重医七年制在儿科学双语试卷

TypeI:Singlechoice（1pointforeach,total40points）.Whatisthemostseriousandcommoncomplication（并发症）ofneonatalsepsis（新生儿败血症）？purulentmeningitis（化脓性脑膜炎） B.pneumoniaosteoarthritis（骨关节炎） D.infectionofurinarytractE.abscess（脓肿）WhatisthemostcommoncoupleofpathogenofneonatalsepsisincurrentChina?groupBstreptococcus（B群链球菌），staphylococcusepidermidis（表皮葡萄球菌）staphylococcus（葡萄球菌），colonbacillus（大肠杆菌）staphylococcusepidermidis（表皮葡萄球菌），Klebsiellapneumonia（克雷伯杆菌）Pseudomonasaeruginosa（绿脓杆菌），Acinetobacter（不动杆菌）Bacteroidesfragilis（脆弱类杆菌），Clostridiumagni（产气荚膜杆菌）Whichproofisthemostvaluablefordiagnosisofhypoxic-ischemicencephalopathy（HIE）?clinicalmanifestation B.cranialultrasound C.cranialCTscancranialMRI E.serumCPK-BBWhatisthemostcommonpathogeninneonatalTORCHinfection?A.Toxoplasma（弓形体）B.Herpesvirus（单纯疱疹病毒）C.Syphilis（梅毒） D.Cytomegalovirus（巨细胞病毒）Rubellavirus（风疹病毒）Themostbasicpathophysiologyofbronchopneumoniais:A.Hypoxia（低氧血症）； B.Hypercapnia（高碳酸血症）；C.Sepsis（败血症）； D.Toxinemia（毒血症）；E.Acidosis（酸中毒）Pointoutthemostcommongroupofpathogenstoinducebacterialmeningitisinchildren.Neissriameningitides（脑膜炎双球菌），Streptoccuspneumoniae（肺炎链球菌）,GroupBstreptococci;Neissriameningitides,Streptoccuspneumoniae,Haemophilusinfluenzae（流感嗜血杆菌）；Neissriameningitides,Staphlococcusaureus,Haemophilusinfluenzae;Staphlococcusaureus（金黄色葡萄球菌），Streptoccuspneumoniae,Haemophilusinfluenzae;Neissriameningitides,Streptoccuspneumoniae,Staphlococcusaureus.Whichoneisthemostcommoncomplicationofbacterialmeningitis:A.Ventriculitis（脑室管膜炎） B.Hydrocephalus（脑积水）Subduraleffusion（硬膜下积液） D.DeafnessE.Epilepsy（癫痫）Inthefollowingdiseases,whichonewillusuallynotresultinmirocytic/hypo-chromicanemia（小细胞低色素贫血）.Irondeficiencyanemia B.Thalassemia（地中海贫血）Ankylostomiasis（钩虫病） D.ChronicbloodlossVitaminB12deficiencyAccordingtomorphologicclassification,mirocytic/hypochromicanemiais:MCV85fl,MCH30,MCHC33% B.MCV96fl,MCH33,MCHC35%MCV70fl,MCH25,MCHC33% D.MCV70fl,MCH25,MCHC30%E.MCV80fl,MCH30,MCHC33%Whichoneisthemostprobableetiologyofacuteglomerulonephritisinchildren:GroupB,a-hemolyticstreptococci（B组a溶血性链球菌）GroupA,p-hemolyticStaphylococcus（A组p溶血性葡萄球菌）GroupA,p-hemolyticstreptococci（A组p溶血性链球菌）Escherichiacoli（大肠埃希氏菌）Swineinfluenza（猪流感病毒）Thetreatmentruleofnephriticsyndrome（肾炎综合征）is:A.usesteroids（激素） B.usediuresis（利尿剂）useantibiotics D.hemodialysis（血液透析）E.symptomatictreatmentWhatisthedefinitionofmassproteinuria（蛋白尿）innephroticsyndrome（肾病综合征）inchildren:A.Proteinuria>10mg/kg/24h B.Proteinuria>20mg/kg/24hC.Proteinuria>30mg/kg/24h D.Proteinuria>50mg/kg/24hE.Proteinuria>100mg/kg/24hMostcommoncomplicationofnephroticsyndromeinchildrenis:Acuterenalfailure B.Hyperemia（循环充血）Hypertensiveencephalopathy（高血压脑病）Thrombosis（血栓形成） E.InfectionCriticaltimeofembryoticcardiacdevelopment（胚胎心脏发育）inofgestation:1~2weeks B. 2-4months C. 8~12weeks2~8weeks E. 2~8monthsDifferentialcyanosis（差异性青紫）isoutstandingfeatureof:ASD B.VSDC.PDA D.TOF E.PSChangesofpulmonary（肺循环）andsystemiccirculatory（体循环）flow（血流）inVSDare:A．bothincreased B．bothinsufficiencyPulmonaryinsufficiency,systemicincreasedbothnormal E.Pulmonaryincreased,systemicinsufficiencyThemostimportantpathologicalchangeandfactorassociatingwithpathophysiologyandclinicalmanifestationinTOFis:A.ASD B.VSD C.aortaoverriding（主动脉骑跨）Rightventricularhypertrophy（肥厚）pulmonarystenosis（肺动脉狭窄）Aboutcongenitalhypothyrodism,whatistheirreversibleimpairment（不可逆性损伤）？A．lowmetabolismgrowthretardation（生长迟滞）

A．lowmetabolismmentalretardation（智力低下） D.unusualbodyfeatures（异常体态）delayingindevelopment（发育延迟）Fordiagnosisgrowthhormonedeficiency（生长激素缺乏症），whattestisnecessaryforfinaldiagnosis?randomizinggrowthhormonetestexercisetest（运动试验） C.sleeptestonedrugprovocativetest（单药刺激试验）twodrugsprovocativetest（双药刺激试验）Presentationmayimplyprimaryimmunodeficiency（s）is:A.Recurrentinfection B.Failuretothrive（发育障碍）Autoimmunity（自身免疫疾病） D.PositivefamilyhistoryE.Malignance（恶性肿瘤）Theembryonicperiod（胚胎期）endsandthefetalperiodbeginsatgestationalage:A.5weeksB.9weeks C.12weeksD.16weeks E.20weeksTheageofpeakofheightvelocity（PHV）formostchildrenis:9-11yearsoldforboys,8-10yearsoldforgirls11-13yearsoldforboys,11-13yearsoldforgirls11-13yearsoldforboys,9-11yearsoldforgirls14-16yearsoldforboys,12-14yearsoldforgirls9-11yearsoldforboys,11-13yearsoldforgirlsThenumberofprimaryteeth（乳牙）thatgenerallyerupt（萌出）inchildrenby3yearsofageis:A.4 B.8 C.12 D.16 E.20Whichofthefollowingisnotanexpectedfindinginan18-month-old?A.Usesscissors（剪刀） B.ScribblesonpaperC.Pullsselftostand D.Understands“no”IndicateswantsPincergripisanexpectedfindingatwhatage?A．3monthsA．3monthsB．6monthsC．9months14months E.12monthsWhichofthefollowingisnotanexpectedmilestoneduringtwotofourmonthsofage?Posteriorfontanel（后囟）closesTransfersobjectsfromonehandtotheotherDecreaseinheadlagwhenpulledtositFollowsobjects180degreesSmilestoothersresponsivelyCorrectsequenceforattainmentofgrossmotormilestonesis:headcontrol,rollingover,pullstostand,sitswithoutsupportheadcontrol,rollingover,sittingup,pullstostandrollsover,sitswithoutsupport,headcontrol,pullstostandsitswithoutsupport,liftinghead,pullstostand,walksalongpullstostand,walksalongtable,sitswithoutsupport,headcontrol28．Basedonaninfantscaloricrequirements,howmanycaloriesperdaydoesa8-month-oldwhoweights10kgrequire?A.950kcalB.1200kcalC.1100kcalD.800kcalE.850kcalBesidesswellingofparotids（腮腺），whichmanifestationbelowismostcommonlyfoundinmumps（腮腺炎）？pancreatitis（胰腺炎） B.carditis（心脏炎） C.pneumoniameningoencephalitis（脑膜脑炎） E.hepatitisWhichofthefollowingstatementisfalseA．BothmumpspatientwithapparentparotitisandthesubclinicalpatientareofthetransmissionsourcesofmumpsMostmumpsparotitisarebilateral,otherthanonesideparotidinvolvementPain,swelling,tendernessandrednessovertheglandsarecharacteristicsofmumpsD．SomepatientshavethesubmandibularglandinflammationE．EpididymitisisassociatedwithorchitisinmostcasesThemostcommoncomplicationofmeaslesis:

A.otitismediaA.otitismediapneumonialaryngitisexacerbationoftuberculosisE.cutaneousinfectionWhichofthefollowingisthemostsevercomplicationofHand-foot-mouthdisease（手足口病）？A.secondarycutaneousbacterialinfections（皮肤继发细菌感染）B．cervicallymphadenitis C．encephalitisD．actuebacterialsepsis E．arthritisThemostreliableevidenceforthediagnosisofTuberculosisMeningitis（结核性脑膜炎，TBM）is:A.Mentalstatuschanges B.PositiveresultofPPDC．Headacheandvomiting D．ConvulsionandcomaDetectedmycobacteriumtuberculosisinCSFThemostcommonlyimpairedcranialnerveinTBMis:A.Facialnerve B.Oculomotornerver（动眼神经）C.Abducensnerve（外展神经） D.Trochlearnerve（滑车神经）Auditorynerve（听神经）ThemostreliableevidenceforTuberculosisMeningitis（TBM）diagnosisis:A．mentalstatuschanges B．positiveresultofPPDC．headacheandvomiting D．detectedmycobacteriumtuberculosisinCSFE．convulsionandcomaThecharacteristicsinExcitivestageofRabies（狂犬病）is:A．numbnessatthesiteofbite B．convulsionandcomaC.aggressiveness（攻击性） D.numbness（感觉麻木）ofwholebodyE.hydrophobia（恐水症）AllthefollowingstatementsaboutToxicBacillaryDysentery（中毒性菌痢）aretrueexcept:Theageofpeakincidenceis2~7yearsoldItspathogenisdifferentfromothertypesofBacillaryDysenteryTheseasonofpeakincidenceisinsummerItonsetsabruptlyandprogressesrapidlyTheremaybenoDiarrheawhensepticshockoccursThekeysteptotreatsepticshock（感染性休克）is:A.Corticosteroids（皮质激素） B.Vasoactiveagents（血管活性剂）Initialfluidresuscitation D.Cardiants（强心剂）HeparinWhichofthefollowingaboutinfantilehepatitissyndromeiswrong?CMVisthemainpathogen.Fat-solubleavitaminosis（维生素缺乏症）canbeoccurred.C．Hereditaryandgeneticmetabolicdisordersarethemostcommoncausesofinfantilehepatitissyndrome.Biliaryatresia（胆道闭锁）iscommoncauseofinfantilehepatitissyndrome.E．ThemainrouteinfantsgetHBVinfectionismother-to-childtransmission.Thecourseoftheanti-tuberculoustherayinchildrenwithTBMis:A.3~6months B.6~9months C.9~12monthsD.12~15months E.18~24monthsTypeII:Trueorfalse（1pointforeach,total10points）.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zAdenovirus（腺病毒）isthemostcommonpathogenofbronchiolitis.（ ）Childrenwithirondeficiencyanemia（缺铁性贫血）mayhavedecreasedattentionspan（注意力）andalertness（反应性）,problemwithlearningability.Theseproblemsareduetotheanemiacausedhypoxiainbrain. （ ）APSGN（急性链感后肾炎）inchildrenisakindofimmuneassociateddisease,soitisaself-limiteddisease. （ ）Themostcommonofcyanoticcongenitalheartdisease（青紫型先心病）afterone-year-oldisTOF. （ ）Fortreatmentofcongenitalhypothyroidism,whensymptomsimprove,wemaystopthyroxine（甲状腺素）. （ ）6．Thedevelopmentdelayedforachildaged5monthswillbesuggestedbybeingunabletolifthisheadsteadily. （ ）Macronutrientsincludeprotein,fatandcarbohydrate. （ ）Pathogenesisofrabiesisrelatedtoviremia。 （ ）TherashesofVaricella（水痘）mainlyappearontheextremities.（ ）MeningealIrritation（脑膜刺激征）occursinthestage2oftuberculousmeningitis.（）Typem：Fillinblanks（0.5pointforeach,total10points）.Thecommoncausesforchildhoodirondeficiencyanemia（缺铁性贫血）：、、、和。Typicalmanifestationsofseverenephriticsyndrome（重症肾炎）include、、。isthemostcommonseizuredisorderinchildhood.Thecategoriesofnutrientsinclude,,,。ThecommonwaystocauseTuberculousmeningitis（结核性脑膜炎）inchildrenareand.Accordingtoclinicalmanifestations,ToxicBacillaryDysenteryC中毒性菌痢）canbetypedas,and. insialaden（唾液腺）inmumpsflowsbackintobloodstream,thereforeitsleveliselevatedinbloodandurineinmumpspatient.Thediarrhealmechanismcausedbydysenterybacilli（痢疾杆菌）is.TypeW:Questionsandanswers（23points）.Whatareriskfactorsforrecurrentfebrileseizures?（6points）PleasedescribethelaboratoryfindingsintheprocessofIDA(缺铁发展到缺铁性贫血的过程)(4points)Wouldyoupleasedescribehowtoassessthegrowthanddevelopmentofa7-montholdinfant?(8point)PleasedescribetheclinicalmanifestationsofExanthemstage(出疹期)intypicalmeasles.(5points)TypeV:Casediscussion(17points)Julie,agirl,3daysand12hourspostnatal,becameprogressivelyjaundicefor3days.ShewasG1P1,termbaby,deliveredvaginallywithbirthweight3.2kg.Hermother’sbloodtypewastypeO,DdEEcc,andherfather’swastypeA,DDEecc.Whenadmission,thelabtestsshowed:serumtotalbilirubin(TB)22mg/dl(373umol/L),Hb180g/L;urineurobilinogen(尿胆原)(+),urinebilirubin(-);feces5routineexamination(-).(6points)What’sthemostpossiblediagnosis?(1.5points)Whatisthemostseriouscomplicationofthiscase?Fortheinfanfssafety,whichclinicalmanifestationshouldyoupayattentionto?(1.5points)Whichlabtestsareneededforconfirmingyourdiagnosis(确诊)？(1.5points)(4)Howtotreatthebaby?(1.5points)Tod,agefourmonths,issentathomebyhisgeneralpractitionerbecauseoftwodaysofrapid,labouredbreathingandpoorfeeding.Hewasbornat27weeks’gestation,birthweight979gandwasdischargedhomeatthreemonthsofage.Onexaminationhewasafeverof37.4Candarespiratoryrateof60breaths/min.Hischestishyperinflatedwithmarkedintercoa