定语从句是可以互换的。Mr.Zhang,whocametoseemeyesterday,isanoldfriendofmine.Wewalkeddownthevillagestreet,wheretheywerehavingmarketday.ThisisourEnglishteacher,wholovesusandisverystrictwithus.Lookatthisbook,whichwasgiventomeasabirthdaygift.7.2非限制性定语从句和限制性定语从句最根本的区别在于前者可以用which来引导一个句子。Hewaslateforclass,whichmadeourteacherveryangry.Hestudieshardatschoolwhenhewasyoung,whichcontributestohissuccessinlaterlife.HeseemsnottohavegraspedwhatImeant,whichgreatlyupsetsmeLiquidwaterchangestovapor,whichiscalledevaporation.8.特殊关系词引导的定语从句8.1as引导的限制性定语从句。主要用在such…as…,thesame…as…,as…as…等固定结构中。在thesame…as…中，as也可以用that来代替。Ineverheardsuchstoriesashetold.Thesungivesusmuchenergyeveryminuteasmankindutilizesinayear.ThemostimportantforcesbehindthemassiveM＆Awavearethesamethatunderlinetheglobalizationprocess.Jailfailedtheimportanttest,which(as)isunexpected.Theteacheroftenscoldshisstudentsinpublic,whichIdon’tlikeatall.9.定语从句中的插入语。先行词和定语从句之间有时会插入别的成分，构成先行词与定语从句的隔离。插入语的使用主要是为了保持句子平衡。

ThefilmbroughtthehoursbacktomewhenIwastakengoodcareofinthatfarawayvillage.ThefilmbroughtthehourswhenIwastakengoodcareofinthatfarawayvillage/backtome

Somesensorsarebeingdevelopedwhichwillrevealagreatdealmoreaboutourrealworld.Itcanbepredicted,however,thatfromtimetotimequestionswillarisewhichwillrequirespecificscientificanswers.1.宾语从句：用一个句子来做另外一个句子的宾语。Icanrememberit.Icanrememberthatheputforwardlotifsuggestionsforthisissue.2.宾语从句除了可以跟在动词后面，也可以跟在介词后面。2.1

不及物动词跟宾语Wedon’tagreewithwhathejustsaid.Itdependsonwhethershewillrejecttheproposalornot.2.2直接宾语和间接宾语。Igivehim

abook.

直接宾语间接宾语Igiveabooktohim.Igiveabooktowhoeverwantsit.3.that引导的宾语从句。Sheclaimedthatshewouldbetherightpersontoinheritthefamilyfortune.Doyourememberallthoseyearswhenscientistsarguedthatsmokingwouldkillusbutthedoubtersinsistedthatwedidn’tknowforsure?4.What引导的定语从句。Now，Iwilldescribewhatshehasachievedinthisacademicfield.Thetestisintendedtoreinforcewhatyouhavelearnedinthepastfewweeks.Iwillgivethisdictionarytowhoever(anyonewho)wantstohaveit.Wearereadytoofferhelptowhoever(anyonewho)needsit.7.其它连词引导的宾语从句。Thesecomputersrecordwhichhoursarebusiestandwhichemployersarethemostefficient.Iamnotsurewhysherefusedtheirinvitation.Thatdependsonwhereweshallgo.Hehasinformedmehowfarmankindwillbeabletosolvetheseproblems.Butitdoesmeanrecognizinghowimportanttheycanbeinbuildingtheenergyandtelecominfrastructuresneededtotakefulladvantageoftheinternet.(真题）8.宾语从句中的插入语，目的也是为了句子结构平衡。ActuallyweknowfromthedrawingwhichGalileomadeofsunspotsthattheremusthavebeenquitealotofthematthetimeofhisobservationsintheyearsof1611and1612.Actuallyweknowthattheremusthavebeenquitealotofthematthetimeofhisobservationsintheyearsof1611and1612fromthedrawingwhichGalileomadeofsunspots.9.宾语从句要采用陈述语序。Shewonderedwhetherwouldhebeabletoattainthegoalofreconcilingthetwoparties'differences?3.that引导的表语从句。

theclearmessageisthatweshouldgetmovingtoprotectourselves.4.what引导的表语从句

thatiswhatIhaveseen.5.as/asif引导的表语从句。

thingsarenotalwaysasthemseemtobe.heisnolongerasheusedtobe.itlooksasifthehousehasbeenvacantforquitesometime.itlooksasifhehadgrewagedinjustonehour.6.其它连词引导的表语从句。

thequestioniswhet