2021届高考英语外刊作文素材阅读讲义058

2021届高考英语外刊作文素材阅读讲义058GraduateunemploymentSpringfreezeMillionsofstudentsbracefOrjoblessness.Thegovernmentisanxious,too“GRADUATIONEQUALSunemployment”haslongbeenacommonsayinginChina(thenounsshareacharacter).Itisoftenusedinjestbyuniversitystudentsasfinalexamsloom.Butforthe9morsoduetograduateinJune—arecordhigh—thewordsconveyadarkreality.AsChinalimpsbacktoworkaftercovid-19,theirjobprospectsaretrulybleak.Theywillentertheworkforceasprospectiveemployersmulllay-offsorhiringfreezes.Foramiddleclassusedtorelentlesslystrongeconomicgrowth,theshockwillbegreat.Asitsurveysaneconomyravagedbythedisease,theleadership,sbiggestworryisunemployment.InFebruarytheurbanjoblessrate jumpedto6.2%,thehighestever.InMarchitfellslightlyto5.9%asbusinessesreopened.Butofficialfiguresmaskthescaleoftheproblem.Urbanunemploymentcouldreach10%thisyear,reckonstheEconomistIntelligenceUnit,asistercompanyofTheEconomist.Andthatdoesnotincludethetensofmillionsofmigrantswhosatouttheepidemicintheirancestralvillages.Manyofthemnowhavenojobstoreturntointhecities.China,sleadersdescribetheproblemofgraduateunemploymentasamatterof“paramountimportance”.Inrecentdaysuniversityofficialsaroundthecountryhavebeenholdingmeetingstodiscusshowtoensurethatasmanyaspossiblefindjobs.Theyhaveoftenusedsimilarlanguage,stressingthe“urgency”ofthis“politicaltask”relatingto“socialstability”.Joblessmigrantsmakeofficialsanxious,too.Butthepartyfretsmoreaboutthreatsinvolvingbetter-educatedpeoplewithurbanrootsandstrongsocialnetworks.LastyearjustoverhalfofentrantstoChina,surbanworkforcewereuniversitygraduates.Usuallyabout60%ofthemwouldbehiredbysmall-andmedium-sizedenterprises.Butsuchfirmshavebeenamongthosehardest-hitbythecoronavirus.OnApril14thLiKeqiang,theprimeminister,toldhiscabinetthatthesituationforthisyear,sgraduateswas“grim”.Companiesnormallybeginscouringcampusesforrecruitssoonafterthespring-festivalholiday(anotherbighiringroundtakesplaceintheautumn).Thistime,however,withuniversitiesshutandbiggatheringsbanned,theentireprocesswas“wipedout"，saysabusinessveteran.Someemployershavegonedigital,usingvideointerviewsandonlinetests.Butmany,reelingfromtheimpactofworkstoppagesandstill-tepidconsumerdemand,havecuthiring.Asurveyof1mcompaniesbyPekingUniversity,sGuanghuaSchoolofManagementandZhaopin,ajob-searchwebsite,foundtherewere30%feweropeningsinthefirstquartercomparedwithlastyear.Thoseforfreshgraduatesinfinancefellbymorethan50%thisspring,accordingtoBossZhipin,anotherrecruitmentwebsite-evenasthenumberoffinal-yearstudentssearchingforajobrosebyhalf.Withlesscompetition,firmsthatarestillhiringcanpickthebestandbrightest.Buttheyarealsolikelytoplumpforoldhandsratherthantrainees.Competitionforgraduatejobshadalreadygrownfierceinrecentyears,particularlyforthemostprestigiouspositions.Nowitiscut-throat.MiriamZhang,agraduatefromWeifang,acityinthenorthernprovinceofShandong,hassentout100applicationsinthepasttwomonthsandgotresponsesonlytosix.Onejob,sheheard,hadattracted3,000hopefuls.Atleasttheepidemichashelpfully“weededout“weakordodgycompanies,MsZhangnotes.Sheisnowkeenerthanevertogethiredbyabigfirm,andismainlysearchingforopeningsatstate-ownedcompanies.InasurveybyChinaYouthDaily,anofficialnewspaper,morethan60%ofrespondentssaidcovid-19hadsteeredthemtowards“morestable"work.Tomanythatmeansfindinganemployerwithlinkstothegovernment.Officialsaretryingtosatisfysuchdemand.Theyhavepromisedmoreopeningsinthecivilservice(notleastinruralareas)aswellasinthearmy.Theyhavedirectedstate-ownedbusinessestoboosttheirrecruitmentofnewgraduates.Sinopec,anoilgiant,ishiringanother3,500ontopofthe6,600-oddithasalreadytakenon一themostpeopleithaseversignedupinayear.Otherstate-ownedfirmsarealsotakingonrecordnumbers.TheyaregivingpreferencetograduatesfromHubeiprovince,wheretheoutbreakbegan.(ThisisinresponsetoanappealfromthecentralgovernmentthatfirmsshouldstopdiscriminatingagainstHubeiresidents,whoareoftentreatedwithsuspicionbecauseoftheirprovince,sreputationasacovid-19disasterzone.)Thegovernmenthasalsotolduniversitiestoofferanadditional200,000placesforgraduatestudies.Untilrecently,job-huntinginvolvingintercitytravelwashamperedbyquarantine-relatedrestrictions.Eventhoughsuchmeasureshavebeeneasedinmostplaces,hasslesremain.WangZheqi,whoismeanttograduatethisyearinShanghai,hadhopedtouseherdormroomasabaseforjob-hunting.Insteadsheisstuckinherhometownbecauseheruniversityisstillclosedandshecannotaffordoff-campusaccommodationinShanghai.Studentsdidnothavetosearchforjobsuntilthe1990s.Insteadtheyhadtotakepositions assignedtothembythegovernment.Asaresultofcovid-19,officialsaregettingmoreinvolvedinfindingworkforstudentsthantheyhavebeensincethosedays.XinchaoMedia,anadvertisingcompany,saysthatthegovernmentofChengdu,thesouth-westerncitywherethefirmisheadquartered,hasofferedtorecommendgraduatesforitsjobopenings.ThecityofBeijing,amongothers,haslaunchedarecruitmentwebsiteforpeoplepreparingtograduate.Manygovernmentsarealsorewardingfirmsthathiregraduates.InShanghai,thedistrictofPudongisofferingthemsubsidiesandreducedsocial-securitypaymentsworthupto2,000yuan($282)foreachlocalgraduatetheytakeon.Othersaregivingrefundsonsocial-securitycontributionstocompaniesthatdonotlayoffworkers.Thegovernmentisrighttoworryaboutsocialstability.Well-educatedyoungpeoplehavebeen inthevanguardofmanyofChina,sbiggestprotestmovementsofthepastcentury.StudentswhosefuturesarecloudedbytheunaffordabilityofhousingandcompetitionforjobswithimmigrantsfromtheChinesemainlandwereattheforefrontoflastyear,sunrestinHongKong.AsthecovidcrisissubsidesinChina,socialtensionsarebecomingmoreevident.HundredsofshopownersrecentlytooktothestreetsofthesoutherncityofGuangzhouanddozensgatheredoutsideamallinWuhan,thecapitalofHubei,todemandrentdeductionsafterweeksofunemployment.(Videosoftheprotestswereswiftlyremovedfromtheinternet.)Graduatingatatimeofsucheconomichardshipcouldbemorethanjustatemporarysetback.Studiesshowthatitcanhave“ahugeimpact”onlifetimeearnings,saysLiJinoftheUniversityofHongKong.Thatisbecausemanywillgointoadifferentlineofworkfromtheonetheyhadhopedtopursue,andforlowerpay.Innormaltimes,accordingtoZhaopin,athirdofChinesegraduatesaimtoearnbetween6,000and8,000yuanamonthintheirfirstjobs,butfewerthanoneinfiveendupdoingso.Theirdisappointmentwillbefargreaterthisyear-andmaylastwellbeyondit.翻译和笔记GraduateunemploymentspringfreezeMillionsofstudentsbraceforjoblessness.Thegovernmentisanxious,too毕业即失业春寒几百万大学生面临失业。政府也很焦虑•brace/breis/（使）作好准备•togetreadyforsomethingunpleasant•braceyourselfforsth•Ibracedmyselffortheresultsofmybloodtest.•我作好准备接受我验血的结果。••joblessnessn.失业；无活可干“GRADUATIONEQUALSunemployment”haslongbeenacommonsayinginChina（thenounsshareacharacter）.Itisoftenusedinjestbyuniversitystudentsasfinalexamsloom.Butforthe9morsoduetograduateinJune—arecordhigh—thewordsconveyadarkreality.AsChinalimpsbacktoworkaftercovid-19,theirjobprospectsaretrulybleak.Theywillentertheworkforceasprospectiveemployersmulllay-offsorhiringfreezes.Foramiddleclassusedtorelentlesslystrongeconomicgrowth,theshockwillbegreat. 长期以来中国一直流传着“毕业即失业”的说法。最后的期末考临近时，大学生们常用这句话来自我调侃。但对于即将在6月毕业的约900万（人数创历史新高）大学生来说，它反映的却是灰暗的现实。新冠肺炎过后，中国企业复工步履维艰，毕业生的就业前景委实堪忧。在他们进入劳动力市场的当口，雇主们却在考虑裁员或暂停招聘。对于习惯了经济持续强劲增长的中产阶级来说，打击将是巨大的。Graduationequalsunemployment.毕业即失业。直流传着……的说法sthhaslongbeenacommonsayingin...长期以来在直流传着……的说法character中国汉字injest开玩笑地；闹着玩地ifyousaysomethinginjest,youdonotmeanitseriouslyfinalexams期末考试loom（不愉快或麻烦的事）降临，逼近ifsomethingunpleasantordifficultlooms,itseemslikelytohappensoonThegovernmentisplayingdownthenotionthatacrisisislooming.政府轻描淡写地对待有危机逼近的说法。orso大约，大概usedtosaythatanumber,amount,etc.,isnotexactdueadj预定，预期expectedtohappenorarriveataparticulartimeduetodosthTheteamareduetoflytoItalynextmonth.该球队预定下个月要飞往意大利。arecordhigh创历史新高limp/limp/艰难地移动；艰难地继续生存tomoveorcontinueexistingwithdifficultyTheyachtislimpingtowardstheisland.游艇挣扎着驶向岛屿。jobprospects就业前景bleak/bli:k/没有希望的；令人沮丧的withoutanythingtomakeyoufeelhappyorhopefulableakfUture/prospectbleak.bleak.公司仍然希望找到买家，但前景渺茫。entertheworkforce进入劳动力市场mull/mal/认真琢磨，反复思考tothinkaboutaproblem,planetcforalongtimebeforemakingadecisionHe,smullingovertheproposalsbeforemakinganychanges.作变动之前他在反复考虑这些建议。hiringfreeze停止招聘relentlessly/ri'lentlisli/adv不间断地Hequestionedherrelentlessly.他不停地追问她。Asitsurveysaneconomyravagedbythedisease,theleadership,sbiggestworryisunemployment.InFebruarytheurbanjoblessratejumpedto6.2%,thehighestever.InMarchitfellslightlyto5.9%asbusinessesreopened.Butofficialfiguresmaskthescaleoftheproblem.Urbanunemploymentcouldreach10%thisyear,reckonstheEconomistIntelligenceUnit,asistercompanyofTheEconomist.Andthatdoesnotincludethetensofmillionsofmigrantswhosatouttheepidemicintheirancestralvillages.Manyofthemnowhavenojobstoreturntointhecities. 中国领导人在审视受新冠肺炎重创的经济时，最大的担忧就是失业问题。 2月，城镇失业率跃升至6.2%，创历史新高。随着3月企业陆续复工，失业率小幅下降至 5.9%。但官方数据未反映出问题的严重性。据本刊的姊妹公司经济学人智库估计，今年的城镇失业率可能达到 10%。这还不包括数千万在老家坐等疫情结束的农民工，如今他们中的许多人就算回到城市也找不到工作。•survey审视；仔细考虑•tolookatorconsidersomeoneorsomethingcarefully,especiallyinordertoformanopinionaboutthemTheygotoutofthecartosurveythedamage.他们下车查看受损情况。ravage/'r田vid§/严重毁坏，摧毁todamagesomethingverybadlyacountryravagedbycivilwar遭受内战重创的国家jumpto跃升fallslightlyto小幅下降至businessesreopen企业复工mask掩饰，隐瞒，掩盖tohideyourfeelingsorthetruthaboutasituationMenoftenmasktheirtruefeelingswithhumour.男人常常用幽默来掩饰他们真实的情感。scale（尤指大的事物的）大小，规模thesizeofsomething,especiallywhenitisbigIstheGovernmentawareofthefullscaleoftheproblem?政府意识到了问题的严重程度吗？rekon估算，估计toguessanumberoramount,withoutcalculatingitexactlyWereckonthatsittingintrafficjamscostsusaround$9billionayearinlostoutput.我们估计，交通堵塞造成的延误使我们每年损失 90亿美元左右的产值。sistercompany姊妹公司tensofmillionsof数千万的sitsthout一直等到（尤指无聊或不快之事）结束tostaywhereyouareanddonothinguntilsomethingfinishes,especiallysomethingboringorunpleasantShewaspreparedtositouttheyearsofJack,sjailsentence.她准备熬过那些年直到杰克刑满释放。ancestral/田n'sestnl/ 祖先的；祖传的of,belongingto,inheritedfrom,ordenotinganancestororancestorsthefamily'sancestralhome这一家族的祖籍China,sleadersdescribetheproblemofgraduateunemploymentasamatterof“paramountimportance”.Inrecentdaysuniversityofficialsaroundthecountryhavebeenholdingmeetingstodiscusshowtoensurethatasmanyaspossiblefindjobs.Theyhaveoftenusedsimilarlanguage,stressingthe“urgency”ofthis“politicaltask”relatingto“socialstability”.Joblessmigrantsmakeofficialsanxious,too.Butthepartyfretsmoreaboutthreatsinvolvingbetter-educatedpeoplewithurbanrootsandstrongsocialnetworks.中国领导人将大学毕业生就业称作“至关重要”的问题。最近，全国各地的高校官员一直在开会，讨论如何确保让尽可能多的毕业生找到工作。他们的措辞大多雷同，强调这项关系到“社会稳定”的“政治任务”的“紧迫性”。农民工失业问题也让政府官员焦虑。但更让共产党担心的还是那些来自城市、有着强大社会关系网络、受过良好教育的人失业所构成的威胁。paramount/'p®rsmaont/至高无上的，最重要的moreimportantthananythingelseDuringawartheinterestsofthestateareparamount,andthoseoftheindividualcomelast.战争时期国家利益是首要的，个人利益置于最后。holdmeetings举办会议stress强调fret烦恼，发愁[+about/over]toworryaboutsomething,especiallywhenthereisnoneedShe,salwaysfrettingaboutthechildren.她老是为孩子发愁。LastyearjustoverhalfofentrantstoChina,surbanworkforcewereuniversitygraduates.Usuallyabout60%ofthemwouldbehiredbysmall-andmedium-sizedenterprises.Butsuchfirmshavebeenamongthosehardest-hitbythecoronavirus.OnApril14thLiKeqiang,theprimeminister,toldhiscabinetthatthesituationforthisyear,sgraduateswas“grim”.去年，中国城镇新增就业人口中高校毕业生所占比例刚刚过半。他们中通常有大约 60%的人会进入中小企业。但这类公司是受疫情打击最严重的部门之一。4月14日，李克强总理在国务院常务会议上指出，今年毕业生的就业形势“严峻”。entrant/'entrsnt/进入者；参加者apersonorgroupthatenters,joins,ortakespartinsomethingAishardest-hitbyBA受B打击最严重cabinet/'k&binst/内阁acabinetmeeting内阁会议grim令人不快的；令人沮丧的；使人忧虑的grimnews,situations,oreventsareunpleasantandmakeyoufeelupsetandworriedthegrimrealityofunemployment令人忧虑的失业现状Companiesnormallybeginscouringcampusesforrecruitssoonafterthespring-festivalholiday(anotherbighiringroundtakesplaceintheautumn).Thistime,however,withuniversitiesshutandbiggatheringsbanned,theentireprocesswas“wipedout”,saysabusinessveteran.通常，企业会在春节后不久开始校园招聘（另一轮大规模招聘在秋季）。然而，一位商界资深人士表示,这次由于大学校园关闭、大型聚集性活动被禁，整个校园招聘环节 “荡然无存”。scour/'skag（r）/（彻底地）搜寻，翻找，搜查tosearchverycarefullyandthoroughlythroughanarea,adocumentetcscoursthforsthHerfamilybegantoscourthecountrysideforasuitablehouse.她的家里人开始在乡村寻找合适的房子。recruit/ri'kru:t/新成员anewmemberofanorganization,especiallysomeonewhohasrecentlyjoinedShe,sresponsiblefortrainingnewrecruits.她负责训练新成员。round轮，轮次aroundofeventsisaseriesofrelatedevents,whicharepartofalongerprocesstheGovernment,slatestroundofexpenditurecuts政府最近一次的削减支出wipesb/sthout彻底毁灭；勾销；去除，抹去todestroy,remove,orgetridofsomethingcompletelyWholevillageswerewipedoutbythefloods.整个整个的村庄被洪水吞没。abusinessveteran 一位商界资深人士Someemployershavegonedigital,usingvideointerviewsandonlinetests.Butmany,reelingfromtheimpactofworkstoppagesandstill-tepidconsumerdemand,havecuthiring.Asurveyof1mcompaniesbyPekingUniversity'sGuanghuaSchoolofManagementandZhaopin,ajob-searchwebsite,foundtherewere30%feweropeningsinthefirstquartercomparedwithlastyear.Thoseforfreshgraduatesinfinancefellbymorethan50%thisspring,accordingtoBossZhipin,anotherrecruitmentwebsite-evenasthenumberoffinal-yearstudentssearchingforajobrosebyhalf.Withlesscompetition,firmsthatarestillhiringcanpickthebestandbrightest.Buttheyarealsolikelytoplmpforoldhandsratherthantrainees.一些雇主已经开始采用视频面试和在线考试等数字化手段。但受停工和消费需求仍然不温不火的影响，许多企业削减了招聘。北京大学光华管理学院和求职网站智联招聘调查了 100万家公司后发现，今年第一季度的岗位空缺比去年同期减少了30%。另一家招聘网站Boss直聘的数据显示，今年春季金融行业中面向应届生的岗位空缺数下降了超过 50%——而求职的应届毕业生人数却增加了一半。在竞争减少的情况下，仍在招聘的公司大可掐尖录用人才。但它们也很可能选择有工作经验的人，而不是新手。videointerviews视频面试reelfrom震惊；迷惑tofeelveryshocked,upset,orconfusedThebankswerereelingfromtheunexpectedlylargelosses.银行对意外的巨额亏损感到震惊。workstoppages停工tepid/tepd/不热烈的，不热情的showinglittleenthusiasmTheapplausewastepid.掌声稀稀落落。still-tepid仍然不温不火的PekingUniversity’sGuanghuaSchoolofManagement北京大学光华管理学院opening空缺的职位freshgraduates/final-yearstudents应届毕业生fallby下降了

riseby增加了recruitmentwebsite招聘网站plumpforsth/sb（经过仔细考虑后）选择，选定tochoosesomethingorsomeoneafterthinkingcarefullyaboutitFinallyweplumpedforabottleofchampagne.最后我们选了一瓶香槟酒。oldhand老手apersonwithalotofexperienceinsomethingTheexaminerisanoldhandatthegame.考官是此行的老手。trainee/tre'ni/n.实习生hopefuls.近年毕业生的就业竞争本Competitionforgraduatejobshadalreadygrownfierceinrecentyears,particularlyforthemostprestigiouspositions.Nowitiscut-throat.MiriamZhang,agraduatefromWeifang,acityinthenorthernprovinceofShandong,hassentouthopefuls.近年毕业生的就业竞争本已变得非常激烈，尤其是围绕那些知名公司的职位。如今竞争已呈白热化。山东潍坊的毕业生米利亚姆•张在过去两个月里发出了100份求职信，只收到了六个回覆。她听说有一个职位吸引了3000个求职者。cut-throat/'kAtOrot/竞争激烈的；无情的acut-throatactivityorbusinessinvolvespeoplecompetingwitheachotherinanunpleasantwayCut-throatcompetitioniskeepingpriceslow.激烈的竞争使价格保持在低水平。sendoutapplications 发出求职信hopeful可能（或希望）成功的人apersonlikelyorhopingtosucceedpromotionhopefulsHuddersfield有望晋升的人哈德斯菲尔德fierce/fis/猛烈的；激烈的afiercedebate激烈的辩论fiercecompetitionbetweenthecompanies 公司之间的激烈竞争prestigious/pre'stid3s/受人尊敬的；有威望的admiredandrespectedbypeopleaprestigiousschool/institution/literaryprize•享有盛名的学校/机构/文学奖Atleasttheepidemichashelpfully“weededout”weakordodgycompanies,MsZhangnotes.Sheisnowkeenerthanevertogethiredbyabigfirm,andismainlysearchingforopeningsatstate-ownedcompanies.InasurveybyChinaYouthDaily,anofficialnewspaper,morethan60%ofrespondentssaidcovid-19hadsteeredthemtowards“morestable”work.Tomanythatmeansfindinganemployerwithlinkstothegovernment. 张同学指出，这场流行病至少帮助“剔除”了实力不济或不可靠的公司。她现在比以往更加渴望进入大公司，她的求职目标大多是国有企业。官方报刊《中国青年报》的一项调查显示，超过 60%的受访者表示，新冠肺炎让他们趋向于选择“更稳定的”工作。对很多人来说，这意味着要找一个有政府背景的用人单位。•weedsb/sthout淘汰（不合格的人或物）•togetridofpeopleorthingsthatarenotverygood•Theresearchwillhelpgovernmentstoweedoutineffectiveaidschemes.•这项研究将会帮助政府废除无效的援助计划。dodgy/'dnd31/不诚实的；违法的；不可靠的•dishonest,criminal,ornotreliable•adodgybuilder不诚实的建筑商state-ownedcompanies 国有企业steer引导，指导（某人的行为）toguidesomeone,sbehaviourorthewayasituationdevelopssteersbtowards/awayfrom/throughetcsthTeacherstrytosteerpupilsawayfromdrugs.教师试图引导学生远离毒品。note特别提到；指出tomentionsomethingbecauseitisimportantorinterestingThejudgenotedthatMillerhadnopreviouscriminalrecord.法官指出米勒没有犯罪前科。keen热衷的，渴望的，热切的wantingtodosomethingorwantingsomethingtohappenverymuchkeentodosthHetoldmethathewaskeentohelp.他告诉我说他很想帮忙。Officialsaretryingtosatisfysuchdemand.Theyhavepromisedmoreopeningsinthecivilservice(notleastinruralareas)aswellasinthearmy.Theyhavedirectedstate-ownedbusinessestoboosttheirrecruitmentofnewgraduates.Sinopec,anoilgiant,ishiringanother3,500ontopofthe6,600-oddithasalreadytakenon-themostpeopleithaseversignedupinayear.Otherstate-ownedfirmsarealsotakingonrecordnumbers.TheyaregivingpreferencetograduatesfromHubeiprovince,wheretheoutbreakbegan.（ThisisinresponsetoanappealfromthecentralgovernmentthatfirmsshouldstopdiscriminatingagainstHubeiresidents,whoareoftentreatedwithsuspicionbecauseoftheirprovince’sreputationasac09iiisasterzone.）Thegovernmenthasalsotolduniversitiestoofferanadditional200,000placesforgraduatestudies.政府官员正努力满足这种需求。他们已承诺增加公务员（尤其是农村地区）以及部队岗位。他们指示国有企业扩大应届毕业生的招聘规模。石油巨头中石化在已经聘用了 6600多人的基础上正追加招聘3500人，创单年入职员工数新高。其他国有企业接纳的毕业生人数也创下纪录。它们还优先考虑来自疫情爆发地湖北的毕业生。（这是响应中央要求企业不得歧视湖北籍人员的号召。由于湖北是新冠肺炎的重灾区，人们对湖北籍人员往往存有戒心。）政府还要求大学扩招 20万名研究生。•civilservice公务员••notleast尤其是•especiallyorparticularly•Wehadmanythingstoconsider,notleastthesafetyofourchildren.••boosttheirrecruitmentofnewgraduates扩大应届毕业生的招聘规模••oilgiant石油巨头••ontopof除了…之外（还）inadditiontosomethingelseOntopofallhisfinancialproblems,hiswifelefthim.20-odd/30-oddetc20多一点/30多一点等alittlemorethan20etcIhaveanother20-oddyearstoworkbeforeIretire.我还要工作20多年才退休。takeon雇佣，招聘tostarttoemploysomeoneWe’renotakingonanynewstaffatthemoment.signup签约雇佣，聘用givepreferenceto 优先考虑discriminateagainst歧视sbisoftentreatedwithsuspicion人们对 往往存有戒心offeranadditional200,000placesforgraduatestudies扩招20万名研究生Untilrecently,job-huntinginvolvingintercitytravelwashamperedbyquarantine-relatedrestrictions.Eventhoughsuchmeasureshavebeeneasedinmostplaces,hasslesremain.WangZheqi,whoismeanttograduatethisyearinShanghai,hadhopedtouseherdormroomasabaseforjob-hunting.Insteadsheisstuckinherhometownbecauseheruniversityisstillclosedandshecannotaffordoff-campusaccommodationinShanghai. 直到最近，跨城求职受到了隔离相关限制的影响。尽管这类限制在大多数地方已经放松，但仍存在各种不便。在上海读书的王哲琦（音译）本该今年毕业，她曾想把自己的宿舍作为求职时的落脚点。但现在她被困在了家乡，因为大学还没开学，她也负担不起在上海的校外住宿。•intercity/intn'siti/adj.城市间的••hamper/'h^mpo/阻碍；妨碍•topreventsomethingfromhappeningorprogressingnormally•Thesearchwashamperedbyheavysnowfall.•搜寻工作因天降大雪而受阻。••ease减轻；缓解•ifsomethingunpleasanteases,orifyoueaseit,itgraduallyimprovesorbecomesless•Thisshouldeasetheburdenonbusyteachers.•这可以给忙碌的教师减轻负担。••hassle/'h田sl/麻烦•asituationthatcausesproblemsforyou,orthatannoysyouverymuchIhatetocauseyouanyhassle—areyousureit'sOK?我不愿给你造成任何麻烦，你确信没事吗？bemeanttodosth本该做某事Studentsdidnothavetosearchforjobsuntilthe1990s.Insteadtheyhadtotakepositionsassignedtothembythegovernment.Asaresultofcovid-19,officialsaregettingmoreinvolvedinfindingworkforstudentsthantheyhavebeensincethosedays.XinchaoMedia,anadvertisingcompany,saysthatthegovernmentofChengdu,thesouth-westerncitywherethefirmisheadquartered,hasofferedtorecommendgraduatesforitsjobopenings.ThecityofBeijing,amongothers,haslaunchedarecruitmentwebsiteforpeoplepreparingtograduate.上世纪90年代之前，大学毕业生不用自己找工作，而是得接受政府分配。如今因为新冠肺炎的影响，官员参与到帮助毕业生找工作中，程度为90年代以来所未见。总部位于成都的广告公司新潮传媒表示，成都市政府已经提出为它的空缺岗位推荐毕业生。北京等不少城市推出了针对应届毕业生的招聘网站。•newgraduates/peoplepreparingtograduate应届毕业生••assign/'sain/vt.分酉己••headquarter/1hed'kwo:t(r)/将(组织)的总部设在某地•provide(anorganization)withheadquartersataspecifiedlocation•UNESCOisheadquarteredinParis.•联合国教科文组织的总部设在巴黎。amongothers/otherthings/otherpeopleetcusedforsayingthatthereareadditionalthingsorpeoplethatyoucouldmentionAmongotherthings,Churchillwasanaccomplishedwriterandhistorian.launcharecruitmentwebsite 推出一个招聘网站Manygovernmentsarealsorewardingfirmsthathiregraduates.InShanghai,thedistrictofPudongisofferingthemsubsidiesandreducedsocial-securitypaymentsworthupto2,000yuan($282)foreachlocalgraduatetheytakeon.Othersaregivingrefundsonsocial-securitycontributionstocompaniesthatdonotlayoffworkers.许多地方政府还向雇用毕业生的公司提供奖励。在上海，浦东新区对录用浦东户籍毕业生的企业提供补贴并减免企业社保缴费， 标准为每名毕业生最高2000元。另一些地方政府则向不裁员的公司退还社保缴费。socialsecuritycontribution社会保险缴款subsidy/'sabsdi/n.津贴；补助金；补贴refund退款anamountofmoneythatisgivenbacktoyouifyouarenotsatisfiedwiththegoodsorservicesthatyouhavepaidforTheyrefusedtogivemearefUnd.他们拒绝给我退款。layoffworkers裁员Thegovernmentisrighttoworryaboutsocialstability.Well-educ