小学英语情态动词知识点与练习题

情态动词【知识要点】:情态动词(Modalverbs)本身有一定的词义，表示语气的单词。但是不能独立作谓语，只能和动词原形一起构成谓语。情态动词用在行为动词前，表示说话人对这一动作或状态的看法或主观设想。情态动词虽然数量不多，但用途广泛，主要有下列：can(could),may(might),must,need,oughtto,dare(dared),shall(should),will(would)mustnot.情态动词无人称和数的变化，情态动词后面跟的动词须用原形，否定式构成是在情态动词后面加"not"。疑问形式是将情态动词提至主语前。个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式，过去式用来表达更加客气，委婉的语气，时态性不强，可用于过去，现在或将来。情态动词属非及物动词，故没有被动语态。

1原形过去式同义词组cancouldbeabletomaymightmustmust(hadto)has/havetohavetohadtomusthadbetterhadbetter可以是实意动词和情态动词,主要用十否定.疑问词句中r在肯定句中是实意动词needneededdaredaredshallshouldoughttowillwouldoughttooughttoshould【典型例题】：【专题一】：can和could的用法【例1】Canyouliftthisheavybox?（体力）【解析】表示能力（体力、知识、技能）【练习】.Maryspeakthreelanguages.（^^）.you531©?（技能）此时可用beableto代替。Can只有一般现在时和一般过去式;而beableto则有更多的时态。I’llnotbeabletocomethisafternoon.当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事''时应用beableto,不能用Can。【例2】 CanIgonow? Yes,youcan./No,youcan’t.【解析】表示请求和允许。此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could,might代替,不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。【练习】——Icometoseeyoutomorrow?——Yes,you.——No,you/I,mafraidnot.[例3]Canthisbetrue?【解析】表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度）,用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。【练习】This bedonebyhim.How thisbetrue?【专题二】may和might的用法：【例1】——Might/MayIsmokeinthisroom?——No,youmustn’t.【解析】表示请求和允许。might比may语气更委婉,而不是过去式。否定回答时可用can't或mustn't,表示“不可以,禁止”。用乂2丫I...?征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用CanL..?在口语中更常见。【练习】—— Itakethisbookoutoftheroom?——Yes,you.No,you[例2]Mayyousucceed!【解析】用于祈使句，表示祝愿。[例3]Hemay/mightbeverybusynow.

僚析】表示推测、可能性（不用于疑问句）。might不是过去式,它所表示的可能性比may小。【练习】.Yourmothernotknowthetruth..He verybusynow.他现在可能很忙。【专题三】must和haveto的用法：【例1】Themanbeourteacher。那个人一定是我们的老师。【例2】Istudyhardbecauseofmydream.为了我的梦想我必须努力学习。【例3【例3】1.Youcomeintime.你必须准时过来【解析】：must表示必须、必要。表示主观对事物的推测时，意为想必、一定,只用于肯定句中;表推测时，情态动词与动词原形（常为be动词）连用。而haveto强调客观需要。【练习】：.Herplayisboring,Igonow..Yourmotherbewaitingforyounow..Igohome,becausemyfatherisill.【例4】——Mustwehandinourexercisebookstoday?——Yes,you——No,you【解析】：在回答由must引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustn’t,而用needn’t,don’thaveto.must是说话人的主观看法，而haveto则强调客观需要。【练习】：---Musthegotoschoolnow?---Yes,he—No,he .【专题四】should及其否定式用法【例1】：Ishouldhelpherbecausesheisintrouble.【解析】：should表示应该、劝告、建议和命令。【练习】：Yougotoclassrightaway.Iopenthewindow?【专题四】口6©4的用法【例1】：Youneedn’tcomesoearly.【解析】need作情态动词用时，常用于疑问句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must,haveto,oughtto,should代替【练习】——NeedIfinishtheworktoday?——Yes,you/No,you【专题五】should的用法［例1］Ishouldhelpherbecausesheisintrouble.【解析】should表示应该【练习］Youtakecareofthebaby.［例2］Youshouldgotoclassrightaway.［解析］表示劝告、建议和命令。在疑问句中常用should。［练习］ Iopenthewindow?［专题六］will和would的用法［例1］Iwilldoanythingforyou.【解析］表示询问，请求，将要。【练习］1.youpassmethebook?2.Shegotothelibrary.[例2]wouldyoutellmethewaytotheschool?【解析】表示过去的意愿或委婉提问自我检测（一）用适当的情态动词填空。MustIborrowthebookwithmyIDcard?No,youIuseyourcar?Yes,youIgohomenow?No,youstayhereandwaitfortheteacher.Mymotherisill.Istayathomeandlookafterher.sendanemailtomyfriend.Youtakemoreexercise.youtellmehowtogettothePark?Wehelpeachother.youliketogofishingwithme?weplayfootballthisafternoon?（二）按要求改写句子。canrunfast.（否定句）I fast..Youmustreturnthebooknow.（一般疑问句）Ireturnthebooknow?No,you..Hecanplaybasketballwell.（一般疑问句）Hebasketballwell?.Theymusttakethebooksoutoftheroom.（否定句）They thebooksoutoftheroom..Hewillgetupearly.（否定句）Hegetupearly.㈢选择题。ItoldSallyhowtogethere,butperhapsIforher.A.hadtowriteitout B.musthavewrittenitoutC.shouldhavewrittenitouD.oughttowriteitout—Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecarbuttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.—Itacomfortablejourney.A.can’tbe B.shouldn’tbeC.mustn’thavebeenD.couldn,thavebeenIt’snearlyseveno’clock.Jackbehereatanymoment.A.mustB.needC.shouldD.canJohnny,youplaywiththeknife,youhurtyourself.A.won't;can,tB.mustn't;mayC.shouldn't;mustD.can,t;shouldn'tThefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryonegetout.A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasableto—WhencanIcomeforthephotos?Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon.—Theybereadyby12:00.

A.canB.shouldC.mightD.needA.canB.shouldC.mightD.need—IstayedatahotelwhileinNewYork.一Oh,didyou?YouwithBarbara.A.couldhavestayedB.couldstayC.wouldstay D.musthavestayed—AreyoucomingtoJeff’sparty?一I’mnotsure.Igototheconcertinstead.A.must B.wouldC.shouldD.mightIwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.Youhomewithoutaword.A.mustn’tleave B.shouldn’thaveleftC.couldn’thaveleft D.needn'tleave—IsJohncomingbytrain?—Heshould,buthenot.Helikesdrivinghiscar.A.mustB.canC.need D.mayAleft-luggageofficeisaplacewherebagsbeleftforashorttime,especiallyatarailwaystation.A.shouldB.canC.must D.willIwonderhowhethattotheteacher.A.daretosay B.daresayingC.notdaresay D.daredsayWhenhewasthere,hegotothatcoffeeshopatthecornerafterworkeveryday.A.wouldB.shouldC.hadbetterD.mightIthasbeenannouncedthatcandidatesremainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.A.can B.will C.may D.shallHowyousaythatyoureallyunderstandthewholestoryifyouhavecoveredonlyapartofthearticle?A.can B.must C.need D.may—Ihearyou’vegotasetofvaluableAustraliancoin.Ihavealook?-Yes,certainly.A.Do B.May C.Shall D.Should•答案解析•must㈠、l.needn’t/don’thaveto2.Cancan3.Maymust4.haveto5.will 6.should7.can/could8.must/should9.Would10.can（二）1.Can’trun2.Mustneedn’t3.Canplay4.can’ttake5.wouldn’t（三）1.Co“oughtto/shouldhave+过去分词”表示后悔当初该做但却没做某事。“…也许我本该把详细地址写给她的。”Do“couldn’thave+过去分词”表示对过去情况的推测。既然小汽车上“已有五人”，且是“设法”才把你带去的，如此拥挤，旅途当然“不可能”舒服。Conearly暗示“时间不早了”，Jack"按理应当（should）随时（atanymomen