市2018届高三一模英语试题及答案

2018市朝阳区高三（一模（100120分第一部分：知识运用（45分（151分,15分ABCD四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上例：It’ssonicetohearfromher ,welastmetmorethanthirtyyearsA.What’s B.That’sto C.Inother D.BelieveitorDPeterhasprevious Ithinkhe’sthe fortheA. B. C. D.––Whatdidthedoctorsayaboutyour––ShesaidIshould ngtoomuch itfeelsA. B. C. D.Themealitselfwasnotso wasboringlybrownincludingA. B. C. D.Don’tworry.Anumberofeffortsarebeing thewholesystemoperatingA.being B. C.keeD.toHawkingbelievestheearthisunlikelytobetheonly lifehasdevelopedA. B. C. D.––Cathyisnotcomingtoyourbirthdayparty––But A. B. C.will D.hadDon’tforgetto attendedtheconferenceafollow-upA. B. C. D.Yourredcoatlookssogood.Itstoodout theA. B. C. D.Look!Here’sa inmyclassroomatprimaryschool.CanyourecognizemeinA. B. C.to D.being––Aretherepairsfinished––Yes, whenIcamebackA.wouldbe B.would C.had D.hadbeenSometimesitseemstobotherthe allthestudentsarebeingtooA. B. C. D.suchaproblembefore,wehandledthesituationverywellthisA.Deal B.Dealing C.Todeal D.HavingdealtItseemslatetosayanything.We itifwehadmadeanofferA.wouldhave B.would C.had D.Ithink herpackingsinceshestartedgettingthingsreadyearlythisA. B.has C.had D.wouldWhatIlovemostaboutreadingnovels theauthorsvividlydescribetheA. B. C. D.（201.530分ABCDNoDirectionInAugustlastyear,myparentsandIvisitedourrelativesinPrincetonJunction,NewJersey.EverydayIenjoyedwalkingacircularwaystartingfromtheirhouse.OneeveningIdecidedtobeadventurousandchangedfrommy way—Iwaslookingforwardtoalongerwalk, Iwouldbeabletofindmywayback.Mywalktookme18thelivingareaandintoabeautifulcewithanexpanseoffieldsonbothsidesoftheroad.Withthesunbeginningto19,itwasreallyawonderfulsight.Afteraboutthirtyminutes,InoticedthatIwasnot20backinthedirectionIhadcome—infactIseemedtobemovingfurtheraway.Isearchedmypocketforthephonetogethelp,butitwasn’tthere.Ihad21itathome.However,Iremained 22.Althoughthereweren’tanypeopleabout,therewassome andIwassurethatsomeonewouldstopand meintherightdirection.Aseachcarortruckcame,Istopped 25,buttimeaftertimeeachonepassedmeby.Nooneseemedtofeel forme.Aboutfortyminutes,Iwasbeginningtofeel 27.Therewasnooneinsightandmyfamilywascompleyinthedarkastomy 28.WhenIjustgaveupallhope,ablackSUV meandstopped.Amotheranddaughterwantedtoknowhowtheycouldhelp.ItoldthemIwaslostandgavethemmyaddress.Themotherpointedtoaturningalittlefurtherdowntheroadand meIwasprettyclosetohome.Expressingmythanks,Istartedoffata IhadbeenwalkingforaboutfiveminuteswhenIheardacardriveupbehindmeandstop.Itwasthemotheranddaughteragain.Theyrealizedthattheyhadnotgivenmethecorrect andmydestinationwasmuchfurtheraway.Theyofferedto mehome,andIwassogratefulfortheirhelp.DuringourbriefconversationIgotthe thattheteenagedaughterwasgoingtoaschoolpartyandwouldnowarrivelate.Wedidn’t 35 namesbutIwillneverforgettheiractofkindness.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B.keeC. D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C.p A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.第二部分：阅读理解（40分第一节（15230分ABCD四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将AEcobee3SmarterWiFiSmartthermostatshave ethefaceofsmarthometechnologyformost,butdependingonwhatyourhomeislike,it’spossibletosaytheecobee3issuperior.Mostofthesmartthermostatscarrythesamebenefits,includingtheecobee3.Theycanlearnyourpreferencesandschedules,andthenadjustthetemperatureaccordingly.They’rebetter-lookingandmoreenjoyabletousethanthebasicpiecesofsticthatoccupymosthouseholds.Theirverypresencewillprobablymakeyoumoreconsciousaboutsavingenergy.Andonceyou’reabletoheatuporcooldownyourhousefromyourphone,withouthavingtogetoutofbed,youwon’twanttogoIfyouliveinalargerhouseholdtheecobee3canbemuchmoreconvenient—providedyoupickupacouplemoreremotesensors.Yes,itgetsprettyexpensiveatthatpoint,buthavingthosegivesyoueffectivecontroloverthetemperatureindifferentroomsaroundyourhouse.Incomparison,otherthermostats’measurementsarelargelylimitedtotheareainwhichthey’reinstalled(安装).Ifyouliveinasmallerce,that’snobigdeal;theecobee3stillhasdistinctadvantages.Ittouch-enabledandmorespacious,makingitlessannoyingwhenyouwanttoenteraWiFipassword,seeweatherinformation,andsoon.Still,allthesmartthermostatsareprettygreat.Whichoneisbestjustdependsonwhetheryouawhole-homesolutionoramorestraightforwardone.Fornow,ifit’stheformer,gowiththeecobee3.Ecobee3SmarterWiFiThermostatwithRemoteSensor,availableatallshopwebsites.WhatisthefunctionoftheA.nning B.MakingC.Adjusting D.StoringAccordingtothepassage,oneoftheadvantagesoftheecobee3is itcanbeoperatedeasilyby B.ithasdifferentC.itisaproductwithoutusing D.itfollowsthesameWhatmakestheecobee3ItcostslessthanthosesimilarItmayworkwithoutaccesstoWiFiItismoreeffectivewithfewerremoteItcancontrolthetemperatureinalargerBDreaminOnthefirstdayofschoolourprofessorintroducedanewclassmate—awrinkledlittleoldlady—tous.HernamewasRose,andshewaseighty-sevenyearsold.AfterclassRoseandIwalkedtotheStudentUnionBuildingandsharedachocolatemilk-Shetoldmeshealwaysdreamedofhavingacollegeeducationandnowshewasgettingone.Webecameinstantfriends.Everydayforthefollowingmonths,wewouldleaveclasstogetherandtalknonstop.Iwasalwaysattracted,listeningtothis“timemachine”asshesharedherwisdomandexperiencewithme.Rosebecamefamousandeasilymadefriendswherevershewent.Shetendedtobehighlymotivated,responsible,anddeeplyinvolvedinclassparticipation.Insparetimeshehadsomeonehangoutorgotobarswith.Sheevenparticipatedinsomeformofathleticactivity.Shesaidthatextra-curricularactivitiescanformavitalpartofherexperience,creatinguniquechancesforfriendshipandlearning.AttheendofthetermweinvitedRosetospeakatourfootballmeal.Alittleembarrassed,sheleanedintothemicrophoneandsimplysaid,“I’msorryI’msonervous.”Aswelaughed,sheclearedherthroatandbegan,“Wedonotstopyingbecauseweareold;wegrowoldbecausewestopying.Thereisahugedifferencebetweengrowingolderandgrowingup.Ifyou’renineteenyearsoldandlieinbedforonefullyear,youwillturntwenty.IfI’meighty-sevenyearsoldandstayinbedforayear,Iwillturneighty-eight.Anybodycangrowolder.It’snon-optionalbutthatdoesn’ttakeanytalentorability.Theideaistogrowupbyalwaysfindingthechanceinchange.Inthiswaytheelderlydon’thaveregretsforwhattheydid,butratherforthingstheydidnotdo.”Roseconcludedherspeechbycourageouslysinging“TheRose”.Shechallengedustostudythewordsofthesongandlivedthemoutindailylives.Attheyear’sendRosefinishedthecollegedegreeshehadbegunallthoseyearsago.OneweekaftergraduationRosediedpeacefullyinhersleep.Overtwothousandcollegestudentsattendedherfuneralinhonorofthewonderfulwomanwhotaughtbyexamplethatit’snevertoolatetobeallyoucanpossiblybe.WhydoestheauthorcompareRoseto“timemachine”inParagraphTostressheroldageandknowledgeofTodescribetheclosefriendshipbetweenToshowthatshealwaysenjoyedheractiveToexinwhyshetookonachallengeinRosewasinvitedtospeakatthefootballmealmostprobably shewasagreatfootballshewasthesmartestshetriedhardtoachievehershebecamemoreeducatedthantheWecanlearnthatRoseagreedwiththeidea growingoldermeansgrowingittakestalentandabilitytogrowreceivinghigheducationhelpstobeonegrowsolderatthesametimewhenhegrowsThepassageisintended provideanexampleforthe B.discusshowtogrowupC.ltheimportanceofattending D.inspirethereaderstoliveuptoCSensesThatWorkWhenwethinkabouthowoursenseswork,weusuallyimaginethemoperatingseparay:yousniffaflower,andthesmellisdelivereduninterruptedfromnosetobrain.However,it’smorecomplexthanthatMostevidenceforcross-modalperception(知觉comesfromstudiesintosoundandvision(视觉).Butresearchthatshowsothersensescrossingoveriscomingoutallthetime,anditseemsthatevensoundandsmellsometimesformanunlikelypairing.WhenNewYorkresearchers,DanielWessonandDonaldWilson,triedtofindoutthetruthabouta“mysterious”areaofthebraincalledtheolfactorytubercle,theyhadtodealwiththisfact.Originally,theyonlyintendedtomeasurehowolfactorytuberclecellsinmicerespondedtosmell.Butduringtesting,Wessonnoticedthateverytimeheputhiscoffeecupdown,themousecellsjumpedinactivity.Infact,theolfactorytubercleiswell-cedtoreceivebothsmellandsoundinformationfromtheoutsideLatertheyfoundthatamongseparatecells,mostrespondedtoasmellbutasignificantnumberwerealsoactivewhenasoundwasmade.Somecellsevenbehaveddifferentlywhensmellandsoundwerepresentedtogether,byincreasingordecreasingtheiractivity.Ofcourse,micearen’tpeople,soresearchteamhasbeencarryingoutfurtherexperiments.Theypulledtogetheragroupofpeopleandgavethemvariousdrinkstosmell.Participantswereaskedtosniffthedrinks,andthenmatchthemtoappropriatemusicalinstrumentsandproducethenotesatdifferentlevels.Theresultswereinteresting:pianowasregularlypairedwithfruityfragrances;strongsmellssoundedliketheinstrumentsthataremadeofmetal.Furtherresearchfoundthatlisteningtodifferentsoundscanchangeyourperceptions.Studyingtastethistime,theteamorderedsomespecialtoffee(太糖)andputtogether“soundscapes”correspondingtobitternessandsweetnessParticipantstastedsimilarpiecesoftoffeewhilelisteningtoeachsoundscape,andfoundthetoffeemorebitterorsweeter,dependingonwhichsoundtracktheywerelisteningto.Studieslikethisarehelscientistscorrectlydescribeourunderstandingofthesenses,andhowthebraincombinesthemwithitsadvantage.Theconsequencesareworthconsidering.Couldweseemusiciansworktogetherwithchefstoproducesound-improvedfoodanddrink?Willyoubeorderingacoffeewithasoundtracktobringoutyourfavoritesmell?Cometothinkofit,thatcouldbeonethingyouhopecoffeeshopchainsdon’tgetroundto.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph2referAlotofresearchfocusesontheSoundandvisionarerelativelyeasytoTherecanbealinkbetweensoundandEvidenceaboutthewaysensesworkishardtoInWessonandWilson’s themicewereaffectedmoresignificantlybytheresultconfirmedwhattheresearchershadthemiceseemedtobeafraidofcertainsoundsortheconnectionbetweensoundandsmellwasfoundbyWhatisthemainideaofParagraphParticipantstookanactivepartintheThepurposeofthefurtherexperimentswastotallyTheresultfailedtosupportwhatwasfoundinpreviousExperimentsshowedthatlinksbetweensoundandsmellwereHowdoestheauthorfeelabouttheeffectoftheSheisexcitedaboutthecreativeSheissurprisedattherecentSheisconvincedthatthefindingswillbeusedSheisworriedabouthowtheknowledgecanbeDComedyandEarlierthisyearIdidapart-timecomedycourse.TheclasswastaughtbyRyan,aprofessionalcomedian.Ihadperformedashow,whichwasn’toriginallymeanttobeacomedy.However,theaudiencelaughedatmyfirstjoke,thentolaughthroughouttheroutinesthatweremeanttobeserious.SoitwastheaudiencewhotoldmeIwasfunny,butIdidn’tunderstandwhyorhowtocontrolthecomic(滑稽的)moments.So,Ijoinedthecoursetolearn.“TurnoffyoureditorthatmakesyousaytherightthingandrememberhowtobeaexinedRyan.“Don’ttrytobeclever.Don’ttrytoohardtobefunny…andknowingallaboutthetheoryofhumorisunlikelytohelpyoumuch.Justbehaveinasillyway.That’swhatpeoplewanttoseeonstage.”Ryanwouldhelpusloosenupbysayingthingslike,“Wanderaroundtalkingtoothers,butmakesurethatyou’retheloweststatus I’dsaythatunderstandingthepsychologyofhumorhasactuallyhelped.RecentlyIcameacrossthebookInsideJokes:UsingHumortoReverse-EngineertheMind.Itsmainideaisthatanyself-directedinligentsystemwillneedtocorrectitsownfault.There’sariskthattheoccasionalerrorwillbemade.Ifthiswasboringorburdensome,we’dbelesswillingtodoit.However,evolutionhasmadetheprocessfun.Here’sajokeinthebook:Twofishareina.Onesaystotheother,“Doyouknowhowtodrivethisthing?”Itworksontheprinciplethatwehavestartedtoimagineonething—thattheisthetypicalcontainerpeoplekeepfishin—and,justintime,thefollowingwordslusthatourfirstassumptionwaswrong—it’saheavyvehicle.Forcorrectlyfiguringouttheerror,wearerewardedwithapleasurablefeeling.Thejokeisanefficientwayofencouragingthisnaturalreaction,andcomedianshave eexpertsinslightlytouchingthismentalfunny-boneinordertomakeuslaugh.Ryanwasrightwhenhesaidthatknowingthetheoryofhumorwouldn’thelpusthatmuchasacomedy.Duringoneexerciseinthecourse,fourofusweretoldtoperformanopera.SusanandCarolinesangearnestlyoneithersideofthestageandIbroughtHenrytothefloorwherewewrestled(摔跤)eachotherlikeout-of-controlteenagers.Therestofthegroupwasinuncontrollablefitsoflaughter.Asaperformer,I’llneverappreciatejustwhyitseemedsofunny.ButthepointisthatIwouldneverhavewrittenthisonthepaper.Itwasajoyous,foundmoment.WhydidtheauthorattendthecomedyHewantedtoseehowthetheoriesworkedinHediscoveredhehadsomenaturalabilityinHeworriedabouthowotherperformerswouldfindHegotunpleasantexperienceswhenperformingaRyanrequiredthepeopleonthecomedycourse copytheirfavorite B.imagineotherpeople’sC.helpthemselvesfeel D.behaveinamoreyfulWhatisthepurposeofthejokementionedinParagraphTodiscusswhathumorbringsaboutTogiveanexampleofanotherkindofToprovethepointaboutpsychologyofToshowwhysomepeoplearefunnierthanWhatviewdoestheauthorputforwardintheVisualhumoriswhatappealstopeopleWhatpeoplefindfunnyisoftenTheoriesexininghumortendtobeLearningcomicskillsprovestobeadifficult第二节（5210分Areleadersbornormade?Manyleadersthroughouthistory—suchasGandhi,Churchill,Napoleon,andMartinLutherKing—seemtohaveaspecialqualitythatmadethempowerfulandpersuasive.Wecanidentifythatqualityascharisma,butcanweexinit?Charismameansanaturalabilitytoattractotherpeopleandmakethemadmireyou.Itisacomplexmixtureofsocialandemotional(情感的)skills. RichardWiseman,afamouspsychologist,pointsoutthattherearethreekeyqualitiesofacharismatic :Theyfeeltheirownemotionsstrongly;theyinspirestrongemotionsinotherpeople;andtheyareunaffectedbytheinfluencesofothercharismaticpeople.Youneedn’tworryifyoudon’thavethesequalities. Wisemansaysthatwhenyoucomeuponsomeonewhoischarismatic,youcancopyhisorherbodylanguageandfacialexpressionswithoutrealizingit.Thisiscalledmirroring,anditworkspartlybecausepeople’sbehaviorinfluencestheiremotions. Heproveshispointbygivingtheexampleofsmilingbackatsomeonewhosdatyou.Yoursmilingbacksuggeststhatyouacceptthegoodwillfromtheother hopetogiveitbacktohim. Forexample,ifyoustandupstraightandraiseyourchest,youaremorelikelytofeelconfidentandinspireotherstofeelconfidenceinyou.Anotherexpertsaysthatthemostcharismaticpeopleareusuallygoodlisteners.Theygiveotherstheimpressionofbeingfocusedandmodest.Charismaysalargepartinsuccessbecauseitislinkedtoself- Onesuccessfulleadershipcoachpointsoutthatyouneedtocomebyyourskillsandtechniquesnaturally,shewarns—ifthe alityyouprojectisnotreal,youmaycomeacrossasinsincere.ThistypeofphysicalpresencecanbeusedtogreatTodaythereisgrowingevidencethatcharismacanbe sshouldbeactiveandsensitivetotheirItneedstoberecognizedthatcharismaismorethanjustbeingIthelpstomake alconnectionsandcommunicateeffectivelywithButitisworthnotingthatcharismacan’tbeapretendedabilityalthoughitcanbeHeaddsyou’reunawareofpickingupothers’gestures,butyouknowitmakesyoufeel第三部分：表达（共两节，35分）第一节（15分）假设你是红星中学高三学生。你的笔友Jim对中华传统文化很感，经常与你讨论这方面的话题。最近你参加了一次相关活动，请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1.DearLi（20分以“AMemorableExperienc